同等学力英语语法辅导1

2010级研究生课程进修班语法辅导语法重点复习和练习主谓一致动词虚拟语气比较级倒装句情态动词复合从句©2010GrammarReview1©2010GrammarReview2©2010GrammarReview3主谓一致.ProfessorPole,togetherwithtenofhisstudentsandallhisassistants,(is,are)workingatthelab..Thedirector,accompaniedbythemanagers,(is, are)inspectingthenewly-builtfactory..Myfatheraswellasmymotherandmysister(is,are)enjoyingthevacationabroad.物质名词.Alotofmilk(was, were)pouredintothesea..Toomuchsalt(does, do)younogood.量词.Everyboyandgirl(know, knows)theruleofgame..Muchtime(has, have)beenwastedintalkingwithoutdoing..Thewholehouse(has, have)toberenovated..Agreatdealofgold(has,have)beenminedillegallyandsmuggledoutofthecountry..Themajorityofthecommitteemembers(is,are)fortheproposal..Theminorityofthestudents(is,are)againstthisregulation.连接词连接两个成分.NeithershenorI(am, is)planningtogoabroad..Notonlythecoachbutalsotheplayers(is,are)greatlydisappointed..Thepilotaswellassomeofthepassengers(has, have)miraculouslysurvivedthecrash.There句型.There(has,have)littleraintoday..There(exist, exists)muchtobelearnedaboutthevariousgrainsandtheirvaluetohumansandanimals从句作主语.Thatreadingdetectivestoriesismorefunthanreadinganessayonphilosophy(is,are)obvious.=It(is,are)obviousthatreadingdetectivestoriesismorefunthanreadinganessayonphilosophy.Whoisresponsiblefortheseaccidents(is,are)notyetclear..Whathehasdoneandwhyhehasdoneit(is,are)questionsonlyhehimselfcananswer.强调句.Itismybrotherthat(has, have)devisedthescheme..Itisherfriendsthat(has, have)beentomanycountries.•注：如何确定强调句？其他.Morethanonesuggestion(have,has)beenmade..Morethanone(have,has)beendiscussed.Electronics(is,are)Greektome.TheNewYorkTimes(is,are)availabletobigcitiesThePhilippines(is, are)oneofthesouth-easterncountries.II.动词我想去看打球。(如何翻译?).用法(1)只能用不定式作宾语的动词有:&promise2).Plan3).refuse4).fail辽hesitate见expect(2)只能用动名词作宾语的动词有:7).suggest8).enjoy9).quit10).avoid11).finish12).risk13). deny14).consider15).Wouldyoumind16).can'thelp17).Idon'tfancy(3)两者均可，意思差别不大.beginstart(todo,doing)sth..like,prefer,love20),hate(4)两者均可，意思差别很大.21).stopreading;stoptoread22).leaveoffreading;leaveofftoread.23).trytotastethemango24)trytakingtheChineseherbalmedicine.25).mean togobowling26).Itmeansdoingtherightthing..27).remember+tocallherafterthemeeting28).remember+callingher词组中”。”是介词时29).100kforwardto30). devoteto31). objectto32). 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Thisamountsto34), resortedto动词(时态)考点11).Betweenonethingandanother,mysister(does, did)notfinishtyingherpaperlastnight.2).Themeeting(willtake,took)placeafortnightagotomorrow.3).(Did,Do)youmeanwhatyousayyesterdayevening?4).Wehaven’tmeteachothersinceshe(leave,left)Guangzhou考点25).I’llgowithyouonaholidayifclassesfornextweek(are,willbe)cancelled.考点、3.Myboyfriend.hasforeveradmiredme.foreveradmiredme.wasforeveradmiringme.isforeveradmiringme.考点、4.Bysixo’clocktonighthe(willleave,willhaveleft)forBeijing..Bythetimeyoucomebackwe(willhavegraduated,willgraduate)..MytrainarrivesinNewYorkateighto’clocktonight.TheplaneIwouldliketotakefromtherebythen.A.wouldleave B.hasleftC.willhaveleft D.hadleft考点5.TheyfulfilledtheprojectearlierthantheyA.haveexpected B.hadexpectedC.wereexpecting D.expected考点6.Thissoupsour.A. istasted B.aretastedC.taste D.tastes虚拟语气基本句型： 从句 …+ 主句...•If… + would...1).Ifthesouphadmoresaltinit,itwouldtastebetter.2)IfIhadmethiminthestreet,Iwouldnothaverecognizedhim.3).IfIweretoliveupto200yearsold,Iwouldchangemypresentwayoflife.注：should;wereto;动词过去时(与将来时间相反)4).Ifhecamenextweek,hewouldstillbeabletomeetus..省if的句型5).IfIwereinyourposition,Iwouldnotquitnow.=•伍忆Iinyourposition,Iwouldnotquitnow..Ifyouhadnotgivenmeyourhelp,Iwouldnothavecompletedmythesis.=Hadyounotgivenmeyourhelp,Iwouldnothavecompletedmythesis.without.Withoutairandwater,there(willbe, would)nolifeonearth..Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnothavecompletedmythesis.=IfIhadnotgivenmeyourhelp,Iwouldnothavecompletedmythesis.butfor.But.foryourhelpI(hadnotfound, wouldnothavefound)theplace..混合型• 10).IfyouthatDVDmovielastnight,youwouldn'tbesleepy.A. haven’twatchedB. hadn’twatchedC. didn'twatchD. wouldn'thavewatched11).Iwouldhaverungyoubutthetelephone(was, hadbeen)outoforder.12).Themeeting(was,wouldhavebeen)overontimebutSmithhelduswithhislongfinancialreport.13).IwouldgotovisitthembutI(didn’t,don’t)thinktheyareanxioustoseeme..Wish+从句hope与wish的区别14).IwishIk〃ewhisname.15).Hewisheshehadjotteddowntheaddress.16).Weallwishyouwouldjoinustomorrow.17).Howshewishesherfamilycouldgowithher..有些动词的宾语从句虚拟语气省对卜。口兄”.建议,提议，请求，命令.suggest，propose;.ask,require,request,demand;insist;.order;.recommend;.urge;.decide;.maintain;.move.Wesuggestedyesterdaythathe(went,go)atonce..Theheadnurseinsiststhatthepatient(benot, notbe)moved..Theyinsistedthathe(was,be)wrong..Thesurveysuggestedthattheirfindings(be,were)reasonable..It’ssuggestedthat...句型.It’sproposedthatanurgentsurvey(was, be)maderightaway..Itisrequiredthatallapplicants(be,were)interviewed.It's形容词that...句型.Itisurgentthatreinforcement(be,is)senttothefrontatonce.Itispreferablethatyou(brings, bring)moreclotheswithyou.(4)固定搭配wouldrather;hadrather.We’drather(die, died)than(giveup，gaveup)ourbelief..You’drather(stay, stayed)hereforthenight..I’dratheryou(come,came)tomorrow.They’dratherwe(are, were)notpresentatthemeeting...Wehadbetter(send,tosend)foranambulance..ItStimewe(shouldleave,leave,left)IV.比较级同级比较. thesame(+n.)as…⑵. beasadj.as.... 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Seldomdoweseehimdressed(as,so)decentlyastoday.比较级.单音节+-0「(longer,later).多音节more+beautifulInsummerthedaysaremorelongerthaninwinter.(此句对吗？)最高级A..Butforsometypingerrors,theessaywouldbe(moreperfect, perfect)..Byputtingforthatotallynewtheory,hemade(themostunique,theunique)contributionstotheexplorationoftheoriginofthesolarsystem.B..Thevideocameraissuperiorineveryrespect(than, to)that..Womenarenotinferior(than, to)men..Hiswifeissenior(than, to)himbyfiveyears..Thiscivilizationisbyfarjunior(than,to)thatoftheNileValley.C.否定词+比较级=最高级.Noonecouldbemoreloyaltoduty(than,to)hewas..Nothingismoreprecious(than, to)timeyetnothinglessvalued.同类比较.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthan(thatof, /)anyothercountry..Thefurisassoftas(thatof,/)acat.倍数偌数十(largerthan/smallerthan)+n.倍数十(asmuchas/asmanyas)+n偌数十(morethan)+n.Theradionowcoststwice(morethan,asmuchas)itdidlastyear..Americanatenearlytentimesas(many,much)meatastheBritish..Ourroomisthreetimes(largerthan,largerto)theirs.V.倒装句否定词位于句首.MyfriendhasneverbeentoBeijing.NeverhasmyfriendbeentoBeijing..Hardlyhadwestarted(when, than)itbegantorain..NosoonerhadIlaindown(when,than)thetelephonerang.

注：的/一…就…倒装句Hardly…when…Nosooner…than…非倒装句On…ingThemoment/theminute/thesecond/theday从句…-ly:directly,immediately,instantly.Themoment/(Directly)hereturnedhome,itbegantosnow.Only位于句首Only+状语(或副词)….Wecanfinishourmaster’scoursesonlyinthisway.• =Onlyinthiswaycanwefinishourmaster'scourses.So位于句首.Theearthquakewassostrongthatitcausedmanycasualties.=Sostrongwastheearthquakethatitcausedmanycasualties.Often位于句首.Theteacheroftenwarnsuseverythingmatters.• =Oftendoestheteacherwarnuseverythingmatters..Busy heis,hecanseizethechanceoffulfillingthetask.B.asA.becauseB.asC.nomatterhowD.althoughC.nomatterhowD.although14).Hardly14).Hardlyanythingmorethanthehappinessofseeingsomeoneusinghisadvicefortreatment.A.pleasehimadvicefortreatment.A.pleasehimC.pleaseshimB.doespleasehimD.doeshimplease15).Scarcelyadropofrainfelllastmonth.情态动词Should(oughtto)+have+done表示过去时间该做而没有做意思是："本来应该…”Needn’t+have+done表示过去时间表示对已经做过的事情感到是不必要的。must+have+done表示过去时间一种猜测意思是：“一定…”mustnot=mustn’t表示不可以做的…意思是：“不能…”复合从句考点1.isobvious.A.ThatthingswillimproveB.WhattingswillimproveC.ThingswillimproveD.Ifthingswillimprove考点2.Heputforwardthesuggestionthematterbebroughtupatthenextmeeting.A.which B.thatC.what D.whether考点3.ThetwothingstheyfeltveryproudwereJim'sgoldwatchandDella'shair.A.aboutwhich B.ofwhichC.offwhich D.forwhich考点4.ShanghaiisoneofthemostimportantfinancialcentersIhaveknown.A.what B.thatC.which D.forwhich考点5.Hementionedabookthetitlehasslippedmymemory.A.ofwhich B.forwhichC.aboutwhich D.inwhich考点6.Humanbeingsaresuperiortoanimalstheycanuselanguageasatooltocommunicate.B.forthat•A.lest

B.forthatC.inwhichD.inthatC.inwhichD.inthat考点7.Wearefacingthesameproblemswedidyearsago.A.which B.asC.what D.that2010GrammarReview1I.NounsMr. andMrs.Woodaresoexcitedtoday,fortheyboughtyesterday.A. manyfurnitures B. alotoffurniturehavetraveledinspace-shipsalready.A. Womanastronauts B. WomenastronautsC. Womenastronaut D. Womanastronauthavecomeupwiththesolutionstotheproblem.A.TheboystudentsB.TheboysstudentsTheladyoverthereis.Jane’sandMary’smotherJaneandMary’smotherEversincePicasso,spaintingwentonexhibit,therelargecrowdsatthemuseumeveryday.A.areB.havebeenC.isD.hasbeenII.PronounsThesemachinesarebetterthanweturnedoutlastyear.A.thatB.whatC.thoseD.WhichMyparentsinthisevening.A.arebothB.allareC.bothareD.areallAdjectivesallthepoemsIhavereadrecently,ThomasHardy,sTheDarklingThrustseemsthemostrelevanttoourtimes.A.OfB.AmongC.InD.AboutQuestioningthequalityoftheairtheybreathebecomeslessimportantthanaboutthenextpaycheck.A.havingquestioned B.questioningC.tohavequestioned D.questionButshewouldratherstayathomealonethantoJane'sgossip.A.tolisten B.listening C.listen D.listenedThenewmethodforrefiningaluminumwasthatitbecamepracticalformanypurposesA.somorecheaper B.somuchcheaperC.somanycheaper D.suchmuchcheaperone,sworkproperlymaybeworsethannotdoingitatall.A.Nottodo B.DoingnotC.doing D.Notdoing13Afterawholeday,sheavywork,theoldworkerreturnedhome,.A.hungryandfeltexhausting B.hungerandexhaustedC.hungryandexhausted D.hungryandhavingbeenexhaustedSomepeoplearesittingonthegrass;othersarestrollingalongthelakeside,.A.chattingandtolaugh B.tochatandtolaughC.chattingandlaughing D.chattingandlaughedTelevisionhasbecomeamajorinstrumentofcommunication,ustoseeaswellastohearallkindsofprograms.A.topermit B.permittedC.beingpermitted D.permittingThestudentexpectedtheremorereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexams.A.isB.tobeC.beingD.havebeen.Nobodyenjoyshavingatooth.A.drillandfill B.drillingandfillingC.todrillandfill D.drilledandfilledIt,snogoodremembergrammaticalrules.A.tryingtoB.totrytoC.tryto D.triedtoV.PassivevoiceTheUnitedKingdomGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.A.consistedofB.isconsistedofC.consistsofD.consistsThewar/earthquake/flood/greatfire+brokeout.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.DatingusuallyoccursoneortwoyearsTheseflowersneedwatering.ThemovieisworthwatchingTherulewilltakesomelearningVI.Others26Weherlatterlastweek.Wedon'tknowwhathashappenedtoher.A.mustreceiveB.musthavereceivedC.oughttoreceiveD.oughttohavereceivedAccordingtotheWesternculture,oneaskhisacquaintancesuchpersonalquestionsashisage,incomeormaritalstatus.A.needn’t B.don’thaveto C.mustn’t D.havenotgottoTheprizewinnerdidsowellatthespeechcontestthatheitmanytimesthiscoupleofweeks.A.shouldhaverehearsed B.wouldhaverehearsedC.musthaverehearsed D.couldhaverehearsedVII.Theflightservicecrewlargelywomen.A..is B.wasC.areD.wereTheoldnowdoingsomerunningintheparkinthemornings.A.isB.wasC.are D.wereWritingstoriesandarticleswhatI'mfondof.A.isB.areNobodybutSanandAnninthelab.A.is B.areOneandahalfhourspassed.A.hasB.areC.isD.have.Ihaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.A.Direct B.DirectlyC.MomentD.ConstantShewaslateagain,wasannoying.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.whichI'mgoingtospendthewintervacationinBeijing,Ihaverelatives.A.becauseB.whichC.thatD.where.Itisheisdetermined.A.buyinganewcarB.tobuyanewcarthatC.tobuyanewcarwhatD.buyinganewcarwhich2010GrammarReview2L代词Althoughthetownhadbeenattackedbythestormseveraltimes,wasdone.A.afewdamagesB.fewdamagesC.littledamageD.alittledamageTheoretically,agoodscrewdrivershouldlastalifetime,butitrarelyhas,usuallybecauseitisused,atonetimeoranother,asasubstitutefor.AsomeothertoolB.eithertoolC.anothertoolD.otherstoolII形容词与副词Ishouldhaveknownbetterthanhimmybottompriceatthattime.A.showB.shownC.showingD.toshowRadio,televisionandpressofconveyingnewsandinformation.arethemostthreecommonmeansarethemostcommonthreemeansarethethreemostcommonmeansarethreethemostcommonmeansWeoftenadvisehimnottodrinkmorewineisgoodforhishealth.A.asB.thatC.butD.,than非谓语动词（作定语和状语）,themountainlookslikeanelephant.HavingseenfromadistanceHavingbeenseenfromadistanceSeeingfromadistanceSeenfromadistanceMaggieranbacktothekitchen,eggscarefullyinherhands.A.tobeheldB,heldC.wereheldDholdingInthecourseofaday,studentsdofarmorethanjustclasses.A.attendB.attendedC.toattendD.attendingJohnwasrelyingonthereanotheropportunity.A.isB.beingC.tobeD.are非谓语动词（作宾语和宾语补助语）Ididn'tmeananything;butthoseappleslookedsogoodIcouldn'tresist.A.toeat;tryingB.toeat;totryC.eating;totryD.eating;totryingIcan'tunderstandadecisionuntilitislate.himtopostponetomakehispostponingtomakehimpostponemakinghispostponingmakingMrs.DouglasunknowinglyleftapackageontheshopcounteroAlayingB.tolieC.laidD.lyingV.时态Thelasthalfofthe19centurythesteadyimprovementinthemeansoftravel.A.haswitnessedB.waswitnessedC.witnessedD.iswitnessedNotuntilthegamehadbegunatthesportsground.A.shouldbehavearrivedB.hadbearrivedC.didhearriveD.wouldhehavearrivedTherearemorethan50proposalsattheconference.A.discussedB.tobediscussedC.discussingD.havingdiscussedVI.虚拟语气Don'tyouthinkitistimethatyousmoking?A.giveupB.wouldgiveupC.gaveupD.mustgiveupWithoutcomputer,wethetremendousmedicaladvancementinthelastfewdecades.A.wouldnotmakeB.willnothavemadeC.couldnotmakeD.couldn'thavemadeItisessentialthattheseapplicationformsbackasearlyaspossible.A.mustbesentB.willbesentC.aresentD.besentWemovethatheforhisseriousmistakes.A.willbechargedB.bedischargedC.isdischargedD.mustbedischarged,hewouldberichnow.IfheweretotakemyadviceIfhetookmyadviceHadhetakenmyadviceShouldshetakemyadviceVII.倒装Manyatimemegoodadvice.A.MikehasgivenB.hasMikegivenC.MikedoeshavegiveD.doesMikehavegivenfromthegroundfloor.A.Upthemancame B.CameupthemanC.Themancameup D.Upcametheman,ifhedoesnotlearnheknowsnothing.A.BeamaneversocleverB.AmaniseversocleverC.SocleverasamaneverisD.NomatterhowcleverbeVIII.主谓一致Thenumberoarticlespublishedoncanceramazing.A.areB.havebeenC.isD.beTheoldwelllookedafterbythegovernment.A.isB.areC.beingD.hasHowcloseparentsaretotheirchildrenastronginfluenceonthecharacterofthechildren.A.haveB.hasC.havingD.tohaveWhatyourpolitics?A.isB.hasC.areD.haveThechoirunabletomakeuptheirminds.A.seemsB.stillC.seemD.remains©2010GrammarReview3Radiostodayseldomneedortheattentionofatechnician.A.torepair B.repairedC.repairing D.tohaverepairedChocolatemanufacturesblendmanytypesofbeanstoyieldandcolordesiredinthefirstproduct.A.theshape B.theflavorC.thefunction D.thebrandMagiciansusetechniquesfromscienceandtheartstodeceivethemindandeye.A.generously B.geneticallyC.cleverly D. subsequentlyItisagreatpityfortobeanyquarrelintheschoolboardmeeting.A.where B.hereC.there D.whyTogetthebestviewofSydneyHarbor,takeaSydneyseaplaneflighttheHarborandBondiBeach.A.above B.underC.over D.acrossIftheyhadsentachecktothetelephonecompanylastweek,theirtelephoneoutofserviceatthismoment.A.willnotbe B.willnothavebeenC.wouldnotbe D.wouldnothavebeenTheextensivesurveysuggestedthattheirassumptionstotallywrong.A.were B.beC.was D.wouldbeTheissueattheconferenceisveryimportantanditwillcreateasensationnationwide.A.discussed B.beingdiscussedC.isbeingdiscussed D.hasbeendiscussedUndoubtedly,winstheelectionisgoingtohaveatoughjobgettingtheeconomybackonitsfeet.A.anyone B.whoC.whoever D.everyoneEffectivepreventionagainstphysicalharmshasneverbeenurgentlyneeded,especiallyinschools.A.more B.asC.such D.quiteMichaelStone,beingadiligentstudent,neverrefusestomoreresponsibilitiesthatareassignedtohim.A.takeup B.takeinC.takeoff D.takeonArecentsurveysuggestedthatifmoneywerenotanissue,mostmothersnottoworkatall.A.shouldprefer B.preferC.wouldprefer D.preferredBecomingawareofourmother’sage,notjustinnumbersofyearsbutherpsychologicalandphysicalstate,oftenhelpsustounderstandherbetter.A.inspiteof B.onaccountofC.intermsof D.bymeansofTheATMsenablebankcustomerstoaccesstheirmoney24hoursadayandsevendaysaweekATMsarelocated.A.wherever B.wheneverC.however D.whateverThenewlyreleasedmoviewasastoarousesomuchsensationamongtheyoungpeople.A.so B.suchC.much D.veryEveryyear,thousandsofcollegestudentsapplyfortheCCTVCupEnglishSpeech.A.Argument B.QuarrelC.Debate D.ContestToday,sp