新高考英语人教版一轮组合练（十三）阅读理解＋阅读七选五

组合练(十三)阅读理解＋阅读七选五Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·湖北八校第一次联考)Thismaterialistakenfromabrochureofayouthhostel(青年旅社)atOxford,UK.Food&drinkBreakfastIt'sthemostimportantmealoftheday!Fillyourbootsfor￡6.25.Served7：30to9：30a．m.Mon.toFri.&till11：00a．m.onweekends.BarOpendailyforallyourdrinkingneeds,featuring...Tea,coffee,fruityciders,finewine,softdrinks,bees&muchmore!FoodmenuDeliciousmealsareserveddailyuntil8：30p．m.,justplaceyourorderatourReception.DiscoverOxford!WehaveticketsavailableforOxfordSightseeingToursandvisitstoBlenheimAskusformoredetails!Wi－FiISFREE(availableonthegroundflooronly)PleaseregisterwithTheCloud.Shh...Wearen'tallnightowls(andneitherareourneighbours)PLEASEhaveagreattimebutkeepnoisetoaminimumbetween11p．m.and7a．m.FORYOURSAFETYPleaseensureyourroomislockedatalltimes.Takethetimetofamiliarizeyourselfwiththefireevacuationnoticeinsideyourroom.Pleasenotesmokingisnotpermittedanywhereinthebuilding.LEAVINGTODAY?Ourcheckouttimeis10：00aNOTAMORNINGPERSON?Pleaseaskusaboutlatecheckout.Pleasenote,thereisa￡5chargeforeveryroomkeythatislostordamaged.PLEASEHELPUSRECYCLECans,plasticandpapercanberecycledintheselfcateringkitchenandinbinsinthedoorwaytothegarden.[语篇解读]本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了青年旅社的饮食、住宿以及安全等相关信息。1．Onwhichdaydoesthishostelstillservebreakfastat10：30?A．Monday. B．Thursday.C．Wednesday. D．Saturday.解析：细节理解题。根据Food&drinkBreakfast部分第三句“Served7：30to9：30a．m.Mon.toFri.&till11：00a．m.onweekends.”可知，周末早饭的供应时间延续到上午11点整。由此可知，这个青年旅社周六上午10：30仍然提供早饭。故选D答案：D2．Whatcantravelersdointhishostel?A．Throwapartyatmidnight.B．Smokeinthetoilet.C．Havebreakfastforfree.D．ConnectWi－Fionthegroundfloor.解析：细节理解题。根据Wi－FiISFREE部分中的“availableonthegroundflooronly”可知，游客只能在一楼使用免费的Wi－Fi。故选D。答案：D3．Whattimearetravelersnormallyexpectedtocheckout?A．10：00a．m. B．7：00a．m.C．9：30a．m. D．11：00a．m.解析：细节理解题。根据LEAVINGTODAY？部分“Ourcheckouttimeis10：00a．m.”可知，答案：AB(2021·潍坊高考模拟)DuringtheCOVID－19crisis,eventhesimpleactofbuyinggrocerieshasbeenpletelytransformed.Forseniors,thistaskisevenmorechallenging.ConcordiaUniversity'sACTprojectteamhasjoinedwithmunitypartnersintheneighbourhoodtofillthisgap.They'verapidlycreatedanewprogram—COVIDTheprogramusesamodelthatpairsvolunteerswithseniors,basedonavailabilityandlanguage.ThosevolunteersaretrainedbyACT'steamviavideoconferencingandthengivenalistofolderadults.Thevolunteercallstheindividualsandtakestheirorder,workingwithgroceryofferingsofaProvigostoreintheareA．Whenthecallisover,theordergetssenttoProvigo,whichgathersanddeliverstheordertothesenior.Itwon'ttaketheplaceoftheworkofthefoodbank;seniorsarepayingfortheirgroceries.Thereisalsoanimportantsocialelementinthecall,whichdoublesasafriendlycheck－in.Thevolunteerchatsabitwiththesenior,whomaybeverylonelyandanxious.Onevolunteersaysithasalsobeenarewardingexperienceandgiveshertheopportunitytohelpotherswhilestayingathome,whichtheyareallbeingencouragedtodo.Theprogramisaresponsetoanumberoffactors,includingthefactthatmanyolderadultsareonafixedineandmaynothavetheInternetaccessneededtoordergroceriesonline.Itistargetingseniorswhoaren'tabletoaccessNewHope'susualmealsonwheelsservice.Sofartheprojectisasuccess,withagrowingnumberofvolunteersandseniors.Asforwhat'snext,ConcordiaisoptimisticbutacknowledgesthattheteamwillneedtobenimbletoacmodatethechangingrealitiesoftheCOVID－19pandemic.Weareatacriticaltimeandweneedtodoeverythingwecan,together,tohelpout.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在加拿大新冠肺炎疫情期间帮助老年人在商店下单购物的一个志愿者服务项目，该项目使老年人和志愿者双方都有受益。4．Whatdothevolunteersdotohelptheseniors?A．Helpthempaythebill.B．Sendtheirordertothestore.C．Writeashoppinglistforthem.D．Delivertheirgroceriestothedoor.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thevolunteercallstheindividualsandtakestheirorder,workingwithgroceryofferingsofaProvigostoreintheareA．Whenthecallisover，theordergetssenttoProvigo,whichgathersanddeliverstheordertothesenior.”可知，志愿者们先通过联系这些老年人，记下他们订购的商品，然后与当地的商店合作，将订单发送给商店，商店再对订单上的商品进行搜集，最后递送给老年人，故选B。答案：B5．Whatcanweinferabouttheprogramfromparagraph3?A．Itbenefitsbothsides.B．Ithelpsthestoresurvive.C．Itgoesbeyondexpectation.D．Itencouragespeopletopurchaseonline.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thevolunteerchatsabitwiththesenior，whomaybeverylonelyandanxious.Onevolunteersaysithasalsobeenarewardingexperienceandgiveshertheopportunitytohelpotherswhilestayingathome...”可知，在这个项目中，孤独、焦虑的老年人可以和志愿者聊天，志愿者也认为这是有益的经历，可以让他们待在家里的同时又有机会帮助别人，因此可推断，这个项目是使双方都受益的，故选A。答案：A6．Whomightbethepotentialclientoftheprogram?A．Daisyaged45withaheavydebt.B．Davidwhoenjoysmealsonwheelsservice.C．Alexanderaged75witharetirementpension.D．Elspethwhoknowsnothingaboutonlineshopping.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Itistargetingseniorswhoaren'tabletoaccessNewHope'susualmealsonwheelsservice.”可知，该项目的服务对象是不会使用通常的上门送餐服务的老年人，故选C。答案：C7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nimble”inparagraph5probablymean?A．Flexible. B．Beneficial.C．Accessible. D．Qualified.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“acmodatethechangingrealitiesoftheCOVID－19pandemic”可知，团队需要考虑新冠肺炎疫情期间不断变化的现实，由此可知，画线词的意思最接近flexible“灵活的”，故选A。答案：AC(2021·济南高三模拟)Tellingsomeonetheyarenothiredisneveraneasyjob,butallhiringmanagerswillfacethisdifficultsituationmanytimesintheircareers.Whileeveryonefearsdenialsonsomelevel,itisimportanttounderstandthatnoteveryonewillfitinwitheveryjob.Further,therearetimeswhentheapplicantqualitywillbesogreat,adecisiontorejectanapplicantmaynotstandforthatapplicant'sabilitiesbuttheoverallqualityofthefield.Thereareanumberofmethodsthatcanbeusedtogetthemessageacrossthatapersonisnothired.Inmanycases,especiallyforthosewhohaveneverbeencalledforaninterview,asimpleformlettermaybesufficient.Inothercases,wheresomeonemayhavebeencalledforaninterview,aphonecallorlettercouldbechosentodeliverthemessagethattheywerenothired.Incaseswheretheremaybeanongoingrelationshipwiththepersonnothired,itmaybebesttobreakthenewsinperson,thoughthishastheobviouspotentialofbeingmoreunfortable.Aboveall,itisbesttoalwaysbehonestwiththosewhodidn'tgetthejob.Lyingisneveracceptable.Generally,itisnotagoodideatotellsomeonespecificreasonswhytheyarenothiredforajob.Thiscanonlyleadtoresentment(怨恨)andregret.However,theremaybespecifictimeswhenthiscouldbeagoodideA．Forexample,ifanapplicantispromisingandthehiringmanagerbelievesanotherpositionwillbeopeningupthatsuitstheapplicant'sskills,thiscouldbeawaytoletthatpersonknowtheymaysoonhaveanotheropportunity.Inallcases,evenifyoufeelsomeonehascheatedtoobtainaninterview,neverbehaveinawaywhichshowsyouaresuperiortothem.Thisisunprofessionalandreflectsverypoorlynotonlyonthehiringmanager,butontheorganizationasawhole.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作为招聘主管，如何礼貌并专业地告知一位申请者其被拒绝的事情。8．Whyaresomeapplicantsrefusedaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Theyareinterestedinotherfields.B．Theyaren'tqualifiedfortheposition.C．Theyareafraidofmakingdecisions.D．Theylackthecouragetofacefailures.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“itisimportanttounderstandthatnoteveryonewillfitinwitheveryjob”可知，不是每个人都适合做每份工作。由此可推知，一些申请者被拒绝是因为他们不适合那个职位。答案：B9．Howmayanot－interviewedapplicantbeinformedoftherejection?A．Byreceivingaformalphonecall.B．Bygettingasimpleformletter.C．Bycheckingamessageonline.D．Byattendingapersonalmeeting.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“forthosewhohaveneverbeencalledforaninterview，asimpleformlettermaybesufficient.”可知，许多情况下，特别是对于那些从未被要求面试的人，一封套用信函就够了。答案：B10．Inwhatcasewillapplicantsbetoldexactlywhytheyarenothired?A．Theyregretapplyingforthejob.B．Theydemandspecificexplanations.C．Theymaybecapableofanotherpost.D．Theyhavesubmittedfalseinformation.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“itisnot...ifanapplicantispromisingandthehiringmanagerbelievesanotherpositionwillbeopeningupthatsuitstheapplicant'sskills...anotheropportunity”可知，如果申请人非常有潜力，而且招聘主管认为另一个职位将会适合申请人，那么就会给他们解释原因并告诉他们有别的机会。答案：C11．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthepositionofhiringmanagers?A．Itcallsforprofessionalskills.B．Itattractstheapplicantsmost.C．Itdoesn'tallowforanymistake.D．Itrequireshonestyandambition.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“evenifyoufeel...neverbehaveinawaywhichshowsyouaresuperiortothem.Thisisunprofessionalandreflects...asawhole”可知，即使你觉得有人为了获得面试机会而作弊，也不要表现得高高在上，盛气凌人。这不仅反映招聘主管不专业，也反映了整个单位的不专业。故可推知，招聘主管应具备专业的技能。答案：AD(2021·八省市联考模拟卷)Theaveragebear,itseems,isgettingeversmarter.First,itturnedoutthatatleastonecanuseab.Nowitappearsthatsomecancount,too.JenniferVonk,ofOaklandUniversity,inMichigan,andMichaelBeran,fromGeorgiaStateUniversity,setthreeAmericanblackbearsthetaskofdistinguishingbetweennumericallylargerandsmallergroupsofdotsAstheresearchersreportinAnimalBehavior,thebearsdidbestwithpatternswherethecoloureddotsdidnotmoveandwheremoreofthemalsotookupalargercolouredareA．Thiscouldbeexplainedbythebears'distinguishingthedifferentareasofcolourratherthantrulycountingthedots.However,thethreebearsmanagedtopickoutthebiggernumberofdotseveninpairsofpatternswherefewerdotstookupalargerareA．Movingpatterns,whereeachdotfolloweditsownpatharoundthescreen,weremoreofachallenge.ButBrutus,atleast,wasnotdefeated.Heseemedtobecountingmobiledotsevenwhenthescientiststriedtomisleadhimbymovingthetotalcolouredareaofthedotsatthesametime.Itisnotentirelysurprisingthatbearsshouldhaveahighdegreeofintelligence.Theyfacealotofchallengeswhentryingtogetfood.Theyare,however,alwaysalone,andsodonothavetheplexsocialsystemsthatcontributetoanimalsmarts.Perhaps,then,theirmathsskilldevelopedbecausetheycannotcountontheirfriendsforhelp.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。通过实验向人们证明熊也是有智力的。12．Whattaskdidthescientistssetforthethreebears?A．Distinguishingdifferentdotpatterns.B．Figuringoutdifferentcoloursofdots.C．Puttingthedotsintodifferentlycolouredgroups.D．Pickingoutthegroupwithalargernumberofdots.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...setthreeAmericanblackbearsthetaskofdistinguishingbetweennumericallylargerandsmallergroupsofdotsonaputerscreen.”可知，科学家让三只熊辨别电脑屏幕上数量多或少的点组。答案：A13．Forthebears,thetaskwaseasierwhen．A．thecoloureddotsweremovingslowlyB．thedotpatternswereregularinshapeC．thedotsfollowedapathonthescreenD．moredotscoveredalargercolouredarea解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...thebearsdidbestwithpatternswherethecoloureddotsdidnotmoveandwheremoreofthemalsotookupalargercolouredareA．”可知，当彩色点不移动，而且彩色点越多(的组)占据大的彩色区域时，熊的表现最好(分辨能力最好)，即熊的任务就最容易完成。答案：D14．Whatmayexplainthebears'highdegreeofintelligence?A．Theylearnskillsfromotheranimals.B．Theyfacelifechallengesontheirown.C．Theyfeedonadiverserangeoffood.D．Theyhaveplexsocialnetworks.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...ahighdegreeofintelligence.Theyfacealotofchallenges...Theyare,however,alwaysalone,andsodonothavetheplexsocialsystems...Perhaps,then,theirmathsskilldevelopedbecausetheycannotcountontheirfriendsforhelp.”可知，熊是独居生物，没有复杂的社会关系网，需要独自面对许多生活上的挑战，这促进了它们的智力发育。答案：B15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．BearsTaughttoDistinguishColoursB．NewEvidenceofBearIntelligenceFoundC．ThreeBearsLearnedHowtoCountD．TheSmartestAmericanBlackBearBrutus解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Nowitappearsthatsomecancount,too.”及最后一段中的“...ahighdegreeofintelligence”并通读全文可知，本文用实验证明了熊具有较高的智商，故B项作标题最恰当。答案：BⅡ.阅读七选五(2021·济南5校高三教学质量检测)WandaAustin,aninternationallycelebratedengineerandaerospaceindustry(航空航天工业)leader,hasbeenapartoftheSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)industrysinceherearliestprofessionaldaysworkingatRockwellInternational.16Raisedinalow－ineneighborhoodintheBronx,Dr.Austinalwaysfavoredmathinschoolaboveallelse;shefoundfortinthefactthatmath'sanswerscouldn'tbeargued.17Itwasn'tuntilshestartedworkingasanengineeringtutorwhenreceivingthehighereducationthatsherealizedwhatshereallywantedtobeoccupiedin:STEM.AustinbeganworkingatAerospaceasoneofthefewfemaleengineers,atrendthathasn'tchangedmuchbetweenherstartatthepanyin1982andnow.18ThesuccessintheGPSsatellite,AirForcemunicationsandthePentagon'sglobalnetworkofstrategicmunications,allledtohereventualpromotiontoCEOandPresidentofAerospace.19HermostrecentmitmentistomotivatethenextgenerationoflearnerstostudySTEMdisciplines,asshehopestoserveasarolemodelforyoungwomenandminoritieslookingtogodownsimilarpaths.Andshe'sstartedprogramstostrengthenSTEMlearningforeveryone.Austin'sadvic