九年级英语语法丨宾语从句精讲精练

九年级英语语法丨宾语从句精讲精练宾语从句的用法(一)宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子,九年级学生主要学习的是由that,if,whether引导的宾语从句。1.当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,由that来引导从句,其中的that无具体意义,在口语中可以省略。如:IbelievethatIcangetgoodresultsinthismathtest.我相信在这次数学测试中我能取得好成绩。Ibelievethatourteamwillwinthebasketballmatch.我相信我们队会在这场篮球比赛中获胜。TheteachersaidthatLiLanisaworking-hardchild.老师说李兰是一个努力学习的孩子。AcademicianZhongNanshansaidthatweshouldtakethenewepidemicsituationseriously.钟南山院士说我们应该认真对待新的疫情。AcademicianLiLanjuansaidthataftertheendoftheepidemic,thenationalshouldsetupacorrectlifeorientationandacorrectoutlookonlifeforyoungpeople.李兰娟院士表示，疫情结束后，国家应该为青少年树立正确的生活取向和人生观。2.当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，可用if或whether来引导,意为“是否”。从句部分用陈述语序。如:MymotheraskedmeifIwenttothelibraryyesterday?妈妈问我昨天是否去图书馆了。Theteacheraskedhimif/whetherheunderstoodtheproblem?老师问他是否理解这道题了。3.宾语从句的时态:如果主句是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态可根据具体情况而定;如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句也常用相应的过去时态。如:Iknow(that)LiLeiisahard-workingstudent.我知道李雷是一个努力学习的学生。Iknow(that)hewillgotoBeijingtomorrow.我知道他明天将去北京。Hesaidhismotherwouldvisithisgrandmother.他说他妈妈将去看望他外婆。4.如果宾语从句表示客观事实或真理时,其时态不受主句限制,一律用一般现在时。①Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeast.地理老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。②Thephysicsteachertoldusthatthespeedoflightisfasterthanthatofsound.物理老师告诉我们光速比音速快。③Mothersaidtheearthgoesaroundthesun.妈妈说地球绕着太阳转。【练一练】一、用that,what,how,if或whether填空。1.WangHongsaid_____shewascookingatsixyesterdaymorning.2.lwonder____lcangetsomeadvicefromyou.3.Idon'tknow____ornottheywillcometohelpus.4._____usefultheiPhoneXRis!ButIcan'tafordit.5._____awonderfultalentshowtheyperformedinourschoolyesterday!6._____nicechildrenSimonandJimare!TheyhelpMrs.Licleanthehouseeveryday.7.Ourgeographyteachersaid____theearthgoesaroundthesun.8.______dangerousitisforachildtoswimaloneinariver!9._____anexcitingbasketballmatch!MiamiHeatbeatNewYorkKnicksatlast.10._____goodadvicetheteachergaveme!二、将下列句子合并为含宾语从句的复合句。1.AreyoufromAmerica?Heaskedme._____________________________________________________________2.Sheisagoodgirl.Theteachertoldus.___________________________________________________3.Theearthisround.Momtoldme.______________________________________________________________4.Jackgavemeabookyesterday.Iremember.______________________________________________________5.WilltheyleaveforBeijingnextweek?Iwonder.________________________________________________________________三、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。1.你知道格林先生是否来自美国吗?Doyouknow_____Mr.Green____fromAmerica?2.多么优美的音乐!我非常喜欢它。______________!Ilikeitverymuch.3.托尼工作多么努力啊!_________Tony__________!4.Idon'tknow_____themoviestar________ornot.5.她说她一周后要飞往日本。Shesaid_____she______________Japaninaweek.宾语从句的用法[二]一、特殊疑问句的宾语从句当宾语从句是由连接代词who,whom,whose，what,which或连接副词where,when,how,why等引导的特殊疑问句时,这时特殊疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词,从句部分要用陈述语序。如:Iwanttoknowhowtousethiscomputer.我想知道如何使用这台电脑。ldon'tknowwhatheis.我不知道他是做什么工作的。Shedidn'tknowwhereshewouldgo.她不知道她要去哪里。Nooneknowswherehecomesfrom.没有人知道他来自哪里。二、宾语从句与简单句的转换在宾语从句中,当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,我们可以把特殊疑问句充当的宾语从句转换成复合不定式短语,在句中作及物动词的宾语。如:①WillyoupleasetellmehowIcangettheseinformation?=Willyoupleasetellmehowtogettheseinformation?请你告诉我怎样获得这些信息好吗?②CanyoutellmewhenwewillarriveinBeijing?=CanyoutellmewhentoarriveinBeijing？你能告诉我我们将在什么时候到达北京吗?三、只用whether不用if的情况①引导介词后的宾语从句时。laminterestedinwhetherhejoinsthearmy.我对他是否人伍感兴趣。②直接与ornot连用时。Ican'tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontime.他能否准时来，我说不准。I'mnotsurewhetherornotMaryiscomingtomybirthdayparty.我不确定玛丽是否会来参加我的生日聚会。③引导动词discuss后的宾语从句时。They'rediscussingwhetherweshouldvisittheSummerPalacetomorrow.他们正在讨论我们明天是否去参观颐和园。④宾语从句前置于句首时。Whetherthisistrueornot,I'mnotsure.这是不是真的，我不敢肯定。WhetherheisgoingtoAustralia?Idon'tknow.他是否要去澳大利亚?我不知道。【注意】①在用if会引起歧义时也只能用whether。Pleasetellmeifhecancometomybirthdayparty.这句话可以理解为:“如果他能来参加我的生日聚会，请告诉我。”或“请告诉我他能否来参加我的生日聚会。”如果表达第二种意思，只能用whether。②与动词不定式连用时也只能用whether。TomorrowmotherwilltelluswhethertotraveltoBeijing.明天妈妈将告诉我们是否去北京旅游。四、宾语从句应注意的事项1.宾语从句一定要用陈述语序。MymotheraskedmewhenwewouldhaveanEnglishtest.我妈妈问我什么时候会有一个英语测试。2.宾语从句的否定前移当主句是般现在时，主语是第一人称w.Ei主句谓语动词是表示“想，，认为"等意义的动词，如think,believe,suppose等时，若后面的从句是否定意义。从句的否定般要转移到主句中，即:否定前移。其反意疑问句的人称和时态通常与宾语从句一致。①Idon'tthinkLiMingisanhonestchild，ishe?我认为李明不是个诚实的孩子，是吗?②Idon'tthinkhecanplaythepiano，canhe?我认为他不会弹钢琴，对吗？③Idon'tbelieveheisclever,ishe?我认为他不聪明，是吗?3.宾语从句不能省略that的情况在that引导的宾语从句中，连接词that只起引导作用，无具体意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，因此在口语或者非正式文体中常常省略。但在下列情况中不能省略：(1)句中出现两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时。由并列连词连接的两个或多个that引导的宾语从句，只有第一个从句中的that可以省去，其余并列宾语从句中that全要保留。Tomsaid(that)hehadfinishedreadingthebookandthathewouldreadanotherone.汤姆说他已读完了这本书,想再读一本。【拓展】当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或从句中时，that不能省略。Mostpeoplecouldn'tbelievethatwhathehadwrittenwastrue.大多数人不相信他所写的是真的。(2)that从句中又有其他从句时。IwanttoknowthatifyouaregoingtoBeijing。我想知道你是否去北京。Iamafraidthatifyou'vebrokenit,youmustpayforit.你如果损坏了它，恐怕必须赔偿。(3)it作形式宾语代替that引导的宾语从句时。Theytookitforimportantthatwewouldhelpthem.他们认为我们帮助他们很重要。(4)当宾语从句的主语是this,that或者被this,that修饰时。Shesaidthatthisbookwasveryuseful.她说这本书非常有用。Hetoldusthatthatwaswhyhewaslate.他告诉我们那就是他迟到的原因。(5)当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。LiLeitoldmethathewouldputsomesignsontheenvelope.李雷告诉我，他会在信封上做一些标记。(6)当宾语从句前有插入语时。Wetoldhimonceagainthatthiswouldneverhappen.我们再次告诉他，这种事情绝不会发生。4.宾语从句的简化(1)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时，从句可简化为动词不定式结构。IhopethatIcanvisittheGreatWall.=IhopetovisittheGreatWall.我希望能观长城。(2)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know，remember,forget,learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。Ididn'tknowhowIcoulddealwithit.=Ididn'tknowhowtodealwithit.我不知道怎么处理这件事。(3)当主句的谓语动词是see,watch,hear等感官动词时，从句可简化为“宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语为不带to的动词不定式或者动词-ing形式。Amysawthewalletwaslyingonthefloor.=Amysawthewalletlyingonthefloor.爱米看见钱包躺在地板上。(4)宾语从句有时也可简化为名词或名词短语。Wedon'tbelievewhatthegirlsaid.=Wedon'tbelievethegirl'swords我们不相信那个女孩所说的话。【温馨提示】宾语从句还可以简化为“it+形容词+动词不定式短语”的形式。IfoundthatitwasimportanttolearnEnglishwell.=IfounditimportanttolearnEnglishwell.我发现学好英语很重要。Ifinditeasytoworkouttheproblem.我发现解出这道题很容易。【练一练】一、根据句意,用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空。1.--Doyouknow____themanwithsunglassesis?一I'mnotsure.Maybeareporter.2.Henevertoldus____helivedwith.3.MissGreendidn'ttellusWh_she'livedin2002，butnowshelivesinourschool.4.Canyoutellme____hedidnotturnoffthelightwhenhelefttheclassroom?--Doyouremember____hecamehere?-OfcourseIdo.Hisfatherdrovehimhere.6.-I'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow____itwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.二、单项选择。()1.-Canyouguess___theNikesportsshoes?一Yes,maybeheaskedhisgrandpatopayforthem,Ithink.A.howdidhepayforB.howhepaidforC.whydidhebuyD.whyhebought()2.Couldyoutellme______amomentago?A.whatweretheytalkingaboutB.whataretheytalkingaboutC.whattheyweretalkingaboutD.whattheyaretalkingaboutl（）3.wonder____Janegetsonsowellwithherclassmates.---Becauseshealwayscaresmuchaboutothers.A.whetherB.whoC.whenD.why().SheaskedmeifIknew____A.whosepenisitB.whose,penitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit()5.Couldyoutellme____A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing三、按要求完成句子,每空一词。1.WhichmoviedidyouwatchlastSunday?(用couldyoutellme改为宾语从句)Couldyoutellme_____lastSunday?2.Pleasetellmewherewecanbuyourtickets.(改为同义句)._______________________________________________________________3.WheredoesAlicelive?(用Idon'tknow改为宾语从句)Idon'tknow_____Alice_______.4.Whatwillhedoto.protecttheanimals?(用IaskedMike改为宾语从句)IaskedMike_____he____dotoprotecttheanimals.5.Whenwillthefootballmatchstart?(用Annawantstoknow改为宾语从句)Annawantstoknow____thefootballmatch_____________.四、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。1.你能告诉我你在家是怎么帮助你的父母的吗?Canyoutellme____________yourparentsathome?2.你能告诉我从这个地方到凯里民族体育馆有多远吗?Canyoutellme___________________fromthisplacetoKailiNationalStadium?3.我不知道他什么时候会回来。Idon'tknowwhenhe____________.4.我们想知道他为什么没有做足够的锻炼。Wewanttoknowwhyhedidn't_______________________.5.你知道他教什么科目吗?Doyouknow____subjecthe_____?【宾语从句精题精练】五、将下列句子合并为含有宾语从句的复合句。AreyoufromAmerican?Heaskedme._____________________________________