过去分词学案

B7Module5Grammar过去分词I.过去分词作定语[例句展示]仔细观测下列句子中的过去分词的使用方法。1.Therecoveredanimalswillbereleasedsoon.2.Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.3.Papercutsusedforreligiouspurposesareoftenfoundintemples.4.Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.5.Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.=Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.[自我归纳]1.过去分词作定语时，表达的动作在__________之前发生，已经完毕并具有________意义（见句1）。此时，作定语的过去分词一般是由__________动词变来的，由于只有此类动词才有被动意义。2.单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词______（见句1、句2）。______作定语要放在被修饰的名词背面，作后置定语，表达被动或完毕，其作用相称于一种_______（见句3、句4、句5）。[拓展]1.不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表达被动意义，只强调动作完毕。如：fallenleaves落叶；retiredworkers______________；therisensun____________。2.假如被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，虽然是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的背面。如：ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.3.过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相称于一种非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverseenatrain.[辨析]过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别：动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是_________关系，表达动作____________；而过去分词作定语时，则表达________或________意义。如：1.Lookatthatrunningdog.2.Whoisthegirlwritingaletterthere?3.ThebookwrittenbyLunXunisverypopular.II.过去分词作表语[例句展示]仔细观测下列句子中的过去分词的使用方法。1.Thestreetislinedwithsmallshops.2.Tomwasastonishedtoseehisfather.[自我归纳]过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成____________构造，表达主语的性质、特性和_______。(一)用合适形式填空。1.Theanimalandplantsthattheyfoundtherewere(astonish)2.Iwas(astonish)tolearnthathislonglostchildhadbeenfound.3.Thenewsmadeus(disappoint)4.ThemotherwenttovisitEinstein.(puzzle)5.Thefiercelionlooks(frighten).Keepawayfromitscageoritwillattackyou.(二)单项选择。1.TheEmperor’sNewClothesisan______text.Allofusare______aboutit.A.exciting;exciting B.excited;excitedC.excited;excitingD.exciting;excited2.—I’mvery______withthedishIcooked.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.—Mm.Itdoeshavea______smell.A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasant D.pleased;pleasant3.Ihavereadplentyofbooks______byLuXun.A.written B.wroteC.writes D.writing4.Lilyseemsverymuchinthemagazine,butIthinkit’stooexpensive.A.interestedB.interestingC.tointerestD.tobeinteresting5.Allthepassengersshouldremainwhentheplaneismakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.tobeseatingD.seated6.Thecomputercenter,_____lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened7.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_____bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay8.—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?—Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand_____bythecustomers.A.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made9._______Englishisdifferentfrom______Englishinmanyways.A.Spoken;writtenB.Speaking;writtenC.Spoken;writingD.Speak;write10.Thewoman________thereunderthetree,_______inablueshirt,isourheadmaster.A.sitting;wearingB.sitting;dressedC.seating;dressedD.seated;dressing11.Sandy,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimeto____beforetheparty.A.getchanged.B.getchange.C.getchanging.D.gettochange.12.Whathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparentsare_____him.A.disappointing;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby13.MrSmith,____ofthe___speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring14.Assoonassheenteredtheroom,thegirlcaughtsightoftheflowers____byhermother.A.buyingB.beingboughtC.wereboughtD.bought15.---Awomanwaskilled.---Whereisthebodyofthe______woman?A.murderB.murderedC.murderingD.havingmurdered16.The___lookonthegirl’sfacesuggestedthatshe___suchbadnews.A.surprising,wouldexpectB.surprised,shouldexpectC.surprising,shouldn’thavebeenexpectedD.surprised,hadn’texpected17.You’llfindtheword"psychology"_______under"P"inyourdictionary.A.havelistedB.listC.listedD.listingIII.宾语补足语目前分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语(即积极关系);过去分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系)。e.g.Iheardsomeonecallingme.Iheardmynamecalled.巩固练习1._______(污染的)airandwaterareharmfultopeople’shealth.2.Theproblem________(在会议上讨论的)yesterdaywasverydifficulttosolve.3.Hebecame____(兴奋)whenheheardhehadwonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.4.Iam______(感爱好)inthestory.5.Ihaven’tgotthefilm________(冲洗)yet.6.Doyouknowtheman_______(站)besidethedoor?改错：7.Abreakingcupislyingonthefloor.8.Themeetingholdsyesterdaywasveryimportant.9.WhenIenteredtheroom.IfoundMaryseatingbesidemymother.10.Whentheywokeup,theyfoundtheworldoutsidecompletelychanging.选择：11.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome____.A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted12.Youcanmakeyourself___inEnglishprettywellifyoukeeponspeakingthelanguage.A.understandBunderstandingC.tounderstandD.understood13.Hetriedto_______inJapanese.A.understandhimselfB.makehimselfunderstandingC.makehimselfunderstoodD.maketounderstand14.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey___theproblemistomeetthedemand__bythecustomers.A.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made15.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehadit___oftenenough.A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained16.Heglancedoverather,___thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.havingnotedB.notedC.tonoteD.noting17._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing18.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimeto____beforetheparty.A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange19.Thediscdigitally____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded20.Theflowers______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmeltIV.过去分词短语作状语过去分词作状语可表达时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。这种过去分词状语相称于于一种时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等状语从句,若过去分词作状语,句子的主语与分词所示的动作构成动宾关系,即是该分词动作的承受者。1.过去分词作____状语Greatlymovedbythefilm,theyallcried.Surroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.2.过去分词作状语,表达_____状况或方式。Thetrainerappeared,followedbysixlittledogs.Hewalkedupanddowntheroom,lostinthought.Filledwithextraordinarystrength,heraisedhimself.3.过去分词作状语,还可以表达:Givenmuchtime,wecoulddoitbetter.（_____）Whenheated,icecanbechangedintowater.（_____）过去分词作状语与目前分词作状语的区别在于:过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系,而目前分词与句子主语构成主谓关系。W:Seeinginthislight,thematterisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.R:Seeninthislight,thematterisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose练习：1.___inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose2.If___thesametreatmentagain,he’ssuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven3.__in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding4._____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn’tseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared5.___time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given6.___inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed7.Unless___tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited8.When_____,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.

A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted9.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.

A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun10.____forhisexpertadvice,Holmeswasabletohelpagreatnumberofpeoplewiththeirpersonalaffairs.A.HewasknownB.WellknownC.HavingknownD.Beenknown用括号中所给词的合适形式填空。1.Theteachbuildings_____(build)in1960needrepairing.2.Ifoundmyschoolbag____(leave)inMary’sroom.3._______(give)moretime,I’llfinishmyworkontime.4.Comparedwith_________(develop)countries,westillhavealongwaytogo.5.TheEnglishteacherenteredtheroom,_________(follow)byhisstudents.单项选择：(

)1._______moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.(90’全国)

A.Given

B.Togive

C.Giving

D.Havinggiven.

(

)2.Thecomputercenter,________lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.

A.open

B.opening