新高考英语二轮复习课时练第3部分书面表达与短文改错专题5第2 微观解析分类突破 (含解析)

第2讲微观解析分类突破考向一短文改错之错词命题命题角度一动词的错用考点1谓语动词的错用设错方向解题思路针对训练时态的错用1.在带有时间状语的句子中要看谓语动词的时态与该时间状语是否一致。2.在平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常是一致的。关键问题是看and，or等后的动词与前面的哪个动词并列，一定要辨别清楚。3.固定句型中谓语动词的时态要牢记。前面语法填空专题已讲解。4.完成时态中的过去分词不要误用作其他形式。1.(2022·安徽安庆示范高中联考)Ieq\f(have,had)seenthecleaningwomanseveraltimesbeforewehadthequestionnaire.2.(2021·全国乙)Ialsowatertheflowersintheyardandeq\f(tidying,tidy)upmyownbedroomwhenevernecessary.3.Nosoonereq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(had))hefinishedhistaskthanwewentoutforadrink.4.Westudentshavehadmanytestsorexams.Wehavebothachievedsuccessandeq\f(suffer,suffered)fromfailure，butdifferentstudentshavedifferentattitudestowardsfailure.语态的错用1.构成被动语态的过去分词写成了过去式或现在分词。2.主动语态中多了be及其变形，或被动语态中缺失be及其变形；系动词没有被动语态；不及物动词或短语无被动语态。5.(2022·广西桂林、梧州一模)Onlyinthiswaycanabalancebetweentheenvironmentandtheeconomyeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(be))achieved.情态动词的错用1.情态动词后要跟动词原形。2.表示对过去的推测时其后跟“have＋过去分词”。6.(2020·全国Ⅰ)TodayItriedcookingasimpledishmyself.Ilikeeatingfriedtomatoeswitheggs，andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.虚拟语气的错用1.条件从句中的虚拟语气：应注意表示与现在、过去或将来相反时从句谓语动词的形式。2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气：在表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”等词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。3.“It’s(high)timethat”从句的谓语动词用一般过去式或“should＋动词原形”。7.IfIeq\f(was,were)you，Iwouldfollowourteacher’sadvice.8.It’shightimethatyoueq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(should))或eq\f(go,went)tothestationtopickupourboss.主谓一致的错用主语是单数形式，谓语却用复数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语却用单数形式，导致主谓不一致的情况。9.(2021·全国甲)Oneofthequestionseq\f(are,is)：Whowillyougotointimesoftrouble？考点2非谓语动词的错用设错方向解题思路针对训练非谓语动词与谓语动词的误用句中已有谓语动词，且另一动词不作并列谓语或从句谓语，则只能用非谓语动词。1.Goodmorning，everyone！Ifeelhonoredtobestandinghere，eq\f(share,sharing)myopinionsontherelationshipbetweentheenvironmentandtheeconomy.动词-ing形式与-ed形式的误用动词-ing形式表示主动、进行；动词-ed形式表示被动、完成；动词-ing形式转化的形容词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物；而动词-ed形式转化的形容词表示“感到……的”，常修饰人。2.(2022·安徽安庆示范高中联考)Ihandedinmypaperwiththelastquestionnoteq\f(answering,answered).不定式的误用不定式的多余：感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。不定式的缺失：有些动词，如want，decide，plan等后应接带to的不定式作宾语。3.(2022·河南大联考三模)Inaddition，westudentswereaskedwhatmeasuresweshouldtakeeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))savefoodinourdailylife.介词后动词形式的误用介词之后往往跟doing作宾语。要留意有些短语以介词to结尾，如：devote...to，beaccustomedto，getusedto，objectto，lookforwardto，contributeto等。4.(2019·全国Ⅲ)IfIsucceedineq\f(manage,managing)one，Iwillopenmore.作主语的非谓语形式的误用动词原形不能作主语或宾语，往往使用doing或者todo形式作主语或宾语。5.Ithinkeq\f(work,working)foranewspaperandreportingfromallovertheworldarereallyexciting.命题角度二名词的错用设错方向解题思路针对训练名词数的错用1.表示单一概念的可数名词，要用单数。2.可数名词前有all，many，alotof，different，afew，some或者超过“一”的数词等修饰时，名词要用复数形式。3.不可数名词没有复数形式。常见的有：advice，news，information，progress，fun，weather，music，health，luck等。1.(2021·全国甲)Manystudentssaytheywilltalktotheireq\f(friend,friends)orclassmatesbecausethey’reofthesameageandcanunderstandeachother.2.(2020·全国Ⅲ)Mymomisreallyconcernedwiththehealthofeveryoneinoureq\f(families,family).3.(2022·云南普洱期末统测)Ihopethatmorepeoplecanparticipateintheactivitytoadvertisetheeq\f(importances,importance)andbenefitsofenvironmentalprotection.名词格的错用1.误把名词用作名词所有格：表示“……的”应用所有格形式；名词可以作定语的不用所有格形式。2.所有格形式用错：名词所有格是在名词后直接加’再加s，以s结尾的单词只加’。4.WhenIwaslittle，eq\f(Friday's,Friday)nightwasourfamilygamenight.5.Weacceptedtheinvitationwithoutaeq\f(moment,moment's)hesitation.6.Theparkisneartoourhotel，whichisonlyfiveeq\f(minute's,minutes')walk.名词形式的错用1.不要把名词误用作形容词，名词作表语时，一般与主语是同位关系，而形容词作表语则是对主语的描述。2.不要把名词误用作动词，在介词和冠词后常用名词。7.(2019·全国Ⅰ)Toeveryone’seq\f(surprising,surprise)，theballwentintothenet.8.Thebuildingundereq\f(construct,construction)willbeasupermarket.命题角度三形容词和副词的错用设错方向解题思路针对训练形容词和副词的混用1.副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，在句中作状语。2.形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词，表示事物或人的性质或特征。3.-ing形容词一般表示“令人……的”，往往修饰物，而-ed形容词一般表示“感到……的”，往往修饰人。1.(2021·全国乙)What’smore，doinghouseworkcanbeaformofeq\f(mentally,mental)relaxationfromstudy.2.(2022·安徽阜阳期末质检)Iwaseq\f(amazing,amazed)bymyefficiencyandthoughtaboutthereasons.形容词和副词等级的误用1.句子本身没有比较或者是同级比较，误用了比较级；有比较级的标志than但误用了原级。2.句子里有最高级的提示词却用了比较级，或者句中有比较级的提示词却用了最高级。3.单音节形容词、副词和一些双音节形容词、副词，变比较级加-er或-r，变最高级加-est或-st，但句中却使用了more或者most。3.IarrivedattheofficeanhourmoreearlierthantheothersonMondaymorning.4.What’sworse，someevenloseheartandnolongerstudyaseq\f(harder,hard)asbefore.形近副词的混用要留意常弄混的一些副词：hard刻苦地，hardly几乎不；late迟于，later以后，lately最近；most极其，mostly主要地。5.(2021·全国甲)Inmyopinion，whenintrouble，weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrusteq\f(mostly,most).6.(2022·江西萍乡质检)SoIworkedeq\f(hardly,hard)thissummervacation.连接副词的混用however表转折，therefore表结果；beside在旁边，besides表示并列关系。7.(2022·河南部分学校大联考)Bydoingvoluntarywork，studentsrealizetheimportanceofsocialworkandenhancetheirsocialresponsibility.eq\f(Therefore,However)，notallthevoluntaryactivitiesaresuitableforstudents.Group1达标练1．(2022·广西桂林、梧州一模)Everyonecanhelpfighteq\f(pollutions,pollution)bythefollowinggoldenrule：reduce，reuseandrecycle.2．(2022·河南部分学校联考)Beingvolunteersisofgreatbenefittostudents，eq\f(give,giving)themasenseofachievementwhentheyarehelpingothers.3．(2022·河南大联考三模)Ieq\f(sincere,sincerely)hopethedetailsmentionedabovewillbeofusetoyou.4．Trulyartisticpaintingsotherthancalligraphy(书法)cameintoeq\f(exist,existence)duringtheQinDynastyandmaturedintheWeiandJinperiods.5．(2022·陕西西安五模)NowIunderstandeq\f(be,being)amotheroftwoisnoteasyworkasIthought.6．(2022·安徽阜阳期末质检)Thatactslikeastimulus，encouragingorforcingyoutoeq\f(focusing,focus)onyourwork.7．(2022·安徽芜湖期末质监)AllanStewart，afamouseq\f(Australia,Australian)legend，wasbornonMarch7th,1915.8．(2022·安徽芜湖期末质监)Successfully，hegothismaster’sdegreein2006whenhewasattheageof91，theeq\f(older,oldest)one，creatingaworldrecord.9．(2022·云南普洱期末统测)Asamemberofhumanbeings，Iameq\f(sure,surely)willingtoprotectthewildlife.10．(2022·四川泸州期末联考)Theysayitiseq\f(too,so)farawaythattheywillnotseemeforawholeyearandtheyareafraidthatIwillfeellonely.Group2真题练1．Heshowedmehowhismedicalinstrumentseq\f(was,were)used.(2022·全国甲)2．However，afterIwenttohighschool，somehowIeq\f(become,became)distantfromhim.(2022·全国甲)3．Iwasunwillingeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))talkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnoteq\f(stay,staying)outwithmyfriendstoolate.(2022·全国甲)4．Weallknowthatcyclingisaeq\f(greatly,great)exercise.(2022·全国乙)5．Adoctortellsmepeoplewhoeq\f(lives,live)thelongestaredancersandcyclists.(2022·全国乙)6．Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswitheq\f(bicycle,bicycles).(2022·全国乙)7．Mymomtoldmehowtoeq\f(preparing,prepare)it.(2020·全国Ⅰ)8．NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywitheq\f(chopstick,chopsticks).(2020·全国Ⅰ)9．I’meq\f(surely,sure)you’llhaveagoodtime.(2020·全国Ⅱ)10．Istoppedtheballandkickediteq\f(hardly,hard)backtotheplayground.(2019·全国Ⅰ)AMrZhangisoneofmyfavoritehighschoolteacher.Heisaverypatientteacher，whooftenexplainsuseverythingcarefullytomakehimunderstood.He’salsosuchkindandfriendlythatwealwaysturntohimforhelp.Dealwithstudentscanbeannoyingsometimes，buthenevercomplained.Besides，healwaysexploresnewwaystomakehislessonsattractively.Aboveall，MrZhangisconstantlyencouragedustogetinvolvedinclassroomactivities.Hemakesmetorealizeteachingisaverymeaningfulprofession.That’sbecauseI’mdeterminedtobeateacherlikehiminthefuture.答案MrZhangisoneofmyfavoritehighschooleq\f(teacher,teachers).Heisaverypatientteacher，whooftenexplainseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))useverythingcarefullytomakeeq\f(him,himself)understood.He’salsoeq\f(such,so)kindandfriendlythatwealwaysturntohimforhelp.eq\f(Deal,Dealing)withstudentscanbeannoyingsometimes，buthenevereq\f(complained,complains).Besides，healwaysexploresnewwaystomakehislessonseq\f(attractively,attractive).Aboveall，MrZhangisconstantlyeq\f(encouraged,encouraging)ustogetinvolvedinclassroomactivities.Hemakesmetorealizeteachingisaverymeaningfulprofession.That’seq\f(because,why)I’mdeterminedtobeateacherlikehiminthefuture.BOnMother’sDaywecanshowourmothersourthank.LastMother’sDay，Ihadthegoodtimewithmymom.Igotupearlyinthemorningandcookadeliciousbreakfast.Mymomsaiditwasawonderfullybreakfast.Afterthat，wewenttotheparkandtookonlotsofpictures.Theskywasbluebuttheairwasfresh.Werentedaboatrowaroundthelake.Attheendofthatday，Isaidtoyourmom，“Thankyou，mom，Iwillloveyouforever.”Whathappyshewas.Ihopeeverymothercanspendapleasedtimewithherbelovedchildren.答案OnMother’sDaywecanshowourmothersoureq\f(thank,thanks).LastMother’sDay，Ihadeq\f(the,a)goodtimewithmymom.Igotupearlyinthemorningandeq\f(cook,cooked)adeliciousbreakfast.Mymomsaiditwasaeq\f(wonderfully,wonderful)breakfast.Afterthat，wewenttotheparkandtookonlotsofpictures.Theskywasblueeq\f(but,and)theairwasfresh.Werentedaboateq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))rowaroundthelake.Attheendofthatday，Isaidtoeq\f(your,my)mom，“Thankyou，mom，Iwillloveyouforever.”eq\f(What,How)happyshewas.Ihopeeverymothercanspendaeq\f(pleased,pleasing/pleasant)timewithherbelovedchildren.强化练(三十五)短文改错(2)A(2022·河南洛阳统考)Ilovesports.MyfriendsandIoftenplayfootballinmyout-of-classactivities.TodayIfinishmyPEtest.Asaboy，Iwasjoinedintwoparts，thelongjumpandthe1,000mrace.Iwasbetteratthe1,000mrace，wheretookme5minutesand20seconds.ButIdidn’tdowellatthelongjump.Ionlyjumped4.5meter.Ilovesportssomuchbecausetheycannotonlymakemybodystronger，andalsoletmekeepoptimisticallthetime.Whileexercised，Icangetastrongsenseofsuccessful.Icangetexcitedandconfident.Inword，sportsaremyfavorites.答案Ilovesports.MyfriendsandIoftenplayfootballineq\f(my,our)out-of-classactivities.TodayIeq\f(finish,finished)myPEtest.Asaboy，Iwasjoinedintwoparts，thelongjumpandthe1,000mrace.Iwasbetteratthe1,000mrace，eq\f(where,which)tookme5minutesand20seconds.ButIdidn’tdowelleq\f(at,in)thelongjump.Ionlyjumped4.5eq\f(meter,meters).Ilovesportssomuchbecausetheycannotonlymakemybodystronger，eq\f(and,but)alsoletmekeepoptimisticallthetime.Whileeq\f(exercised,exercising)，Icangetastrongsenseofeq\f(successful,success).Icangetexcitedandconfident.Ineq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))word，sportsaremyfavorites.B(2022·安徽淮南一模)KeepTrafficSafetyinMindToraisestudentsawarenessofroadsafety，onetrafficpoliceofficerwasinvitedtogiveusalectureintheschoolhalltheotherdays.Atfirst，anofficerpresenteduswithsometypicalcasesoftrafficaccidents，whichgreatlyshockallthestudents.Then，heanalyzedwhatledtotheaccidentsandstressedthesignificantoffollowingtrafficrules.Finally，tomakeallthestudentsatpresentunderstandthetrafficregulationsbetter，heinterpretedthemindetail.Sovaluablethelecturethatallthestudentsbenefitedconsiderable.Werealizedwhattoavoidbeinginjuredontheroadandthattheyshouldattachgreatimportancetoobeyingtrafficrulesaswell.答案KeepTrafficSafetyinMindToraiseeq\f(students,students')awarenessofroadsafety，onetrafficpoliceofficerwasinvitedtogiveusalectureintheschoolhalltheothereq\f(days,day).Atfirst，eq\f(an,the)officerpresenteduswithsometypicalcasesoftrafficaccidents，whichgreatlyeq\f(shock,shocked)allthestudents.Then，heanalyzedwhatledtotheaccidentsandstressedtheeq\f(significant,significance)offollowingtrafficrules.Finally，tomakeallthestudentsatpresentunderstandthetrafficregulationsbetter，heinterpretedthemindetail.Sovaluableeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(was))thelecturethatallthestudentsbenefitedeq\f(considerable,considerably).Werealizedeq\f(what,how)toavoidbeinginjuredontheroadandthateq\f(they,we)shouldattachgreatimportancetoobeyingtrafficrulesaswell.C(2022·山西朔州怀仁三模)Aftermygraduationin2015，IjoinedinanotheruniversityinShanghaiforfurtherstudies.Isawthatpeoplearemoremoderninthiscity.WheneverIwentoutwithhisChineseclassmates，Ialwayssawthempayingwiththeirphone.Withthehelpofmyclassmates，IfinalgotmyownaccountwithAlipay，anonlinepaymentservicelaunchingbyJackMa.Itwasveryconvenientandeasytouse.Howevertheamount，itcanbedoneonAlipay.Fromthousandstoonlyfewcents，allcanbeeasilytransferredwithatouchandtwo.Now，withthestartofanewera，Ialwaysgoesoutwithoutmywallet.答案Aftermygraduationin2015，IjoinedinanotheruniversityinShanghaiforfurtherstudies.Isawthatpeoplearemoremoderninthiscity.WheneverIwentoutwitheq\f(his,my)Chineseclassmates，Ialwayssawthempayingwiththeireq\f(phone,phones).Withthehelpofmyclassmates，Ieq\f(final,finally)gotmyownaccountwithAlipay，anonlinepaymentserviceeq\f(launching,launched)byJackMa.Iteq\f(was,is)veryconvenientandeasytouse.eq\f(However,Whatever)theamount，itcanbedoneonAlipay.Fromthousandstoonlyeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))fewcents，allcanbeeasilytransferredwithatoucheq\f(and,or)two.Now，withthestartofanewera，Ialwayseq\f(goes,go)outwithoutmywallet.D(2022·江西萍乡二检)DearTom，Knowingthatyouaregoingtoreturnyourowncountry，I’mwritingtoextendmysincerelygratitudeforyourhelpinmyEnglishlearning.Ifithasnotbeenforyourassistance，Iwouldn’thavemadesorapidprogress.WheneverIhadtroubleinlearningEnglish，youwerealwaystherehelpedme.However，thosebooksyougavemearealsoofagreathelptome.Iamfondofthemverymuch，fromthatIhavegotalotofknowledges.Again，Iwouldliketoexpressourthankstoyou.Wishyouasafejourneyhome.Yours，LiHua答案DearTom，Knowingthatyouaregoingtoreturneq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))yourowncountry，I’mwritingtoextendmyeq\f(sincerely,sincere)gratitudeforyourhelpinmyEnglishlearning.Ifiteq\f(has,had)notbeenforyourassistance，Iwouldn’thavemadeeq\f(so,such)rapidprogress.WheneverIhadtroubleinlearningEnglish，youwerealwaysthereeq\f(helped,helping)me.eq\f(However,Besides)，thosebooksyougavemearealsoofagreathelptome.Iamfondofthemverymuch，fromeq\f(that,which)Ihavegotalotofeq\f(knowledges,knowledge).Again，Iwouldliketoexpresseq\f(our,my)thankstoyou.Wishyouasafejourneyhome.Yours，LiHua考向二短文改错之综合命题命题角度一冠词设错方向解题思路针对训练冠词的混用1.a和an的混用。请牢记此口诀：用a用an这样辨，不看字母看音素，见了原因(元音音素)，要施“恩(n)”。请注意下面两句话中的冠词：(1)Inauniversity，aEuropeanandaone-eyedmanwalkedalongaone-wayroadwithausefulthing.Thisisausualthing.(2)Anhourago，anhonestmanacceptedanunusualgiftandwenttofinishanhonorabletask.2.不定冠词和定冠词的混用：表示特指时用定冠词the；表示泛指时用不定冠词a(n)。注意固定搭配中冠词的使用情况。1.(2022·安徽安庆示范高中联考)Whateq\f(a,an)unforgettablelesson！2.Weshouldensurethedevelopmentstrategiesarefollowedineq\f(the,an)environmentallyfriendlyway.冠词的多余1.若某个词是名词复数、专有名词、抽象名词、物质名词，或已经有了限定词，前面不适合加冠词，应把位置空下来，形成“零冠词”。2.很多不用冠词的固定搭配需要牢记。3.(2022·江西景德镇三检)Facingsomanyinterestingextracurricularactivities，westudentshaveatroublechoosingtheproperones.4.(2022·江西新余二模)ShekepttellingmeshebelievedIwouldmakeagreatprogressoneday.冠词的缺失1.一般来说，单数可数名词前应有适当的冠词，表示泛指用a(n)，表示特指用the。2.复数可数名词如果有定语修饰表示特指也要用the。3.注意固定短语和搭配中冠词不可缺失。5.(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)Ateq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(the))endofeachday，shewillbringthemouttothemainpartoftheshop.6.Icangetexcitedandconfident.Ineq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))word，sportsaremyfavorites.命题角度二代词设错方向解题思路针对训练代词的错用1.人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词等都有单复数之分，要根据上下文确定是用单数还是用复数。2.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，不能单独使用，常用来修饰名词；名词性物主代词相当于名词，常单独使用，不能修饰名词。3.人称代词表示“谁”，而物主代词表示“谁的”，切忌混用。4.反身代词是指代主语的，指动作的发出者把动作反射到本人身上。若所用代词与主语不一致，就要用人称代词而不用反身代词。5.如果文中出现了代词，那么它所代替的词一定存在于上文的某处，要注意它们的一致性。例如，前面如果是男性单数，后面要用he，him或his取代。6.常见的不定代词有many与much，some(thing)与any(thing)，other与another，表示两者的both，either和neither，表示三者或三者以上的all和none等，需要掌握其用法，不能混用。1.(2022·广西桂林、梧州一模)Undoubtedly，it’seq\f(your,our)dutytoprotecttheenvironmentwhileweaimforeconomicdevelopment.2.(2020·全国Ⅲ)Itellmymomthatifwe’reforcedtoeatthings，wemaybecomeill.Buteq\f(he,she)insistsonuseatinghealthyfood.3.(2022·河南大联考三模)eq\f(Both,All)oftheseactivitieswereaimedatraisingourawarenessofsavingfood.4.What’smore，youhavetobefriendswithyourpupilsandtakegoodcareofeq\f(him,them).5.(2022·江西景德镇三检)However，oppositevoicescanalsobeheard，claimingthatrecreationalactivitieswastetooeq\f(many,much)time，andthereforemaykeepstudentsfromfocusingonhisorherstudy.6.BecauseoftheheatIstayathomemostofthetimeduringthesummervacationandonlyoccasionallygotothebeachtogeteq\f(me,myself)intothecoolwater.代词的多余代词的多余常存在于定语从句中，若关系词在从句中作宾语，此时就不能再用it，him或them等作宾语了。7.Thecarthatmyunclehadjustboughtitwasdestroyedintheearthquake.代词的缺失主要是人称代词与物主代词的缺失。若缺少主语，则考虑是否用人称代词，还要根据上下文考虑名词前是否缺少物主代词。形式宾语it也经常被漏用。8.Atlast，Iwillbeonmyown，butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowhenevereq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(I))needhelp.命题角度三介词设错方向解题思路针对训练介词的错用1.介词基本用法的错用：有时我们会受汉语的影响而错用介词，例如：在墙上(有一个洞)，英语应用inthewall而不是onthewall。2.固定搭配中介词的错用：介词可与名词、动词、形容词等构成固定搭配，其中的介词是固定的。有时搭配中的介词不同意义也不同。1.(2022·河南大联考三模)AnexhibitionofChineseCalligraphywhichwaswrittenbystudentswasdisplayedeq\f(on,in)theschoollibrary.2.(2022·陕西西安五模)Ashewastooyoungtobeleftalone，Ineededtofocusmyattentioneq\f(to,on)himconstantly.3.ButIdidn’tdowelleq\f(at,in)thelongjump.Ionlyjumped4.5meters.介词的多余1.及物动词后无需加介词直接跟宾语。2.this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each等词构成的时间短语，单独作状语时，前面不用任何介词。4.Youcanalsochoosetomakechangesinfamousdramastoenterintothecompetition.5.Bob’swifetoldhimthathehadforgottenhiswalletinthatmorning.介词的缺失1.不及物动词后需要加介词才能跟宾语。2.作定语的不定式中，动词如果是不及物动词，或不定式修饰的名词或代词是不定式动词的地点、工具等，不定式后要有相应的介词。6.Hefedthesnakeonmiceandgaveitahugeareaintheiryardtoliveeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(in)).命题角度四连词并列句和复合句是增加句子长度，使句子变得复杂且丰富的有效手段。但在使用中要注意并列连词和各类从句引导词的用法。设错方向解题思路针对训练并列连词的错用与多余1.并列连词的错用：常见的并列连词有and(表示递进、并列或顺承)，but(表示转折)，or(表示选择)，so(表示因果)等。应根据逻辑关系选择适当的连词。2.并列连词的多余：同一个句子中although/though和but不能同时使用，because和so也不能同时使用。1.(2020·全国Ⅰ)FirstIcutthetomatoesintopieceseq\f(but,and)putthemaside.2.Thoughnotverybig，buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.定语从句关系词的错用与缺失1.关系代词that与which的错用：在非限制性定语从句中关系代词用which，介词后用which；在不定代词、最高级、序数词后用that。特别注意：what不能引导定语从句。2.关系代词与关系副词的错用：关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；关系副词作状语。3.关系词的缺失：在therebe句型中经常考查，容易受汉语影响而漏用关系词who/that/which。3.(2022·河南部分学校大联考)Nowadays，moreandmorepeoplehavetakenpartinvoluntarywork，eq\f(that,which)isasignofsocialprogress.4.(2020·全国Ⅲ)Understandinghergoodintentions，Ieatallthefoodeq\f(what,that)isprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.5.(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)Atthebackoftheshopisabigroomeq\f(which,where)anotherladyworks.名词性从句连接词的错用、缺失与多余1.从属连词与连接代词、连接副词的错用：从属连词不作成分，而连接代词、连接副词作成分。2.连接代词与连接副词的错用：连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，而连接副词在从句中作状语。3.从属连词that的缺失：that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般不能省略，引导宾语从句时可省略。4.连接词的多余：一个从句只能有一个连接词，即使这个连接词可以省略，也不能再用其他连接词。6.eq\f(That,What)youshoulddoismakefullpreparationsforit.7.(2022·广西桂林、梧州一模)Foronething，it’sunavoidabletodamagetheenvironmentthatwhilewedeveloptheeconomy.8.I’vealsorealizedeq\f(what,how)difficultitisformyparentstosupportourfamily.9.Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeiseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(that))shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.状语从句连接词的错用1.应根据逻辑关系判定是何种状语从句，并选择适当的连接词。2.不要把介词误用作连接词，例如：despite，during等为介词，不能引导状语从句。3.应注意常见的固定句式中连接词的使用。10.(2021·全国甲)Inmyopinion，eq\f(where,when/whenever/if)introuble，weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmost.11.eq\f(Despite,Although/Though)itmightsoundstrange，hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.12.Jackissotalleq\f(which,that)hecanreachthefloweronthewall.强调句结构的错用强调句结构为：It’s...that/who...，有时与定语从句或名词性从句混用，而把that错用。13.It’snotwhatyousaybutwhatyoudoeq\f(which,that)matters.Group1达标练1．(2022·河南部分学校大联考)Therearemanydifferentkindsofvoluntaryactivitiesstudentscanparticipateeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(in)).2．(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)Everytimemyuncleenters，theywillsayhelloeq\f(for,to)himwarmly.3．Ilovesportssomuchbecausetheycannotonlymakemybodystronger，eq\f(and,but)alsoletmekeepoptimisticallthetime.4．TraditionalpaintingtechniqueslasteduntiltheendoftheQingDynasty，whenmodernpaintingtechniquesstartedtochallengethetraditionaleq\f(one,ones).5．(2022·江西景德镇三检)Itisnumerousactivities，suchasspokenEnglishcompetitions，sportsevents，andclubsofdifferentinterests，eq\f(which,that)helpmakecampuslifecolorfulanddiversified.6．(2022·江西萍乡质检)Butasasecond-yearseniorstudent，Ihadtoprepareforthecollegeentranceexaminationeq\f(what,that/which)wasonlyayearaway.7．(2022·江西新余二模)IstillrememberthedaywhenItoldherIhadfailedinamathtest.Toeq\f(her,my)surprise，shegavemeawarmhugandencouragedme.8．(2022·陕西宝鸡模拟)Isincerelyhopeyoucaninvestigatethisincidentandpropermeasuresshouldbetakentopreventsucheq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(an))incidenthappeningagain.9．(2022·陕西西安五模)Ihaveamuchyoungerbrotherwhoisonly2yearsold.Lastweek，mymotherwasbusycleaningthehouseandaskedmetotakecareofeq\f(himself,him).10．(2022·四川绵阳三诊)Mymotherisalwaysmyrolemodel.LastSunday，Ifoundthatsheputsomefoodintoeq\f(the,a)bagandwentoutwithit.Group2真题练1．Thedisagreementwassosharpeq\f(which,that)neitherhenorIkneweq\f(what,how)tosettleit.(2022·全国甲)2．Oneday，hetalkedwithmeeq\f(or,and)hopedtomendourrelations.(2022·全国甲)3．Withtheeffortsmadebyeq\f(all,both)sides，webegantounderstandeachotherbetter.(2022·全国甲)4．Maybeitisbecauseeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(of))thecombinationoffreshair，smoothmovementandexercise.(2022·全国乙)5.eq\f(Whether,If/When)yourideabicycle，youdon’tusepetrol.(2022·全国乙)6．Theyoftenrunathighspeeds，eq\f(what,which)mayputourlivesindanger.(2022·全国乙)7．Onlyafewchoosetodealwiththeproblemsoneq\f(our,their)own.(2021·全国甲)8．Inmyopinion，studentscanbenefitaloteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(from))doingsomehousework.(2021·全国乙)9．Ialsowatertheflowersintheyardandtidyupmyownbedroomeq\f(whatever,whenever)necessary.(2021·全国乙)10．Actually，IstartedtolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold，eq\f(for,but/yet)Ihavelongbeenoutofpractice.(2020·全国Ⅱ)A(2022·江西上饶六校联考)DearLily，I’mgladtohearthatyou’llvisitChinathissummervacation！Knowingthatyou’reamazingattraditionalChina，I’dliketorecommendmymostfavouritecity，Suzhou，toyou.Suzhou，referringastheVeniceoftheEast，isanattractivelycitylocatedinthesoutheastofJiangsuProvince.IthadbeenlistedbyUNESCOasaworldculturalheritage.TheClassicalGardensarethesymbolofthecity，thereyoucanhavebetterunderstandingofChina.Becausethesegardensarenotlarge，they’reuniquetotheirdesigns.Itbringtogetherthebeautyofnature，architectureandpainting.IbelieveyouwillenjoyyourtimeinSuzhou.Yours，LiHua答案DearLily，I’mgladtohearthatyou’llvisitChinathissummervacation！Knowingthatyou’reeq\f(amazing,amazed)attraditionalChina，I’dliketorecommendmymostfavouritecity，Suzhou，toyou.Suzhou，eq\f(referring,referred)astheVeniceoftheEast，isaneq\f(attractively,attractive)citylocatedinthesoutheastofJiangsuProvince.Iteq\f(had,has)beenlistedbyUNESCOasaworldculturalheritage.TheClassicalGardensarethesymbolofthecity，eq\f(there,where)youcanhaveeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))betterunderstandingofChina.eq\f(Because,Though/Although)thesegardensarenotlarge，they’reuniqueeq\f(to,in)theirdesigns.eq\f(It,They)bringtogetherthebeautyofnature，architectureandpainting.IbelieveyouwillenjoyyourtimeinSuzhou.Yours，LiHuaB(2022·山西大学附属中学三模)DearPenny，KnowingthatyouareconfusedaboutthecustomofgivinggiftsinChina,I’dliketosharewithsomesuggestionshere.Tobeginwith，themeaningofthegiftslieinvalueratherthanprice.Givingthat,you’dbetterfoundoutthepreferenceofyourhosts.Whencomestothecolorofwrappingpaper,blackorwhitemaynotbeadvisable,bothofthemareconsideredtobeunluckyinChina.Beside,it’sbadmannertopickaclockorapairofshoesforyourhosts.Finally,whatmakesthegiftsspeciallyisthebondbetweenthesenderandtherecipient.Thegiftstothehostsshouldnotbecost.Ihopethesesuggestionswillbeofgreathelptoyou.Yours，LiHua答案DearPenny，KnowingthatyouareconfusedaboutthecustomofgivinggiftsinChina,I’dliketosharewithsomesuggestionshere.Tobeginwith，themeaningofthegiftseq\f(lie,lies)invalueratherthanprice.eq\f(Giving,Given)that,you’dbettereq\f(found,find)outthepreferenceofyourhosts.Wheneq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(it))comestothecolorofwrappingpaper,blackorwhitemaynotbeadvisable,bothofeq\f(them,which)areconsideredtobeunluckyinChina.eq\f(Beside,Besides)，it’sbadeq\f(manner,manners)topickaclockorapairofshoesforyourhosts.Finally,whatmakesthegiftseq\f(specially,special)isthebondbetweenthesenderandtherecipient.Thegiftstothehostsshouldnotbeeq\f(cost,costly).Ihopethesesuggestionswillbeofgreathelptoyou.Yours，LiHua强化练(三十六)短文改错(3)A(2022·安徽蚌埠二检)Inmychildhood，myparentssendmetolearnChinesehandwriting，believingthatitcouldbenefitmegreat.However，thingswerequiteoppositetoourexpectations.NotonlydidIgetboredwithhoursofpracticeandIdoubtedthevalueofit.Butmylaterexperienceprovedthatpracticehandwritingwasofgreatuses.WhenIattendedtohighschool，handwritingbecamefantasticwayformetorelax.ItwasatthattimethatIrealizedwhatimportantitwastomasteracertainskill.Don’trefusetolearnaskillbecauseyouwillfinditveryhelplater.答案Inmychildhood，myparentseq\f(send,sent)metolearnChinesehandwriting，believingthatitcouldbenefitmeeq\f(great,greatly).However，thingswerequiteoppositetoeq\f(our,their)expectations.NotonlydidIgetboredwithhoursofpracticeeq\f(and,but)Idoubtedthevalueofit.Butmylaterexperienceprovedthateq\f(practice,practicing)handwritingwasofgreateq\f(uses,use).WhenIattendedtohighschool，handwritingbecameeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))fantasticwayformetorelax.ItwasatthattimethatIrealizedeq\f(what,how)importantitwastomaster