英语国家社会文化之US-social-life-and-culture

United

states

Chapter

4

social

life

and

cultureReligionFestivalEntertainmentLiteratureA

variety

of

religious

belief“In

God

we

trust”Highly

modern

and

industrialized

yet

one

of

the

most

religiousChristian

is

the

most

popular

religionDiversity

is

the

dominant

characteristicDiversity

in

religionWhy

do

people

go

to

church?Pilgrim’s

traditionsIdentify

themselves

with

dominant

valuesMake

friends

with

people

who

share

value!Today’s

religious

peopleGo

to

churchNot

a

strong

commitment

compared

to

traditional

European

countriesFestivalA

country

of

immigrantsA

diversity

of

festivals

from

different

culturesMeaning

of

festival:

RelaxShopping

Holiday

spiritsShared

values

and

traditions

as

AmericansUS

holidaysDo

you

know

any

American

festival

and

holiday?New

yearsDuring

the

winter

vacationPublic

holidayActivity?FireworksPartiesParadesSales

What

is

the

differences

and

similarities

in

the

new

year

celebration

in

China

and

US?

Why

are

there

such

differences?ChristmasA

European

traditionBrainstorm:What

comes

to

your

mind

when

you

think

about

Christmas?Christmas

tree

in

towns

and

city

centersShops

and

supermarkets

sell

Christmas

DecorationFamilies

will

decorate

their

housesChristmas

in

the

East

&

WestThanksgiving

FourthThursdayinNovemberAlmostfourhundredyearsago.TIMEIn1620,aboatfilledwithmorethanonehundredpeoplesailedacrosstheAtlanticOceantosettleintheNewWorld.I.

Origin

The

landing

of

the

MayflowerFirst

European

settlers

of

United

States-Pilgrims

In

September

1620,

some

religiousseparatistsseekinganewhomewheretheycouldfreelypracticetheirfaith,

andotherindividualsluredbythepromiseofprosperityandlandownershipintheNewWorldfledtheirhomeinEnglandtoescapereligiouspersecutionHarsh

winter

of

the

NortheastTheirfirstwinterintheNewWorldwasdifficult.Theyhadarrivedtoolatetogrowmanycrops,andwithoutfreshfood,halfthecolonydiedfromdisease.

The

native

Indians

&

EuropeansThefollowingspring,theNative

tribe

taughtthemhowtogrowcorn,anewfoodforthecolonists.Theyshowedthemothercropstogrowintheunfamiliarsoilandhowtohuntandfish.The

first

“Thanksgiving

Day”InNovember1621:

successful

harvest

Governor

organizedacelebratoryfeastandinvitedagroupofNativeAmericanallies.American’s“firstThanksgiving”—thefestivallastedforthreedays.Information

check!When

is

thanksgiving

celebrated?When

did

the

first

European

settlers

arrive?Who

helped

the

European

settlers

to

survive?Infollowingyears,manyoftheoriginalcolonistscelebratedtheautumnharvestwithafeastofthanks.II.

ModerndevelopmentAftertheUnitedStatesbecameanindependentcountry,Congressrecommendedoneyearlydayofthanksgivingforthewholenationtocelebrate.GeorgeWashingtonsuggestedthedateNovember26asThanksgivingDay.Thenin1863,attheendofalongandbloodycivilwar,AbrahamLincolnaskedallAmericanstosetasidethelastThursdayinNovemberasadayofthanksgivingIII.

Celebrations

TurkeyPumpkinpiesCornCranberrysauceThanksgiving

dinnerTurkey

Roasted,bakedordeep-fried…Synonymous

with

the

festivalPumpkin

pieCornTheuseofcornmeantthesurvivalofthecolonies."Indiancorn"asatableordoordecorationrepresentstheharvestandthefallseason.TheNative

Indiansusedthefruittotreatinfections.Theyusedthejuicetodyetheirrugsandblankets.Sweet-sourcranberrysauceVolunteering

activitiesCommunitiesoftenholdfooddrivesandhostfreedinnersforthelessfortunate.Parade

NewYorkCity’sThanksgivingDayparade

-PresentedbyMacy’sdepartmentstoresince1924marchingbandsperformerselaboratefloatsconveyingvariouscelebritiesgiantballoonsshapedlikecartooncharacters.Shopping:

Black

Friday

want

to

experience

a

real

thanksgiving?What

are

you

most

excited

about?IV.

Comparison

What

is

the

most

important

festival

in

China?

Can

you

find

any

similarities

or

differences

compared

it

with

the

Thanksgiving?

Spring

Festival

vs.

ThanksgivingSimilarities

Family

mealShopping

In

winter

Homecoming

Vacation

…Differences

Time

HistoryParade

Type

of

food…No

matter

where

you

are,the

holiday

spirit

is

the

same!V.

Critical

discussionSome

American

people

think

Thanksgiving

is

“the

national

day

of

mourning”.Do

you

know

why?Other

interesting

holidays

&

festivalsLabor’s

DayNational

DayValentine’s

Say

Halloween…Celebrating

popular

festivals

in

schoolsHalloween

party

Valentine’s

dayThanksgiving

and

holiday

seasonCelebrating

Chinese

FestivalsDaily

entertainment

Football

BasketballBaseball

Daily

creational

sportsGun

shootingGo

to

the

gymFilm

industry8

major

Hollywood

movie

companies环球影片公司(UniversalPictureCo.)派拉蒙影业公司(ParamountPictures,Inc.)20世纪福斯电影公司(20thCentury-FoxFilmCorp.)哥伦比亚影业公司(ColumbiaPicturesCorp.)华纳兄弟影业公司(WarnerBros.)米高梅公司(Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer)联美公司(UnitedArtistsCorp.)雷电华影业股份有限公司(RKO)Hollywood

Walk

of

FameHarry

potter

theme

park

in

Universal

Studio

CaliforniaIn

the

universal

studio

parkDo

you

like

Hollywood

movies?What

is

your

favorite

Hollywood

movies?Media

industryPrivateNews

freedomCan

media

always

remain

objective?

What

are

the

factors

that

may

contribute

to

media’s

bias?Literature-a

very

brief

outlineDemocratic

1776-1820

Write

about

the

new

country,

city

life

and

life

advice,

reality

of

the

societyRomantic

period

1820-1860Transcendentalist

movementFocus

on

personal

development

and

human

nature,

Individualism

Fantasy

stories,

metaphoric

themesDo

you

know

or

have

you

read

any

romantic

writers

and

their

works?Realism

1860-1914Realistic

portrayal

of

life

during

19th

century

USVigorous

criticismDo

you

like

literature

works

of

realism