语法填空应对策略(无提示词)(原卷版)2024高考英语一轮复习小题大题微技能精析精练(新高考版)

20语法填空应对策略(无提示词)【策略精析】策略回顾1：如何确定填何种冠词1.用定冠词the的常考点(1)特指某人或某事；(2)用在序数词或最高级前或用于only，very，same等词前；(3)用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前；(4)用在乐器名词前；(5)和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。(6)用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。2.用不定冠词a/an的常考点(1)泛指一类人与物，表示概念“一”；(2)在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。3.固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前填冠词(1)定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：atthesametime，onthecontrary，totellthetruth，inthedistance，makethemost/bestof，onthespot等。(2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：catchacold，haveafever，allofasudden，asamatteroffact，asaresult，haveagiftfor，makealiving，have/takearest，givesbalift，haveagoodknowledgeof等。(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位(4)抽象名词具体化抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考到的有：surprise，pleasure，fort，danger，success，failure，beauty等。【典例分析1】(2020全国卷Ⅱ)Theplumtreesare70.____________firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化)．Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.答案the[句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。]【典例分析2】(2020浙江7月卷)Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then，with64.____________riseofscience，changesbegan.答案the[根据空后的riseofscience可知，此处是名词的限定性修饰，语意表示“科学的兴起”，故填定冠词the，表示特指。]【典例分析3】(2020浙江1月卷)AchildbornintheUstodayhas63.____________veryrealisticchanceoflivingbeyond100andneedstoplanaccording.答案a[根据下文的chance可知，这里语意表示“非常实际的一个可能性”，故填不定冠词，表示泛指。]【典例分析4】(2019全国卷Ⅰ)Of69.____________nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations，threearedeclining，six70.are(be)stable，oneisincreasing，andninelackenoughdata.答案the[此处特指确认的19个北极熊亚种群，故用定冠词the。]【典例分析5】(2019浙江6月卷)Everybodywears57.____________samestyleofclothes.答案the[此处特指校服的款式相同，thesame...“相同的……”。]【典例分析6】(2019全国卷Ⅱ)Whenwegotacall68.saying(say)shewasshort－listed，wethoughtitwas69.____________joke.答案a[joke“笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后用了单数joke，故其前用a。]策略回顾：如何确定填何种介词1.介词多义看语境(1)in表示情况、状态，意为“处在……中”；表示手段、形式、方式，意为“以，用”；表示服饰，意为“穿着，戴着”；表示范围、领域，意为“在……方面”。(2)with表示状态，意为“带有，具有”；表示手段、方法，意为“以，用”；表示关系，意为“和……在一起”；表示伴随，意为“随着”；表示原因，意为“因为，由于”。(3)by用于被动语态，表示“被，由”；表示“用，靠，凭借”；表示乘用交通工具。(4)for表示方向，意为“往，向”；表示对象，用途等，意为“为，给”；表示时间、距离、数量等，意为“计，达”；表示原因，意为“因为，由于”。(5)through表示位置，意为“穿过”；表示时间，意为“整个……”；表示手段、媒介，意为“依据，经由”。2.依据句式和搭配填介词(1)与动词搭配，如：remindsbofsth“提醒某人某事”；robsbofsth“抢劫某人某物”；gobackto/datefrom“追溯至……”；exchange...for...“交换……”(2)与名词或代词搭配，如：byaccident“偶然”；byoneself“靠自己”(3)与形容词搭配，如：becuriousabout“对……感到好奇”；beproudof“因……而自豪”【典例分析1】(2020全国卷Ⅲ)Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist70.____________earth，MotherNature.答案on[onearth在世上。]【典例分析2】(2020新高考卷Ⅰ)Museumsmustpete45.____________people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.答案for[根据语境可知，此处表达的是“为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞争”，petefor“为……竞争”，故应用介词for。]【典例分析3】(2020浙江7月卷)Sometimeafter10，000BC，peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived56.____________，throughagriculture.答案in[livein是固定词组，表示“在……地方生活”，故填in。]【典例分析4】(2020浙江1月卷)Thisagingofthepopulationisdriven59.____________twofactors.答案by[空处位于表示被动的动词后，故应该填by。]【典例分析5】(2019全国卷Ⅰ)Modernmethods63.____________trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid－1980s.答案of/for[methodsof/fordoingsth做某事的方法，故填of/for。]【典例分析6】(2018浙江6月卷)Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem，thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome65.____________dinner，getafewcookingtipsfromher.答案for[gotosomeplacefordinner“去某个地方吃饭”。介词for在此表示目的。]策略回顾3：如何确定填何种代词1.常见考法(1)如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作主语，可根据代指的情况用he，she或者it。(2)如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作宾语，可根据代指的情况用him，her或者it。(3)如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作主语，填they。(4)如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作宾语，填them。2.it的用法(1)指代天气、时间、距离等。(2)代替上文提到过的事物。(3)代替性别不明的婴儿、动物或不确定的某个人。(4)代替不定式、动名词或从句形式主语或形式宾语。(5)it的常用固定句型Itis/was＋被强调成分＋that＋其他It＋be＋adj.＋of/forsbtodosthItisnogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftimedoingsthItisapity/afact/nowonder/adj.＋that...Itseems/appears/turnsout/occurstosb＋that...Itissaid/reported/believed...＋that...Ittakessbsometime/moneytodosth主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep...＋it＋补语＋todosth/that...主语＋like/hate/love/appreciate...＋it＋从句【典例分析1】(2018浙江6月卷)Manywesterners57.whoetoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58.____________canbetoeatout.答案it[考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是toeatout。]【典例分析2】(2017全国卷Ⅱ)However，therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths，morethan25，000peoplewereusing67.____________everyday.答案it[指代前句中的therailway，故填it。]策略回顾4：如何确定填连词或引导词1.关系分析法分析设空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。(1)表示并列或递进关系的有：and，both...and...，notonly...but(also)．..等。(2)表示选择关系的有：or，either...or...，not...but...等。(3)表示转折或对比关系的有：but，while等。(4)表示因果关系的有：so，for等。IwasgladtomeetJennyagain，butIdidn’twanttospendalldaywithher.很高兴又见到詹妮了，但是我不想花一整天的时间和她在一起。Itmusthaverainedlastnight，foritiswetallover.昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都这么湿。2.句型法(1)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句(2)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(beabouttodo...when...,bedoing...when...,beonthepointofdoing...when...,hadjustdone...when...))Pleasesenduspostcardsandwe’llknowwhereyouhavevisited.请给我们寄些明信片，我们好知道你到过哪里。Wewerehavingaheateddiscussionwhentherewasafailurepower.我们正在热烈地讨论，突然停电了。【典例分析1】(2020新高考卷Ⅰ)Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig37.____________untiltheydied，andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.答案or[句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两种可能性，应使用连词or“或者”。故填or。]【典例分析2】(2020浙江1月卷)It’salsothattheyareonaveragehealthier65._________________moreproductiveforlonger.答案and[结合句意可知，healthier和moreproductive构成并列关系，故填and。]【典例分析3】(2019全国卷Ⅱ)IworknotbecauseIhaveto，67.____________becauseIwantto.答案but[not...but...“不是……而是……”。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。]3.定语从句:确定关系词设空处无提示词，而设空前的主句完整；设空后的句子不完整，且对设空前的某一名词或代词起限定作用，就要考虑填定语从句关系词。(1)分清限制与非限制在先行词的后面出现逗号的，是非限制性定语从句。①that不能引导非限制性定语从句。②which引导非限制性定语从句可代表主句的全部或部分内容，which意为“这一点”。③as引导非限制性定语从句，可置句中或句首，意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是beseen，beknown，bereported，bementioned，besaid，beoftenthecase等。Thelittleproblemsthat/whichwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.我们在日常生活中遇到的问题有可能是伟大发明的灵感。Theboywasawayfromhomeforaweek，whichworriedhisparentsverymuch.这个男孩离家出走一周了，这令他的父母很担心。Justasthesayinggoes，“Onetreedoesn’tmakeaforest.”正如谚语所说：“独木不成林”。(2)寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表时间，地点，还是原因)①先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose；②先行词指物：that/which/whose等；③表时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。Theannualcampusbookfairaimstoprovideaplatformwherestudentscanhaveachancetoexchangeandmakeuseoftheirbooks.一年一度的校园书展目的是为学生提供一个平台，使学生有机会交换和利用书籍。(2018浙江6月卷)Manywesternerswho/thatetoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.许多来到中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭多么便宜，他们就会比在自己国家做饭少得多。(3)判断所缺成分，确定关系词①缺少主语：that/which/who；②缺少动词的宾语：that/which/who/whom；③缺少介词的宾语：whom/which；④缺少定语：whose；⑤缺少时间、地点或原因状语：分别用when，where，why。Manytraditionalartsarelosingnowadays，someofwhicharebeingreplacedbymodernproducts.目前，许多传统艺术正在丢失，其中有一些正在被现代产品所取代。ThereasonwhyIdon’ttrusthimisthatheoftentellslies.我不相信他的理由是他经常说谎。(2018天津卷)Kate，whosesisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege，hasgonetoworkinAustralia.凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了，上大学时，我和她妹妹住在一个房间。【典例分析4】(2020全国卷Ⅰ)Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiomunicationwithaprobe，Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63.____________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.答案where[句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是aspot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。]【典例分析5】(2020全国卷Ⅲ)InancientChinalivedanartist61.____________paintingswerealmostlifelike.答案whose[句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。]【典例分析6】(2020新高考卷Ⅰ)The80，000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane，forexample，38.formed(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum39.____________openedin1759.答案which/that[句意：例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是theBritishMuseum，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。]【典例分析7】(2020北京卷)Someuniversitystudentscarriedoutacampaign4.____________theyspenttheirwholedaywithoutcellphone.答案where[分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为campaign，空格处在从句中作地点状语，故填where。]【典例分析8】(2019全国卷Ⅱ)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，62.____________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.答案which[分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，thepetshop是先行词，定语从句中缺少opened的宾语，故用which。]【典例分析9】(2019全国卷Ⅲ)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64._______________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.答案who/that[分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词theirmasters，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who/that。]【典例分析10】(2019浙江6月卷)Ontheedgeofthejacket，thereisapieceofcloth58.____________givesofflightinthedark.答案that/which[分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句。先行词为apieceofcloth，而且空格处在从句中作主语，所以用that或which来引导。][注意](1)不能忘记“介词＋关系代词”的使用3规则构成用法介词(短语)＋which/whom介词提前时，指物只能用which，指人只能用whom数词/形容词最高级/不定代词＋of＋which/whom表示部分与整体的关系the＋名词＋of＋which/whom表示所属关系，可转化为“whose＋名词”(2)注意并列句和定语从句的区别[辨析1]①Theyliveinasmallhouse,infrontof____________standsanorangetree.②Theyliveinasmallhouse，andinfrontof____________standsanorangetree.答案①which；②it[两句的区别是连词and，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，设空处为引导词表示物，故填which；句②and连接两个并列分句，设空处指代前面分句中的asmallhouse，故填it。][辨析2]①Theoldmanhasthreesons，noneof____________isadoctor.②Theoldmanhasthreesons，butnoneof____________isadoctor.答案①whom；②them[两句的区别是连词but，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，设空处为引导词表示人，故填whom；句②but连接两个并列分句，设空处指代前面分句中的threesons，故填them。]4.名词性从句：确定名词性从句的5方向方向1：不缺任何成分，且引导词无意义，常用that引导名词性从句①Thatyoudidn’tknowtheruleswon’tbeanexcuseforyourfailure.②Whenthenewscamethatthewarbrokeout，hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.方向2：不缺任何成分，且引导词表示“是否”，常用whether引导名词性从句，其中if可以用于宾语从句①Heaskedherthequestionwhethertheycanbefriends.②Ididn’tknowwhether/ifhewouldattendtheconcert.方向3：缺少主/宾/表语，用连接代词(which，what，who等)①Whenyouarereading，makeanoteofwhatyouthinkisofgreatimportance.②Whenopportunityknocks，pleaseanswerthedoor.Don’tkeepaskingwhoitis.方向4：缺少状语，用连接副词(where，when，why，how)等①Ihavenoideawhenhewillebackhome.②Howweunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.方向5：it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句要牢记①Itisannouncedintoday’snewspaperthatthepresidentwillpayavisittoChinanextweek.②IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget－together.【典例分析11】(2020浙江7月卷)Overthousandsofyears，theybegantodependlesson57.____________couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild，andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.答案what[根据语法结构可知，what引导宾语从句，作on的宾语，由于该宾语从句中缺少主语，同时空处表示“……的事物”，故填what。]【典例分析12】(2020天津卷改编)Thestudentpletedthisexperimenttomakeetrue____________ProfessorJosephhadsaid.答案what[句意：这个学生完成了这个实验，使约瑟夫教授所说的变成了现实。此处需要用what引导宾语从句。]【典例分析13】(2019全国卷Ⅰ)ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°，thereisevidence61.____________theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic，andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.答案that[本句含有一个同位语从句，解释了名词evidence“证据”的具体内容，空处在从句中不充当成分，也无意义，故本空填连接代词that。]【典例分析14】(2018全国卷Ⅲ)I’mnotsure61.____________ismorefrightened，meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.答案who[句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。]【典例分析15】(2018北京卷改编)Thisis____________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.答案what[句意：这就是父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，并且抱最大的希望。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，并在从句中作taught的宾语，故应用what。]【典例分析16】(2017北京卷改编)Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree－linedstreet，notknowing____________shewasheading.答案where[句意：简在绿树成荫的街道上漫无目的地走着，不知道去往哪里。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导宾语从句。]5.状语从句：根据句意及固定句式定引导词a.句意法确定状语从句引导词(1)while/when/as/since引导的时间状语从句(2)before/after引导的时间状语从句(3)if/unless/once引导的条件状语从句(4)though/although引导的让步状语从句(5)when/where引导的时间、地点状语从句Whenheknockedatthedoor，Iwasworkingatthetable.当他敲门时，我正在桌旁工作。Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.许多高楼在一年前还全是废墟的地方拔地而起。Shesaysthatshe’llhavetoclosetheshopunlessbusinessimproves.她说她不得不关闭此商品，除非生意得到改善。b.固定句式法确定状语从句引导词(1)连词before的意义及句型Itwillbe＋一段时间＋before...表示“多久以后才……”Itwon’tbe＋一段时间＋before...表示“用不了多久就会……”Itwon’tbelongbeforeweknowtheresultoftheexperiment.要不了多久我们就会知道试验的结果了。(2)连词since的意义及句型Itissometime(一段时间)＋since引导的时间状语从句＝Ithasbeensometime(一段时间)＋since引导的时间状语从句。该固定句型意思是“自从……以来已经多长时间了”Asisreported，itisover100yearssinceQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.据报道，清华大学建校已有一百多年了。(3)whether...or(not)．..“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句Whetheryoubelieveitornot，it’strue.无论你是否相信，这都是真的。【典例分析17】(2020全国卷Ⅲ)65．____________heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist，theysmiledand66.pointeddowntheriver.答案When/As[When/As在句中表示“当……时”。]【典例分析18】(2019天津卷改编)Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents’opinion____________hewantstheirsupport.答案unless[句意：汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。]【典例分析19】(2018北京卷改编)____________wedon’tstopclimatechange，manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.答案If[句意：如果我们不能阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动物和植物将会消失。故用if引导条件状语从句。]【典例分析20】(2017北京卷改编)Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething，youmayresearch，study，andtalktootherpeople____________youfigureitout.答案until[句意：如果你不明白某件事情，你可以研究，学习，也可以与其他人谈谈，直到弄明白为止。until“直到”，引导时间状语从句。]【策略精讲】1阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mostpeopledreamoflivinginabigexpensivehouse.ButTimSheajustwantedtofindaplace1couldbeehishome.This70yearoldhomelessmanhadspentseveralyearslivingonthestreetsuntilhebecamethefirstresidentofavillagefilled23Dprintedlittlehouses.Sheawaschosentobethefirstperson3(move)intomunityFirstVillage,a51acresiteinAustin,Texas.Thesmallhousesinthevillage,likeShea’s400squarefoothome,werebuiltbytheAustinbasedstartuppanyICON.Lifewasn'teasyforSheabefore4(live)inmunityFirstVillage.HelivedinanRV(野营车)formostofhislife.Thismade5(he)stayawayfrompeople.“Ithinkfrommy6(person)experienceofmyformerlifestyle,Idevelopedashell,”Sheasaid.“Ididn'tfeelsecure(安心的)andanytimeIhadtheopportunity，Iwouldhide.”Luckily,7(thing)changedwhenSheagothisnewhouse.Sincethen,hehasbeenmeetingnewpeopleandmakingfriends.“NoweverythingIdo8(be)justtheopposite.Ihavemanyactivitiestodoeverydaywithothers,”Sheasaid.Thehouses9(design)byICONhavesixdifferentlayouts(布局).Sheachoseahomewithanopenfloor.Thisway,10willbeeasierforhimtousehiswheelchair.2MeetAlexa,YourDigitalRoommateWhoisAlexa?SheisadigitalassistantthatispartofthevoiceactivatedEchoDot“smartspeaker”producedbyAmazon.ThisyearSaintLouisUniversityinMissourihasplacedoneofthespeakersineverydormroom

11itscampus.Studentscanaskthevirtualassistantanythingfrom“Whenarethefootballteamsplaying?”to“What’sthesquarerootof1440?”SLUstudentBrendanMcGuiresaid:“InsteadofsearchingontheInternetwhileI12(tap)awayatmyputer,IcanjustaskAlexa:HeyAlexa,askSLUwhat’sthemolecular(分子的)weightofwater?AndIcanhavetheanswerwithout13(interrupt)myprocess.”That’sexactly14schoolofficialshadinmindwhentheydecidedtoprovidethesmartspeakersfreeofchargeforstudents.“Thestudentsweattract15(drive)toachievesuccessinandoutoftheclassroom,”DavidHakanson,SLU’svicepresident,said.“Everyminutewecansaveourstudentsfromhavingtosearchfortheinformationonlineisanotherminute16(mit)totheireducation.’SaintLouisUniversityisthefirstintheU.S.

17(include)anEchoDotsmartspeakerineverycampuslivingspace.Othercollegeshavealsofoundwaystoofferthetechnologytostudents.ThisyearNortheasternUniversityinBostoninstalled60speakersinpublicplaces

18studentscouldgetanswerstomonquestions.AtArizonaStateUniversity,engineeringstudentslivinginthebrandnewresidencehallhavetheoptionofaddinganAmazonEchoDottotheirrooms.“Ourfocusisputtingthistechnologyintothehandsofourstudentsinaway19willbuildanecosystem.20supportsvoicetechnologiesthroughouttheASUcampus,”saidHeredia,adirectoratASU.3阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thissummer,haveyoubeensurprisedbywomenwearinghanfu,orHanstyleclothing,atsubwaystations,shoppingmallsorscenicareas?In2018,theCentralmitteeofthemunistYouthLeagueofChinasetthe21（three）dayofMarchintheChineselunarcalendar,22（traditional）thebirthdayoftheYellowEmperorastheannualTraditionalChineseGarmentDay.Sincethen,23beautyofhanfuhasgainedmoreandmorerecognitionandacceptancebymonpeople.Generally,hanfurefers24traditionalChineseclothingwornbytheHanethnic(民族的)groupbeforetheQingDynasty(1644—1911).Historically,HanChineseclothinghasalsoinfluencedsomeofitsneighboringculturalclothing,25(include)theJapanesekimono,Koreanhanbok,andclothingofMongolia,VietnamandBhutan.Hanfuappearselegantandbeautiful,26isnotonlyduetothethousandsofyearsofculturebehinditsbeautifuldesign,butalsobecauseofitsextraordinarycraftsmanship(工艺)3ndaesthetics(美学).Hanfuincludesmorethan30

27(example)ofChina'sintangible(非物质的)culturalheritageaswellasChineseartsandcraftsunder28(preserve).Hanfu29(represent)anaestheticforlivingandacontinuationoftraditionalChineseculture.Nowadays,moreandmorefashiondesignslooktohanfuforinspiration30(create)theirownbrand.4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。31（see）fromouterspace,Earthisablueplanet,duetothefactthattheoceancoversover70percentofitssurface.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalScience,theoceanplaysagreatrolein32（slow）downglobalwarming.Itis“33importantbuffer（缓冲物）”,34TheNewYorkTimesputit.Theoceanscanabsorb93percentoftheheattrappedbythegreenhousegases35humansreleaseintotheatmosphere.Andtheother7percent36（absorb)bytheair,landandicecaps,accordingtotheGuardian.“Iftheoceanwasn’tabsorbingasmuchheat,thesurfaceofthelandwouldheatupmuch37（fast）thanitisrightnow,”saidprofessorMalinL.PinskyatRutgersUniversityintheUS.“Infact,theoceanissavingusfromrapidwarmingrightnow.”However,theoceanitself,asDiscoverMagazinenoted,isheatingup40percentfasteronaveragethantheUnitedNations38（believe）fiveyearsago.Thatmeansiftheoceantemperaturesincrease39thisspeed,thehighwatertemperatures“willkilloffmarineecosystems,raisesea40(level)andmakehurricanesmoredestructive（破坏性的）”,theGuardianreported.5阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry41（grow）morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover42past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis43(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice44(improve)waterquality.Cornuses45(little)waterthanriceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased46(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal47(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment48(start)asoiltestingprogram49givesspecificfertilizerremendationstofarmersand2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile50(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide."saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.6Thisbookisabout51(die),butitisnotpessimistic.Indeed,itwasapleasantsurprise52(find)thatthisbookisfilled53joyandhope.Morrie's54(brave)towardstheendofhislifeisinspirationalandhasmademevaluemyownlifemore.Infact,farfrombeingabookaboutdeath,it'sabookaboutlife.55Morriesays,“Onceyoulearnhowtodie,youlearnhow56(live).”AsMorrieknowsthatheissoongoingtodie,heobserveseverythingasifitisnew.Thethingsaroundhimlookeven57(beautiful)thaneverbeforeandholdnew58(mean).Fromhiswindow,hewatcheseachseasonchange,59(know)itcouldbehislast.Thisencouragesustoappreciate60wehave,andtomakethemostofeachday.7阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。Thecavedwelling(YaodonginChinese)inXi’an,ShaanxiProvince,islaidoutinrowsoneatoptheother,lookinglikebuildingsofmultiplefloorsinthedistance.Itisasortofdistinctivecavehouse61(dig)intothemountainsfordwellingofmanylaboringpeopleontheLoessPlateauinnorthwestChina.Acavehouseisusuallysixmetersdeepandfourmeterswide.Stoneslabs(厚板)62(pile)uptoformasemicircleattheentrance,63isdecoratedwithbeautifulwoodormetalwindowsina64(vary)ofstyles.Thetypesofthecavedwellingcanbedividedintotheearthcavedwelling,brickcavedwelling65stonedwelling.Forcenturies,theyhavebeenregarded66thesymbolofthepeasantsinnorthernpartofShaanxiProvince.Thebeautyaboutthecavedwellingis67theyhelpmaintainlocalgeographyandsaveonfarmlandsby68(make)useofspacethatwouldhavebeenotherwiseleftunused.Theyarewarminwinterandcoolinsummer.Thetemperatureinsideisusually13degreesCelsiushigherthanintheopeninwinterand10degreesCelsius69(low)insummer.Statisticsshowthat40millionpeopleliveincavedwellingsthatarescatteredoveranareaof600,000squarekilometersin70middleandupperreachesoftheYellowRiver.8阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sixweeksbeforehis97thbirthday,GiuseppePaternòfulfilledthedreamofalifetime:He71(get)auniversitydegree.Mr.Paternò’s72(graduate)hasinspirednewsreportsaroundtheworld,partlybecause73hisage.Buthehasalsodrawnattentionbecausehislifestoryspeaksofmitment,athemethathasresonated(产生共鸣)asmillionsofschoolchildreninItalyandelsewherefaceextraordinaryuncertaintyduringthecoronaviruspandemic.BorninPalermoin1923,thefirstofsevenchildrenina“verypoorfamily”,Mr.Paternòbeganworkingsoonafter74(finish)elementaryschool.Itwasonlyafterheretired,inthemid1980s,thathereturnedtohisbooks.“Hisstoryprovesthatdreamscanetrueandthatyoucanremainyoung—ifnotinageatleastinspirit—ifyoudevelopinterests.”saidRosellaCancila,hisessayadviserand75professorofhistoryattheUniversityofPalermo.Italy’suniversitysystemisbasedonathreeyeardegree,76(follow)byatwoyearmaster’scourse.UniversityofficialsarehopingthatMr.Paternò77(continue)hisstudies.Heisn’tsosure.“Ihavetoadmitthatinthismoment,Idon’tknow78Iwouldhandleitwiththesamespirit.”hesaid,notingthatalltheattentionhadbeenabittiring.Still,Mr.Paternòsaid,hewould79(probable)registeranyway.“Iwanttokeepmy80(choice)open.”9阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SuBingtianofChinasetanewAsianrecordwhenheclocked9.83secondsinthemen's100metersprint（短跑）semifinalatthe2020TokyoSummerOlympics.Thoughheonlyrankedsixthinthefinal,herecordeda81（respect）9.98seconds.0.18secondsbehindthewinnerLamontMarcellJacobsofItaly.Besides82（set）theshortesttimerecordforAsia,SuisalsothefirstChinese83（make）ittothemen's100meterOlympicfinal.Hehasdoneremarkablywell.Consideringthatat32,heismucholderthanhis84（petitor）whoaremostlyin85（they）20sorevenyounger.Also,his172centimeterheightisnot86onewouldcalladreamheightforasprinter.ThespiritandmottoofOlympicsinspiredSu87（true）,whocontinuedeventhoughmostofhisteammatesretirebythetimetheyturn28.SuandotherathletesarefurtherproofofChina'sarrivalinsports.WhenChineseathleteLiuChangchunparticipatedinthemen's100meterand200metereventsatthe1932LosAngelesOlympics,theentireChineseteam88（consist）ofjust6persons,andLiuhadtorely89donationfromlocalChineseAmericanstopayforhisreturnfare.Forthemoment,thedayshavepassedwhenChinawas90extremelyweaksportscountry,andwehopeChinesesportsmenrealizemoregloriousachievementsinthedaystoe.10阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasonceagainprovedits91(able)tochangetheworldwiththe“newfourgreatinventions”:highspeedrailways,electronicpayments,sharedbicyclesandonlineshopping.They’rerelatedtoChina’shightechinnovation(创新),92hasimprovedthequalityofpeople’slives,accordingtoasurvey93(make)bytheBeltandRoadResearchInstituteofBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.“Mywalletisnolongerinuse.IcanbuyandeatwhateverIwantsimplywithafingertiponmyphone,”said94universitystudent,addingthat“evenpancakesellersareusingmobilepayment”.Thebikes95(them)arenotnew,buttheoperatingmodelofbikesharing96(base)onsatellitenavigationsystem,mobilepayment,bigdataandotherhightechnologies.Chinahasenteredanewinnovativeera,thankstothelargeamountsofcapitalChinahasinvestedin97(encourage)innovation,saidBernhardSchwartlander,WHORepresentativeinChina.ItisincreasinglyclearthatChinaisinnovatingandnolongercopyingWesternideas.Thisisespeciallytrueinmobile,whereChinaisleading98manywayssuchas…socialmessagingappWeChat,shesaid.Thisispartly99ChinaskippedoverthePCeraandwentdirectlytomobile.Chinahasa100(large)mobileusethananyothercountryintheworld.11阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Iwaspushedintowritingthe“toptenproblemstheyoungface”afterIattendedaschool