致用英语综合教程3Unit-1

EndearinganimalsUnit1

SecondEditionanimalwordswithdifferentculturalconnotation

4interestingstoriesaboutanimals

1howtousegerundsandpresentparticiples

2somedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish3InthisunityouwilllearnProject4Warm-up1ReadingA2LanguageinUse3Unit1CultureTips5Homework6Warm-upBACKAnimalsarehumans’friends.Weliveonthesameterritoryofwildanimalstohaveenoughspaceforthegrowingpopulation.Asaresult,thelivesofanimalsareatstake.

Doyouthinkhumanbeingshavetherighttoensuretheirexistenceattheexpenseofanimals'live？ReadingAPre-readingTasksReading

ComprehensionAfter-reading

TasksBACKPre-readingtasksPetsaretrulymembersofAmericanfamilies.About60%oftheUShouseholdshaveatleastonedog,cat,bird,orotheranimalcompanion.Manyhavemorethanone.Doyouoryourfamilyhavepets?Shareyourexperienceoryourcommentsabouthavingpetswithyourclassmates.BACKMainideaBrandyBACKSammyWhatisthestorymainlyabout？ReadingComprehension1.OnedaywhenIwenttothevet,aroutinevisitforoneofthedogs,heseemedsodown.Sincewewerefriends,Iaskedhimwhyhewassoblue.Heputhisarmaroundmeandledmetolookatsomething.2.Inoneofthehospitalcageswasasmallbox.Insidewasatinybitofwhitefur,perhapstwoouncesinweight,coveredwithdampenedcotton.Iliftedthecottonbattingandlookedatthe“baby”.(1)_____________.3.Hereyeswereopenandbluesoshewasatleasttwo

weeksold.Everyboneshowedthroughherpaper-thinskin.

Shewasinthelaststageofstarvationandnotresponding.

Shehadbeenabandonedwithherlittermatesandwasthe

solesurvivor.TranslationThoseendearinganimalsBACKcReadingComprehension4.Igentlytouchedherandputherinmyhand.Therewasnoresponsefromheratall.ThecollieIhadbroughtin,Brandy,begantowhineandwhimper,andIloweredmyhandwiththekitteninit.5.Brandybegantolickthebabeandthekittenwhimperedeversosoftly.Brandywasahugeblack-coatedcollie,amale.Aretiredshowdogandnumberonedefenderofthehouseandallwholivedthere,Brandywasalmosttotallyblindaswell!6.Itookthestarvinginfanthomewithme,knowingshewoulddie,butatleastnotbealone.Andsoitbegan.Ioftencarriedher,wrappedinadiaper,insidemypocket.Thereshewouldbeeasytostrokeandstimulate,andwouldbewarmandfeelmovementatthesametime.TranslationPara.4~6ReadingComprehension7.Brandyfollowedmeeverywhereoftennuzzlingthepocketinwhichsheslept.Whenshewasinmylapforafeed,Brandywouldstandtherewatchingandthenwashherfromtinyheadtotoe.8.Aweekwentbyandshelived...andshebegantogainandgrow.9.Oneday,tomysurprise,afterafeed,Brandypickedherupinhishugejaws,tookhertotherugandcurledupwith“Sammy”underhischin,tuckedintohiscoatforwarmth.10.(2)________________ablindoneatthat.Herneedtonursewasgreatandsheoftensuckedonanypartofhimthatshecouldreach,raisingpainfulblistersonhisskin.Headoredherandallowedheranything.TranslationPara.7~10eReadingComprehension11.Shewasabletonursefromabottlelaterasshebecamestronger.HardtosaywhatSammythoughthewas,buthewasherworldandshedidwhateverbabiesdo!12.Shedevelopedsomecolouronherheadandtailandwasacalicocat,althoughmostlypurewhite.Atfullgrowthsheonlyweighedthreepounds,atinybutfullgrowncat!13.Sammyrespondedtohernameasanydogwould!(3)___________.Shesatandbeggedforfoodastheydid,whenIwaspreparingmealsinthekitchen.Herchosen“Person”wasmyson,herGodwasBrandy!TranslationPara.11~13aReadingComprehension14.Insideoroutsidethisbigblackdogandtinywhitecatwerealwaystogether.Shegotalongwellwithallthedogs,andplayedwiththenewestpuppies.ShewastheoneandonlyanimalEVERtobeallowedonmyhusband’sbed,hischairorHISLAP!(4)_______Shewashigh-spirited,playfulandveryloving.Shedidallandsawallandlivedlifetothefullest.Shelovedthechildrenandneverhadtobedeclawed,althoughhernailswerekepttrimmed.Shewaswonderful!15.SheandBrandylivedlongandwell.Wasshedifferentbecauseofhim?Perhaps.Idon’tquestionit.Herlifewasagift…amiracle.Butforhimshewouldcertainlyhavedied.Hisloveforherwaswhatmadeherlive.AfterBrandy’sdeath,attheageof12years,Sammychangedabit.(5)_______Intime,itwasnotunusualtoseeSammyinalitterbox,motheringthenewbornpups.16.Itseemsthatthecycleoflovecarriedonanditwasbeautifultobehold.TranslationPara.14~16BACKbdStructureBACKPara.1-2Theauthorfoundoutthe“baby”Para.3-5WhatwereSammyandBrandylikePara.6-11HowtheauthorandBrandytakecareofSammyPara.12-16SammypaybacktoothersDetailsBACK1.WhatwasSammylikewhentheauthorsawherforthefirsttime？2.HowdidtheauthortakecareofSammy？Shewasverysmall,perhapstwoouncesinweight,andeveryboneshowedthroughherpaper-thinskin.(Para.3)TheauthortookSammyhomeandgaveherspecialcare.TheauthoroftencarriedSammy,wrappedinadiaper,insidethepocketsoSammywouldbewarmandfeelthemovementoutside.(Para.6)DetailsBACK3.HowdidBrandytakecareofSammy？Brandyfollowedtheauthoreverywhere,oftennuzzlingthepocketinwhichSammyslept.WhenSammywasintheauthor'slapforafeed,Brandywouldstandtherewatchingandthenwashherfromtinyheadtotoe.Also,heputSammyunderhischintogiveherwarmth.(Para.7-10)ThankYou!Unit1

SecondEditionReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions1.dampen

v.

1)tomakesomethingslightlywet使……潮湿e.g.1.Dampenthesoilalittlebeforeyouputtheseedsin.2.Therainhaddampenedthetentsoweleftittodryintheafternoonsun.2)tomakefeelingsofexcitementorenjoymentlessstrong使沮丧，泼凉水e.g.1.Nothingwilldampenherenthusiasminpromoting“greeneating”.2.Theaccidenthaddonenothingtodampenhiscompetitivespirit.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions2.diapern.

apieceofsoftclothorpaperbetweenababy’slegsandfastenedarounditswaisttoholdliquidandsolidwaste尿布e.g.1.Whenthebabycries,youshouldcheckherdiaperfirsttoseeifitiswet.2.Shewaswearingadisposablediaper.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions3.endearingadj.inspiringaffection惹人喜爱的e.g.Courageisoneofhermostendearingqualities.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions4.littermaten.

amemberofagroupofbabyanimalsthatamothergivesbirthtoatthesametime同窝出生仔畜e.g.1.Thisdoggieisthestrongestoneamongallhislittermates.2.Shehadbeenabandonedwithherlittermatesandwasthesolesurvivor.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions5.nuzzlev.

togentlyruborpressyournoseagainstsomeonetoshowyoulikethem（为表示喜爱）用鼻触碰e.g.1.Thehorseswerenuzzlingupagainsteachother.2.Evanleanedforwardandbegannuzzlinghershoulder.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions6.routineadj.regular;accordingtowhatisalwayshabituallydone例行的e.g.1.Youmustn’tworry.Thesearejustroutineenquiries.2.Despitetheseproblems,routineworkiscontinuing.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions7.soleadj.

beingtheonlyone唯一的e.g.1.Thestorywaspublishedwiththesolepurposeofsellingnewspapers.2.Heisthesolesurvivorofthecrash.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions8.starvationn.sufferingordeathcausedbylackoffood饥饿

e.g.1.Thirtymillionpeopledieofstarvationeachyear.2.AglobalfallinthepriceofricespreadhardshipandevenstarvationtomanypartsofAsia.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions9.strokev.tomoveyourhandgentlyoversomething轻抚，抚摸e.g.1.Hereachedoutandstrokedhercheektenderly.2.Heliftedherfaceandstrokedherhairfromhereyes.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions10.trimv.

tomakesomethingneatorsmoothbycuttingawayirregularparts修剪e.g.1.Ihavemyhairtrimmedeverysixweeks.2.Petewastrimmingthelawnaroundtheroses.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions11.tuckv.

topushsomethingintoaconvenientnarrowspace塞进e.g.1.Hetuckedthenewspaperunderhisarmandwalkedon.2.Shetuckedanunrulylockofhairbehindherear.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions12.vetn.

someonewhoistrainedtogivemedicalcareandtreatmenttosickanimals兽医e.g.1.Couldyoucallthevetandaskhimtocometothefarm?I’dlikehimtohavealookatoneofthehorses.2.Jane’stakingherkittentothevet.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions13.whimperv.tomakelowcryingsounds呜咽,啜泣e.g.1.ThelittledogwhimperedwhenItriedtobatheit.2.“It’snotmyfault,”shewhimpered.BACKReadingComprehension

Words&Expressions14.whinev.tomakealonghighsadsound（因痛楚或不愉快而）悲鸣，哀叫e.g.1.“Idon’tunderstand,”whinedRose.2.Hecouldhearthedogwhiningbehindthedoor.BACKReadingComprehension

Sentences1.Herchosen“Person”wasmyson,herGodwasBrandy!

Inthecat’seyes,mysonwasherfavouriteperson,andBrandy,thedog,wastheonewhocouldprotectherandwashighlyrespectedbyher.BACKReadingComprehension

Sentences2.Shelovedthechildrenandneverhadtobedeclawed,althoughhernailswerekepttrimmed.

Sheknewhowtoshowhercareforthechildrenandpreventhurtingthembyherclawsandnails.SoIdon’thavetodeclawherthoughItrimmedhernails.BACKReadingComprehension

Sentences3.Herlifewasagift...amiracle.

Itisanunusualcasethatshecouldsurvive.ItissomethinguncommonBACKReadingComprehension

Sentences4.Butforhimshewouldcertainlyhavedied.

Shewouldhavediediftherehadnotbeenthisdogwhotookgoodcareofher.BACKReadingComprehension

Sentences5.Itseemsthatthecycleoflovecarriedonanditwasbeautifultobehold.

Thecatwasrearedbythedog.Nowthecattookcareofthepups.Thisisacycleoflove.Theauthorwasveryhappytoseethissituationandthoughtitwasaheart-warmingevent.BACKAfter-readingTasks

DiscussionWhydidtheauthorthinkSammywasmorelikeadogthanacat?2.WhydidtheauthorsaytherewasacycleoflovebetweenBrandyandSammy?3.Doyouhaveexperiencesintakingcareofpets?Sharewithus!BACKAnswersBACK1.WhydidtheauthorthinkSammywasmorelikeadogthanacat？Sammy'sbehavioursweremorelikeadogthanacat.Sammyrespondedtohernameasanydogwould.Shecamewhencalled,andrantothedoorwiththedogswhensomeonecamein.Shesatandbeggedforfoodastheydid.Shegotalongwellwithallthedogs,andplayedwiththenewestpuppies.AnswersBACK2.WhydidtheauthorsaytherewasacycleoflovebetweenBrandyandSammy？BecauseSammywasrearedbyBrandy,andafterBrandy'sdeathSammybegantomotherthenewbornpups.LanguageinUseGrammarDevelopmentVocabularyBuilding

BACKLanguageinUse

GrammarDevelopmentInEnglish,gerundsandpresentparticiplesareidenticalinform,butdifferentinfunction.Gerundsarethenounformsofverbs,andpresentparticiplesareadjectiveformsofverbs.BACKLanguageinUse

GrammarDevelopment动名词是由动词原形+ing构成，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。1)动名词作主语：

Talkinglikethatisnotpolite.

那样谈话不礼貌。

Learningfromothersisimportant.

向别人学习很重要。

2)动名词作表语

Thenurse’sjobislookingafterthepatients.

护士的工作是护理病人。

Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。

3)动名词作宾语

Pleasestopsmokinginthehouse.

请不要在家里抽烟。

Ilikereadingintheforest.

我喜欢在树林里读书。

4）动名词作定语

Hesleptinthesleepingbag.他在睡袋里睡觉。GerundBACKLanguageinUse

GrammarDevelopment现在分词也是由动词+ing构成，它在句中起形容词或副词的作用，可以作定语、状语和表语。1）分词作定语

Chinaisadevelopingcountry.中国是一个发展中国家

Thegirlsingingforusistenyearsold.

给我们唱歌的女孩十岁了。2）分词作状语

Beingastudent,helikestohelpothers.作为一个学生，他喜欢帮助别人。Sheistherewaitingforus.她在那儿等我们呢。3）分词作表语

Thestoryisinteresting.

故事有趣。PresentparticiplesBACKLanguageinUse

GrammarDevelopment一般来说，作为定语修饰名词时，动名词用于说明它所修饰的名词的作用和用途；现在分词则表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作，与该名词在逻辑上存在主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句，如：aswimminggirl

游泳的女孩（分词）aswimmingpool

游泳的池子（动名词）又如：

Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.(动名词，表示用途、作用)=Thereisapoolforswimminginourschool.

Ifoundasleepingbabyonthebed.(现在分词，表示正在进行的动作)=Ifoundababywhoissleepingonthebed.GerundBACKPresentparticiplesvs.LanguageinUse

VocabularyBuildingTheEnglishlanguagewasfirstintroducedtoAmericaintheearly17thcentury.Overthepast400years,theformofthelanguageusedinAmericahasdifferedinmanywaysfromthatusedintheUnitedKingdom.Differencesbetweenthetwoincludepronunciation,grammar,vocabulary,spelling,idioms,andsoon.BritishEnglishVS.AmericanEnglishHaveyouevernoticedthattherearedifferentsayingsofthesamemeaning?Forexample,holidayandvacation.

BACKholiday subwayluggage vacationmotorway baggagetrousers freewaypetrol pantspub gasshop candy

sweets cabtaxi storeunderground barLanguageinUse

VocabularyBuildingA.Matchthewordsinthetwocolumnswhichmeanthesame.BACKLanguageinUse

VocabularyBuildingB.FindthecounterpartsofthewordsbelowinBritishorAmericanEnglish.BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishautumncheckflatmoviecupboarddustbinpostfirstfloorelevatorlorryfallbillapartmentfilmclosetgarbagecanmailgroundfloorlifttruckBACKProjectManypeopleandorganisationsaremakinggreateffortstocallonpeopletoprotectanimals.Oneofthemeasu