2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市天心区明德中学高二（上）入学英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市天心区明德中学高二（上）入学英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ASpecial

Food

Places

to

Try

In

Singapore

It'sanunpleasantfactthatlocalfoodplacesareusuallymeant

to

cater

to

meat-eaters.Itcanbedifficult

to

findatastyfoodplacethatcaters

to

meat-freediet.Herearesomeoptions

to

showyoudon'tneedmeatforasatisfactorytreat.Vegan

Burg

VeganBurghasasurprisinglydiverserangeofplant-basedburgers.FromHawaiianTeriyaki

to

Char-GrilledSatay,themenupromises

to

tempteventhemosthardcoremeatlovers.Andthat'snotevengettinginto

theadd-onsandsidesitoffers,suchasmushroomfriesandbarbecuepotatoes.

WoodsSquareTower,#01-06,

Singapore

737737Genesis

Restaurant

Thiseateryprovesthatmeat-freedishescanbeasheartyandflavourfulastheirmeat-basedcounterparts.GenesisRestaurantisespeciallyknownforitsjuicydumplings,springrolls,pork-freenoodlesand

tofucheesecake.

HavelockRoad,#B1-01,

Singapore

059763WellSmoocht

Collective

WellSmoochtisacafeanddessertbarwhichspecialisesinplant-basedicecream.Madefrombrownrice,sugarcanejuiceandfruitsornutbutters,Smoocht'sricecream,astheycallit,comesinawidevarietyofdeliciousflavourssuchasEarlGreyLavender,RoseCoconutandGulaMelaka.

SinMingCentre,#01-03,

Singapore

575628Green

Common

Thisone-stopplant-basedeateryandmarketplacehasadeliciousmenuofmouth-wateringmeat-freedishes,fromJapanesecuisinelikesushiandmisoglazedfillet

to

Westerndisheslikefishlesstacosandpasta,aswellaslocalfavouritessuchasseafoodlaksaandevenbuahkeluakrice.

HarbourFrontWalk,#169-170,

Singapore

0985851.Who

is

the

passage

intended

for?A.Those

who

want

to

lose

weight. B.Those

who

don't

eat

meat

or

fish.

C.Those

who

can't

go

without

meat. D.Those

who

prefer

home-made

food.2.What

is

Genesis

Restaurant

famous

for?A.Chinese-friendly

food. B.Plant-based

burgers.

C.Plant-based

ice-cream. D.Japanese

seafood.3.Where

should

you

go

if

you

have

a

sweet

tooth?

A.Woods

Square

Tower,#01-06. B.Havelock

Road,#B1-01.

C.Sin

Ming

Centre,#01-03. D.HarbourFront

Walk,#169-170.B

ThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinelementaryschool.Smallformyage,andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecial

humiliation

ofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.TheFieldDay,whichfocusedonindividualskills,wasdifferent.IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Comefall,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.

OnceIgottosixthgradeandswitchedtoprivateschool,ourentirestudentbodywasassignedtoeithertheRedortheWhiteteam.Throughouttheyear,wecompetedagainsteachotherinvariousgamesandexercisesforpoints.IeventuallybecamepresidentofTheCommitteeofGames,acceleratingmycompetitivefever.However,ingirls'sportsgamesatmyschool,Iwasnostar.Ialsoplayedonthefieldhockeyteamandthebasketballteam.Schoolsportsdidnotbleedintotheweekends,astheydotoday,butathome,playingtennis,skating,skiingandbikingweresimplynormalthingswedid.Duringbreaktime,magazineswerealsoquitepopularforusteens.Theseregularlyfeaturedarticlesonphysicalexercise.Somehow,mycollegeroommateandItookupthehabitofcompletingRoyalCanadianAirForce(RCAF)exerciseseveryday,apracticethatcontinuedintomymarriage,whenwehadnosparefundstousetojoinagym.

So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.Istilllovereadingandthearts,too.AsfarasI'mconcerned,lifeistherichestwithmyfeetinbothworlds.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"humiliation"meaninParagraph1?A.Responsibility. B.Disappointment.

C.Shame. D.Desire.5.WhatdidtheauthorowehervictoryintheSoftballThroweventto?A.Heradvancedsportsoutfits.

B.Herconfidenceinhersportsability.

C.Thesportstalentinheritedfromherfather.

D.Theguidanceandtrainingofferedbyherfather.6.Whathappenedaftertheauthorsteppedintoadulthood?A.Shegenerallyexercisedonweekends.

B.ShejoinedRoyalCanadianAirForce.

C.Shepreferredreadingtoexercising.

D.Shemaintainedherloveforsports.7.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Todescribehowherfatherbuiltherinterestinsports.

B.Torecallherchildhoodmemoriesaboutsports.

C.Toexpressherpassionforsportsandfitness.

D.Toemphasizethebenefitsofphysicalexercise.CSocietytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we'realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.Butthere'ssomethingtobesaidforsolitude(独处),"Beingalonedoesn'tnecessarilymeanbeinglonely".Infact,spendingtimebyyourselfisanessentialelementofself-care.Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you'reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.TheUnitedStatesisn'ttheonlyplacewhereyou'llfindaheavyemphasisonsocialtime.AcrosstheAtlantic,theUnitedKingdomisknownforbeinganextremelyextroverted(外向型的)country.AsurveyofBritsfoundthatmorethanhalfhadneverdoneandwouldbeunwillingtodoactivitieslikegoingtothemeparksorseeinglivemusicalone.MostBritsspendalmosttwiceasmuchoftheirleisuretimesocialisingwithothersastheydobeingalone.Thehomecanbeaplaceofrest,relaxationandrecharge—thatis,ifyoulivebyyourselforhavethespacetobealoneinyourhome.ThecountryinwhichpeopleareleastlikelytolivealoneisIndia,atabout4percentofthepopulation.Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtocommunity.Thus,spendingtimealoneisn'tasingrained(根深蒂固的)asasocialconventioninplaceslikethese,andthegoodofthegrouptakespriorityovertheneedsofoneperson.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Peoplecanbenefitmostfromsolitude.

B.Peopletendtosocialisemorenowadays.

C.Beingalonegenerallyequalsbeinglonely.

D.Beingaloneenablespeopletobecarefree.9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesyoungAmericans?A.Imaginativeandwild. B.Responsibleandenergetic.

C.Optimisticanddutiful. D.Outgoingandsociable.10.WhyaremostChinesepeoplemorelikelytolivetogether?A.Becausetheyshareaspecificculture.

B.Becausetheylacksomelocalcustoms.

C.Becausetheypossessenoughhomespace.

D.Becausetheygiveprioritytotheirownneeds.11.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEssenceofSelf-care

B.EnjoySolitude,EnjoyYourself

C.TheFunctionsofDifferentCultures

D.ThePerspectivesonSolitudeDThisyear，theworldgenerated54.6milliontonsofe-waste.However，just17.4percentofitwasformallycollectedandrecycled.Since2014，theamountofe-wasterecycledhasgrownby1.8milliontons—arelativelysmallamount，consideringthattheamountofe-wastegeneratedincreasedby9.2milliontonsinthesameperiod.

Globalreservesofsomeelements，suchasplatinum（铂），aresupposedtobefullyusedupwithin15yearsiftherecycledstocksdon'tincrease.E-wasteandEVbatteriesarecurrentlyrecycledthroughsometraditionalprocesses.However，theyinvolveburningtemperatureswithahighenergydemandanddeepcarbonfootprint，andpoisonouschemicalswhichareharmfultotheenvironment.Alternativesarethereforebeingsought.

AteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCoventryareextendingonesuchalternative.Theyhavebeenusingnon-poisonousbacteriatooxidize（使氧化）andrecoverthepreciousmetals—aprocessknownas"bioleaching".Ifextended，bioleachingfacilitieswouldmeanthatmanufacturersofEVbatteriesandotherelectronicgoodswouldbeabletorecovermetalslocally，relyinglessoncostlyexportstorecyclingcentersabroad.

"Atpresent，akeylimitationfore-wasterecyclingisthelackofcertificationdetailingthetypesandamountsofmetalscontainedinelectronicgoods.Butwithanefficientrecyclingprocessappearing，manufacturershavethemotivationtousemorerecycledmaterialintheirproducts，whichwillchangetheverydesignofelectronicsgoods.It'saboutclosingtheloopofaproduct'slifecycle，"saidtheleaderoftheBioleachingResearchGroup，SebastienFarnaud.

Ultimately，bioleachingtechnologyisbornoutoftheideaofcreatingatrulycircularprocessforthethingsthatweconsume.Weneedtoshiftfromamindsetandeconomywhereweseewasteasanendproduct，toonewherethereisn'tevenastartoranendatall.12.WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph1indicate？______A.Peoplepaylittleattentiontoe-wasterecycling.

B.Therecyclingrateofe-wasteiscomparativelylow.

C.E-wastehascausedseriousenvironmentalproblems.

D.Theamountofe-wasteissharplyincreasingeveryyear.13.Whatisthedisadvantageofcurrentwaysofrecyclinge-waste？______A.Theyonlyapplytocertaine-waste.

B.Theyarenotenvironmentallyfriendly.

C.Theygeneratemetalswithacomplexprocess.

D.Theycauseasharpriseinlocaltemperatures.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthebioleachingtechnology？______A.Ithasbeenappliedabroad.

B.Itreleasesnopoisonousgas.

C.Itrecoversmetalsbymicrobes.

D.Itpromotesthelocalexporttrade.15.Thetextismostprobablyapartof______.A.anewsreport B.afictionnovel

C.ahealthmagazine D.ascientificjournal二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip，avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall，thereareplentyofwaystoappreciatetheworld'scivilization，gainexcitingexperiencesandspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.（1）______Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew，ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific？（2）______.There，youwillfindyourselfdrawninandinspired!Museumsareafantasticplacetolearnaboutaregion'shistory，scientificachievements，majorculturalevents，andofcourse，dinosaurs.Theyalsodesignexhibitionsrelatedtovisualarts，industrialinnovationsandanythingthatinspiresanindividualtolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.

（3）______Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.Toachievethat，museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities，interactiveandknowledge-based.

Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpromotersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren'taburdenontaxrevenue（税收）oraseparateconcernfromothercityprojects.（4）______Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726，000jobsinAmerica.

Museumsshapecommunities.Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhichvisitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Museumsareplaceswhereasharedheritageiscelebratedandacollectiveidentityisformed.Theyprovideaninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.（5）______

A.Museumsbringoutthebestqualitiesinchildren.

B.Museumsoftendeliverkids-centeredexhibitions.

C.Instead，theygeneratefundingandfuelemployment.

D.Then，visitalocalmuseumtolearnaboutthatsubject.

E.Evenshoppingatthegiftshopthereisanopportunityforconnection.

F.Onthecontrary，theyconsumeasmallpercentageofcityfundsannually.

G.Thefact，however，isthatmuseumsoffermagicalbenefitsinmanyways.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

Onesummernight,myfriendsandIstoleintotheJordans'backyardandstartedharvestingtheirsweet,juicyraspberries(树莓).Wewereenjoyingeverybiteofthetastyberries

(21)

MrJordancamechargingoutsideallofasudden.

"Whatareyouboysdoingouthere?"Heyelledasmyfriendsranoff

(22)

alldirections.Heattemptedtocatchoneortwoastheyrushedpasthim,buttheyweretoo

(23)

fortheoldergentlemantocatch.Withinseconds,theboys

(24)

intothedarkofthesummernight.Allexceptme.

However,speedwasnevermy

(25)

.Itookthetongue-lashing(痛骂)thatMrJordangavemeashemarchedmedowntheblocktomyhouse,wheremymothertookoverandscoldedme

(26)

.Myfriendssaidtheycouldhearevery

(27)

wordshespokefromthedarknessofourbackyard,wheretheyhadgatheredto

(28)

theirescapeandtoobservemycapture.

Theyteasedmeaboutitfordaysafterwards,whileallIcoulddowascomplainabouthow

(29)

itwasthatIwastheonlyonewhohadtopaytheprice.Afteraboutaweekofthis,Icomplainedtomyfatherabouttheinequalityofthesituation.Dadsaid,"Youtookraspberrieswithout

(30)

,andyougetexactlythepunishmentyoudeserved."

"Butwhatabouttheotherguys?"Iasked."Theydidn'tgetpunishedatall!"

"That'snotmyconcernnorshoulditbeyours,"Dadsaid."Youcan't

(31)

whathappenstoothers.Youcanonly

(32)

whathappenstoyou.Youmadeabadchoicethatnight,andyouwerepunishedforit."

(33)

thedurationofthefollowingyears,Icometorealizethereisnoguaranteethatlifewilltreatusfairly.That'swhywecan't

(34)

comparingourliveswiththelivesofothers.LikeDadsaid,thatisn'tour

(35)

.21.

A.before B.while C.when D.after22.

A.towards B.in C.at D.from23.

A.smart B.foxy C.swift D.intelligent24.

A.hid B.marched C.hurried D.disappeared25.

A.strength B.power C.intention D.option26.

A.cruelly B.bitterly C.mercilessly D.pitifully27.

A.colorful B.offensive C.violent D.creative28.

A.negotiate B.celebrate C.plot D.congratulate29.

A.unhappy B.frustrating C.disappointing D.unfair30.

A.thinking B.warning C.asking D.informing31.

A.control B.predict C.accept D.explain32.

A.putupwith B.getawaywith C.agreewith D.dealwith33.

A.In B.For C.Through D.Since34.

A.getstuckin B.getengagedin C.beinvolvedin D.beburiedin35.

A.problem B.complaint C.concern D.choice四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Acomfortingcupofteaisanessentialpartofthedayforhundredsofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheglobe.Worldwide，threecupsoftea（1）______（consume）foreverycupofcoffee.Tofullyappreciatetheancientrootsofthe（2）______（herb）drink，avisittotheChinaNationalTeaMuseummightbe（3）______order.Theinstitutionhasalonghistory.

（4）______（locate）inHangzhou，themuseumoccupiesaparklikesetting.Inside，varioushallsdemonstratethestoryoftea，itsceremonies（仪式）anditstools.RecordsofteadrinkingdateasfarbackasthetenthcenturyB.C.inChina.（5）______（original）theleaveswerebakedintoabrick，apartof（6）______couldbebrokenoffandmadeintoapowder（粉状物）.TeaspreadintonorthernChinaduringtheTangDynasty；bytheSongDynastyit（7）______（acquire）aloose-leafproductionaswellastheceremoniesthatmadeitsconsumption（8）______artform.

Theartofteaextendedtoitsfancy（9）______（contain），whichareondisplayatthemuseum.Gracefullyroundedkettlesdateback5，000years；teabowlsfromtheTangDynastyhaveabeautifulsimplicity.Todayvisitorscanobserveateaceremonythatmightbeenough（10）______（change）eventhemostpassionatecoffeedrinker.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是某国际学校学生李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Kelly对你提到的学校“多元文化日”(MulticulturalDay)活动很感兴趣。请回信告知他关于该活动的相关信息。

内容包括：

1.活动时间；

2.活动目的和内容。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearKelly,

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua38.Ifoundthekittensittingonthefrontstepofourhouse.Hewasblackandwhiteandlookedquiteweak.Wheredidhecomefrom？Inoticedhehadnocollararoundhisneck.Whowouldbesoirresponsible？

Iwentinsideandopenedacanoffish.AfterIplacedthecaninthedoorway，thekittenhungrilylappeditupandthenwalkedrightinsidethehouse.Later，afterjumpingontoabunchofpillowsonthecouch，hebegantogroom（梳理）hishair.

Ibethislastownersdidn'tlovehimatall!Ithought.Ifsomeonecan'ttakecareoftheirkitten，theydeservetolosehim!Ourfamilyneverownedpets，butIhadalwayswantedone.It'sagoodthingIfoundthatkittenandtookhimin.Thankgoodnesshefoundme!

Thekittenkeptmeowingquitealot.Andthen，itstartedtryingtobitemyhand.

"Hey，kitten!I'mnotfood!"Isaid.Butthekittentriedagaintobitemyfinger.IknewIhadtogethimsomepropercatfood."Youstayput，kitten!"Itoldhim."I'mgoingtogetyoufood!"ThenIgrabbedmykeysandheadedouttothepetstorenearesttoourhouse.

Onmywaytothestore，Ispottedasignonthetelephonepole：

LOSTKITTEN-BlackandWhite，veryfriendly.Ifyoufindhim，pleasecallus.

"Ifyouweresoworriedaboutyourkitten，"Ithought，"maybeyoushouldhavetakenbettercareofhim!"

WhenIwalkedintothepetstore，Ifoundthattheplacewaspackedwithkidshandingoutflyers（传单）aboutthesamecattocustomersinside.Inthebackofthestore，Isawaboyunder10yearsold，cryinginhiswheelchair."Ican'tbelieveIlostmykitten!"hesaidtohisparents.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Ilookedattheflyersonthewallcarefullythistime—itwasdefinitelythecatIhadbackathome!

Thelittleboybegantocrywithlaughter.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、C【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡的素食美食。

1.

根据第一段中的Itcanbedifficulttofindatastyfoodplacethatcaterstomeat-freediet.Herearesomeoptionstoshowyoudon'tneedmeatforasatisfactorytreat.（很难找到一个迎合无肉饮食的美食场所。这里有一些选择，告诉你不需要吃肉就能得到令人满意的款待。）可推知，这篇文章是写给那些不吃肉或鱼的人的。故选B。2.

根据GenesisRestaurant部分中的GenesisRestaurantisespeciallyknownforitsjuicydumplings,springrolls,pork-freenoodlesandtofucheesecake.（GenesisRestaurant尤其以其多汁的饺子、春卷、无猪肉面和豆腐芝士蛋糕而闻名。）可知，GenesisRestaurant以中餐闻名。故选A。3.

根据WellSmoochtCollective部分中的WellSmoochtisacafeanddessertbarwhichspecialisesinplant-basedicecream...（WellSmoocht是一家专营植物性冰淇淋的咖啡馆和甜品吧……）及SinMingCentre,#01-03,Singapore575628可知，如果你喜欢吃甜食，你应该去SinMingCentre,#01-03。故选C。4~7.【答案】C、D、D、C【解析】【文章大意】本文为记叙文，作者讲述了自己热爱体育运动的起因、经过和结果。

1.

根据第一段Smallformyage,andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecial

humiliation

ofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.（与我的年龄相比，我个子小，与其说是体育爱好者，不如说是个书呆子。我遭受了被各种体操队最后选中的那种特殊的humiliation。）可知，作者因为个头小，且是个书呆子，因此各种体操队最后才选中作者，可推知，这是一种羞辱，与shame意思相近。

2.

根据第一段IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.（在垒球比赛中，我第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。这要归功于我的第一位教练，我的父亲。）可知作者将比赛的胜利归功于父亲提供的指导和训练。

3.

根据最后一段中So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.（所以，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，甚至被认为是度假时必不可少的。）可知，作者在成年后依然热爱运动。

4.

通读全文可知，文章讲述了自己热爱体育运动的起因、经过和结果。根据第一段中ThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinelementaryschool.（我第一次意识到我对体育比赛的热爱是在小学的FieldDay期间。）以及末段中So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.

（所以，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，甚至被认为是度假时必不可少的。）可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是表达自己对运动和健身的喜爱。8~11.【答案】B、D、A、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了不同文化对独处有不同的看法。

1.

根据第一段中Societytellsusweshouldsocializetothefullest...Thesedays,we'realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.（社会告诉我们，我们应该充分地社交，那些被人包围的人是最成功和最快乐的。如今，我们几乎总是联系在一起，无论是面对面，还是通过手机屏幕和在线社交网络。）可知，现在人们常常社交。故选B。

2.

根据第二段中的Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.（对许多年轻人来说，周末充满了社交活动，从和朋友吃早午餐到晚宴，从游戏之夜到酒吧喝酒，以及介于这两者之间的一切。）可知，外向，善于交际最能描述年轻的美国人。故选D。

3.

根据最后一段中的Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsofliferevolvearoundcommunity.（中国也很喜欢多口之家，只有大约10%的人独自生活。在这些更集体主义的文化中，生活的许多方面都围绕着社区。）可知，大多数中国人更喜欢住在一起的原因是因为他们共享特定的文化。故选A。

4.

根据第一段中的In

fact,spending

time

by

yourself

is

an

essential

element

of

self-care.（事实上，花时间独处是自我照顾的一个基本要素。）及结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了不同文化对独处有不同的看法。B项“享受独处，享受自我”符合题意。故选B。12~15.【答案】B、B、C、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段This

year，the

world

generated

54.6

million

tons

of

e-waste.However，just

17.4

percent

of

it

was

formally

collected

and

recycled.Since

2014，the

amount

of

e-waste

recycled

has

grown

by

1.8

million

tons

—

a

relatively

small

amount，considering

that

the

amount

of

e-waste

generated

increased

by

9.2

million

tons

in

the

same

period.（今年，全球产生了5460万吨电子垃圾。然而，只有17.4%的垃圾被正式收集和回收。自2014年以来，电子垃圾的回收量增加了180万吨考虑到同期电子垃圾的产生量增加了920万吨，这是一个相对较小的数字。）可知，本段中的统计数字说明电子垃圾的回收率相对较低。故选B项。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中E-waste

and

EV

batteries

are

currently

recycled

through

some

traditional

processes.However，they

involve

burning

temperatures

with

a

high

energy

demand

and

deep

carbon

footprint，and

poisonous

chemicals

which

are

harmful

to

the

environment.（电子垃圾和电动汽车电池目前是通过一些传统的流程回收的。然而，它们涉及燃烧温度、高能源需求和深碳足迹，以及对环境有害的有毒化学物质。）可知，目前回收电子垃圾的方法对环境不利。故选B项。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中They

have

been

using

non-poisonous

bacteria

to

oxidize（使氧化）

and

recover

the

precious

metals

—

a

process

known

as

"bioleaching".If

extended，bioleaching

facilities

would

mean

that

manufacturers

of

EV

batteries

and

other

electronic

goods

would

be

able

to

recover

metals

locally，relying

less

on

costly

exports

to

recycling

centers

abroad.（他们一直在使用无毒细菌来氧化和回收贵金属，这一过程被称为"生物浸出"。如果扩大，生物浸出设施将意味着电动汽车电池和其他电子产品的制造商将能够在当地回收金属，而不那么依赖于向海外回收中心出口成本高昂的产品。）可知，生物浸出技术就是通过微生物来回收金属。故选C项。

（4）文章出处题。通读全文，根据第三段中A

team

of

scientists

from

the

University

of

Coventry

are

extending

one

such

alternative.They

have

been

using

non-poisonous

bacteria

to

oxidize（使氧化）

and

recover

the

precious

metals

—

a

process

known

as

"bioleaching".（来自Coventry大学的一组科学家正在推广一种这样的替代方案。他们一直在使用无毒细菌来氧化和回收贵金属，这一过程被称为"生物浸出"。）可知，本文主要介绍一组科学家的一项科学研究生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。从而推断，本文来自于科学杂志。故选D项。

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项科学研究生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。16~20.【答案】G、D、B、C、E【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip，avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall，thereareplentyofwaystoappreciatetheworld'scivilization，gainexcitingexperiencesandspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.（对于计划旅行的人来说，参观博物馆可能不是他们想到的第一件事。毕竟，有很多方式可以欣赏世界文明，获得令人兴奋的体验，与家人和朋友共度美好时光。）可知，此处提到人们在旅行途中有很多选择，博物馆不是人们的首选地址，G项"然而，事实是博物馆在许多方面提供了神奇的好处。"中的however表明，其实去博物馆有好多益处，此处点明本文的主题。符合语境，故选G项。

（2）联系上文题。根据上文Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew，ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific？（博物馆是人们学习新东西的地方，不分年龄！你有什么特别的兴趣吗？）"可知，可以去博物馆观看感兴趣的东西，D项"然后，去当地的博物馆了解一下这个主题。"中的thatsubject指代上文的somethingspecific，符合语境。故选D项。

（3）段落主题题。根据下文Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.Toachievethat，museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities，interactiveandknowledge-based.（它们肯定是教育经历中令人兴奋的一部分，主要目的是让孩子们接触各个领域的知识，扩大他们的视野。为了实现这一目标，博物馆正在努力创造有意义和吸引人的活动，以互动和知识为基础。）可知，博物馆可以让孩子们接收到教育，B项"博物馆经常举办以儿童为中心的展览。"作本段小标题。故选B项。

（4）细节理解题。根据上文Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpromotersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren'taburdenontaxrevenue（税收）oraseparateconcernfromothercityprojects.（博物馆支持旅游业。他们是小城镇和大城市的旅游推动者。博物馆不是税收的负担，也不是与其他城市项目分开的单独的问题。）可知，本段中涉及博物馆对城市旅行业的推动；C项"相反，它们创造了资金和就业。"与上文为转折关系，下文Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726，000jobsinAmerica.（统计数据显示，博物馆在美国提供了72.6万个工作岗位。）可知，此处具体解释博物馆创造工作机会的功能，呼应C项的fuelemployment，符合语境，故选C项。

（5）联系上文题。根据上文Museumsshapecommunities.Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhichvisitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Museumsareplaceswhereasharedheritageiscelebratedandacollectiveidentityisformed.Theyprovideaninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.（博物馆塑造社区。他们有活动和展览，游客可以通过这些活动了解当地的历史。博物馆是庆祝共同遗产和形成集体身份的地方。它们提供了一个有趣的公共空间，人们可以在这里见面交谈。）可知，本段涉及博物馆塑造社区的功能，博物馆作为一个公共空间，人们可以相互交流；E项"即使是在礼品店购物，也有机会建立联系。"可知，在博物馆的周边产业，如礼品店，在这里人们也有机会进行交流联系，符合语境。故选E项。

本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了博物馆的多项社会性功能。

关于选句填空的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。21~35.【答案】C、B、C、D、A、B、A、B、D、C、A、D、B、A、C【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文叙述了作者和伙伴们偷树莓，但是唯独作者被抓到，并受到了惩罚由此引起作者对生活的感悟。

1.

句意：我们正津津有味地吃着美味的浆果，突然乔丹先生冲了出来。A.before在……之前；B.while当……时候，正在那时；C.when当……时候；D.after在……之后。bedoingsthwhen……“正在做某事正在那时”为固定句型。故选C。

2.

句意：“你们在外面干什么?”我的朋友们朝四面八方跑去时，他喊道。A.towards向；B.in在……里；C.at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；D.from来自。根据下文“Heattemptedtocatchoneortwo”可知，作者的朋友们朝四面八方跑去。inalldirections“四面八方”。故选B。3.

句意：当它们从他身边冲过时，他试图抓住其中一两个，但他们跑得太快了，老先生没能抓住。A.smart聪明的；B.foxy狡猾的；C.swift敏捷的；D.intelligent聪明的。根据下文Withinseconds,theboys

(4)

​​​​​​​intothedarkofthesummernight.可知，他们跑得太快了。故选C。

4.

句意：几秒钟后，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。A.hid隐藏；B.marched前进；C.hurried匆匆；D.disappeared消失。根据上文“buttheyweretoo

(3)

​​​​​​​fortheoldergentlemantocatch.”可知，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。故选D。5.

句意：然而，速度从来都不是我的强项。A.strength力气，优势；B.power力量；C.intention意图；D.option选择。根据上文“Allexceptme”可知，速度从来都不是作者的强项。故选A。6.

句意：我挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，他带着我穿过街区回到了我的家，母亲接过了我的手，愤怒地骂了我一顿。A.cruelly残忍地；B.bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C.mercilessly残忍地；D.pitifully可怜地。根据上文Itookthetongue-lashing(痛骂）可知，作者挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，妈妈也愤怒地骂了作者。故选B。

7.

句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每