以AT89C51单片机为核心-制作一个LCD显示的智能电子钟

页脚页脚第6章智能电子钟的设计6.1功能要求设计要求以AT89C51单片机为核心，制作一个LCD显示的智能电子钟：计时：秒、分、时、天、周、月、年。闰年自动判别。五路定时输出，可任意关断(最大可到16路)。时间、月、日交替显示。自定任意时刻自动开/关屏。(6)计时精度：误差W1秒/月(具有微调设置)。(7)键盘采用动态扫描方式查询。所有的查询、设置功能均由功能键K1、K2完成。工作原理本设计采用市场上流行的时钟芯片DS1302进行制作。DS1302是DALLAS公司推出的涓流充电时钟芯片，含一个实时时钟/日历和31字节静态RAM，可以通过串行接口与计算机进行通信，使得管脚数量减少。实时时钟/日历电路能够计算2100年之前的秒、分、时、日、星期、月、年的，具有闰年调整的能力。DS1302时钟芯片的主要功能特性：能计算2100年之前的年、月、日、星期、时、分、秒的信息；每月的天数和闰年的天数可自动调整；时钟可设置为24或12小时格式。31B的8位暂存数据存储RAM。(3)串行】/。口方式使得引脚数量最少。(4)DS1302与单片机之间能简单地采用同步串行的方式进行通信，仅需3根线。(5)宽围工作电压2.0-5.5V。(6)工作电流为2.0A时，小于300nA。(7)功耗很低，保持数据和时钟信息时功率小于1mW。方案论证系统硬件电路的设计FUIVAIDrnY«iiF口2flM工rn*Ri-.FHSi'AlEFIKMICrnTfwnaajikrr.i/AiR3JU.IDA]JUL11rz.-»uizR3MAI9PIAJCHrzjixifF1QTKMIri-m：!-njvrnrazrimro.+TO□unrajslfTOf?ET□u系统程序的设计#include<reg51.h>#include<lcd.h>#include<ds1302.h>#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintsbitkeyl=P3-0；//设置键sbitkey2=P3-3；//调节键加sbitkey3=P3八6；//设置键减ucharsecond,minute,hour;ucharday,week,month,year;ucharpos_flag=0;ucharkeyflag=0；//按键标志位//函数声明ucharread1302(ucharadd);//读地址、数据voidwrite1302(ucharadd,uchardate);//写入地址、数据voidwrite__date(ucharadd,uchardate);voidinit_lcd();voidinit_ds1302();voiddelay(uchartime);voidDisp_1602(ucharx,uchary,uchar*p);voidkeyscan();voidsettime();voidsettime(){write1302(0x8e,0x00); //关闭写保护TOC\o"1-5"\h\zwrite1302(0x80,second/10*16+second%10); //秒write1302(0x82,minute/10*16+minute%10); //分write1302(0x84,hour/10*16+hour%10); //时write1302(0x86,day/10*16+day%10); //日write1302(0x88,month/10*16+month%10); //月write1302(0x8a,week/10*16+week%10); //星期write1302(0x8c,year/10*16+year%10); //年write1302(0x8e,0x80);}voiddisplay()second=read1302(0x81);write__date(0xca,0x30+second%10);write__date(0xc9,0x30+second/10);minute=read1302(0x83);write__date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10);write__date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10);hour=read1302(0x85);write__date(0xc4,0x30+hour%10);write__date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10);day=read1302(0x87);write__date(0x8a,0x30+day%10);write__date(0x89,0x30+day/10);week=read1302(0x8b);write__date(0xcd,0x30+week%10);month=read1302(0x89);write__date(0x87,0x30+month%10);write__date(0x86,0x30+month/10);year=read1302(0x8d);write__date(0x84,0x30+year%10);write__date(0x83,0x30+year/10);}voidkeyscan()//修改调整时间日期{if(key1==0){delay(10);if(key1==0){pos_flag++;while(!key1);keyflag=1;switch(pos_flag){TOC\o"1-5"\h\zwrite_(0x80+4); //年write_(0x0f); //光标闪烁break;write_(0x80+7); //月break;write_(0x80+10); //日break;write_(0x80+0x40+0x0d);//星期break;write_(0x80+0x40+4);//时钟break;write_(0x80+0x40+7);//分钟break;write_(0x80+0x40+10);//秒钟break;default:break;}if(pos_flag==8) //pos_flag=8则退出调整pos_flag=0;keyflag=0; //按键标识清零delay(5);settime();write_(0x0c);//关光标}}}if(key2==0) //调节加键，按下(低电平)就加{delay(15);if(key2==0){while(!key2);switch(pos_flag){year++;if(year==99)year=0;write__date(0x84,0x30+year%10);write__date(0x83,0x30+year/10);break;month++;if(month==13)month=1;write__date(0x87,0x30+month%10);write__date(0x86,0x30+month/10);break;day++;〃闰年二月29〃闰年二月29天if(day==30)day=1;}if((year%4!=0)&&(month==2)) 〃平年二月28天{if(day==29)day=1;}if(month==1||month==3||month==5||month==7||month==8||month==10||month==12)//大月31天{if(day==32)day=1;}if(month==4||month==6||month==9||month==11)//小月30天{if(day==31)day=1;}write__date(0x8a,0x30+day%10);write__date(0x89,0x30+day/10);break;week++;if(week==8)week=1;write__date(0xcd,0x30+week);break;hour++;if(hour==24)hour=0;write__date(0xc4,0x30+hour%10);write__date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10);break;minute++;if(minute==60)minute=0;write__date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10);write__date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10);break;second++;if(second==60)second=0;write__date(0xca,0x30+second%10);write__date(0xc9,0x30+second/10);break;default:break;}}}if(key3==0){delay(15);if(key3==0){while(!key3);switch(pos_flag){year--;if(year==0)year=99；write__date(0x84,0x30+year%10)；write__date(0x83,0x30+year/10);break;month--;if(month==0)month=12;write__date(0x87,0x30+month%10);write__date(0x86,0x30+month/10);break;day--;if((year%4==0)&&(month==2)) 〃闰年二月29天{if(day==0)day=29;}if((year%4!=0)&&(month==2)) 〃平年二月28天{if(day==0)day=28;}//if(month==1||month==3||month==5||month==7||month==8||month==10||month==12)大月31天//{if(day==0)day=31;}if(month==4||month==6||month==9||month==11)//小月30天{if(day==0)day=30;}}页脚页脚write__date(0x8a,0x30+day%10);write__date(0x89,0x30+day/10);break;week--;if(week==0)week=7;write__date(0xcd,0x30+week);break;hour--;if(hour==0)hour=24;write__date(0xc4,0x30+hour%10);write__date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10);break;minute--;if(minute==0)minute=59;write__date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10);write__date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10);break;second--;if(second==0)second=59;write__date(0xca,0x30+second%10);write__date(0xc9,0x30+second/10);break;default:break;}页脚页脚}}页脚页脚}}voidmain(){init_lcd();delay(2);init_ds1302();delay(2);Disp_1602(1,0,"20-- week");Disp_1602(5,1,"::");while(1){if(keyflag==0){display();}keyscan();}}#ifndef_lcd_h_#define_lcd_h_#include<reg51.h>#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintsbitIcdrs=P2八0；sbitIcdrw=P2」；sbitIcden=P2八2；voiddelay(ucharms){uchari；for(；ms>0；ms--)for(i=110；i>0；i--)；}voidwrite_(uchar)//写指令{lcden=0；lcdrs=0；lcdrw=0；P0=；delay(1)；lcden=1；delay(1)；lcden=0；}//写数据voidwrite_data(uchardate)//写数据{lcden=0；lcdrs=1；lcdrw=0；P0=date；delay(1);lcden=1;delay(1);lcden=0;}voidwrite__date(ucharadd,uchardate){write_(add);delay(1);write_data(date);}voidDisp_1602(ucharx,uchary,uchar*p){while(*p){if(y==0)x|=0x80;elsex|=0xc0;write_(x);delay(5);write_data(*p);x++;p++;}}voidinit_lcd(){delay(15);write_(0x38);delay(15);write_(0x38);delay(5);write_(0x38);write_(0x0c);write_(0x06);write_(0x01);}#endif#ifndef_ds1302_h_#define_ds1302_h_#include<reg51.h>#defineucharunsignedch