管理英语3考试试题及答案

一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一种能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。1.—______________________________—No,sorry,Ididn'tknowtheruleaboutpunchingin.C.Didn'tyoupunchinthismorning,Wendy?2.—Isupposethere'llbealotofarguments.—__________________A.Ishouldimagineso.3.Leavethereferencebooksbehind,__________youwon'tbeabletothinkindependently.A.or4.Myfriendinvitedme__________theartclub,andIaccepteditwithpleasure.B.tojoin5.This

is

the

man

___

last

night.

B.whom

I

saw6.—_______________________________—Wehavethreemajordivisions:Operations,SalesandMarketing,FinanceandAdministration.A.Howmanydepartmentsdowehave?7.Hewillwritetomeassoonashe________home.B.returns8.Iam________________yourearlycoming.A.lookingforwardto9.—I'mleavingforShanghaitomorrow.—__________________B.Haveapleasanttrip!10.Abusdriver_______________thesafetyofhispassengers.B.isresponsiblefor11.—Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?—Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorder_______.astold12.Anumberofboys____________absentsometimeduringtheterm.A.havebeen13.Thekey_________successfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthestrategytothewholecompany.A.To14.—Iwishyousuccessinyourcareer.—_________________C.Thesametoyou.15.Theprogrammegivesstudentsthe___________tolearnmoreaboutglobalwarming.C.opportunity1.—CouldIhelpyouwithyourheavybox?Youaresotired.—_____________Icanmanageit.

A.No.thanks.2.—Sorry,Imadeamistakeagain.—_________Practisemoreandyou’llsucceed.A.Nevermind.3.IheardthatyoureallyhadawonderfultimeatJohn'sbirthdayparty,_____?B.didn'tyou4.–__________fathertookpartinthecharityactivityintheneighborhoodyesterday?–Peter's.A.Whose5.__________importantitisforkidstoimaginefreely!

B.How6.—How

did

you

find

your

visit

to

Qingdao,

Joanna?

—_____________C.A

guide

showed

me

the

way.7.The_______wasonlysentencedtopayafineof$10,000.C.criminal8.Itookitfor_______thatyouwouldn'tcomehereagain.C.granted9.—I'm

more

than

happy

to

go

out

this

weekend.

—__________We've

got

so

much

work

to

do

at

that

time.B.Forget

it.10.Under

no

circumstance

_____

to

tell

lies

to

parents.

B.are

children

allowed11.It's___________

topointtoortalkaboutstrangersinpublic.A.notpolite12.Ifyouneedfurtherinformation,please_______ouroffice.C.contact13.—________________—Shegavetwoweeks.Howmuchtimedidshegive?14.Thelightistoo_______formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.A.dim15.Hegaveuphisstudyincollegein_______.B.despair1—IwonderifIcoulduseyourcomputertonight?—_________A.Sure,goahead.2.—Isitmoreadvisabletoupgradeourpresentfacilitiesthantakingtheriskofopeninganewpark?

—____________C.Idon'tthinkso..3.Purchasingthenewproductionlinewillbea__________dealforthecompany.A.profitable有利润的4.Let'sdiscusstheseproblemsatthemeeting,________?B.shallwe5.JohnaswellasMike__________justbeenbackfromanimportantmeeting.

B.has6.Youcangoout,__________youpromisetobebackbefore12o'clock.C.aslongas只要7.Themanagerurgedhisstaffnotto__________thesplendidopportunity.B.miss错过8.Abudgetisanestimationofthe_______and_______overaspecifiedfutureperiodoftime.B.revenue;expenses9.—Inwhatformwillyoutaketheinvestment?—____________B.We'llcontributeasiteandtherequiredpremises.10.Ifthebuildingproject__________bytheendofthismonthisdelayed,theconstructioncompanywillbefined.A.tobecompleted11.—Isitpossibleforyoutoexpandbusinessthere?—_____________C.Yes,Ithinkso.12.Theyaretryingto__________thewastedischargedbythefactoryforprofit.C.exploit运用13.—Areyougoingonholidayforalongtime?—_____________No.Onlyacoupleofdays.14.Theyrecommendedthattheamusementpark________.C.beextended15.Rent,electricityandinsuranceareallexamplesofthecompany's________.A.overhead间接费用1、TheroadsysteminBeijing'sdowntownareaisbeing_______tomakepublictransportationeasyandimproveefficiency.B.designedagain2、Anundergroundsystemincluding_______newsubwaylinesbeneaththeCBDhasbeenoperating.A.23、Theundergroundconnectionsystemconsistsof_______level(s).B.two4、CBDstandsfor_______.A.CentralBusinessDistrict5、Beijinghassetup_______forpeopletochecktrafficconditions.C.atrafficinquirysystem1.—Howdidyoumissyourtrain?—____________________A.Well,Iwascaughtinthetrafficjam.2—I'vestartedmyownsoftwarecompany.—________________B.Nokidding!Congratulations!3—Ididn'tfinishmyhomework.Neither______.A.didhe4Raisingpigs_____myjobatthattime.A.was5Manyfactorsbothathomeandabroad_____thebankruptcyofthemultinationalcorporation.C.contributedto

6—It'sgettingdark.I'mafraidImustbeoffnow.—OK._________C.Seeyou.7Iboughtanewcarlastmonth,butI______myoldcaryet.B.havenotsold8We____thelastbusanddidn'thaveanymoneyfortaxi,sowehadtowalkhome.B.missed9I______toknowhowoftenthebusrunsduringrushhour.B.happen碰巧懂得10Bringmeaglassofbeer,_____?C.willyou11InBeijing,thebestseasoninayearisprobably_____autumn.A.late12—Whendowehavetopaythebill?—____December30.By1_____isknowntoall,toomuchfatcausesheartproblems.B.As2—DoyoumindifIsmokehere?—__________________C.Yes,betternot3—DoesshespeakFrenchorGerman?—Shedoesn't,_____.A.either4—IfyouinviteaMuslimtodinner,whatareyouadvisednottoorderforhim?—_____________B.pork5—Jackwon'tlikethefilm,youknow.—___________________Idon'tcarewhatJackthinks!B.Sowhat?6—Whatvegetablesareinseasonnow?—Radishandcarrot，_____.C.Ithink7—WhatdoyouthinkaboutJapanesefood?—____________________A.Overall,thedietthereisahealthyone--lowfat.8AvegetariandietconsistsofthefollowingEXCEPT_____.A.meat9Allthings______，theplannedflightwillhavetobecancelled.B.considered10I________abookwhenthetelephone______.A.wasreading…rang11Idon'tthinkanyonecanaccusehim_______notbeinghonest.A.of12I'musedto________upearlynow.B.getting13Themachine_____thismorningfornoreason.A.brokeoff14Thisisthebook______Ihavelearnedalot.C.fromwhich15Wehavespentallofoursparetime,______,oursparemoney,ontheproject.C.aswellas1.Whydoestheauthorsaythatdoor-knockinghasbecomealostart?B.Peoplefocusonprivacyincreasingly,sodoor-knockingseemslikeanintrusionintootherpeople'slives2.Whichstepshouldbefirstlytakenwhenyoutrydoor-knocking?C.Leaveadoorhanger3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onthespot”mean?A.withoutdelay4.Whichtimeisnotappropriatefordoorknocking?B.Mondaymorning.5.Whowillreceivepleasantreceptionwhentheytrydoor-knocking?C.Aneighborwhodoesgoodpreparationandhassignificantprojecttointroduce.1.—___________________—Onceortwiceaweek.B.Howoftenwillyouarrangeformetovisitsomeoneathome?2.—_______________—Generallyspeaking,weareconcernedwithallaspectsofpromotinggoodhealth.A.Whathealthcareprogramsarethereinthecommunity?3.Knowing______increasesemployeeloyaltytothecompanyandtheirleader.B.thattheirCEOwasvolunteeringtimeforcommunityservice4.Communityserviceisimportanttomebecauseitprovidesmewitheye-openingexperienceswhile______manypeople.B.benefitting5.CommunityServicesProgramaimsforallmembersofthecommunityto______tobasicfinancialandmaterialresources,information,adviceandreferral.C.haveaccess6.—Goodmorning,VolunteeringMatters,howcanIhelpyou?—___________________C.Goodmorning,I'dliketofindouthowIcouldbecomeavolunteer.7.Oneofthemainbenefitsofcommunityserviceisthatit______aperson'scharacter.B.builds8.Communitiesarepartofeverydaylifeandhavepositive________onitsmembers.B.effects9.—Anythingelse?—________________C.Moreover,weprovideeducationrelatingtodepressionandanxiety.10.Communityserviceisagreatwaytohelppeopleintheirtimeofneed.Itisgreattoseethehappinessthatresults______it.C.from11.TheonlineWhat'sonforWomenprovidesinformation______upcomingandongoingevents.A.about12.—___________—Tosumup,itisacontinualprocess,fromanew-bornbabytotheendofone'slife.B.WhatdoesCommunityHealthServicemeanexactly?13.Involvementincommunityactivities______anintegralandinescapablepartofseniormanagers'jobs.C.hasseenas14.Businesspeopleexercisetheirleadershipinthecommunityservicearea______thecommercialworld.

A.aswellas15.Ittakessmallstepstocreatebigchangeandthisis__________service-learninghopestoachieve.A.what1.AccordingtoW.EdwardDeming,whatisthebesttimetocontrolproductquality?C.Duringtheproductionprocess.2.Whentherearequalityfailures,wheredoesW.EdwardDemingthinktheblamelies?B.Intheuppermanagement.3.Whichofthefollowingwillnothelptocreateaqualityworkplace?A.Workingalone.4.DuringwhichperiodweresomeJapanesefirmswinningAmericanconsumermarketsoverAmericanfirmsC.1970s.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutqualitycontrolisNOTcorrect?A.Qualitycontrolcanleadtogreatsuccessforacompany.1.—I'dliketotakealookfirstatthosestructuralsupportbeamsthatweregoingtobeputinplaceonthesecondfloor.—____________,here'syourjacketandhelmet,andyou'dbetterputonthesebootsaswell–it'soursitepolicy.C.Certainly2.—What'sthelatestsituationwithallthesecustomercomplaintswe'vebeenreceiving?—___________thequalityofthematerialhasnotalwaysbeenuptostandard.I'mafraid3.Theproductsofthiscompanyarealways_________tostandard,theyhaveverystrictqualitycontrolprocess.C.up4.I'mgoingtohavea________withMarkaboutthisissuetomorrow.C.word5.Notonly________manycarsbuiltinthe1970suglyandpoorlydesigned,theyalsobecameveryunreliableafter40-50thousandmiles.C.were6.—Isuggestyouofferaffectedcustomersadiscountontheirnextstorepurchase,explainthesituationandapologizetothem.—Right,ofcourse.___________________A.I'llgetonitrightaway.7.AChinesecompanyisgoingto_______overthewell-knownJapanesecompanyTOSHIBACorporation.B.take8.Unluckily,someQualityManagementSystemfailures______headlines.A.domake9.—________________aboutitnow?—Everytimeacustomerhascomplainedwe'vefollowedourstorepolicyandofferedthemanexchangeorafullrefund.C.What'sbeingdone10.Ournewschoolbuildingis__________construction.A.under11.Propercontrolsthatshould_________developedaspartofroutinesafetyprocedureswerenotinplace.B.havebeen12.—Howiseverythinggoing?—_______,we'vebeenquitebusythismonthandthere'sbeenquitealotofprogresssincethelastinspection.B.Asyoucansee13.Applealmostlostitsdominanceinthesmartphonemarket________itbecameclearthatitwasdifficulttomakeacallusingthemuchexpectediPhone4.A.when14.Thenthesituation_____________worsebyhumanerrorbecauseofthelackofpropertraining.B.wasmade15.Let'sgo______thereportsonthelatestwork.A.over1.HowcouldwedescribetheEbolaoutbreak?C.Notthefirstbutthelargestone.2.TheEbolaoutbreakresponsewas.B.aninternationalactivity3.Whatdoestheword“massive”meaninPara.3?A.Huge.4.HowmanydiseasespecialistsfromCDChavegonetoWestAfricafortheEbolaresponse?C.Morethan100.5.WhatactiondoesCDCtaketorespondtothelargeEbolaoutbreak?A.Workcloselywithgovernmental,nationalandinternationalpartners.1、—_______________—Wehavesentoutleafletstoallresidents,explainingwhattodoinanemergency.B.Whathaveyoutalkedtothepublic？2、—__________________—Withpleasure.Emergencyplanningcoversseveraldifferentaspects.Couldyouexplainhowyourworkonemergencyplanningisgoingon?3、WhenyoucompletePart1,youwillbeabletolearn__________.B.whattodoforspecifichazards4、Preparednessactionsareaimed______planning,organizing,training,equipping,exercising,evaluating,andimplementingcorrectiveactionstoensureeffectivecoordinationduringincidentresponse.B.at5.Governmentagenciesareresponsiblefordeclaringtheevacuationofagivenareaandwill,inmanyinstances,alreadyhaveevacuationplans______.C.inplace6、—Perhapsweshouldclimboutofthewindowandjumpdown?It'sonlytwofloors.—_________________We'dbetterwaitfortherescue.B.No,wecan'tdothat.7、Chemicalspillguidelinesshouldbeestablishedbythelabsupervisorandshouldtakeinto______thefollowing.A.Consideration8、—_____________________—Fire,fireserviceplease!There'sahugefirehere.A.911,howmayIdirectyourcall?9、Manydisastersallownotimeforpeopletogathereventhemostbasicnecessities,whichis______planningaheadisessential.A.Why10、Thesepreparednessframeworkseitherexistinvariousstagesofdevelopment______havebeenimplemented.C.or11、—Hurryup!Ifthefirespreadstothestairs,itcouldblockourwayout!—_____________Thisisnotimefortalking.C.You'reright!12、______thesepotentialproblems,two-wayradiosarepreferableastheyareextremelyreliableforshortdistancesandcanbroadcasttoseveralpeopleatonce.B.Given13、Acampusemergency______occuratanytimeofthedayornight,weekend,orholiday,withlittleornowarning.C.may14、Patrolsshouldbeconductedbyteams______individuals.A.ratherthan15、Someoftherisksmayberelevanttoyourcommunity.Findoutwhichonesby______.uk.A.Visiting听力理解(Task4)，听对话录音，根据对话内容判断正误1.Theorganizeristhebeneficiaryofcommunityservice.

F2.Somepeoplewhotakepartincommunityservicesarenotvolunteers.

T3.Mostoftheyouthwhovolunteerincommunityservicearemotivatedbypersonalpurposes.

F4.Insomehighschools,studentsmustcompletecertainhoursofcommunityservicetoreceiveadiploma.

T5.Everyuniversityconsiderscommunityserviceisthemostimportantexperienceforstudentsamongotherpractices,likeinternship.F1.Wendypunchedinthismorning.F2.Theyneedtopunchoutafterwork.T3.Theyneedtoworkovertime.T4.Theycanwearcasualclotheswhengoingoutonasalescall.F5.Theycanuseofficephonesforpersonalmatters.F判正误1.ClosuresscheduledforSundaysonminorroadsoutsidethecitycentremaybeconsidered.（F）2.Youneedtogetapprovalifyouplantoblocktheroadorfootpath.（T）3.Roadscanonlybeclosedpartially.道路只能部分封闭。（F）4.Ifyouchooseanexistingrouteforaparade,theamountofplanningwillbereduced.（T）5.RoadclosureapplicationscanbesenttotheDepartment‘sTrafficCalmingTrafficCalmingCommitteeoneweekbeforethescheduleddate.（F）1、Pestsdoharmtopeople.害虫对人有害。（T）2、Inthepassage,thewordpesticidemeansachemicalusedforkillingpests,especiallyinsects（T）3、Foodcontainersshouldbestoredontheground.食物容器应寄存在地上（F）4、Containersforrawmaterialsshouldbekeptopenandclean.原料容器应保持开放和清洁。（F）5、Peoplecangetinformationaboutfoodsafetypolicieseasily.（T）6、Aratissmallerthanamouse.田鼠比家鼠小。（F）1.Itisprobablethattherewillbemoreandmoresafetyrelatedissuesworldwide.（T）2.Foodsafetyauthoritiesineachcountrybelievethatfoodsafetyproblemsshouldbesolvedwithintheircountry.各国食品安全当局认为，食品安全问题应当在自己国家层面处理。（F）3.ThemajordutyoftheINFOSANEmergencyContactPointineachFAOmemberstateistomanagecommunicationbetweennationalfoodsafetyauthorities.（T）4.PublichealthorganizationscangetfindingsofinvestigationsandstrategiesforfoodsafetyimprovementfromINFOSAN.（T）5.INFOSANmonitorspossibleinternationaleventsconcerningfoodsafetyindependently.（F）1.Acompanyshouldprovidewelldesignedproducts.

T2.Acompanyshouldplacecompany'sinterestatthefirstplace.T

3.Acompanyshouldreducetheamountofwaste.

F4.Acompanyshouldsatisfyallemployees'requirements.

F5.Acompanyshouldproducequalifiedproducts.T1.Mikeismetbyanengineerattheconstructionsite.F2.Theconstructionsitedoesn'tlookverybusy.F3.Mikedoesn'tinspectthewholeconstructionsite.T4.Itisnotthefirsttimetheconstructionsitebeinginspected.T5.Fraserknowsclearlyhowthequalityiscontrolledattheconstructionsite.T1.Theemergencyresponseplanisneededforreducingpanicandconfusionwhenanemergencyoccurs.T2.SupplyofbasicnecessitiesisnotincludedinanERP.F3.Accordingtothepassage,theblockedemergencyexitscanhelpavoidfurtherhazards.F4.Theevacuationplanofyourworkplaceshouldbeinlinewiththatoflocalemergencymanagementoffice.T5.Toensurethatemployeesknowwhattodoinanemergencyandtotesttheeffectivenessofemergencyexitroutes,theemergencydrillsshouldbeheldoncehalfayear.F二、翻译，选择对的的翻译，操作提醒：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的对的答案。1.Ifyouaresmartenough,andhavegotambitionandkeeppushingforward,youcanrisetothetopofyourchosenprofession.C.假如你既聪颖过人，又有上进心，并且勇往直前，那么你就可以在自己所选的职业领域中出类拔萃。2.It'suptoyoutostriveforyourplace,tokeepyourselfengagedandproductiveduringaworkinglifethatmaylastaround50years.B.在大概50年的职业生涯中，能否积极上进，勤奋工作，获得成效是取决于你自己的。3.Theyaresounusualbothintheirtalentsandtheiraccomplishmentsastobeconsideredrareexceptions.A.正由于他们既才智过人，又成就不凡，因此他们这样的例子少之又少。4.Wewillhavetoplaceourselveswherewecanmakethegreatestcontribution.C.我们应当把自己放到能做出最大奉献的位置。5.Somearestillnervousaboutlosingtheirjobsdespitethelowwages.A.尽管工资不高，但还是有诸多人紧张失去这份工作。1.Thoughtheyhavealotofapplicants,theycan'tfindthepeopletheywant.B.虽然有诸多应聘者，不过他们却找不到合适的人。2.Practisingmoreisthekeytoleaningalanguage.A.学习语言的关键是要多练习。3.Somearestillnervousaboutlosingtheirjobsdespitethelowwages.A.尽管工资不高，但还是有诸多人紧张失去这份工作。4.Theteacherpointedoutthegrammarmistakesinthewriting.C.老师指出了作文里的语法错误。5.Howwilltheevaluationoftheseinvestmentsbecarriedout?B.怎样对这些投资进行评估呢？1.Thecostofthenewprojectwillgooverbudget.A.新项目的支出将超过预算。2.Howwilltheevaluationoftheseinvestmentsbecarriedout?B.怎样对这些投资进行评估呢？3.Acreditcardisaninterestfreeshort-termloan.A.信用卡是短期的无息贷款。4.Assessingthedataisavitalpartofcreatinganeffectivemarketingstrategy.C.数据评估是制定有效市场营销方略的重要一环。5.Weshoulddiscouragepeoplefromusingtheircarsinthecitycenters.C.我们应当劝阻人们不要在市中心开车。1.Weshoulddiscouragepeoplefromusingtheircarsinthecitycenters.C.我们应当劝阻人们不要在市中心开车。2.Carownersmayprobablybeagainstitatfirst,butpeoplewhousepublictransportationwillbeinfavorofit.B.车主一开始也许会反对，但使用公共交通工具的人会支持的。3.Youmustapplyforapprovaltodoroadworkandotherroad-relatedactivities.

B.必须在申请获批后，才能进行道路施工与与道路有关的活动。4.Thefirstundergroundfloorissetasidemainlyforpedestriansandcommercialfacilities,whilethesecondundergroundfloorisplannedforparking.

A.地下一层重要用于人行通道和商业设施，而地下二层计划用作停车场。5.Theareaofgrassshouldbekeptshorttodenypestsaplacetolive.

B.草地的面积小某些，就不会给害虫生存的地方。1.Notonlydoestheoffendingcompanysufferlosses,butthewholemilkmarketsuffersasharpdropinsales.C.不仅违规企业遭受损失，并且整个奶制品市场的销售额也大幅下降。2.Butatthemomenttheindustrialstandardsaretoolowtostoptheseproblemsfromoccurring.B.但目前行业原则太低,无法制止这些问题的发生。3.Aquestionthatoftentroublesfoodcompaniesishowtocontrolproblemslikeratsandinsectswithoutharmingthefood.B.常常困扰食品企业的一种问题是,怎样控制老鼠和昆虫，同步又不会对食物导致破坏。4.Theareaofgrassshouldbekeptshorttodenypestsaplacetolive.B.草地的面积小某些，就不会给害虫生存的地方。5.Communityserviceisawayforapersontogivebacktoacommunityinwhichtheylive.B.小区服务是一种人回报他们所居住小区的一种方式。1.Communityserviceisawayforapersontogivebacktoacommunityinwhichtheylive.

B.小区服务是一种人回报他们所居住小区的一种方式。2.Withoutcommunityservicepeoplewouldnotknowthemeaningofcharityandgivingback.C.没有小区服务，人们就不会懂得做慈善和回馈的意义。3.Peopleofallagegroups,withamaximumnumberofyouthareinvolvedintheprocessofcommunityservice.A.所有年龄段的人都投身到了小区服务的事业中，其中年轻人最多。4.Let'sgotoCitibankinsteadoftheotherguydownthestreetbecausetheyaregoodcorporatecitizens.B.去花旗银行吧，而不是街上的其他银行，由于他们是优秀的公民企业。5.Itwasthelate1970sthatAmericanmanufacturingfactoriesrealizedthatqualitycontrolwasasignificantissue.

C.1970年代晚期美国的制造业工厂才意识到质量控制是一种重大问题。1.Qualitycontrolisaseriesofactivitiesthatensureandimprovethequalityofproductsandservice.C.质量控制是一系列保证和提高产品质量与服务的行为。2.Thegoalofstatisticalqualitycontrolwastogatherdatathatwouldallowfortheconstantimprovementofmanufacturingprocesses.A.记录质量控制的目的在于搜集数据以便不停地改善制造工艺。3.Involvement,participation,andteamworkareseenasabsolute'musthaves'ifaqualityworkplaceistobecreated.

B.假如要发明高质量的工作环境，员工介入、员工参与以与团体合作被视为绝对的“必要条件”。4.Itwasthelate1970sthatAmericanmanufacturingfactoriesrealizedthatqualitycontrolwasasignificantissue.C.1970年代晚期美国的制造业工厂才意识到质量控制是一种重大问题。5.Doorwaysoffernogreaterprotectionthananyotherarea.

B.出入口的保护作用不比其他区域强大。1.Buildingoccupantsshouldnotre-enterthebuildinguntilclearedbyemergencypersonnel.C.楼房的居民在危险状况没有被应急人员清除完前不应当再次进入楼道。2.Inaddition,itisrecommendedthatallstaffandfacultymembersmaintainapersonalemergencykitintheirworkarea.A.此外，提议所有员工在工作区放置一套个人急救包。3.Anemergencysituationmayresultinrecoveryproblemsrangingfromrelativelyminortosevere.A.紧急状况也许会导致从相对轻微到严重的多种恢复问题。4.Doorwaysoffernogreaterprotectionthananyotherarea.B.出入口的保护作用不比其他区域强大。5.Wewillhavetoplaceourselveswherewecanmakethegreatestcontribution.C.我们应当把自己放到能做出最大奉献的位置。二、完型填空（每空10分）。Joachim'svision

isbasedon

anideacalledpleaching(编织),wheretreebranchesaregrownsothatthey

naturally

weavetogether.Sincethegrowthpatternsoftreesare1（affected）回答bywindandsunlight,itmaybe

possible

tocontrolthewayatreedevelops.TheseFabricatedTreeHouseHabitatswouldusetreesgrownintoshapesashousing.Oneofthe

2(purposes)回答

ofthesedesignsisthattreeswouldnothavetobecutdownforlumber."A100percenttreehousewouldtake

years

tocreate,"Joachimsaid．3(Dependingon)回答

theclimate,ahousecouldtakeanywherefrom5to30yearstogrow.Fortunately,there'sawayto

speeduptheprocess.Joachimsuggestsincluding

ecological

materialssuchassod(草皮),grassesandlivingbranchesinthehousingdesigns."Thismaterialwouldbeabletomove

as

thehousegrows,"Joachimsaid．Ahomewouldbecomeanactualecosystem,acommunityofplants,animals,andbacteriaworkingtogether.Thetreeswouldalsogiveoffwatervaporthatwouldassistin(heating)回答

thehomes.Solarpanelsandwindwouldhelpprovide

energy.Thetreehomesmightevenhavesoilpockets,

whereplantscouldgrowfromthestructureitself.Workhasalreadybegun

onJoachim'sfirstdesign—ahousemadefrom50percentrecycledand50percentlivingthings.Joachimisconfidentaboutthe

(importance)回答

ofhiswork,asheusesnaturalproducts

withoutdestroyingnature."Theenvironmentanditsstudyareveryimportant.Weneedtorespectnature,don'ttakeitforgranted,"hesaid．It'sveryinterestingtostudynamesofdifferentcountries.Chinesenamesaredifferentfromforeignnames.OnceanEnglishladycameto{visit}me.WhenIwasintroducedtohershesaid,“Gladtomeetyou,MissPing.”Thenshegavemehernamecardwiththreewordsonit:“BettyJ.Black”.SoIsaid,“Thankyou,MissBetty.”Welookedateachotherandlaughedheartily.LaterIfoundthattheEnglishpeople{put;}theirfamilynameslastandthegivennamesfirst,whiletheirmiddlesarenotusedverymuch.IexplainedtoherthattheChinesefamilyname{put}first,thegivennamelast,soshe{should}nevercallmeMissPing.SheaskedifweChinesehadamiddlename.Itoldherwedidn't.ButpeoplemayoftenfindthreewordsonaChinesenamecard.Inthiscasethefamilynamestillcomesfirst,theotherwordsafterit{was;}atwo-wordgivenname.ItisquiteusualinChina.Fruitisgoodforpeople.Manypeopleeatsome{fruit}everyday.Mr.BlackandMrs.BlacklikefruitverymuchandeveryMondayMrs.Blackgoestobuysomefruitintheshopnearherhouse.Themanintheshopknowsherwellandhelpsalot.Shecanbuyall{kinds}offruitthere,likeapples,pears,orangesandbananas.Indifferenttimeoftheyearthe{price}ofeachkindoffruitisnotthe{same},sometimeshigh,somethinglow.Mrs.Blacklikestobuycheapfruit.ButMr.Blacklikesbananasonly.Shebuysbananasforhimeveryweek.Sheonlybuyscheap{fruit}forherself.HaveyouheardaboutGrandparentsWeek?ThisimportantcommunityeventbeganasaonedaycelebrationintocommemorateNationalGrandparentsDay.In,theACTGovernmentexpandedtheprogramtoawholeweektofullycapturethetrueworthofgrandparentsinalltheirvariousforms.Thisyear'sfestivalincludesanexcitingrangeofevents,programsandactivitiesforyoungandoldplusthoseinbetween!Singsomeoldtimetunesorshakeamoveonthedancefloor.Joinafungameofbowlsortabletennis.

Playyourhandatcards.AttendaSeniorClubOpenDay.

Partakeindeliciousmorningteas.

Whateveryourvintagethere'ssomethingforeveryoneduringGrandparentsWeek!Doesyourcommunitygrouphaveagreateventoractivityinmindforseniors?WouldyouliketoincludeitaspartoftheGrandparentsWeekprogram?TotalQualityManagement(TQM)isacomprehensiveandstructuredapproachtoorganizationalmanagementthatseekstoimprovethequalityofproductsandservicesthroughongoingrefinementsinresponsetocontinuousfeedback.TQMrequirementsmaybedefinedseparatelyforaparticularorganizationormaybeinadherencetoestablishedstandards,suchastheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization‘sISO9000series.TQMcanbeappl