09职称英语理工类补充短文模拟试题

PAGE709职称英语理工类补充短文模拟试题Growingcooperationamongbranchesoftourismhasprovedvaluabletoallconcerned.Governmentbureaus,tradeandtravelassociations,carriersandpropertiesareallworkingtogethertobringaboutoptimumconditionsfortravelers.

Traveloperators,specialistsinthefieldofplanning,sponsorextensiveresearchprograms.Theyhaveknowledgeofallareasandallcarrierservices,andtheyareexpertsinorganizingdifferenttypesoftoursand____(1)____.Theydistributematerialstoagencies,suchasjournals,brochuresandadvertisingprojects.Theyofferfamiliarizationandworkshoptours____(2)____.

Touristcounselorsgivevaluableseminarstoacquaintagentswithnewprogramsandtechniquesinselling.Inthiswayagentslearn____(3)____andtosuggestdifferentmodesandcombinationsoftravel-planes;ships,trains,motorcoaches,car-rentals,andevencarpurchases.

Propertiesandagenciesworkcloselytogethertomakethemostsuitablecontracts,consideringboththecomfortoftheclientsandtheirownprofitablefinancialarrangement.Agenciesrelyuponthegoodservicesofhotels,and,conversely,____(4)____,tofulfilltheircontractsandtosendthemclients.

Thesameconfidenceexistsbetweenagenciesandcarriers,____(5)____.Carriersaredependentuponagenciestosupplypassengers,andagenciesaredependentuponcarrierstopresentthemwithmarketabletours.Allservicesmustworktogetherforgreaterefficiency,fairpricingandcontentedcustomers.

Aincludingcar-rentalandsight-seeingservices.

Bsothatinashorttimeagentscanobtainfirst-handknowledgeofthetours.

Cinpreparingeffectiveadvertisingcampaigns

Dasaresulttourismisflouringinallcountries

Ehotelsrelyuponagencies

Ftoexplaindestinations

答案

1.C

2.B

3.F

4.E

5.ADeathcontrolAveryimportantworldproblem-infact,Iaminclinedtosayitisthemostimportantofallthegreatworldproblems________(1)_________-istherapidlyincreasingpressureofpopulationonlandandonlandresources.

Thisenormousincreaseofpopulationwillcreateimmenseproblems.By2000A.D.,unlesssomethingdesperatehappens,therewillbeasmanyas7,000,000,000peopleonthesurfaceoftheearth!Sothisisaproblemwhichyouaregoingtoseeinyourlifetime

Whyisthisenormousincreaseinpopulationtakingplace?Itisreallyduetothespreadoftheknowledgeandthepracticeof_________(2)_______.YouhaveheardofBirthControl?DeathControlissomethingratherdifferent.DeathControlrecognizestheworkofthedoctorsandthenursesandthehospitalsandthehealthservicesinkeepingalivepeoplewho,_____(3)_____,Wouldhavediedofsomeoftheincrediblyseriouskillingdiseases,astheyusedtodo.Squalidconditions,whichwecanremedybyanimprovedstandardofliving,causedalotofdiseaseanddirt.Medicalexaminationsatschoolcatchdiseasesearlyandensurehealthierschoolchildren.Scientistsareatworkstampingoutmalariaandothermoredeadlydiseases.Ifyouareseriouslyillthereisanambulancetotakeyoutoamodernhospital.Medicalcarehelps_____(4)______.Weusedtothinkseventywasagoodage;noweighty,ninety,itmaybe,arecomingtoberecognizedasanormalageforhumanbeings.PeoplearelivinglongerbecauseofthisDeathControl,and_____(5)_____,sothepopulationoftheworldisshootingup.

练习：

Afewerchildrenaredying

Bafewyearsago

CwhatiscomingtobecalledDeathControl

Dwhichfaceusatthepresenttime

Emakingitpossibleforpeopletolivelonger

Ftokeeppeoplealivelonger

答案:1.D

2.C

3.B

4.F

5.ALudwigvanBeethoven

LudwigvanBeethoven,amajorcomposerofthenineteenthcentury,overcamemanypersonalproblemstoachieveartisticgreatness.

BorninBonn,Germany,in1770,befirststudiedmusicwiththecourtorganist,GillesvanderEeden.Hisfatherwasexcessivelystrictandgiventoheavydrinking.Whenhismotherdied,Beethoven,____(1)____,wasnamedguardianofhistwoyoungerbrothers.AppointeddeputycourtorganisttoChristianGottlobNeefeatasurprisinglyearlyagein1782,Beethovenalsoplayedtheharpsichordandtheviola.In1792hewassenttoViennabyhispatron,CountFerdinandWaldstein,tostudymusicunderHaydn.

Beethovenremainedunmarried.Becauseofirregularpaymentsfromhispublishersanderraticsupportfromhispatrons,____(2)____.Continuallyplaguedbyillhealth,hedevelopedanearinfectionwhichledtohistragicdeafnessin1819.

Inspitedofthishandicap,____(3)____.Hecompletedmaturemasterpiecesofgreatmusicaldepth:threepianosonata,fourstringquartets,theMissaSolemnis,andthe9thSymphony.Hediedin1827.Hislifewasmarked____(4)____.

NotingthatBeethovenoftenflewintofitsofrage,Goetheoncesaidofhim,"Iamastonishedbyhistalent,butheisunfortunatelyanaltogetheruntamedpersonality."AlthoughBeethoven’spersonality____(5)____,hismusicshowsgreatdisciplineandcontrol,andthisishowwerememberhimbest.

Ahowever,hecontinuedtowritemusic

Bhewastroubledbyfinancialworriesthroughouthisadultlife

Cbyapassionatededicationtoindependence

Dthenayoungman

Emayhavebeenuntamed

Fhismusichasbeenlovedoverthepastcenturies

答案:1.D

2.B

3.A

4.C

5.EAlbertEinstein,whosetheoriesonspacetimeandmatterhelpedunravelthesecretsoftheatomandoftheuniverse,waschosenas"PersonoftheCentury"byTimemagazineonSunday.

Amanwhoseverynameissynonymouswithscientificgenius,Einsteinhascometorepresent_(1)_thefloweringof20thcenturyscientificthoughtthatsetthestagefortheageoftechnology.

"Theworldhaschangedfarmoreinthepast100yearsthaninanyothercenturyinhistory.Thereasonisnotpoliticaloreconomic,buttechnological-technologies_(2)_,"wrotetheoreticalphysicistStephenHawkinginaTimeessayexplainingEinstein'ssignificance."Clearly,noscientistbetterrepresentsthoseadvancesthanAlbertEinstein."

Timechoseasrunner-upPresidentFranklinRoosevelttorepresentthetriumphoffreedomanddemocracyoverfascism,andMahatmaGandhiasaniconforacenturywhencivilandhumanrightsbecamecrucialfactorsinglobalpolitics.

"WhatwesawFranklinRooseveltembodyingthegreatthemeoffreedom'sfightagainsttotalitarianism,Gandhipersonifyingthegreatthemeofindividualsstrugglingfortheirrights,andEinsteinbeingbothagreatgeniusandagreatsymbolofascientificrevolutionthatbroughtwithitamazingtechnologicaladvances_(3)_,"saidTimeMagazineEditorWalterIsaacson.

EinsteinwasborninUlm,Germanyin1879.Inhisearlyyears,Einsteindidnotshowthepromiseofwhathewastobecome.Hewasslowtolearntospeakanddidnotdowellinelementaryschool.Hecouldnotstomachorganizedlearningandloathedtakingexams.

In1905,however,hewastopublishatheorywhichstandsasoneofthemostintricateexamplesofhumanimaginationinhistory.Inhis"SpecialTheoryofRelativity,"Einsteindescribedhowtheonlyconstantintheuniverseisthespeedoflight.Everythingelse-mass,weight,space,eventimeitself-isavariable.Andheofferedtheworldhisnow-famousequation:energyequalsmasstimesthespeedoflightsquared-E=mc2.

"Indirectly,relativitypavedthewayforanewrelativisminmorality,artandpolitics,"Isaacsonwroteinanessay___(4)____."Therewaslessfaithinabsolutes,notonlyoftimeandspacebutalsooftruthandmorality."

Einstein'sfamousequationwasalsotheseedthatledtothedevelopmentofatomicenergyandweapons.In1939,sixyearsafterhefledEuropeanfascismandsettledatPrincetonUniversity,Einstein,anavowedpacifist,signedalettertoPresidentRoosevelturgingtheUnitedStatestodevelopanatomicbombbeforeNaziGermanydid.Rooseveltheededtheadviceandformedthe"ManhattanProject"_(5)_.Einsteindidnotworkontheproject.

EinsteindiedinPrinceton,NewJerseyin1955.

A．explainingTime'schoices

B.howhethoughtoftherelativitytheory

C.morethananyotherperson

D.thatsecretlydevelopedthefirstatomicweapon

E.thatfloweddirectlyfromadvancesinbasicscience

F.thathelpedexpandthegrowthoffreedom

答案:1.C

2.E

3.F

4.A

5.DTheFirstFourMinutes

Whendopeopledecidewhetherornottheywanttobecomefriends?Duringtheirfirstfourminutestogether,accordingtoabookbyDr.LeonardZunin.Inhisbook,"Contact:Thefirstfourminutes",heoffersthisadvicetoanyone__(1)___:"Everytimeyoumeetsomeoneinasocialsituation,givehimyourundividedattentionforfourminutes.Alotofpeople’swholeliveswouldchangeiftheydidjustthat".

Youmayhavenoticedthattheaveragepersondoesnotgivehisundividedattentiontosomeonehehasjustmet.Hekeepslookingovertheotherperson’sshoulder,asif__(2)__.Ifanyonehaseverdonethistoyou,youprobablydidnotlikehimverymuch.

Whenweareintroducedtonewpeople,theauthorsuggests,weshouldtrytoappearfriendlyandself-confident.Ingeneral,hesays,"Peoplelikepeoplewholikethemselves".

Ontheotherhand,weshouldnotmaketheotherpersonthinkwearetoosureofourselves.Itisimportanttoappearinterestedandsympathetic,realizingthattheotherpersonhashisownneeds,fears,andhopes.

Hearingsuchadvice,onemightsay,"ButI’mnotafriendly,self-confidentperson.That’snotmynature.Itwouldbedishonestformetoactthatway".

Inreply,Dr.Zuninwouldclaimthatalittlepracticecanhelpus__(3)__.Wecanbecomeaccustomedtoanychangeswechoosetomakeinourpersonality."Itislikegettingusedtoanewcar.Itmaybeunfamiliaratfirst,butitgoesmuchbetterthantheoldone."

Butisn’titdishonesttogivetheappearanceoffriendlyself-confidencewhenwedon’tactuallyfeelthatway?Perhaps,butaccordingtoDr.Zunin,’totalhonesty"isnotalwaysgoodforsocialrelationships,especiallyduringthefirstfewminutesofcontact.Thereisatimeforeverything,andacertainamountofplay-actingmaybebestforthefirstfewminutesofcontactwithastranger.Thatisnotthetimetocomplainaboutone’shealthortomentionfaultsonefindsinotherpeople.Itisnotthetimetotellthewholetruthaboutone’sopinionsandimpressions.

Muchof__(4)__alsoappliestorelationshipswithfamilymembersandfriends.Forahusbandandwifeoraparentandchild,problemsoftenariseduringtheirfirstfourminutestogetheraftertheyhavebeenapart.Dr.Zuninsuggeststhatthesefirstfewminutestogetherbetreatedwithcare.Ifthereareunpleasantmatterstobediscussed,theyshouldbedealtwithlater.

Theauthorsaysthatinterpersonalrelationsshouldbetaughtasarequiredcourseineveryschool,alongwithreading,writing,andmathematics.Inhisopinion,successinlifedependsmainlyon__(5)_.Thatisatleastasimportantashowmuchweknow.

A)Feelcomfortableaboutchangingoursocialhabits

B)Whathasbeensaidaboutstrangers

C)Howwegetalongwithotherpeople

D)Interestedinstartingnewfriendships

E)Hopingtofindsomeonemoreinterestinginanotherpartoftheroom

F)Whoareeagertomakefriendswitheveryone

答案:1.D

2.E

3.A

4.B

5.CThedevelopmentofagricultureandthebalancebetweenfoodandpopulationareChina’sfundamentaleconomicproblems.TheclassicalhistoriespraiseemperorsfordevotiontoagricultureandmuchofChina’smodernhistoryis____(1)____,whichhasbeengrowingsteadily.

Today,althoughagricultureaccountsforonlyaquarteroftheGrossNationalProduct,itisstillthemaindeterminantofthestandardoflivingandtheprincipaloccupationofatleast70percentofpopulation.

Agriculturealso_____(2)____becauseindustryneedsbothagriculturalrawmaterialsandfoodforitsworkforce.Thefailureofagriculturetosupplyrawmaterialandfoodhaltedandlaterreversedtheindustrialprogressofthe1950’s,After1960newemphasiswasplacedonagriculture,andtheslogan"Agricultureisthefoundationoftheeconomy"hasremainedacentralChineseeconomicpolicyeversince.

___(3)___,thereisanindirectlinkduetotherelationshipbetweenagricultureandforeigntrade.ManyofChina’sexportsare___(4)___orconsumergoodsbasedonthem.Flourishingagriculture,therefore,promotesexports.Italsoreducestheneedtospendforeignexchangeonimportsofgrainandcotton,therefore__(5)___.

练习：

Adeterminestheprogressofindustry

Bthestoryoftheunfoldingstruggletofeedapeasantpopulation

Ceitheragriculturalrawmaterials

Denlargingthecapacityoftheeconomytoimportmachineryandcommoditiesforindustry

EInadditiontothedirectlinksbetweenagricultureandindustry

Fthuspromotingbothimportandexport

答案

:

1.B

2.A

3.F

4.C

5.DTestsShowWomenSuitedforSpaceTravel

Between1977and1981,threegroupsofAmericanwoman,___(1)___,betweentheageof35and65,weregivenmonth-longteststodeterminehowtheywouldrespondtoconditionsresemblingthoseaboardthespaceshuttle.

Though___(2)___,thewomenwerevolunteersandthepaywasbarelyabovetheminimumwage.Theywerenotallowed___(3)____duringthetests,andtheywereexpectedtotolerateeachother’scompanyatclosequartersfortheentireperiod.Amongotherthingstheyhadtostandpressurethreetimestheforceofgravityandcarryoutbothphysicalandmentaltasks__(4)__.Attheendoftendays,theyhadtospendafurthertwentydaysabsolutelyconfinedtobed,duringwhichtimetheysufferedbackachesandotherdiscomforts,andwhentheywerefinallyallowedup,themorephysicallyactivewomenwereespeciallysubjecttopainsduetoaslightcalciumloss.

Resultsofthetestssuggestthatwomenwillhavesignificantadvantagesovermeninspace.Theyneedlessfoodandlesoxygenandtheystanduptoradiationbetter.Men’sadvantages__(5)__,meanwhile,arevirtuallywipedoutbythezero-gravityconditioninspace.

A):tosmokeordrinkalcohol

B)carefullyselectedfromamongmanyapplicants

C)numbering27inall

D)intermsofstrengthandstamina

E)thosewhoarephysicallystronger

F)whileexhaustedfromstrenuousphysicalexercise

答案:1.C

2.B

3.A

4.F

5.DDevelopmentinNewspaperOrganization

Oneofthemostimportantdevelopmentsinnewspaperorganizationduringthefirstpartofthetwentiethcentury______(1)_______,whichareknownaswireservices.Wire-servicecompaniesemployedreporters,whocoveredstoriesallovertheworld.Theirnewsreportsweresenttopapersthroughoutthecountrybytelegraph.Thepaperspaidanannualfeeforthisservice.Wireservicescontinue_______(2)________.TodaythemajorwireservicesaretheAssociatedPress(AP)andUnitedPressInternational(UPI).YouwillfrequentlyfindAPorUPIatthebeginningofanewsstory.

Newspaperchainsandmergersbegantoappearintheearly1900s.Achainconsistsoftwoormorenewspapers_______(3)______.Amergerinvolvescombiningtwoormorepapersintoone.Duringthenineteenthcenturymanycitieshadmorethanonecompetitiveindependentpaper.Todayinmostcitiesthereareonlyoneortwonewspapers,and_______(4)______.Oftennewspapersinseveralcitiesbelongtoonechain.Papershavecombined________(5)_______.Chainsandmergershavecutdownproductioncostsandbroughttheadvantagesofbig-businessmethodstothenewspaperindustry.

A.toplayanimportantroleinnewspaperoperations

B.wasthegrowthoftelegraphservices

C.andtheyusuallyenjoygreatprestige

D.theyareusuallyoperatedbyasingleowner

E.inordertosurviveunderthepressureofrisingcosts

F.ownedbyasinglepersonororganization

答案:1.B

2.A

3.F

4.D

5.ETheBuildingofthePyramids

Theoldeststonebuildingsintheworldarethepyramids.Theyhavestoodfornearly5,000years,anditseemslikethat_____(1)_____.ThereareovereightyofthemscatteredalongthebanksoftheNile,someofwhicharedifferentinshapefromthetruepyramids.Themostfamousofthesearethe"Step"pyramidandthe"Bent"pyramid.

Someofthepyramidsstilllookmuchthesameastheymusthavedonewhentheywerebuiltthousandsofyearsago.Mostofthedamagesufferedbytheothershasbeenatthehandsofmenwhowerelookingfortreasureor,moreoften,____(2)____.ThedryclimateofEgypthashelpedtopreservethepyramids,andtheirveryshape_____(3)_____.Thesearegoodreasonswhytheycanstillbeseentoday,butperhapsthemostimportantisthattheywereplannedtolastforever.

Itispracticallycertainthatplansweremadeforthebuildingofthepyramids_____(4)____.However,therearenowritingsorpicturestoshowushowtheEgyptiansplannedorbuiltthepyramidsthemselves.Consequently,weareonlyabletoguessatthemethodsused.Nevertheless,byexaminingtheactualpyramidsandvarioustoolswhichhavebeenfound,archaeologistshaveformedafairlyclearpictureofthem.

Onethingiscertain:theremusthavebeenmonthsofcarefulplanning_____(5)_____.Thefirstthingtheyhadtodowastochooseasuitableplace.Youmaythinkthiswouldhavebeeneasywithmilesandmilesofemptydesertaround,butapyramidcouldnotbebuiltjustanywhere.Certainruleshadtobefollowed,andcertainproblemshadtobovercome.

:

Aforstonetouseinmodernbuildings

Bhasmadethemlesslikelytofallintoruin

Cbeforetheycouldbegintobuild

Dbecausetheplansofotherlargeworkshavefortunatelybeenpreserved

Ewhilebuildingthepyramids

Ftheywillcontinuetostandforthousandsofyearsyet

答案:1.F

2.A

3.B

4.D

5.CPublicrelationsisabroadsetofplannedcommunicationsaboutthecompany,includingpublicityreleases,designedtopromotegoodwillandafavorableimage.

Publicitythenispartofpublicrelationswhenitisinitiatedbythefirm,__(1)__.Sin