外研版（2023）高中英语选择性必修第三册 Unit5 Learning from nature 作业（含答案）

第第页外研版（2023）高中英语选择性必修第三册Unit5Learningfromnature作业（含答案）Unit5Learningfromnature作业

一、完形填空

ThefirstcablecaroriginatedfromSanFrancisco.Theywereinventedbeforetheautomobileinthedayswhenhorse-drawnstreetcarswerethepopularpublictransportation.

Oneday,AndrewHallidie,whosefatherwastheinventorofthewirerope,witnessedaterrible1involvingastreetcarforwhichitwasthat2theideaofthecablerailway.Hewaswanderingaroundthestreetwhenhenoticedahorsestrugglingto3thestreetcarupJacksonStreet.It’s4andwasdraggedbackdownahill,passengersandgoods5outofthecarriage.ThisscenetriggeredHallidietofinda6waytotransportpeopleandthings.

Backhome,Hallidie7strandsofwireropestomakewirecables,believingthecableswouldbe8enoughtopullthecablecars.Thenhefoundsomeonetohelphim9thecars,withdifficultybutsuccessfully.HealsomanagedtogetthehelpofWilliamE.Eppelsheimer,aGermanengineer,who10thefirstcablecarline.Finally,Hallidieobtainedaformal11fromalawyernamedBenjaminBrookstobuildavalidsystem.

August2,1873sawthefirsttrialofthecablecar.Originally,Hallidiehiredagripmantooperatethecar.Butafterlookingdownthe12hill,themanrefusedfirmly.Hallidiedecidedto13itbyhimselffromJonesStreettoKearneyStreetbywayofClayStreet,knownastheClayStreetHilllinetoday.Aboutonemonthafterthetestrun,theLineopenedfor14use.Fromthenon,otherlinesopenedinSanFranciscoaswellasinotherU.Scitiesandcitiesoverseas.Tillnow,SanFranciscoistheonlycitywherethecablecarstill15.

1．A．accidentB．horseC．quarrelD．game

2．A．remindedB．conceivedC．recalledD．convinced

3．A．catchB．pushC．kickD．pull

4．A．slippedB．slidC．ranD．jumped

5．A．collapsingB．fallingC．eruptingD．unfolding

6．A．wiserB．rougherC．saferD．broader

7．A．twistedB．revisedC．fixedD．divided

8．A．longB．thickC．roughD．strong

9．A．manufactureB．sellC．designD．advertise

10．A．tookonB．pulledupC．builtupD．laidout

11．A．announcementB．permissionC．commitmentD．appointment

12．A．wideB．steepC．primitiveD．remote

13．A．fetchB．dragC．driveD．direct

14．A．publicB．personalC．outsideD．external

15．A．hatchesB．refreshesC．operatesD．casts

二、阅读理解

Foroveradecade,ZubinKanga,apianist,composerandtechnologist,haschangedthelimitsoftheformsofmusicalperformances.Hehasbothorganizedandperformedshowsthathavepushedbarriers,withmotionsensors,artificialintelligence(AI),live-generated3Dvisualsandvirtualrealityamongthetechnologicaladvancementsusedtounlocknewpossibilitiesofmusicandperformances.

Kanga’sapproachtoemployingcutting-edgetechnologywasfirstinformedbytherelativelimitationsofhischoseninstrument.“Thepianoisaveryaccuratetechnology,”hesays.“Fromtheearly20thcenturytillnowithasn’treallychangedatall.It’sanamazinginstrument,butitdoeshavecertainlimitationsintermsofthetypesofsoundyoucancreate.”

OneoftheearlyworksisSteelonBone,composedbyKangahimself.HeperformsthepieceusingMiMUmulti-sensorgloves.“Icanputuponefinger,andthat’llproduceaparticularsound,”Kangaexplains.“AndthenIcancontrolthatsoundjustbymovingmywristthroughtheair—Icandothatwithlotsofdifferentgestures.”

“ForSteelonBone,I’mactuallyplayinginsidethepianowiththesesteelknitting(编织)needles,andgettingalltheseinterestingeffectsonthestrings.ThenI’musingsamplesofthem.SometimesI’musinglivedelaysandoperatingthem.Thesoundcanchangedependingonhowmyhandsaremoving.Itallowsmetomakeaverytheatricalpiece,andpeoplecanseethisimmediateconnectionbetweenhowI’mmoving—theseverybig,almostconductor-likegesturesthroughtheair—andthewaythesoundischanging,”saidKanga.

Thisisjustthestart,andKangagoesontobeenthusedwiththeuseofmotionsensorstomakemusic,thepossibilitiesthatAIofferscomposersasatool,andhowvirtualrealitycouldtransformperformancesandmore.

16．Whatdotechnologicaladvancementsdoformusicandperformances

A．Removemusicbarriers.

B．Bringnewperformanceforms.

C．Popularizemusicalperformances.

D．Makeperformancesprofessional.

17．WhydoesKangatalkaboutthepianoinparagraph2

A．Toindicateitsstability.

B．Toproveitsrareaccuracy.

C．Toshowithasalonghistory.

D．Toclarifywhyheusestechnology.

18．HowdoesKangaperformSteelonBone

A．Bymovinghishandsintheair.B．Bypressingthepianokeys.

C．Bybeatingthesteelknittingneedles.D．Bymakingverysmallgestures.

19．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A．Technology:WhenItReplacesMusic

B．VirtualReality:FutureofPerformances

C．ZubinKanga:WhenMusicMeetsTechnology

D．AIMusic:FromComposingtoPerforming

WhomshouldyoumarryWhereshouldyouliveHowshouldyouspendyourtimeForcenturies,peoplehavereliedontheirgutinstincts(直觉)tofigureouttheanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.Now,though,thereisabetterway.Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviorhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.

Therehaslongbeenoverwhelming-andoftensurprising-evidencethatalgorithms(算法)canbemuchbetterthanpeopleatmakingdifficultdecisions.Researchershavecollecteddataonvariouskindsofchoicespeoplemake,theinformationtheybasethosechoiceson,andhowthingsturnout.Theyhavefound,forexample,thatasimpledata-drivenalgorithmwouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjail(监狱)orbereleased;betterthandoctorsatdecidingwhetherapatientshouldgetaprocedure;andbetterthanschoolprincipalsatdecidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.

Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanscouts(物色优秀运动员的人)atpickingplayers,andbetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.Infinance,thehedgefund(避险基金)RenaissanceTechnologiesdramaticallydefeatedcompetitorsbyseekingoutpatternsinstockmarketdataandusingthemtoinformitsinvestmentstrategy.TechfirmsinSiliconValleyhavefoundthatdatafromexperimentsprovidesbetterinsightsintohowtodesigntheirwebsitesthandesignerscould.

Thesearetheearlydaysofthedatarevolutionindecision-making.Iamnotclaimingthatwecancompletelyoutsource(外包)ourlifestylechoicestoalgorithms,thoughwemightgettothatpointinthefuture.Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidenceminedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.Andwecandothatnow.

20．Whatmakespeoplebetteratfindinganswerstolife-changingquestions

A．People’sbettergutinstincts.B．Changedhumanbehavior.

C．Themoderninformationera.D．Variouscoursesaccessible.

21．Accordingtoparagraph2,algorithmsmightNOTdefeatpeoplein______.

A．courtrulingsB．jobpromotions

C．operativeestimationD．teachingpractices

22．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3

A．TheplotofthemovieMoneyballisrelatedtosuccessfuldataanalysis.

B．Scoutsandmanagersarenotneededinsuccessfulbaseballteams.

C．ThehedgefundRenaissanceTechnologieshadsomefinancialproblems.

D．TechfirmsinSiliconValleymainlyreliedondatatodesignwebsites.

23．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith

A．Themoderninformationeraismatureenoughtotakeadvantageof.

B．Peopleshouldoutsourceallthelifestylechoicestoalgorithms.

C．Withbigdatapeoplecanlearnfromcountlesssimilarexamples.

D．Face-to-faceconsultationwillbethemajortrendinthefuture.

Asmallrobotthatcanchangeitsshapeandproduceheatshowspotentialintargetingcancercellsandpreventinginternalbleeding.Itcanalsobeusedfordeliveringdrugsdirectlytotumors(肿瘤)orinaccessibleareaswithinthehumanbody.

Researchers,ledbyRenHaoSoonattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart,Germany,developedacentimeter-sizedrobotinspiredbypangolins(穿山甲).Itisconstructedwithsoftandmagnetic(磁性的)materials,allowingtherobottochangeitsshape.

Toenablemovement,shapeshifting,andheatgeneration,theresearchersappliedmagneticfieldstotherobot’smetalparts.Byadjustingthefrequencyofthesefields,therobotwasabletoheatupandgiveoutheatintoitssurroundings.Theteamobservedthattherobot’sbodytemperaturecouldbeover70℃.

Inaddition,theresearchersusedtherobot’sheattodeliversubstanceswithinasimulated(模拟的)stomachenvironment.Theyattachedsomethingsimulatingmedicinecapsulesontotherobot,whichdissolveduponheating,therebyreleasingthegoods.Thistechniqueholdspromisefortargeteddrugdeliveryinsidethebody.

Soon,histeamalsotestedtherobot’sabilitytohaltbleeding.Theycreatedwoundsusingadeadpig’sstomach.Bypumpingbloodthroughasmallincisionusingasyringe,theysimulatedbleeding.Subsequently,therobotextendedandcoveredthearea,givingoutheattohelpstopbleeding.

AccordingtoJakeAbbottfromtheUniversityofUtah,therobotcouldpotentiallybeemployedfortargeteddestructionoftumorcells,reducingtheneedforexposinglargeamountsoftissuetoradiationorchemicals.Byraisingtherobot’stemperaturetoalevelunsafefornormalcellsandkeepingitinplaceforafewminutes,cancercellscanbekilled.Abbottemphasizesthehightemperaturesensitivityofthehumanbody.

24．Whatcanweinferaboutthesmallrobot

A．Ithasbeenputintouse.

B．Itismainlyusedtodelivergoods.

C．Itdrawsinspirationfromthenaturalworld.

D．Itcan’tbeusedwithoutaddinghardelements.

25．Howdotheresearchersmaketherobotchangeshape

A．Byusingheat.B．Byusingmagnets.

C．Byusingradiation.D．Byusingchemicals.

26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halt”inparagraph5mean

A．Stop.B．Challenge.C．Evaluate.D．Explore.

27．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A．ATinyRobotWillBeUsedInMedicine

B．ScientistsWillMakeRobotsGiveOutHeat

C．ASmallRobotWasMadeToDeliverGoods

D．DoctorsHaveUsedTinyRobotsToCureTumors

Thiswillbeanimportantyearforpioneersdevelopingelectricverticaltake-offandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft(垂直起降飞机),popularlyknownasflyingtaxis.Severalfirmsarehopingtheircraftcanobtainthenecessarycertificationin2023tostartcommercialproduction,gettingreadyforthefirstpassengerservices.

Airtaxisgenerallycarryfewerthanhalfadozenpassengers.Theylandandtakeoffverticallyusingmultiplesmallrotors(旋翼).Withcleversoftwarecontrollingtherotors,theyareeasiertoflyandreadilycapableofautonomousflight.Theplentifulnumberofrotorsalsohelpswithsafety,astheaircraftcancontinuetoflyifoneormorefail.

Somedesignsuseanextrarotorortwoatthebacktopushtheaircraftalongduringflight.Others,likethatproducedbyJobyAviation,haverotorslikeasetofsmallwingsprovidinglift,makingmoreefficientuseoftheaircraft'sbatteryandincreasingrange.

Afterthinkinghardabouthowtocertify(授予专业合格证)theseflyingmachines,regulators(监管者)havebeenworkingwithdevelopersonsafetystandards.Thisisamulti-stageprocess.Besidesobtaining“type”approval,whichshowstheairworthinessofanewtypeofaircraft,factoriesmustbecertifiedbeforeproductioncanbegininvolume.Andanairline-stylelicenceisrequiredifpayingpassengersaretobepaniesareworkinghardtogettheseapprovals.Pilotedoperationsareexpectedtobeapprovedbeforeautonomousflights.

InGermany,Volocopterwillbeflight-testingafamilyofeVTOLs.Thefirmishopingitssmallest,thetwo-seaterVoloCity,canbecertifiedintimeforthe2024OlympicsinParis,wheretheplanistooperatetripsbetweenairportsandtheathletes'village.Otherair-taxifirmsalsohopetoprovideservicesinParis,orattheWorldExpo,whichtakesplaceinJapanin2025.

28．WhatcanmakeeVTOLaircraftsafer

A．Fewerpassengers.B．Smartersoftware.C．Morerotors.D．Smallerwings.

29．WhatcanwesayaboutthecertifyingprocessofeVTOLaircraft

A．Efficient.B．Complicated.C．Confusing.D．Creative.

30．WhatdoesVolocopterexpectofitsVoloCity

A．Itwilldefeatairtaxisfromotherfirms.B．ItwillparticipateinthenextWorldExpo.

C．Itwillconductpilotedoperationsin2025.D．Itwillprovideservicesforthe2024Olympics.

31．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext

A．ThefutureoftransportationB．Thedevelopmentofflyingcraft

C．AgreenvehicletakesflightD．Theairtaxiiscoming

Reshapingtheworldforafossilfuel-freefuturemeansworkingquickly.Climatescientistssaycarbonemissionsmuststopby2025tominimizeenvironmentaldamage.Andbydesigningcomputationalmaterialstogetherwithmakerswhocanbuildandtestthemquickly,scientistscanrapidlydeveloptechnologieslikemorepowerfulsolarcellsandcarbatteries.

Michaelisthenameofasupercomputerdevotedtojustonetask-discoveringtheultimatebatterysystem.ResearchersatUniversityCollegeLondonwilluseMichaeltodigitallybuildandtestprototypes(原型)ineverynewmaterialandtypeofcellpossibletoimprovebatterylife,performanceandprice.

Findingaresilient(弹性的)designforsolid-statebatterieswouldbeahugebreakthroughforelectricvehiclesandenergystorage.Lighter,longer-lastingandcheapersolid-statetechnologycouldvastlyimprovevehiclerangeandchargingtime.Andtheenergyfromsolarandwindpowercouldbemoreefficientlystoreduntilreadyforuse.

ScientistsworkingintheUSandtheUKledthewayinthe1970sindevelopingthelithium-ion(锂离子)batteryusedintoday’selectriccars,laptopsandcameras,ButcommercialunitswereonlydevelopedoncetheJapaneseelectronicsgiantpushedthetechnologyforwardformassproduction.Partnershipsbetweencompaniesanduniversitiescouldultimatelycracksolid-statebatterydesign.OxfordUniversityandsomecompaniesarelookingtowintheinternationalracetocreateadurableproduct.Buttheyareonlyoneamongmany.

Replacingliquidusedinlithium-ionbatterieswithasolidconductormaytakelargedigitalprocessing.Electricvehiclemakersareworkingwithacomputergianttofindsuccessfuldesignsthatmayincludecheapandplentifulmaterialsfoundinseawater.AnelectricvehiclemakerispartneringwithNASAtoopenasolid-statebatteryplantthatusesnorareorexpensivemetals.Theplanistocreatealargedatabaseofmaterialsthatcanbemixedandmatchedforthebestcombinations.

Butcomputationalmaterialsmaybeneededinvirtuallyeveryindustry.Andbyrapidlyclassifyingmillionsofsubstancesontheirabilitytoconductelectricity,theirtoughness,orthewaytheyreflectlight,AIandsupercomputerscanspeeduptheprocessofcreatingmaterialsforjustaboutanything.

32．Whatmessagedoesparagraph1convey

A．It’stoofasttodesigncomputationalmaterials.

B．It’stoolatetoreshapethefossilfuel-freeworld.

C．Developinggreenenergycanreducecarbonemissions.

D．Developingtechnologycanspeedupcarbonemissions.

33．Whataresolid-statebatteriesexpectedtobelike

A．Heavyandsolid.B．Lightbutbreakable.

C．Less-costlyandworkable.D．Expensivebutefficient.

34．WhydoestheauthormentionOxfordUniversityinparagraph4

A．Toshowtheweaknessofmassproduction.

B．Toshowthegoodtrendofthecooperation.

C．Toshowthedifficultyofthebatterydesign.

D．ToshowthedevelopmentofBritishtechnology.

35．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A．MichaelIsDevotedtoStoringSolarEnergy

B．CompaniesandNASAWillPushTechnologyForward

C．ElectricVehicleMakersAreStrugglingtoSolveAirPollution

D．SupercomputersandAICanCreateFutureLow-carbonIndustries

OnthefarminaredoutbuildingbehindLutherJacksonMiddleSchool,MarkSmithpickedapieceofcabbageofftheplantandtookabite.

“Tasteslikevictory,”hesaid,satisfied.

Fifteenengineeringstudentsattheschool,ledbySmith,theirengineeringteacher,havedevelopedandbuiltthefarmusingaquaponics(鱼菜共生)technology,combiningthemethodsofhydroponics,growingplantswithwaterratherthansoil,andaquaculture,theprocessofgrowingandraisingfish.Thefishwasteisusedasfoodfortheplants,whichfilter(过滤)thewatertobereusedinthefishtank.

“Thecreativeprojectwasputforwardbythestudents,”Smithsays.“Effectivelycombiningtechnologywitheducation,itservestoprovideauniquelearningexperience,involvingstudentsincoreSTEMsubjectslikeMath,Biology,ChemistryandEngineering.It’sourhopethatitcanhelpincreasestudents’interestandhands-onskillssothatmorestudentswillbeinspiredandchoosetotakeupengineeringastheircareerinthefuture.”

Notonlycanstudentsstudyfish,plantsandbacteria(细菌)interactinginalivingecosystem,butthey’realsoinchargeofeveryaspectofdevelopingandkeepingthefarm,fromorderingsuppliestoharvestingthegreens.Camryn,14,putatesttubeintothefishtankanddroppedsomechemicalstotestPHlevelsandsomesubstancesinit,Sheheldthetubeuptolight,watchingthecolor.

Behindher,Yusufworkedalongatablewithotherstudentstoharvestthecabbage,stuffingtheleavesintobagstodeliverlaterthatafternoontoabout70families.Forhim,theabilitytogivebacktohiscommunityisthebestpartoftheproject.

“Weshouldallbeproudofourselves,”Yusufsaid,“We’remakingstuffthatpeoplearegoingtobeeating.”

36．Whattechnologydothestudentsapplytothefarm

A．Roboticsandartificialintelligence.B．Mechanizedplantingandharvesting.

C．Raisinggoodbacteriatogrowgrain.D．Combiningfishfarmingandsoillessplanting.

37．WhatdoesSmithwishtodothroughtheproject

A．Createmorepossibleengineers.B．Promotestudents’survivalskills.

C．Improvethefameoftheschool.D．Teachstudentshowtotestwaterquality.

38．WhatmakesYusuffeelthebest

A．Praisefromhiscommunity.B．Hismasteryoffarmingtechniques.

C．Thecompanyofhisclassmates.D．Theircontributionstotheneighborhood.

39．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheschoolproject

A．Challenging.B．Traditional.

C．Student-centered.D．Energy-consuming.

Mishra,anIndian-bornstudentattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainVancouver,waspickingupalcoholbottlesafteraneveningpartywithfriends,whenhedroppedabottle.AsMishrasweptuptheglass,hewondered,“Wheredoesthisgoafterthebottleisbroken”Afterresearching,Mishralearnedthat77%ofglassbottles,eventhosethatareputinarecyclingbin,endupinlandfillsaftertheglassbreaks.

Mishraspenthourslearninghowtoneatlycutandcreateallsortsofnewitemsfromoldglass.Then,togetherwithafewotherpeers,hefoundedastart-upcalledRescuedGlassYVR.Thegroupbrowsedbeachcleanupsandrestaurantstogatherusedglassbottles,whichwereturnedintoavarietyofplatters,candles,glasses,andotheritemsintheirmicrofactory,Whentheyselltheseitemsinlocalmarkets,theygotpositivefeedback,“Itturnsoutthatpeoplearereallyenjoyingit,”saidMishra,“Theyliketheproduct,”

Thestudentstart-upbuiltanameforitselfandgrewinsize.Bytheendof2022,ithadateamofnearlytwodozenstudentsandhadalreadysucceededinrescuingmorethan6,000bottles.That’swhenRescuedGlassYVRdecidedtorebrandandcomebackbigger.

Thebusinessgavethemselvesanothername-Mosa.Mishrasaid,“InthosehousepartiesthealcoholthatweweredrinkingwasMosa,Thenamereallyhelpsuswhenwearethinkingaboutlargerconversations.It’salwaysimportantthatyourememberwhereyou’recomingfromandwheretheprocessofthisentireideaeverstarted.”Inadditiontoproducingbeautifuldecoritemsandsavingglassfromlandfills,MosahasinspiredotherVancouveritestogetinvolvedinmakingtheworldabetterplace.

Itissaidthatglassproducingisresponsiblefor86milliontonsofcarbonemissions(排放)yearly,inadditiontothegarbageglassthatendsupinlandfills,Mosaismakinggooduseofglass,andinspiringotherstodosoaswell.Allbecauseofalittleinspirationafteracollegeparty.

40．WhatcausedMishratofoundhisstart-up

A．Aresearchintotheglass.

B．Abottlecollectingactivity.

C．Abottledroppingaccident.

D．Anenvironmentalthemeparty.

41．HowdoesMishra’sstart-updealwiththeusedbottles

A．Turnthemintodailyitems.

B．Selltheminthemarket.

C．Cleanandreusethem.

D．Cutthemintohalves.

42．Whatistheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedword“rebrand”inparagraph3

A．Recover.B．Rename.C．Rescue.D．Rethink.

43．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthistext

A．TurnTrashIntoTreasureB．MakeEveryPennyCount

C．InspirationLeadstoSuccessD．CreateSomethingFromNothing

三、根据课文内容填空

课本原文填空。

Genesplayacriticalroleinoverallhealth.Everycellinthehumanbodycontainsgeneticinformation.Everythingfromtheageingprocesstothedevelopmentof44,suchascancer,istiedtoanindividual’sgeneticmake-up.However,scientistshavelongbeen45thequestionaboutwhichgeneticmarkersindicateashortorlonglifespan.Thediscoverybytheresearchteammay46ofthestudyongenesandhumanlifespans,andeventuallyhelpanswerthisquestion.

Scientistssaythatlocatingthesesixteengeneticmarkerswillgreatlyimprovetheirunderstandingofhowgenesaffectlifespans.Thesegeneticmarkersmayeventually47ameansoftargetingthespecificgenesconnectedwithlifespans.Thiscouldsignificantlyenhancepeople’schancesoflivingtoaripeoldage.Accordingtosomescientists,itcouldmake48tothefutureofhumanlife.

Atthebasiclevel,artificialintelligenceisabranchofcomputersciencethataimstocreateintelligentmachines.Oneof49ofAIistodevelopcomputerintelligence50learningfromexperience,51newinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.Toachievethisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAIhavebeenputforward,including“deeplearning”,whichenablesamachinetoimproveitsownperformancebylearningfromtheresultsof52.Deep-learningAI53toanalysemassiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,imitatingthecomplexnetworksofthehumanbrain.

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Theinstallation(安装)workforawindturbine(涡轮机)withaninstalledcapacityof16megawatts(兆瓦)beganTuesdaymorningatanoffshorewindfarminPingtan,Fujianprovince.

54(independent)developedbyChina,theturbine,thefirstintheworldwithsuchalargecapacity,hasthreeblades(叶片)witheachstretchingalengthof123meters,whichisthe55(long)bladeever56(install)inChina,accordingtoareportbyChinaMediaGrouponTuesday.

Theliftingandinstallationworkforthefirstbladestartedataround7amonTuesday.Anditwasconnectedwiththeturbine’shub(轮毂)aftermorethantwohours’work,ata57(high)ofaround152metersabovethesea,thereportsaid.

Accordingtothereport,thegiantwindmillwasinstalledatasite58isabout35kilometersawayfromtheshorelineandisfixedontheseabedinawaterdepthofabout40meters.

Inthenextthreehours,worksuchastighteningbolts(螺栓)andequipmentinspection59(be)completed,afterwhichasecondbladewillbeinstalled.

Thediameter(直径)oftheturbine’simpeller(叶轮)is252meters,whichcansweep60areaofabout50,000squaremeters,equal61theareaof7standardsoccerfields,thereportsaid.

62putintooperation,thewindmillcanproduceabout66millionkilowatt-hoursofcleanelectricityperyearonaverage,63(meet)thenormalelectricityconsumptionof36,000householdsofthreeforayear.

五、词性转换

词性转换

64．informv．通知，告知→n．信息

65．rarelyadv.很少，难得→adj.稀有的

66．rejectionn．拒绝，否决→v．拒绝，排斥

67．perseverev．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→n．坚持不懈，耐性

68．criticismn．批评；指责→v．批评

69．endurancen．(忍)耐力→v．忍耐，容忍

70．delightedadj.愉快的，高兴的→n．使人高兴的事v．使高兴→adj.令人愉快的

71．enthusiasticadj.热心的，热衷的→n．热情，热忱→n．热衷者

72．electv．选举，推选→n．选举

73．blessingn．幸事，幸运→v．祝福，保佑

74．appreciativeadj.感激的→v．感激，欣赏→n．感激

75．mereadj.仅仅，只不过→adv.仅仅，只不过

76．gentlenessn．和蔼，温和→adj.温和的

77．permanentadj.长久的；永久的→adv.永久地

78．embarrassedadj.难堪的，尴尬的→v．使尴尬→adj.令人尴尬的→n．窘迫，难堪

六、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子

从方框内选择适当的词来替代句子划线部分的词汇。

materialsharpclaimedmonitorrejectfigurepostponedindicatedefinitelysignaled

79．InChinaConfuciusisafamouspersonwhohasagreatinfluenceonChineseculture.

80．Thoughbornintowealth,hefinallygaveawayallthephysicalpossessionhehad.

81．Aredskyatnightmaybeasignoffineweatherthefollowingday.

82．NASAhasbeentryingtokeepaneyeonspacejunk(垃圾)since1979,butthesmallbitscan’tbetrackedwithcurrenttechnologies.

83．Ihavetoadmitthatitwithoutdoubtfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.

84．Howcouldyouturndownsuchagoodoffer

85．Itisreportedthat13liveswerekilledintheterribletrafficaccident.

86．Themeetinghasalreadybeenputoffthreetimes.

87．Hemadeagesturetothewaiterforthebill.

88．Therewasarapidincreaseininterestrates.

七、其他应用文

89．假设你是李华，你校正在组织青少年科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。请写一封邮件，把你的创意告知你的外国笔友Jane，并征求她的建议。主要内容包括：

1.设计理由；

2.介绍新功能；

3.征求建议。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.文章开头与结尾已给出，不记入总字数。

DearJane,

How’severythinggoingthesedaysNowadays,aTeenagers’scienceAndTechnologyInnovationContestisbeingheldinmyschool.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Sincerelyyours,

LiHua

八、概要写作

90．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Weare