英语专业语言学历年真题试卷汇编范文

英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编24(总分：94.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、填空题(总题数：7，分数：14.00)1."Linguisticrelativity"wasproposedby1and2.(清华研)

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（对的答案：对的答案：Sapir）填空项1:__________________

（对的答案：Whorf）解析：解析：萨丕尔一沃尔夫假说认为，首先，语言可以决定我们的思维方式；另首先，语言之间的相似性是相对的，构造性差异越大，反应出对于世界认识的越不一样。因此，这个假说也被称作“语言决定论”和“语言相对主义”。2.Psycholinguisticsisabranchoflinguisticswhichisthestudyofpsychologicalaspectsoflanguage.Asaninterdisciplinaryacademicfield,itinvestigatesthefollowingmajorsubjects;1,2and3.

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（对的答案：对的答案：acquisition）填空项1:__________________

（对的答案：comprehension）填空项1:__________________

（对的答案：production）解析：解析：心理语言学作为语言学的一种分支，是从心理学的角度来研究语言，重要包括语言习得，语言理解和语言产生。3.A1languageisoriginallyapidginthathasbecomeestablishedasanativelanguageinsomespeechcommunity.

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（对的答案：对的答案：creole）解析：解析：当皮钦语得到发展不再是作为交易的语言，而成为一种社会群体的第一语言时，它就成为克里奥尔语。由皮钦语转变成为克里奥尔语的过程就称作克里奥尔语化。4.Alinguistic1referstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythe"polite"societyfromgeneraluse.

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（对的答案：对的答案：taboo）解析：解析：禁忌语是由于宗教、政治或性别原因而防止使用的词汇，一般被委婉语所替代。5.Tabooand1aretwofacesofthesamecommunicationcoin.

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（对的答案：对的答案：euphemism）解析：解析：禁忌语是由于宗教、政治或性别原因而防止使用的词汇，一般被委婉语所替代。委婉语是用一词替代比较唐突的令人不快的另一词的体现措施。他们是同一交流过程的两个方面。6.Languageitselfisnotsexist,butitsusemayreflectthe1attitudeconnotedinthelanguagethatissexist.

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（对的答案：对的答案：social）解析：解析：语言自身是不存在性别歧视的，但当语言被不一样的人使用时，则会反应出社会中存在的性别歧视现象。7.AsCarterandSimpson(1989)observedthat"ifthe1960swasadecadeofformalisminstylistics,the1970sadecadeoffunctionalism,andthe1980sadecadeof1stylistics".(中山大学研)

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（对的答案：对的答案：discourse）解析：解析：正如CarterandSimpson认为的那样，假如说20世纪60年代是形式主义文体学，70年代是功能主义文体学，那么80年代就是话语文体学。二、判断题(总题数：4，分数：8.00)8.Ifachildisdeprivedoflinguisticenvironment,heorsheisunlikelytolearnalanguagesuccessfullylateron.

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A.真

√

B.假解析：解析：假如一种孩子失去了语言环境，他或她是不也许成功地学好一种语言的。9.Whenchildrenlearntodistinguishbetweenthesoundsoftheirlanguageandthesoundsthatarenotpartofthelanguage,theycanacquireanysoundsintheirnativelanguageoncetheirparentsteachthem.

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A.真

B.假

√解析：解析：不管孩子们生活在何种语言环境中，他们首先获得的是世上所有语言的普遍性知识，之后他们才会学习更为复杂的语言。10.Languagereflectssexisminsociety.Languageitselfisnotsexist,justasitisnotobscene;butitcanconnotesexistattitudesaswellasattitudesaboutsocialtaboosorracism.

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A.真

√

B.假解析：解析：语言可以反应出社会的性别歧视现象，但语言自身并无性别歧视意义，语言可以体现出人们对性别的态度及对某些禁忌语和种族歧视的态度。11.AccordingtothestrongversionoftheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,speaker'sperceptionsdeterminelanguageandpatterntheirwayoflife.

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A.真

B.假

√解析：解析：根据萨丕尔一沃尔夫假说的强势版本，语言决定了说话者的感知能力和生活模式，而非说话者的感知能力决定了语言和生活模式。三、单项选择题(总题数：4，分数：8.00)12.______isdefinedasaconsciousprocessofaccumulatingknowledgeofasecondlanguageusuallyobtainedinschoolsettings.

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A.Competence

B.Performance

C.Learning

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D.Acquisition解析：解析：在学校里，通过故意识的学习而学到第二语言的的过程叫做学习，这不一样于小朋友不自觉地自然的言语习得过程。13.______arelanguagevarietiesappropriateforuseinparticularspeechsituations.

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A.Slang

B.Addressterms

C.Registers

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D.Educationvarieties解析：解析：语域是特殊人群使用的言语变体，一般指具有相似职业或具有同样爱好的人。某一语域一般具有自己某些独特的词汇或使用词或短语的特殊方式，而使其与其他语域辨别开来。14.______referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsandstraightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.

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A.Linguafranca

B.Creole

C.Pidgin

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D.Standardlanguage解析：解析：皮钦语不是任何人的母语，是在交往联络的状况下(例如交易)学习的语言变体。15.Insociolinguisticstudies,speakerareregardedasmembersofsocialgroups,thesocialgroupthatissingledoutforanyspecialstudyiscalled______.

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A.thespeechcommunity

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B.thelinguisticgroup

C.thelinguisticcommunity

D.thespeechvarietygroup解析：解析：在社会语言学中，语言使用者都被看作是社会的组员。而具有相似的语言认同或至少共享一种语言变体的人群可称作语言小区。四、简答题(总题数：13，分数：26.00)16.Eskimoshavemanydifferentwordsfordifferenttypesofsnow,Aboriginesfordifferenttypesofsand,andinArabiconemustchoosefromawholerangeofwordswhicharesubsumedundertheWesterncategoryCAMEL.Canyouexplainthesephenomenawithyourlinguisticknowledge?(北航研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Thesephenomenacanbeexplainedfromthefollowingperspectives:(1)Thesephenomenashowarelationshipbetweenlanguageandsociety.Languagechangesfromregiontoregion,fromonesocialgrouptoanotherandfromindividualtoindividual.Thelivingenvironmentmakesgreatimpactonthechangesoflanguage.AsEskimoarealwayslivinginanenvironmentofasnowworld,theyhavemadeagoodcognitiontosnowandclassifieditindifferenttypes.Humanuselanguagetodescribetheworldtheyhavecognized.(2)ThesephenomenacanbeexplainedfromtheSapir-WhorfHypothesis.Thishypothesissuggeststhat:ourlanguagehelpsmouldourwayofthinkingand,consequently,differentlanguagesmayprobablyexpressspeaker'suniquewaysofunderstandingtheworld.SoEskimos'sdifferentwordsfordifferenttypesofsnowreflecttheirdifferentwaystounderstandsnow.)解析：17.Whatislinguisticdeterminism?(北航研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Linguisticdeterminism,isoneofthetwopointsofSapir-WhorfHypothesis,andhasdevelopedintothestrongversionofthishypothesis.Itcouldbesummarizedasfollows:(1)One'sthinkingiscompletelydeterminedbyhisnativelanguagebecauseonecannotbutperceivetheworldintermsofthecategoriesanddistinctionsencodedinthelanguage.(2)Thecategoriesanddistinctionsencodedinonelanguagesystemareuniquetothatsystemandincommensurablewiththoseofothersystems.Therefore,thefollowingstatementcouldrepresentthishypothesis"IfAristotlehadspokenChinese,hislogicwouldhavebeendifferent".)解析：18.WhatdoyouthinkoftheSapir-WhorfHypothesis?(西安外国语学院研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Sapir-Whorfhypothesisconsistsoftwoparts:linguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativity.Linguisticdeterminism,orthestrongversion,hasbeencriticizedforitsexcessiveconcernwithsurfacestructuresofindividuallanguages.Infact,alllanguagesarefundamentalofthesameuniversalhumancharacter,includingthelexico-semanticandsyntacticcomponentsoflanguageandallnormalhumanbeingsaregiftedwiththesamelinguisticfacultyandcognitivecapacity.Theflawsofthathypothesiscanberevealedthroughthefollowinganalysis.(1)Differentgrammaticalstructuresdonotmeanthatspeakersofdifferentlanguagesdifferinthinkinglogicorreasoning.(2)Equivalenttranslationisalwayspossibleinspiteofthefactthatinpracticetherearehardlyanypeopleinperfectcontroloftwogeneticallydifferentlanguages.(3)Peoplewhohavegoodcommandoftwogenetic-unrelatedlanguagesdonothave"doubleminds"ordonothavetochangetheirthinkinglogicwhenspeakingforeigntongue.)解析：19.Whatwillyousaytoastatementlike"ourlanguageisourculture"?(四川大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Thisstatementrevealsafactthatlanguageispartoftheculture.Cultureisthetotalpatternofbeliefs,customs,institutions,objectsandtechniquesthatcharacterizethelifeofaparticularsociety.Itisregardedasacarrierofculture,becausewithoutlanguageculturewouldbeimpossible.Languageistheprincipalmeanbywhichcultureispasseddown.Languageisthesymbolicrepresentationofapeople,anditcomprisestheirhistoricalandculturalbackgroundsaswellastheirapproachtolifeandtheirwaysoflivingandthinking.Peopleuselanguageforthesakeofcommunication,butlanguageitselfcannotfulfilthetaskofcommunicationwithouttheculturesystembehindthelanguage.Languageisaproductofoursociallife.)解析：20.HowwouldyoucommentonSapir-Whorfhypothesis?(北航研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Thishypothesissuggeststhatourlanguagewillmouldourviewoftheworld.Thehypothesishastwoimportantpoints,linguisticdeterminism—languagemaydetermineourthinkingpatternsandlinguisticrelativity—similaritybetweenlanguageisrelative,thegreatertheirstructualdifferentiationis,themorediversetheirconceptualizationoftheworldwillbe.Thus,twoversionsoftheSapir-whorfhypothesishavebeendeveloped,astrongversionandaweakversion.Thestrongversionofthetheoryemphasizesthedecisiveroleoflanguageastheshaperofourthinkingpatterns.Theweakversionofthehypothesis,however,isamodifiedtypeofitsoriginaltheory,suggestingthatthereisacorrelationbetweenlanguage,cultureandthought,butthecross-culturedifferencesthusproducedinourwaysofthinkingarerelativeratherthancategorical.)解析：21.Whydoweneedtoteachcultureinourlanguageclassroom?(四川大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Languagehasacloserelationshipwithculture.Languageisanindispensiblecarrierofcultureandculturefindsabetterrepresentationthroughlanguageuse.Whenitcomestolanguageteachingandlearning,theinfluenceofculturalknowledgeonthelinguisticperformanceoflanguagelearnershasbeenidentifiedandhighlighted.Ithasrepeatedlybeenfoundthatlearnerswholacksufficientknowledgeaboutthetargetculturecanhardlybecomeactiveandappropriatelanguageusersintheirtargetlanguage.Forthesereasons,theinformationconcerningculturaldifferenceshasrightlybeenintroducedinlanguageclassroomsofdifferentkindsofenhancinglearners'culturalconsciousnessandimprovingtheirperformanceincross-culturalcontextsofcommunication.Soweneedtoteachcultureinourlanguageclassroom.)解析：22.Whataresociolinguisticsofsocietyandsociolinguisticsoflanguage?(武汉大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Ifwewanttoknowmoreaboutagivensocietyorcommunitybyexaminingthelinguisticbehaviorofitsmembers,wearedoingasociolinguisticstudyofsociety.Thatis,wearedoingsociolinguisticsatamacrolevelofinvestigation.Atthislevelofdiscussion,thingsthatweareinterestedinincludebilingualismormultilingualism,languageattitudes,languagechoice,languagemaintenanceandshift,languageplanningandstandardization,vernacularlanguageeducation,andsoon.Ontheotherhand,ifwewanttoknowmoreaboutsomelinguisticvariationsinlanguageusebyturningtopotentialsocio-culturalfactorsforadescriptionandexplanation,wearedoingasociolinguisticstudyoflanguage.Consequently,wearemoreinterestedinexaminingmicrolinguisticphenomenasuchasstructuralvariants,addressforms,genderdifferences,discourseanalysis,PidginandCreolelanguages,andothermorelanguagerelatedissues.)解析：23.Itisclaimedinsociolinguisticsthatyouarewhatyousay.Howwouldyoucommentonthistheoreticalclaim?(武汉大学2011年研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Everyonespeaksdifferently.Apersonaldialectofanindividualspeakercombineselementsregardingregional,social,gender,andagevariations.Inotherwords,anindividualspeaker'sregionalandsocialbackground,his/hergenderandagejointlydeterminethewayhe/shetalks.Fromthispoint,wecanclaimthat"Youarewhatyousay".Followingthisclaim,wemayexpandthescopeofourobservationbyintroducingsomesocialfactorsthatarebelievedtoinfluenceourlanguagebehaviorinasocialcontext.Amongthesefactors,somemajoronesincludea)class;b)gender;c)age;d)ethnicidentity;e)educationbackground,f)occupation,andg)religiousbelief.Inourdailyspeaking,thepotentialselectionoflinguisticformscanreflecttheabovefactors,whichdetermineouridentities.Forexample,womenusemore"fancy"colortermssuchas"mauve"and"beige";uselesspowerfulcursewords;usemoreintensifierssuchas"terrible"and"awful";usemoretagquestions.Ontheotherhand,yourwayofspeaking,tosomeextent,reflectyouridentity.(本题为开放式题目，围绕自语言与社会及文化之间的关系论述自己对这句话的观点即可))解析：24.InChinesetonechangesareusedinthewaythataffectsthemeaningsofindividualwords.(中山大学2011年研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Tonesarepitchvariations,whicharecausedbythedifferingratesofvibrationofthevocalcords.Pitchvariationscandistinguishmeaningjustlikephonemes;therefore,thetoneisasuprasegmentalfeature.Themeaning-distinctivefunctionofthetoneisespeciallyimportantinwhatwecalltonelanguages.Englishisnotatonelanguage.Chineseisatypicaltonelanguage.Ithasfourtones.Thefirsttoneislevel(阴平),thesecondrise(阳平),thethirdfallrise(上声),andthefourthfall(去声).Theroleofthetonecanbewellillustratedbypronouncingthesamesoundcombinationsuchas[pa]inthefourdifferenttonesandhavedifferentmeanings;(八)Highlevel'eight'(拔)Highrising'pullout'(靶)Lowfallingrising'target'(坝)Highfalling'dam')解析：25.Whatdistinction,ifany,canyoudrawbetweenbilingualismanddiglossia?

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对的答案：(对的答案：Bilingualismreferstoalinguisticsituationinwhichtwostandardlanguagesareusedinaspeechcommunity;whereasinadiglossiacommunity,twovarietiesoflanguageareusedfordifferentsituations,onebeingmorestandardandhigher,andusedformoreformalmatters,andtheotherlessprestigious,andusedforcolloquialsituations.)解析：26.Howdothespeechofwomenandthespeechofmendifferfromeachother?

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对的答案：(对的答案：Womentendtousemoreprestigiousforms,morepoliteandindirectlanguage,moretagquestions,lesspowerfulcursewords,morestatementquestions,andmorespecificcolortermsthantheirmalecounterparts.Inmixed-gendergroups,atpublicgatherings,andinmanyinformalconversations,menspendmoretimetalkingthandowomen.Forexample,inoneexperiment,themenwithexpertisetalkedlongerthanthewomenwithexpertise.Meninitiatemoreinteractionthandowomen.)解析：27.Describetheprocessoflanguageperception,comprehensionandproduction.

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对的答案：(对的答案：Fromtheperspectiveofpsycholinguisticanalysis,languageuseintermsofperception,comprehensionandproductionfollowsacertainpatternwhichinvolvesthecoordinationofvariouslanguagecenters.Whenwespeak,wordsaredrawnfromWernicke'sareaandtransferredtoBroca'sarea,whichdeterminesthedetailsoftheirformsandpronunciations.Theappropriateinstructionsarethensenttothemotorareawhichcontrolsthevocaltracttophysicallyarticulatethewords.Whenwehearsomethingandtrytocomprehendit,thestimulusfromtheauditorycortexistransmittedtoWernicke'sarea,whereitistheninterpreted.Whenweperceiveavisualimage,amessageissenttotheangulargyrus,whereitisconvertedintoavisualpattern.)解析：28.WhatisSapir-Whorfhypothesis?

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对的答案：(对的答案：Itisabeliefthatourlanguagehelpsmouldourwayofthinkingand,consequently,differentlanguagesmayprobablyexpressouruniquewaysofunderstandingtheworld.Ontheonehand,languagemaydetermineourthinkingpatterns;ontheother,similaritybetweenlanguagesrelative,thegreatertheirstructuraldifferentiationis,themorediversetheirconceptualizationoftheworldwillbe.AsthishypothesiswasstronglyputforwardbytheAmericananthropologicallinguistsSapirandWhorf,ithasoftenbeencalledtheSapir-Whorfhypothesis.)解析：五、名词解释(总题数：12，分数：24.00)29.Linguisticrelativity(四川大学研；人大研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Linguisticrelativity:ThisisoneoftwopointsinSapir-Whorfhypothesis.Itstatesthatsimilaritybetweenlanguagesisrelative,thegreatertheirstructuraldifferentiationis,themorediversetheirconceptualizationoftheworldis.Forexample,noteverylanguagehasthesamesetofwordsforthecolors;inSpanishthereisnowordthatcorrespondstotheEnglishmeaningof"blue".)解析：30.Sapir-Whorfhypothesis(武汉大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Sapir-Whorfhypothesisconsistsoftwoparts:linguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativity.Linguisticdeterminismreferstothenotionthatalanguagedeterminescertainnonlinguisticcognitiveprocesses.Differentlanguagesofferpeopledifferentwaysofexpressingaround,theythinkandspeakdifferently.Linguisticrelativityreferstotheclaimthatthecognitiveprocessesthataredeterminedaredifferentfordifferentlanguages.Thus,speakersofdifferentlanguagesaresaidtothinkindifferentways.Thehypothesisisnowinterpretedmainlyintwodifferentways:astrongversionandaweakone.Thestrongversionbelievesthatthelanguagepatternsdeterminepeople'sthinkingandbehavior;theweakoneholdsthattheformerinfluencethelater.Sofar,manyresearchesandexperimentsconductedprovidesupporttotheweakversion.)解析：31.Linguisticdeterminism(上海交大研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Linguisticdeterminism,isoneofthetwopointsofSapir-Whorfhypothesis,andhasdevelopedintothestrongversionofthishypothesis.Itcouldbesummarizedasfollows:(1)One'sthinkingiscompletelydeterminedbyhisnativelanguagebecauseonecannotbutperceivetheworldintermsofthecategoriesanddistinctionsencodedinthelanguage.(2)Thecategoriesanddistinctionsencodedinonelanguagesystemareuniquetothatsystemandincommensurablewiththoseofothersystems.Therefore,thefollowingstatementcouldrepresentthishypothesis"IfAristotlehadspokenChinese,hislogicwouldhavebeendifferent".)解析：32.Interculturalcommunication(南开大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Interculturalcommunication:Interculturalcommunication,alsoknownascross-culturalcommunication,iscommunicationbetweenpeoplewhoseculturalperceptionsandsymbolssystemsaredistinctenoughtoalterthecommunicationevent.Itisfrequentlyusedtorefertocommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultures,whichimpliesacomparisonbetweencultures.)解析：33.Cross-culturalcommunication(浙江大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Cross-culturalcommunicationisanexchangeofideas,information,etc,betweenpersonsfromdifferentculturalbackgrounds.Theculturalconventionsoftheparticipantsmaywidelydifferent,andmisinterpretationandmisunderstandingcaneasilyarise,evenleadingtoatotalcommunicationbreakdown.)解析：34.PidginsandCreoles

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对的答案：(对的答案：Apidginreferstoavarietyofalanguagethatisnotnativelanguageofanyone,butislearnedoncontactsituationssuchastrading.Whenapidgindevelopsbeyonditsroleasatradelanguageandbecomesthefirstlanguageofasocialcommunity,itbecomesaCreole.TheprocessbywhichapidginbecomesaCreoleiscalledcreolization.)解析：35.Speechcommunity(北外研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Speechcommunityisagroupofpeoplewhoshareasetofnormsandexpectationsregardingtheuseoflanguage.Speechcommunitiescanbemembersofaprofessionwithaspecializedjargon,distinctsocialgroupslikehighschoolstudentsorhip-popfans.Inaddition,onlineandothermediatedcommunities,suchasmanyinternetforums,oftenconstitutespeechcommunities.Membersofspeechcommunitieswilloftendevelopslangorjargontoservethegroup'sspecialpurposesandpriorities.)解析：36.Diglossia(南开大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Whentwolanguagesorlanguagevarietiesexisttogetherinacommunityandeachoneisusedfordifferentpurposes,thisiscalleddiglossia.Usually,themorestandardvarietycanbecalledthehighvarietyorH-variety,whichisusedingovernment,themedia,education,andforreligiousservices.Theotheroneisusuallyanon-prestigevariety,thelowvarietyorL-varietyusedinthefamily,withfriends,whenshopping,etc.)解析：37.Register(南开大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Itisaspeechvarietyusedbyaparticulargroupofpeople,usuallysharingthesameoccupation(e.g.doctors,lawyers)orthesameinterests.Aparticularregisteroftendistinguishesitselffromothersbyhavinganumberofdistinctivewords,byusingwordsorphrasesinaparticularway,andsometimesbyspecialgrammaticalconstructions(e.g.legallanguage).)解析：38.linguisticvariable(北外2011年研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Linguisticvariablesarethosewherethemeaningremainsconstantbutformvarieslikecatandpussyhavethesamesocialmeaningbutdifferentfrom.Sofaraspronunciationisconcernedhouse[h]andwith[h]hassamesocialmeaningwithdifferentpronunciations.Herevariablesarejustthetoolstoanalyzethelanguagetosetsocialdimensionalsociety.)解析：39.conversationalmaxim(南开大学2011年研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Conversationalmaxim:AconversationalmaximisanyoffourruleswhichwereproposedbyGrice1975,statingthataspeakerisassumedtomakeacontributionthatfollowsthefourmaimsofquantity,quality,relevanceandmanner.)解析：40.Blog(中山大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Blog,whichistheshortformofweblog,isdefinedbyDanGilmoreas"anonlinejournalcomprisedoflinksandpostingsinreversechronologicalorder,meaningthemostrecentpostingappearsatthetopofthepage".MatisseEnzer'sGlossaryofInternetTermsputsitthisway:Ablogisbasicallyajournalthatisavailableontheweb.Theactivityofupdatingablogis"Hogging"andsomeonewhokeepsablogisa"blogger."Blogsaretypicallyupdateddailyusingsoftwarethatallowspeoplewithlittleornotechnicalbackgroundtoupdateandmaintaintheblog.)解析：六、1举例阐明题(总题数：7，分数：14.00)41.Somecommentsonthefollowingstatementbasedonyourownexperience:Thereexistsacloserelationshipbetweenlanguageandculture.Inotherwords,asuccessfulmasterofagivenlanguagehasmuchtodowithanunderstandingofthatculture.(武汉大学研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Languageuseisheavilytintedwithitsculture.Alanguagedoesnotonlyexpressesfacts,ideas,oreventswhichrepresentsimilarworldknowledgebyitspeople,butalsoreflectsthepeople'sattitudes,beliefs,worldoutlook,andsoon.Inaword,languageexpressesculturalreality.Todigitfurther,alanguage,asasystemofsignswiththeirownculturalsubstancesandvalues,maybeviewedasasymbolofsocialidentity.Peopleareidentifiedviatheiruseoflanguage.Inthissense,languagesymbolizesculturalreality.Ontheotherhand,aspeople'slanguageusesexpresstheculture,tobemorespecific,theircommunityculturerepresentedbyitssocialconventions,normsandsocialappropriateness,theculturebothemancipatesandconstrainspeoplesocially,historicallyandmetaphorically.Historically,eachculturehasitspastandtradition.Acultureconsistsbothofitswayshowasocialgrouprepresentsitself,itstechnologicalachievements,monumentsandworksofartandofitshistoricalidentityrecordedandpasseddownbythepopculture.Itislanguagethathasplayedamajorroleinsocializingthepeopleandinperpetuatingculture,especiallyinprintform.Inaddition,culturealsoaffectsitspeople'simaginationorcommondreamswhicharemediatedthroughthelanguageandreflectedintheirlife.Languageisnotonlyintrinsicallyrelatedtowhatthecultureisandwhatitwas,butalsorelatedtothecultureofimaginationgoverningpeople'sdecisionsaswellasactions.Theinterplaybetweenlanguageandculturemayresultinvariousformsofsocializationandpeoplewithdifferentculturesmaybesocializedindifferentwayswithdifferentacculturation.Althoughlanguageandcultureareinextricablyintertwined,thisrelationshipisnotanalogoustothatofstructuresandprocesses.Rather,cultureisawidersystemthatcompletelyincludeslanguageasasubsystem.Linguisticcompetenceisonevarietyofculturalcompetenceandspeechbehaviorisonevarietyofsocialbehavior.Therelationoflanguagetocultureisthatofparttowhole.)解析：42.Explainthisstatementandgiveatleasttwoexamplesofit:"Instudyingothercultures,wedosofromtheperspectiveofourownculture."(北外研)

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对的答案：(对的答案：Cultureisasemioticmeaningsysteminwhichsymbolsfunctiontocommunicatemeaningfromonemindtoanother.Itisrelatedtolanguageinsuchawaythatlanguageisapartofcultureandapartofhumanbehavior,andalsotheprimarymediumfortransmittingmuchofculture.Therefore,withoutlanguage,culturewouldnotbepossible.Consequently,whenstudyingaculture,weoftenrelyonthelanguage.Therefore,wemayuseourownlanguagetodescribethetargetculture,whichmaybetheoneinterpretationofthestatement"Instudyingothercultures,wedosofromtheperspectiveofourow