高中英语本册综合技能训练新人教版必修4

本册综合技能训练时间：120分钟，总分值：150分第一局部：听力(共两节，总分值30分)第一节(共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Howmuchdidthemanneedtopay?A．Fifty－fourdollars.B．Onehundreddollars.C．Forty－sixdollars.2．Whattimeisitnow?A．4：15.B．4：45.C．5：00.3．What'sthewomangoingtodo?A．Buyasilkdress.B．Wearablackdress.C．Gotoaparty.4．Whereisthemanprobablynow?A．Atabusstop.B．Inaplane.C．Atanairport.5．Whatdoesthewomanlikebest?A．Englishclass.B．Chineseclass.C．PEclass.第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，每题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6至7题。6．Withwhomdidtheboygoswimmingyesterdayafternoon?A．Someofhisneighbors.B．Someofhisclassmates.C．Somenewfriends.7．WhatdowelearnaboutTomfromtheconversation?A．Heisverybadathisstudies.B．Heseldomgetsill.C．Hedoesn'tknowhowtoswim.听第7段材料，答复第8至10题。8．Whatkeptthewomanawakelastnight?A．Thehotweather.B．Herstomachache.C．Somenoise.9．Whatdidthewomanhavefordinneryesterday?A．Somecoldfishandrice.B．Somehotriceandnoodles.C．Somenoodlesandleftoverfish.10．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Gotoseeadoctor.B．Takeanap.C．Takethewomantohospital.听第8段材料，答复第11至13题。11．Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Inaschool. B．Inanoffice.C．Inapark.12．Whatdoesthemando?A．Heworksinafactory.B．Heisasalesman.C．Heisastudent.13．Howmuchwillthemanearninthefirstyearifhegetsthejob?A．60,000dollars.B．80,000dollars.C．90,000dollars.听第9段材料，答复第14至17题。14．What'swrongwiththeman'slaptop?A．Itcan'tbeturnedon.B．Ithasnoimage.C．Ithasnosound.15．Whydidn'tthemanbuyanewlaptop?A．Becausehelikedusinghisoldlaptop.B．Becausehethoughtitwasnotnecessary.C．Becausehismotherdidn'twanttobuyhimanewone.16．Whatdothespeakersdo?A．Theyareteachers.B．Theyarestudents.C．Theyareemployees.17．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A．Sellhisoldlaptop.B．Givehismotheraphonecall.C．BuyalaptopfromJim'sfather.听第10段材料，答复第18至20题。18．HowwilltheMusicClubgettheCDs?A．Theclubwillbuysome.B．Thememberswillbringsometotheclub.C．Thememberswillborrowsomefromthemusicteachers.19．WhatdotheydoonSaturdayafternoons?A．Performtheirownmusic.B．Enjoygoodmusic.C．Learnfromtheirteachers.20．Whowillbeinchargeofthethingsintheclub?A．Thespeaker.B．Themusicteachers.C．Theclubcommittee.答案：1－5CACAC6－10BBBCC11－15BCAAC16－20BABAC听力原文Text1W：Sir,doyouhaveanysmallchange?M：Sorry,Ionlyhavea100－dollarbill.W：OK,itdoesn'tmatter.Hereisyourchange,fiftyfourdollars.Text2M：Hurryup!It'saquartertofivealready.W：Don'tworry.Theclockishalfanhourfast.Text3W：I'mgoingtomyfriend'sbirthdayparty,butallmyclotheslooksoold.M：Whynotwearyourblacksilkdress?Itlookswonderful.W：Oh,no,Idon'tlikeblacknow.Text4M：Excuseme.Whenisthenextbusleavingfortheairport?W：Intenminutes.Bytheway,whenisyourflight?M：4：00p.m.W：Youhaveplentyoftime.Therearestilltwohoursleft.Text5W：Whatlessonsdowehavethismorning?M：WehaveEnglish,PEandChinese.W：Great!IlovePE.It'smyfavoritesubject.M：ButIhatePE.IlikeEnglishbest.Text6W：Hello,isthatMrBrown'soffice?M：Yes.Whoisthat,please?W：ThisisMrsJohnson.I'mafraidTomcan'tgotoschoolthismorning.He'sgotaseriouscold.M：I'msorrytohearthat.Howdidhebecomesoill?He'salwaysbeensostrong.W：Ithinkitmighthavebeenfromswimming.Someofhisclassmatestookhimswimmingintheseayesterdayafternoon.Theweatherwasfine,butthewaterwasstillcold,youknow.M：Right.Willyoutakehimtothehospital?W：IwilltakehimtoDoctorSmith'sclinic.It'sverynear.M：OK.TellTomthatIcanhelphimcatchupwithhislessonswhenhecomestoschool.W：Thankyou,MrBrown.Goodbye.Text7M：Youlooktired.What'swrong?W：Icouldn'tfallasleeplastnight.M：Why?W：Mystomachwaskillingme.M：Whatdidyoueatyesterday?W：Forlunch,Iatesomefishandsomerice.Forsupper,Iatetheleftoverfishandsomenoodles.M：Um,didyouheatthefishbeforeyouateit?W：No.M：Youshouldhave.Itwashotyesterday.Thefishmusthavegonebad.Youlookpalenow.I'mafraidyoumustgotoseeadoctoratonce.I'llgiveyouaride.W：Thankyou,Henry.Text8W：Pleasesitdown.Let'ssee,you'reMrBacon.M：That'sright,JamesBacon.W：Well,let'sbegin.Whenwillyougraduate?M：ThisJuly.W：Haveyoueverdoneanyworkinthisfield?M：No,never.Weonlydidsomepracticeworkinclass.W：Youseemtobedoingverywellincollege.Whatkindofpayareyouhopingtoget?M：FromwhatI'veread,itseemsthatthestartingsalaryshouldbeabout80,000dollarsayear.W：Herewewouldstartat60,000dollarsforthefirstyear.Thenyouwouldgoto90,000dollars.Afterthat,yourpayrisedependsonhowwellyouhaveworked.M：Thatsoundsgood.Dowehavevacations?W：Thoseareallexplainedinthisdocument.Youcantakeitwithyouandlookatitathome.M：Oh,thanks.Text9W：Ican'tturnonyourlaptop.M：Thereissomethingwrongwithit.I'llhaveitrepairedthisafternoon.W：Howlonghaveyouownedit?M：Threeyears,Iguess.W：Threeyears?That'salongtime.Whynotbuyanewone?M：Iwanttobuyanewone.Butmymomdoesn'tthinkit'sagoodidea.W：Youcanaskhertogiveyouanewoneasabirthdaypresent.Yourbirthdayisgettingclose,isn'tit?M：Yes,nextFriday.Well,youshouldknowmymotherlivesaverysimplelife.ShethinksIshouldliveasimplelife,too.W：Butagoodlaptopisamustforourschoolwork.Youcanexplainthattoher.M：Iguessyouareright.W：Soifyouwanttobuyanewone,youcansellthisoldone.M：Howmuchdoyouthinkitisworth?W：YoucanaskJim.Hisfatherisinthebusiness.M：OK.Text10LetmetellyousomethingabouttheMusicClub.Thisisanewclubsetupforstudentswholikemusic.Ourmusicteacherswillofferushelpanytimewhenitisneeded.Pleasefillintheformifyouwanttojointheclub.TheMusicClubmeetsonMonday,WednesdayandFridayafternoonsafterclass.Itmeetsintheschoollibrary,wherewelistentotheCDsthatourmembersbringtotheclub.Clubmemberswilltalkaboutthepeoplewhowrotethemusicandalsothosewhoperformedit.OnSaturdayafternoons,clubmembersperformtheirownmusic.Manystudentsherenotonlycansingbutcanalsoplaydifferentmusicalinstudents.TheMusicClubgivesyouachancetoperforminfrontofotherstudents.TheMusicClubwillhavcaconmmittee.Atthe'nextmeeting,we'llchoosethemembersofthecommitteefromtheclubmembers.Everythingintheclubwillbedecidedbythecommittee,likewhatCDswillbeplayedandwhichmemberswillperformcertainmusic.第二局部：阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分)第一节(共15题；每题2分，总分值30分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最正确选项。AThecallofthekillerwhalemayhaveasoutherndrawl，oradeepnosesoundofocean,thoughyoumaynotbeabletodiscoverit.Thatis,thesoundsmadebyakillerwhaleinonepartoftheoceanmaybeverydifferentfromthesoundsofakillerwhalefromanotherareainthesea，justaspeoplefromthesouthernUnitedStatessounddifferentfromNewEnglanders.DavidBainstudiestheunderwatersoundsoftwokillerwhalesatMarineWorld,inVallejo,California.Despitetheirdifferentdialectshesaysthemammalslearnedtocommunicatewithoneanotherbyeventuallylearningtomakeeachother'ssounds.Thechangeoftonesalsocolorsmeaning,justasitdoeswithpeople.ResearcherBainsays，“There'salotofinformationinthetoneofvoice.Youcangetasenseofwhetherthey'rebeingsarcasticornot.Yes,theydohaveatoneofvoice.”Researchershesitatetocallthesoundslanguage,butthesoundsclearlydohelpwhalescommunicatewithotherwhalesandothermammalsmayevenbefamiliarwithit.Theabilityofwhalesanddolphinstoimitatesoundshelpsdevelopsomethingofacross－specieslanguage.WhenthedolphinBayouwasseparatedfromtheOrca,Yaka,BayoubeganutteringOrca－likesounds,presumablytogetthewhale'sattention.Researchersheresaydolphinsaresuchgoodimitators,oneevenlearnedtoletoutaloudandtoughcrylikeabird.BrendaMcCowantriestoconnectdolphinbehaviorwiththeirwhistle－likesounds.Byrecordingandanalyzingthesoundpatterns，she'salsocomeupwithwhatlookslikeanextensivevocabulary.Shesays,“Wefound,usingastatisticaltechniquethatproducedabout102whistletypes,overall,theirwhistletypesconsistofthat.”Butsheisstillnotsurewhatanyofitmeans，“wejustdon'tknowyetandwe'reslowlytryingtopullapartthepiecestofindouthowcomplexitis.”文章大意：这是一篇说明文。通过对水下虎鲸声音的研究，研究人员发现哺乳动物尽管有不同的方言，但是最终它们还是通过学习发出对方的声音来进展交流。21．Howdothetwokillerwhalestalkwitheachother?A．Bylearningtomakeeachother'ssounds.B．Byspeakingtheirowndifferentdialects.C．Bysayingtheirownlanguagesinthesea.D．Bystudyingtheunderwatersoundsofthem.答案：A细节理解题。根据第二段中“通过研究水下虎鲸的声音，研究人员发现哺乳动物尽管有不同的方言，但是最终它们还是通过学习发出彼此的声音来进展交流”可知答案为A。22．Theunderlinedword“that”inthepassagemeans________.A．vocabulary B．typeC．whistle D．technique答案：A词义猜想题。根据最后一段第二、三句可知that意思是指vocabulary，应选A。23．AccordingtoBrendaMcCowan,itcanbeinferredthat________.A．whalesanddolphinsareabletoimitateeachother'ssoundsB．themeaningofthewhistlesstillneedstoberesearchedfurtherC．shehascomeupwithabout102typesofsoundsD．thestructuresofdolphinsandwhalesarenotsosimple答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中Butsheisstillnotsurewhatanyofitmeans可知，她还是不确定所含意义是什么，所以还需要进一步的研究，故答案选B。B(2023·北京卷)TheBoyMadeIt!OneSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingatSugarloafMountaininMaine.Intheearlyafternoon,whenhewasplanningtogohome,afiercesnowstormsweptintothearea.Unabletoseefar,heaccidentallyturnedoffthepath.Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!Hedidn'thavefood,water,aphone,orothersupplies.Hewasgettingcolderbytheminute.Nicholashadnoideawherehewas.Hetriednottopanic.HethoughtaboutallofthesurvivalshowshehadwatchedonTV.Itwastimetoputthetipshehadlearnedtouse.Hedecidedtostopskiing.Therewasabetterchanceofsomeonefindinghimifhestayedout.Thefirstthinghedidwastofindshelterfromthefreezingwindandsnow.Ifhedidn't，hisbodytemperaturewouldgetverylow，whichcouldquicklykillhim.Usinghisskis，Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself，likeablanket，tostayaswarmashecould.Bythatevening，Nicholaswasreallyhungry.Heatesnowanddrankwaterfromanearbystreamsothathisbodywouldn'tlosetoomuchwater.Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast，Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould—hehuddled(蜷缩)inhiscaveandslept.Thenextday，Nicholaswentouttolookforhelp，buthecouldn'tfindanyone.Hefollowedhistracksandreturnedtothesnowcave，becausewithoutshelter，hecoulddiethatnight.OnTuesday，Nicholaswentoutagaintofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.Aftertwodaysstuckinthesnow.Nicholaswassaved.NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.HehadoftenwatchedGrylls'survivalshowManvs.Wild.That'swherehelearnedthetipsthatsavedhislife.Ineachepisode(一期节目)ofManvs.Wild，Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.WhenGryllsheardaboutNicholas'amazingdeeds，hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Nicholas在一次滑雪时迷路，他利用自己在电视里学到的求生技能成功逃生的故事。24．WhathappenedtoNicholasoneSundayafternoon?A．Hegotlost. B．Hebrokehisskis.C．Hehurthiseyes. D．Hecaughtacold.答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段第四句，“Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone！”可知答案。说明Nicholas迷路了。应选A。25．HowdidNicholaskeephimselfwarm?A．Hefoundashelter.B．Helightedsomebranches.C．Hekeptonskiing.D．Hebuiltasnowcave.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第四段Usinghisskis.Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself，likeablanket，tostayaswarmashecould.可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。应选D。26．OnTuesday，Nicholas________.A．returnedtohissheltersafelyB．wassavedbyasearcherC．gotstuckinthesnowD．stayedwherehewas答案：B细节理解题。根据第六段Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。应选B。27．NicholasleftGryllsaverydeepimpressionbecausehe________.A．didtherightthingsinthedangeroussituationB．watchedGrylls'TVprogramregularlyC．createdsometipsforsurvivalD．wasveryhard－working答案：A推理判断题。根据最后一段．..hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。应选A。CTwentyvolunteerswereimmunizedintheUnitedStates.ScientistsattheUSNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH)describedtheresultsas“promising”.TheresearchispublishedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine(NEJM).Noneofthoseimmunizedsufferedmajorside－effectsandallproducedantibodies.DrAnthonyFaucioftheNIHtoldtheBBC，“Onsafetyandontheabilitytoproduceaproperimmuneresponsewecancallthistestanunqualifiedsuccess,eventhoughitwasanearlyPhaseOnetest.”Thevolunteersweredividedintotwogroups,receivingeitheraloworhighdose.Theantibodyresponsewasstrongeramongthosereceivingthehigherdose.TheresearchersfoundthatsevenofthehighdoseandtwoofthelowdosevolunteersproducedT－cellimmuneresponses,whichmaybeimportantinprotectionagainstEbolaviruses.Thevaccineusesachimpanzeecoldviruswhichhasbeengeneticallyengineeredtocarryanon－infectiousEbolaproteinonitssurface.Therearefourtestsunderwayofthisexperimentalvaccine.TheUSvaccineisaimedatgivingprotectionagainsttheSudanandZairestrainsofEbola.Itisthelatterwhichisresponsibleforthecurrentoutbreak.Testsofamonovalentvaccine—againsttheZairestrain—arealsounderwayinOxford,MaliandSwitzerland.IfthesealsogivepositiveresultsthenthemonovalentvaccinewillbeofferedtothousandsofhealthworkersinWestAfrica.DrFaucisaid，“ItwillbethislargePhaseTwo/ThreetestinWestAfricawhichwillshowwhetherthevaccineworksandisreallysafe.”Headded,“Iftheoutbreakisstillgoingonsixmonthsfromnowandthevaccineatthatpointisshowntobeeffective,itcouldhaveaverypositiveeffectonthecurrentepidemic.”Buthesaidthelong－termaimwastoproduceavaccinewhichwouldprotectagainstfutureoutbreaks.Ifthevaccinedoeswork,itisunclearhowlongtheprotectionwouldlast.文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了美国科学家对20个志愿者进展了抗击埃博拉病毒疫苗的试验，并取得了一定效果，同时就疫苗开发、生产等进展了分析研究。28．Theunderlinedword“promising”inthefirstparagraphmeans________.A．hopeful B．fearfulC．tearful D．thankful答案：A词义猜想题。根据第一段中的“这一研究登载在英国医学杂志上”和“被注射疫苗的人没有产生主要的副作用并且都产生了抗体”可知，promising的意思是hopeful，应选A。29．Accordingtotheexperiment,whatmayplayanimportantroleinprotectionagainstEbolaviruses?A．Thehigherdose. B．Thelowerdose.C．PhaseOnetest. D．T－cellimmuneresponses.答案：D细节理解题。根据题干“什么在抗击埃博拉病毒中可能起着重要作用”和文章第三段中whichmaybeimportantinprotectionagainstEbolaviruses可知，答案为D。30．Wherearethetestsmainlybeingcarriedoutaccordingtothepassage?A．Oxford,Mali,ZaireandSwitzerland.B．TheUS,Oxford,MaliandSwitzerland.C．Sudan,Mali,WestAfrica,America.D．Zaire，Switzerland，theUSandOxford.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中Testsofamonovalentvaccine...arealsounderwayinOxford,MaliandSwitzerland和该段首句TheUSvaccineisaimedatgivingprotection...可知，是在这四个地点进展研究实验，应选B。31．Whattypeofwritingisthearticlelikelytobe?A．Amedicinereport.B．Asciencereport.C．Anewsreport.D．Ahealthreport.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的DrAnthonyFaucioftheNIHtoldtheBBC可知，该篇文章属于一篇新闻报道，故答案选C。误解分析：易错选A或B。因为文章第一段讲到了“美国科学家对20个志愿者进展了抗击病毒疫苗的试验”，这是关于医学或科学的研究，学生错误地理解为医学报告或研究报告，而实际上第二段中的toldtheBBC是重要信息点，这篇文章其实是新闻报道，所以正确答案为C。DMostteachersusesilencingmethods,suchasflickingthelights,ringingacallbell,raisingtwofingers,saying“Attention,class，”orusingHarryWong'sGiveMe5—acommandforstudentsto:1.Focustheireyesonthespeaker2.Bequiet3.Bestill4.Emptytheirhands5.Listen.Thereisalsothe“threefingers”form,whichstandsforstop,look,andlisten.Fortunately，noneoftheseinvolvemedicaljokes.Lesserknowntechniquesaredescribedbelowandlistedbygradebands：HowtoQuietKindergartenandEarlyElementarySchoolChildrenAnoveltysuccessfullycatchesyoungstudents'attention,suchasthesoundofawindbellorrainstick.Beth，inCornerstoneforTeachers,tellsherstudents,“Popamarshmallowin.”Nextshepuffsuphercheeks,andthekidsfollowsuit.It'shardtospeakwithanimaginarymarshmallowfillingyourmouth.LateElementaryandMiddleGradeAttentionGettersBackwhenItaughtmiddleschoolstudents,Iwouldannounce，“Silent20，”asawaytoendanactivity.Ifstudentsreturnedtotheirseatsandwerecompletelyquietin20seconds,IadvancedthemonespaceonagiantcopyofGameofLife.QuietingHighSchoolStudentsSometimes,noisyhighschoolclassroomsneedalittlelongertocomply.InAnELTNotebookarticle,RobJohnsonadvisesthatteacherswritethefollowinginstructionsinboldlettersonthechalkboard:Ifyouwishtocontinuetalkingduringmylesson,Iwillhavetotaketimeoffyouatbreak.BythetimeI'vewrittenthetitleontheboardyouneedtobesittinginsilence.Anyonewhoisstilltalkingafterthatwillbekeptbehindforfiveminutes.文章大意：这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何使幼儿园的孩子，小学或中学学生安静下来。32．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Howtoquietstudentsinnoisyclass.B．Howtogivestudentsfreedominclass.C．Howtohelpstudentslistenattentively.D．Howtoteachstudents.答案：A主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中Mostteachersusesilencingmethods...和斜体的小标题HowtoQuietKindergarten...等内容可得知，文章主要讲述了“如何使吵闹的班级学生安静下来”，应选A。33．Accordingtotheauthor,themostfamouswaytoquietthenoisystudentsis“________”．A．RobJohnson'sadviceB．PopamarshmallowinC．Silent20D．GiveMe5答案：D细节理解题。文章第一段中提到HarryWong'sGiveMe5—acommandforstudentsto，再根据Lesserknowntechniques...可得知，最著名的方法是GiveMe5，应选D。34．AccordingtoRobJohnsonhowshouldteachersdotoquiethighschoolstudents?A．Writetheinstructionsonthechalkboard.B．Announce“Silent20”．C．Asknoisystudentstositsilentlyinclass.D．Showthreefingerstonoisystudents.答案：A细节理解题。根据QuietingHighSchoolStudents中的RobJohnsonadvisesthatteacherswritethefollowinginstructions...onthechalkboard可以得知答案为A。35．Whoarethesetechniquessuitablefor?A．Seniorhighschoolteachers.B．Allteachersofdifferentgrades.C．Elementaryschoolteachers.D．Kidsinthenursery.答案：B推理判断题。文章讲述了教师如何使课堂上吵闹的学生安静下来，主要谈到了从幼儿园的孩子到高中的学生，故答案为B。第二节(共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。EasyWaystoKeepYourBrainSharpEveryoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.__36__Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.1．__37__Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupcomingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimer'sdisease(老年痴呆症),accordingtoarecentstudy.__38__Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.There'sevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongorshort－termgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.2．Goforawalk.Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.__39__3．Learnsomethingnew.TakeaSpanishclassonline,joinadrawingclub,orlearntoplaycards.Astudyfoundthatmentalstimulation(刺激)limitstheweakeningeffectsofagingonmemoryandthemind.Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime.__40__Orgodancingwithyourfriends.A．Focusonthefuture.B．Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.C．Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.D．Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.E．Butdon'tworryifyourscheduleisn'tfilledwithlife－changingevents.F．Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.G．Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.答案：本文讲述了克制大脑反响缓慢的几个方法。36．F上一句提到随着年龄的增长，我们大脑的反响速度逐渐下降；下文又提出了许多克制这一现象的方法。F项承上启下，符合语境。37．A本段主要讲通过关注未来来克制反响缓慢，故A项“关注未来”正确。38．E本空上一句提到有规律地制订方案并对即将到来的事情保持期盼之心的人不易得老年痴呆症。E项承接上文，并引出下文对简单方案的介绍。39．G上一句提到锻炼能产生对大脑有益的化学物质，也就是说，当你善待自己的身体的时候，你也就善待了你的大脑。故G项正确。40．C本段介绍了学习对保持大脑安康的重要性。上一句提到学习新知识并同时使身体处于活泼状态对大脑最有益处。C项中提到的园艺就是一项这样的活动。第三局部：英语知识运用(共两节，总分值45分)第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)，选出最正确选项。(2023·安徽)Inourmodernworld，whensomethingwearsout，wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The__41__isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof__42__becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe__43__athrowawaysociety?Firstofall，itisnoweasierto__44__anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.__45__modernmanufacturing(制造业)andtechnology，companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland__46__.Anothercauseisour__47__ofdisposable(一次性的)products.As__48__people，wearealwayslookingfor__49__tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies__50__thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts：paperplates，plasticcups，andcameras，tonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso__51__totheproblem.Weare__52__buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat__53__isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe__54__usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworld，wecanseethe__55__ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To__56__theamountofrubbishandtoprotectthe__57__，moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.__58__，thisisnotenoughtosolve(解决)ourproblem.Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions__59__throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout__60__.Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.文章大意：文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的开展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。41．A.key B．reasonC．project D．problem答案：D考察名词。A.关键；B.原因；C.工程；D.问题。根据第二行“theworld...”可知，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，应选D。42．A.gifts B．rubbishC．debt D．products答案：B考察名词。A.礼物；B.垃圾；C.债务；D.产品。句意：因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾，因此，垃圾堆积成了山，应选B。43．A.face B．becomeC．observe D．change答案：B考察动词。A.面对；B.变得；C.观察，庆祝；D.改变。根据“Firstofall...”可知，这里讲的是变成“乱扔垃圾的社会”的原因，应选B。44．A.hide B．controlC．replace D．withdraw答案：C考察动词。A.躲藏；B.控制；C.代替；D.撤退，收回。句意：与花时间和钱修理相比，现在更容易更换物品，应选C。45．A.Thanksto B．AstoC．Exceptfor D．Regardlessof答案：A考察短语。A.多亏；B.至于；C.除了；D.不管。句意：多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够很快地生产产品，本钱也降低很多，应选A。46．A.safe B．funnyC．cheap D．powerful答案：C考察形容词。A.平安的；B.滑稽的；C.廉价的；D.强有力的。根据“inexpensively”可知，本钱降低的话，产品价格相对也会降低，应选C。47．A.love B．lackC．prevention D．division答案：A考察名词。A.爱；B.缺少；C.阻止；D.划分。句意：另一个原因是人们对一次性产品的钟爱，应选A。48．A.sensitive B．kindC．brave D．busy答案：D考察形容词。A.敏感的；B.友好的；C.勇敢的；D.忙碌的。根据“wearealwayslookingfor...”可知，人们总是在节省时间，说明人们很忙碌，应选D。49．A.ways B．placesC．jobs D．friends答案：A考察名词。A.方法；B.地方；C.工作；D.朋友。awaytodosth做某事的方法，是固定搭配，应选A。50．A.donate B．receiveC．produce D．preserve答案：C考察动词。A.捐赠；B.收到；C.生产；D.保存。句意：企业生产大量的一次性产品，应选C。51．A.adapts B．returnsC．responds D．contributes答案：D考察动词。A.适应，改编；B.返回；C.回应；D.做奉献。adaptto适应；returnto返回，归还；respondto反响；contributeto为……做奉献，促成，有助于。句意：人们对新产品的欲望促成了这一问题，应选D。52．A.tiredof B．addictedtoC．worriedabout D．ashamedfor答案：B考察短语。A.厌倦；B.沉迷于；C.担忧；D.感到羞耻。根据“appetite”可知，人们痴迷于购置新产品，应选B。53．A.newer B．strongerC．higher D．larger答案：A考察形容词比拟级。A.更新的；B.更强壮的；C.更高的；D.更大的。句意：广告使人们相信新的更好，应选A。54．A.pickup B．payforC．holdonto D．throwaway答案：D考察动词短语。A.捡起，学会，车接；B.支付；C.抓住，坚持；D.扔掉。句意：人们扔掉自己的物品来为新的腾地方，应选D。55．A.advantages B．purposesC．functions D．consequences答案：D考察名词。A.优点，有利条件；B.目的；C.功能，作用；D.后果。根据下句可知，这里指的是乱扔垃圾的后果。应选D。56．A.show B．recordC．decrease D．measure答案：C考察动词。A.显示，展示；B.记录；C.减少；D.测量。句意：越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品，这样做是为了减少垃圾，应选C。57．A.technology B．environmentC．consumers D．brands答案：B考察名词。A.技术；B.环境；C.消费者；D.品牌。要求人们循环利用也是为了保护环境，应选B。58．A.However B．OtherwiseC．Therefore D．Meanwhile答案：A考察副词。A.然而；B.要不然；C.因此；D.同时。句意：然而，只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的，应选A。59．A.by B．infavourofC．after D．insteadof答案：D考察介词短语。A.通过；B.支持；C.在……之后；D.代替，而不是。句意：我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们，应选D。60．A.spending B．collectingC．repairing D．advertising答案：C考察动词。A.花费，度过；B.收集；C.修理；D.宣传。句意：我们也需要重新考虑对修理的态度，根据下句“repairing...”可知答案，应选C。第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Mostofthetimekidsgettoys__61__giftsduringbirthdays,Christmasorjustbydoing__62__(good)inschool.Asparents,youareusuallyhavingahardtimetokeepallofthesetoys,becausethereisnoroomforthem.Youcanteachkidstorecyclethoseoldtoys.Givethemtofriendsorrelativeswith__63__(young)kids.Theywillinterestsomeotherkids.Itisagoodthingtoseesomeone__64__(excite)withtheseoutdatedtoys.Youcanalsoteachkidstheimportanceofmoney.__65__mostofthetoysweregifts,youstillhavetotellyourkidsthatmoney__66__(spend).Tellyourkidstosellthemandthemoneycanbeusedforanewtoy__67__forschoolstuff.Advisethemtoselloldtoysonline.Oldraretoyswillattractmorebuyers.Youshouldalsoteachthemtoshare—thebestwaywillbetodonatethemtocharitycentres.Weallknow__68__notallfamilieshavethemoneytobuytoysfor__69__kids.Theselessfortunatefamilieswouldratherspendtheirmoneyforfood__70__anythingelse.Theoldtoyswillmeanalotforthem.61．______62.______63.______64.______65．______66.______67.______68.______69．______70.______答案：61．as考察介词。把玩具“作为”礼物。as意为“作为”。62．well考察副词。修饰动词用副词well。dowellin为固定短语，意为“在……做得好”。dowellinschool“在校成绩优秀”。63．younger考察形容词比拟级。根据句意可知，此处指与自家孩子相比更小的孩子，故用younger。64．excited考察形容词。表达某人兴奋的，冲动的用excited。seesb.excited“看到某人很冲动”。65．Although/Though考察连词。根据语境判断，前后句之间为转折关系，因此，填although或though连接让步状语从句。66．wasspent考察语态。money为句子的主语，spend作谓语，应该用被动语态。67．or考察连词。卖旧玩具得来的钱可以用于买新玩具或者买文具。表示在两者之间选择，用or，意为“或者”。68．that考察宾语从句。that引导的名词从句作know的宾语。that在句中不充当成分。69．their考察代词。并非所有的家庭都有钱为他们的孩子买玩具。their与families对应。7