英语国家概况Chapter-6名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件

AGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountries英语国家概况英语国家概况TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland第1页Chapter6

Literature

TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland英语国家概况第2页CONTENTTheOldEnglishPeriodandMiddleEnglishPeriod(450-1500)ITheRenaissance(1500-1660)IITheNeo-ClassicalPeriod(1660-1785)IIITheRomanticPeriod(1785-1830)IVTheVictorianPeriod(1832-1901)V第3页TheOldEnglishPeriodandMiddleEnglishPeriod(450-1500)I

1.1GeneralKnowledge1.2TheOldEnglishPeriod

1.3TheMiddleEnglishPeriod

第4页1.1GeneralKnowledgeInpractice,worksofliteraturefallintofourcategoriesorgenres:poetrydramaFiction/novelProse/essay第5页1.2TheOldEnglishPeriodOldEnglish:theepic

Beowulf

：folklegendofAnglo-Saxons传说讲述Beowulf是位非常强而有力人,当初有一只丑陋而可怕怪物Grendel在四出破坏及吃人。Beowulf与物恶斗后将它杀死了。Grendel母亲对此怀恨在心...于是待Beowulf年老后去找他偿命,Grendel母亲将Beowulf拖进其湖底巢穴并廝杀。最终被Beowulf用剑把她头砍下来，他在湖底找刭Grendel尸体,也把他头砍了带走。Hrothgar王对他感激不已,送了他许多酬赏。但好景不长,有些人从一巨龙之穴偷走了一个金杯,令巨龙极为愤恨。於是它四出捣乱及烧毁村庄,令人民生活大受影响。年老Beowulf再次堤起他剑与外甥Wiglaf一起去对付巨龙(其它人太害怕巨龙而没人敢帮助他...),大战过后巨龙终被他俩所杀,但Beowulf也因伤重而死。第6页1.2TheOldEnglishPeriodWiglaf在诗中最终对那些不敢战斗如懦夫般战士话：

Soitisgoodbyetoallyouknowandlove

onyourhomeground,theopen-handedness,

thegivingofwarswords.Everyoneofyou

withfreeholdsofland,ourwholenation,

willbedispossessed,once-princesfrombeyond

gettidingsofhowyouturnedandfled

anddisgracedyourselves.Awarriorwillsooner

diethanlivealifeofshame.

第7页1.3TheMiddleEnglishPeriod(1066-1485).MiddleEnglish:GeoffreyChaucer

TheCanterburyTales

作品描写一群香客（pilgrim）聚集在伦敦一家小旅店里，准备去坎特伯雷城朝圣。店主人提议香客们在往返途中各讲两个故事，看谁讲最好。故事集包含了23个故事，如：骑士讲爱情悲剧故事、卖赎罪券者讲劝世寓言故事、教士讲动物寓言故事、商人讲家庭纠纷故事、农民讲感人爱情和慷慨义气行为故事。第8页1.3TheMiddleEnglishPeriod(1066-1485).作品广泛地反应了当初英国社会生活，揭露了教会腐败、教士贪婪和伪善，训斥了扼杀人性禁欲主义，必定了世俗爱情生活。

第9页TheRenaissance(1500-1660)

2.1GeneralKnowledge

2.2WilliamShakespeare

II第10页

Intellecturalmovement:Renaissance文艺复兴admirationoftheGreekandLatinclassicworks.sonnet(十四行诗)dramaThedramatypesaretragedy,comedy.

2.1GeneralKnowledge第11页2.2WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)

第12页2.2WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)

Shakespeare’sBirthplace第13页TheGlobeTheatre：rebuiltnearitsoriginallocationonthesouthbankoftheThamesRiverinLondon.2.2WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)第14页Sonnet《莎士比亚十四行诗集》:154首诗，作于1592年至1598年“莎士比亚体”（Shakespearean），由三节四行诗和两行对句组成，每行10个音节韵式Rhyme为ABAB，CDCD，EFEF，GG。第15页Sonnet141InfaithIdonotlovetheewithmineeyes,Fortheyintheeathousanderrorsnote;But`tismyheartthatloveswhattheydespise,Whoindespiteofviewispleasedtodote.Noraremineearswiththytongue`stunedelighted;Nortenderfeelingtobasetouchesprone,Nortaste,norsmell,desiretobeinvitedToanysensualfeastwiththeealone.Butmyfivewits,normyfivesensescanDissuadeonefoolishheartfromservingthee,Wholeavesunswayedthelikenessofaman,Thyproudheart`sslaveandvassalwretchtobe.OnlymyplaguethusfarIcountmygain,Thatshethatmakesmesinawardsmepain.第16页Comedy:爱情、情谊、婚姻

AMidsummerNight’sDream(1595)MerchantofVenice(1598)AsYouLikeIt(1599)TwelfthNight(1601)DramaDrama:37---Comedy,histaricalplay,tragedy第17页MERCHANTVENICE第18页2.2WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)Tragedies:RomeoandJuliet(1595)Hamlet(1601)Othello(1604)KingLear(1605)Macbeth(1606)第19页Hamlet第20页Othello第21页KingLear第22页Macbeth第23页第24页2.2WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)Q.WhichplayisregardedasamilestoneinShakespeare’sdramaticdevelopment?A:

Hamlet.第25页2.2WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)Tobe,ornottobe

(fromHamlet3/1)

Tobe,ornottobe:thatisthequestion:Whether'tisnoblerinthemindtosufferTheslingsandarrowsofoutrageousfortune,Ortotakearmsagainstaseaoftroubles,Andbyopposingendthem?第26页2.2WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)Q.WhatmakesShakespearesofamous?A:Hisgreatunderstandingofhumannatureandhisabilitytofinduniversalhumanqualitiesandtoputthemindramaticsituations.人与宇宙、人性、灵与肉、人生终极目标等根本性问题，属于超道德范围

第27页TheNeo-classicalPeriod(1660-1785)III

3.1HistoricalBackground

3.2Representatives

第28页

The17thcentury:theBourgeoisRevolutionJohnMilton:ParadiseLost(失乐园)揭示了人原罪与堕落。诗中叛逆之神撒旦，因为反抗上帝权威被打入地狱，却毫不屈服，为复仇寻至伊甸园。亚当与夏娃受被撒旦附身蛇引诱，偷吃了上帝明令禁吃分辨善恶树上果子。最终，撒旦及其同伙遭谴全变成了蛇，亚当与夏娃被逐出了伊甸园。该诗表达了诗人追求自由高尚精神3.1HistoricalBackground第29页3.1HistoricalBackground

The18thcentury:Peacefuldevelopment

TheIndustrialRevolutionClassicism

：AlexanderPopeSatire(讽刺文学)cametofullgrowth.AlexanderPopeJonathanSwiftDanielDefoe第30页3.2Representatives[

3.2.3DanielDefoe

3.2.1AlexanderPope

3.2.2JonathanSwift第31页3.2.2AlexanderPopeAlexanderPope(1688-1744)AnEssayonCriticism(1711)Alittlelearningisadangerousthing.Toerrishuman.第32页3.2.3JonathanSwiftJonathanSwift(1667-1745)Gulliver’sTravels(1726)—格列佛游记Novel：游记体讽刺小说

第33页3.2.4DanielDefoeDanielDefoe(1660?-1731)

RobinsonCrusoe(1719)鲁滨孙漂流记Novel：冒险自传体小说

第34页TheRomanticPeriod(1785-1830)IV

4.1PioneersofRomanticPoets

4.2TheMajor“SecondGeneration”ofRomanticPoets

第35页4.1PioneersofRomanticPoets

Pioneers:LakepoetsWilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)PassiveRomanticismIwanderedlonelyasacloud

Thatfloatsonhigho'ervalesandhills,

WhenallatonceIsawacrowd,

Ahost,ofgoldendaffodils;我孤独地漫游，像一朵云在山丘和谷地上浮荡，突然间我看见一群金色水仙花迎春开放

第36页4.2TheMajor“SecondGeneration”ofRomanticPoetsActiveRomanticism:Themajor“secondgeneration”ofRomanticpoets

LordByron,PercyByssheShelley,JohnKeats.第37页4.2TheMajor“SecondGeneration”ofRomanticPoetsPercyByssheShelley(1792-1822)poems—“OdetotheWestWind”(1819)……BethroughmylipstounawakenedearthThetrumpetofaprophecy!OWind,IfWintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?

第38页TheVictorianPeriod(1832-1901)V

5.1CriticalRealism

5.2Representatives

第39页5.1CriticalRealismA:

Thecriticalrealistsdescribedthechieftraitsofthesocietyandcriticizedthecapitalistsystemfromademocraticviewpoint.Q.What’sthecharacteristicoftheCriticalRealismnovels?Itsrepresemtative：CharlesDickensLeadingformofliterature:novel第40页5.2Representatives

5.2.1CharlesDickens

5.2.3BronteSisters

5.2.4GeorgeEliot

5.2.5ThomasHardy

5.2.2JaneAusten第41页5.2.1CharlesDickensCharlesDickens(1812-1870)Empathyforthecommonpeople第42页5.2.1CharlesDickensThePickwickPapers(1836-1837)—《匹克威克外传》broughthimimmediatefame

GreatExpectations(1860-1861)《

远大前途》OliverTwist(1837)《

雾都孤儿》ATaleofTwoCities(1859)《

双城记》DavidCopperfield(1849-1850)《大卫·科波菲尔》 Autobiography

第43页5.2.1CharlesDickens第44页第45页第46页第47页5.2.2JaneAustenJaneAusten(1775–1817):6novelsSenseandSensibility(1811)

《理性与感性》PrideandPrejudice(1813)《高傲与偏见》MansfieldPark(1814)《曼斯菲尔德庄园》Emma(1816)《爱玛》第48页Prideandprejudice班纳特五个女儿对待终生大事不一样处理，表现出乡镇中产阶级家庭出身少女对婚姻爱情问题不一样态度，从而反应了作者本人婚姻观。

高傲与偏见第49页5.2.3BronteSisters

Brontesisters:Charlotte(1816-1855)JaneEyre(1847)Emily(1818-1848)WutheringHeights