2023高考英语短语整理教学设计

2024高考英语短语整理教学设计新修订高中阶段原创精品配套教材

20xx高考英语短语整理教材定制/提高课堂效率/内容可修改

2024collegeentranceexaminationEnglishphrases

老师：风老师

风顺其次中学

编订：FoonShion训练

20xx高考英语短语整理

词组专题

partone:动词短语

基本要点：动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起，构成短语动词。最常见的有以下几类：

i、动词+介词（at,for,after,on,to,with,of,from,in,into,through,about等）构成的词组,相当于一个及物动词,其宾语只能接在介词之后。

theyfinallyagreedontheplan.thisjobcallsforskillsandpatience.

thebankwasbrokenintolastnight.we’llthinkaboutit.

ii、动词+副词(up,off,out,away,on,in,over,down,about,round/around等)构成的词组

1.一部分为不及物动词短语，不能直接加宾语，也无被动。如：breakout,eabout,eout

2．一部分为及物的动词短语,其宾语假如是名词，可前可后；若是代词，则只能放在当中。

youcancallyourteacherup=youcancallupyourteacher

youcancallhimup.we’llthinkitover.

iii.动词+副词+介词:相当于及物动词

wemustmakeupforthelosttime.我们必需弥补失去的时间。doihavetodoawaywithmyhabit?我是不是得除掉我的习惯？

iv.动词+名词/(反身)代词+介词:相当于一及物动词

heneverhelpsmewithouttryingtotakeadvantageofme.(利用)inschool,ioftentakechargeofvariousactivities.（负责/管理）

一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词

1.v+about(介词：关于)：皆为及物短语动词

ask/inquireabout:询问…的状况careabout:在乎;/介意;关注quarrelabout/over为…争辩/争吵

argueabout/over为…争辩//辩论debateabout/on为/关于…辩论discussabout争论，谈论

worryabout：担忧concernabout:关怀，挂念know/learnabout:了解

readabout:读知,阅后得知talkabout:谈论hearabout:听说（=hearof）

plainabout（埋怨/投诉）bringabout带来，造成thinkabout:考虑

speakabout:谈到，谈论(=speakof)setaboutdoingsth着

手做某事dosthabout...想方法/实行措施解决...

v+about(副词:处处/四周)：皆为不及物短语动词

walk/goabout:四处走动moveabout:四处走,常常搬家wanderabout:闲逛/徘徊

hangabout:闲荡eabout:发生lookabout/around:环顾;(商店中)四处看

2.v+across（介词或副词）

eacross...:偶遇(=eupon)runacross...:偶然发觉/遇到cutacross:抄近路穿过/横越;影响

put/get(…)acrosstosb:解释/传达，使某人明白…ittookmeanhourtogetmyintentionacrosstoher.

3.v+after(介词)

beafter:寻求,查找，追求go/run/chaseafter:追逐/逐lookafter:照看

takeafter:长得像;学某人的样askafter:探问/询问name...after...:以…名字命名...

4.v+along

ealong跟着一起来willyouealongwithme?进展/进步sheisingalongnicelyaftertheoperation.

bring/take。。。along把…带来/去getalong/on相处；进展getalong/onwithsb/sth与某人相处；在...进展

5.v+against(介词):

argaueagainst:（发表意见）反对/反对beagainst:反对fight/struggleagainst:与…做斗争

goagainst:违反，反对；对...不利thecasemightgoagainsthim.hewentagainsttheadviceofhiscolleaguesandresigned.turnagainst:背叛;对…实行敌对态度.eventhosewhoareonceforhimbegintoturnagainsthim.

warnagainst:警告不要,提示提防iwouldwarnagainstsuchanadventure

prevent/guard/provideagainst预防wehavetoprovideagainstaccidents.theserulescanprevent/guardagainstaccidents.

6v+apart(副词或形容词:分别/分开的)

takeapart拆开;剖析tearapart:扯/拆开,使心碎tell…apart:分别/区分

setapart:区分，突出fall/eapart:瓦解/崩溃

7.v+round(副词)

getround传开来;四处走动itwasnotlongbeforethenewsgotroundthattraceywasdatingjames.

getsbround:说服某人heisdeterminedandwon’tgivein—seeifyoucangethimround

getroundto(doing)sth:最终去做/找到时间做ihaven’tevengotroundtounpackingfrommyholidayyet.

eround:恢复/清醒poursomewateronhisfacehe'llsooneround.don'tscoldtheboy;he'lleroundintime.

转变意见shewillnevereround(toourwayofthinking).

(非正式的)来访，到来；绕道eroundwhenyouhavetime.christmaswillsooneround.

bring..round/around(to...):使某人恢复知觉wemanagedtobringherroundwithsomesmellingsalt.

说服某人转变想法bringhimroundtoourpointofview

把话题转到...hebroughtthediscussionroundtofootball.

8.v+aside(在一边,另外)

put/leave/set…aside:留出/拨出以备专用;撇开/搁置一边不考虑layaside:暂放一边throwaside:抛弃

asidefrom=besides除...外(还有)

9.v+as(介词：充当/作为)

serveas:充当，用作actas:扮演，充当workas:充当,担当…工作functionas:充当（…功能）

10.v+at(介词)

shout/yellat:对…叫喊knockat:敲laughat:称赞flyat:扑向

pointat:指向/着，对准eat:攻击,达到goat:扑向,尽力干catchat:想抓住,渴望

shoot/fireat:向…开火aimat旨在；瞄准；企图targetat把…瞄准…attemptat尝试/企图;努力

lookat:看stareat:盯着看;注视glareat:怒视glanceat瞥见，看一下(扫瞄)

callatsp:访问某地dropinatsp顺便走访某地arriveat：到达;达成arriveatconclusion/agreement

workat:从事,钻研wonderat:对…惊异estimateat:估量

11.v+away(副词)

putaway:放好/收好；储存备用;舍弃giveaway:赠送，分送;泄露turnaway:解雇;把…打发走

sendaway:驱除,解雇clearaway:清除，移走wearaway:磨掉,(时间)消逝

throwaway:扔掉,抛弃takeaway:拿走smoothaway:克服，消退

passaway:去世/逝世goaway:走开,离开dieaway(风/声音)渐息/渐弱;(树木)凋零/枯萎

12.v+back(副词)

keepback:阻挡;隐瞒;扣留holdback:忍住，抑制住bringback:拿回；使…回想起，使恢复

takeback:带回；撤销/收回（说的话）giveback:归还;反射(光等)getback找回/取回;回来

callback:回电,召回处理answerback:回嘴payback:偿还，

向…报复，回报

13.v+by(介词或副词):

goby路过某地;时间过去passby经过某地；(时间)逝去standby旁观(=lookon);预备行动；支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守

14.v+down(介词或副词)

turndown:调低(音量等);拒绝某人letsbdown使某人绝望putdown：放下，登记，镇压

note/put/takedown:登记takedown取下；登记；拆卸tear/pulldown拆毁

breakdown:出毛病;裂开;崩溃；分解burndown烧毁cutdown:削减，削减；杀死，砍倒

keepdown压制；掌握，缩减开支holddown压制；抑制(热忱等)缩减slowdown使慢下来,减缓

knockdown击/撞倒;拆除;使降价bringdown使降落/下降,降价godown:下降，削减；沉没

godownwith生…病laydown:放下，铺设handdown:传递，遗传下来

passdown:传下来falldown落下；跌到；倒塌；失败；证明是不行的diedown:渐熄

calmdown安静/镇静下来settledown定居;安静下来settledownto安定下来用心于

getdown:从…下来;下车;写下;使懊丧getdownto开头仔细做，着手做

15.v+for(介词)

makefor:向…前进;有利于/促进headfor驶向,走向setsailfor/setofffor向某地驶去/动身

leavefor动身去某地lookfor:查找huntfor搜寻，查找callfor:需要/要求;提倡;邀约/约请(callforsb)waitfor:等待carefor喜爱,关怀

applyfor恳求/申请answerfor对…负责betoblamefor...应对...负责

payfor偿还,赔偿standfor代表，意味着，主见，支持sendfor派人去请某人

gofor:攻击；适用于；想要获得；宠爱askfor:要求/要;找某人(askforsb)runfor竞选

praise/punish/scoldsbfor...因..赞扬/惩处/责骂sbaccountfor是…的缘由;解释;占据allowfor:考虑到；顾及

arrangefor:支配struggle/fightfor:为…而斗争fallfor:沉迷/对…倾心；上某人的当

hope/wish/longforsth:盼望/渴望bedying/eager/thirtyfor...渴望

16.v+forward(副词)

bringforward:提出;将…提前putforward提出;促进；

将钟拔前pushforward:推动/连续进行