2023江苏卷高考英语试题word版

2024江苏卷高考英语试题word版2024年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）

英语

留意事项：

1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。

2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）

做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时学#科*网间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie?

A.It'samusing

B.It'sexciting

C.It'sdisappointing

2.HowwillSusanspendmostofhertimeinFrance?

A.Travelingaround.

B.Studyingataschool.

C.Lookingstterheraunt.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingzbout?

A.Goingout.

B.Orderingdrinks.

C.Preparingforaparty.

4.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Inaclassroom.

B.Inalibrary.

C.Inabookstore.

5.Whatisthemangoingtodo?

A.GoonInternet

B.Makeaphonecall.

C.Takeatraintrip.

其次节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?

A.Aninformationoffice.

B.Apolicestation

C.Ashoerepairshop.

7.WhatistheTownGuideaccordingtotheman?

A.Abrochure.

B.Anewspaper.

C.Amap.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatdoesthemansayabouttherestaurant?

A.It'sthebiggestonearound.

B.Itoffersmanytastydishes.

C.It'sfamounsforitsseafood.

9.Whatwillthewomanprobablyorder?

A.Friedfish

B.Roastchicken.

C.Beefsteak.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.WherewillMr.Whitebeat11o'clock?

A.Attheoffice

B.Attheairport.

C.Attherestaurant.

11.WherewillMr.Whiteprobablydoatoneintheafternoon?

A.Receliveaguest.

B.Haveameeting.

C.Readareport.

12.WherewillMissWilsonseeMr.White？

A.Atlunchtime.

B.Lateintheafternoon.

C.Thenextmorning.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.WhyisBiligoingtoGermany？

A.Toworkonaproject.

B.TostudyGerman.

C.Tostartanewpany.

14.WhatdidthewomandislikeaboutGermany？

A.Theweather.

B.Thefood.

C.Theschools.

15.WhatdoesBillhopetodoabouthisfamily？

A.BringthemtoGermany.

B.LeavetheminEngland.

C.Visittheminafewmonths.

16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？

A.Fellow-travelers.

B.Colleagues.

C.Classmates.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.WhendiditrainlasttimeinJuarez？

A.Threedaysago.

B.Amonthago.

C.Ayearago.

18.Whatseasonisitnowinjuarez？

A.Spring.

B.Summer

C.Autumn.

19.Whataretheelderlyadvisedtodo？

A.Takeawalkinafternoon.

B.Keeptheirhomescool.

C.Drinkplentyofwater.

20.Whatisthespeakerdoing？

A.Hostingaradioprogram.

B.Conductingaseminar.

C.Forecastingtheweather.

其次部分：英语学问运用（共两节，满分35分）

第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_________heorshewants.

A.however

B.whatever

C.whichever

D.whenever

答案是B。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_________heorshewants.

A.however

B.whatever

C.whichever

D.whenever

答案是B。

21.ManyChinesebrands,__________theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.

A.havingdeveloped

B.beingdeveloped

C.developed

D.developing

22.__________notforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovereherdifficulty.

A.Itwere

B.Wereit

C.Itwas

D.Wasit

23.Located_________theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.

A.why

B.when

C.which

D.where

24.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which_________bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

25.WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas_________thebestinherasadoctor.

A.heldout

B.broughtout

C.pickedout

D.givenout

26.Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof_________itusedtocharge.

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.how

27.Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe_________.

A.wasbeingfollowed

B.wasfollowing

C.hadbeenfollowed

D.followed

28.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_____purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.

A.which

B.it’s

C.whose

D.whom

29.OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smart–phonesdefeated_________PCsinsales.

A.controversial

B.contractory

C.confidential

D.conventional

30.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp_________youryearahead.

A.shape

B.switch

C.stretch

D.sharpen

31.He’sbeeninformedthathe_________forthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.

A.hasn’tqualified

B.hadn’tqualified

C.doesn’tqualify

D.wasn’tqualifying

32.Determiningwhereweare_________oursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforour

survival.

A.incontrastto

B.indefenseof

C.infaceof

D.inrelationto

33.——WhatdoesthestuffonyourT-shirtmean?

——it’snothing.Justsomething_________.

A.asclearasday

B.offthetopofmyhead

C.undermynose

D.beyondmywildestdreams

34.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.But_________explanations

arehardtofind.

A.alternative

B.aggressive

C.ambiguous

D.apparent

35.——GoingtowatchtheWomen’sVolleyballMatchonWednesday?

——!Willyougowithme?

A.Youthere

B.Youbet

C.Yougotme

D.Youknowbetter

其次节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ForalongtimeGabrieldidn’twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyatmusicstudents,36acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases.37atschoolforpracticehours38anyoneelsehadtobethere.Hesworetohimselfto39music,ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.

__40___，oneday，inthemusicclassthatwas__41_ofhisschool’sstandardcurriculurn，hewasplayingidly（随便地）onthepianoandfoundit____42___topickouttunes.Withasinkingfeeling,herealizedthatheactually__43__doingit.Hetriedtihidehis__44__pleasurefromthemusicteather,whohad__45__overtolisten.Hemightnothavethisparticularlywell,__46__theteachertoldGabrielthathehadagood___47__andsuggestedthatGabrielgointothemusinstore-roomtiseeifanyoftheinstrumentsthere__48__him.Therehedecidedtogivethecello（大提琴）a__49__.Whenhebeganpracticing,hetookitvery__50__.Buthequicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrurnent,andwas__51__topracticingitsothatwithinacoupleofmonthshewasplayingreasonablywell.

This__52__,ofcourse,thathearrivedatschoolearlyinthemorning,__53__hisheavy

instrumentcaseacrossthecampustothe__54__looksofthenon-musicianshehadleft__55__.

36.A.travellingB.marchingC.pacingD.struggling

37.A.risingupB.ingupC.drivingupD.turningup

38.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.since

39.A.betrayB.acceptC.avoidD.appreciate

40.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.ThusD.Moreover

41.A.partB.natureC.basisD.apirit

42.A.plicateB.safeC.confusingD.easy

43.A.missedB.dislikedC.enioyedD.denied

44.A.transparentB.obviousC.falseD.similar

45.A.runB.joggedC.jumpedD.wandered

46.A.becauseB.butC.thoughD.so

47.A.earB.tasteC.heartD.voice

48.A.occurredB.tooktoC.appealedD.heldto

49.A.changeB.chanceC.missionD.function

50.A.seriouslyB.proudlyC.casuallyD.admitted

51.A.mittedB.usedC.limitedD.admitted

52.A.provedB.showedC.stressedD.meant

53.A.pushingB.draggingC.liftingD.rushing

54.A.admiringB.pityingC.annoyingD.teasing

55.A.overB.asideC.behindD.out

第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

CHRONOLOGICA

——TheUnbelievableYearsthatDefinedHistory

DIDYOUKNOW…

In105ADpaperwasinventedinChina?

WhenColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld?

TheBritishMuseumopenedin1759?

CHRONOLOGICAisafascinatingjourneythroughtime,fromthefoundationofRometothecreationoftheinternet.Alongthewayaretalesofkingsandqueens,hotairballoons…andmonkeysinspace.

Travelthrough100ofthemostunbelievableyearsinworldhistoryandledrnwhybeingaRomanEmperorwasn’talwaysasgoodasitsounds,howtheHundredYears’Wardidn’tactuallylastfor100yearsandwhySpencerPercevalholdsaratherunfortunaterecord.

CHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory,beautifullyillustratedandfullofunbelievablefacts.WhileCHRONOLOGICAtellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistorysuchasThomasEdisonandAlexandertheGreat,thisbookalsogivesabaccountofthelivesoflesser-knownindividualsincludingtheexploeerMungoParkandsculptorGutzonBorglum.

Thispletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreadersyoungandold,andguaranteedtopresenteventhebiggesthistoryloverwithsomgthingnew!

56.WhatisCHRONOLOGICAaccordingtothenext?

A．Abiography.B．Atravelguide.

C．Ahistorybook.D．Asciencefiction.

57.HowdoesthewriterremendCHRONOLOGICAtoreaders?

A．Bygivingdetailsofitscollection.

B．Byintroducingsomeofitscontents.

C．Bytellingstoriesatthebeginning.

D．Byparingitwithotherbooks.

B

Beforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.Butwhenitestoembryoniclearning（胎教），birdscouldruletheroost.AsrecentlyreportedinTheAuk:OrnithologicalAdrances,somemotherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungtosingevenbeforetheyhatch(孵化)。New-bornchickscanthenimitatetheirmom’scallwithinafewdaysofeneringtheworld.

Thiseducationalmethodwasfirstobservedin2024bySoniaKieindorfer,abiologistatFlindersUniversityinSouthAustralia,andhercollcagues.FemakeAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefoundtorepeatonesoundoverandoveragainwhilehatchingtheirerrs,Whentheerrswere

hatched,thebabybirdsmadethesimilarchirptotheirmothers—asoundthatservedastheirregular“feedme!”call.

Tofindoutifthespecialqualitywasmorewidespreadinbirds,theresearcherssoughtthered-backedfairywren,anotherspeciesofAustraliansongbird.Firsttheycollectedsounddatdfrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslangbeforeandafterhatching,Thentheyidentifiedbeggingcallsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes.Aputeranalysisblindlyparedcallsproducedbymothersandchicks,rankingthembysimilarity.

Itturnsoutthatbabyred-backedfairywrensalsoemergechirpingliketheirmoms.Andthemorefrequentlymothershadcalledtotheirerrs,themoresimilarwerethebabies’beggingcalls.Inaddition,theteamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmom’svoicewererewardedwiththemostfood.

Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological(神经系统的)strengthsofchildrentoparents.Anevolutionaryinferencecanthenbedrawn.”Asaparent,doyouinvestinqualitychildren,ordoyouinvestinchildrenthatareinneed?”Kleindorferasks.”Ourresultssuggestthattheymightbegoingforquality.”

58.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph1means“”.

A.betheworst

B.bethebest

C.betheasbad

D.bejustasgood

59.WhatareKleindorfer’sfindingsbasedon?

A.Similaritiesbetweenthecallsmomsandchicks.

B.TheobservationoffairywrensacrossAustralia.

C.ThedatacollectedfromQueensland’slocals.

D.Controlledexperimentsonwrensandotherbirds.

60.Embryoniclearninghelpsmotherbirdstoidentifythebabybirdswhich.

A.canreceivequalitysignals

B.areinneedoftraining

C.fittheenvironmentbetter

D.maketheloudestcall

C

Anewmoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust（反垄断）regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourcein

questionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants（巨头）thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.

Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime,Thegiants'successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery,Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree(userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata).Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewerscanmakewaves,too.

Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandpetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtootherpanies.Internetpanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’seyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.

Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.BreakingupfirmslikeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:intime,oneofthemwouldbeegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobeeapparent,twoideasstandout.

Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger(兼并),forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'dataassets(资产)whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedpanyisbuyinganew-bormthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhenanew-bornpanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.

Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofon-lineserviceshaveoverdataandgivemoretothosewhosupplythem.Companiescouldbeforcedtoconsumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhowmanymoneytheymakeformit.Govemmentscouldorderthesharingofcertainkindsofdata,withusers'consent.

RestartingantitrustfortheinformationagewillnotbeeasyButifgovemmentsdon'twantsadataoconomybyafewgiants,theymustactsoon.

61.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants?

A.Theyhavecontrolledthedatamarket

B.Theycollectenormousprivatedata

C.Theynolongerprovidefreeservices

D.Theydismissedsomenew-borngiants

62.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate?

A.Datagiants’technologyisveryexpensive

B.Google’sideaispopularamongdatafirms

C.Datacanstrengthengiants’controllingposition

D.Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproducts

63.Bypayingattentiontofirms’dataassets,antitrustregulatorscould.

A.killanewthreat

B.avoidthesizetrap

C.favourbiggerfirms

D.chargehigherprices

64.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants’controlofdata?

A.Bigpaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure.

B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure.

C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy.

D.Smallpaniescouldgetmoreopportunities.

D

OldProblem，NewApproaches

Whilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife，globalwarningwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissions（排放）peak.Soevenifemissionweretobegindecreasetoday，wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimate.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation.

Whenitestoadaptation，itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard，buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions.Thisiswhyinpartatleast，theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat:”thereisno‘one-sizefitall’adaptation.”Nevertheless，therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost.

Aroundtheworldpeopleareadaptinginsurprisingways，especiallyinsomepoorcountries，

FloodshavesomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserverasfloatinglibraries，scbools，andhealthclinics，andareequipmentwithsolarpanelsandothermunicationfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnecticity（连体）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel：hisstaffpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensfishpondspreventatarcationduringthewetseason.

Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries,FllodshavebeemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MobammedRezwansawopportunilywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries,schoods,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothermunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconmetivity（连接）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel:hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondstopreventstarvationduringthewetseason.

ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.Chewang.NophellivesinamountaionousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers(冰川)thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.Norphel’sinspirationefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigation(浇灌)water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves.Nophelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200,000m3ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorhel’sicereserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.Butheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.

IncreasingEarth’sreflectivenesscancooltheplanet.InsouthernSpainthesuddenincreaseofgreenhouses(whichreflectlightbacktospace)haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,andactuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly,temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.

InPeni,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.Theouteisstillfarfromclear,ButtheWorld

Bankhasincludedtheprojectonitsof‘100ideastosavetheplanet”.

Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowshimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis—eitherbygrowingnewproduce,orbygrowingthesamethingsdifferently.Thisismonsense,Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot.Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe’velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it’sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.

Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,ifweadaptintheway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.

65.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies.

A.adaptationisanever-changingprocess

B.thecostofadaptationvarieswithtime

C.globalwarmingaffectsadaptationforms

D.adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging

66.WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwan’sproject?

A.Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport.

B.Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother.

C.Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation.

D.Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways.

67.WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming?

A.Storingiceforfutureuse.

B.Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting.

C.Changingtheirrigationtime.

D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.

68.WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample?

A.Whitepaintisusuallysafeforbuildings.

B.Theglobalwarmingtreadcannotbestopped.

C.Thiscountryisheatinguptooquickly.

D.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobalwarming.

69.Accordingtotheauthor,pollutingindustriesshould.

A.adapttocarbonpollution

B.planthighlyprofitablecrops

C.leavecarbonemissionalone

D.fightagainstcarbonpollution

70.What’stheauthor’spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming?

A.settingupanewstandard.

B.Readucingcarbonemission.

C.Adaptingtoclimatechange.

D.Monitoringpollutingindustries.

第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请阅读下面短文，并依据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个

．．最恰当的单词。

留意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

PopulationChange

Whyistheworld’spopulationgrowing？Theanswerisnotwhatyoumightthink.Thereasonfortheexplosionisnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits,butthatpeoplehavestoppeddroppingdeadlikeflies.In1900,peoplediedattheaverageageof30.By2000theaverageagewas65.Butwhileincreasinghealthwasatupicalfeatureofthe20thcentury,decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.

Statisticsshowthattheaveragenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9intheearly1960sto2.5owadays.Furthermore,around50%oftheworld’spopulationliveinregionswherethefigureisnowbelowthereplacementlevel(i.e.2.1birthsperwoman)andalmostalldevelopednationsareexperiencingsub-repalanementbirthrate.Youmightthinkthatdevelopingnationswouldmakeuptheloss(especiallysince80%oftheworld’speoplenowliveinsuchnations),butyou’dbewrong,Declining