北京初中中考英语真题及含答案

2019年北京市初中学业水平考试英语知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每题分）从下边各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择能够填入空白处的最正确选项。1.Mr.Wangiscomingtoourschool.Ican'twaittosee．A.herB.himC.itD.them2.Weplantedsomeflowersthegardenyesterday.A.onB.toC.inD.of3.—Excuseme,isthisT-shirt—It's88yuan.A.howmuchB.howmanyC.howlongD.howold4.—Lily,youfinishtheletterintenminutes—Yes,Ican.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.can5.Thiscapisnice,itdoesn'tlookgoodonme.A.forB.soC.butD.or6.Julietakesgoodcareofthefamilydog.Sheis_thanherbrother.A.patientB.morepatientC.mostpatientD.themostpatient7.Samwithhisfriendseveryweekend.A.skatesB.isskatingC.hasskatedD.wasskating8.—Tom,what'syourdaddoing—Hemybike.A.repairsB.willrepairC.hasrepairedD.isrepairing9.Ourschoollife___alotsince2017.Wehavemoreactivitiesnow.A.changesB.changedC.willchangeD.haschanged10.IfyouwanttovisitthePalaceMuseum,I_ticketsforyoutomorrow.A.willbookB.bookedC.havebookedD.wasbooking11.MyadviceonhowtosavepaperbymyclasslastMonday.A.acceptsB.acceptedC.wasacceptedD.isaccepted12.—Didyounoticeinheroffice—Yes.Shewasgoingoverourwriting.whatwasMissLindoingwhatMissLinwasdoingwhatdoesMissLindowhatMissLindoes二、完形填空（共8分，每题1分）阅读下边的短文，掌握其粗心，而后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最正确选项。RunforClassPresidentTwomonthsago,whenourclasselection（选举）started,Idecidedtorunforclasspresident.Ienjoyedspeakinginpublicandgotalongwellwithpeople,soIfeltiteasytowin.ButIwas13thatpeoplewouldfeelbadformeifIlost.Iwasbusypreparinginthefollowingweek.Myplanwasn'ttomakepromisestodothingsIcouldn't14buttoshowmyclasswhyIwantedtobepresident.Iputupmypostersinhallwaysandintheclassroom.Ialsospentthreehourswritingmyspeech,sayingthatIwastheonetheycouldturntowhenevertheyhadaproblem.SinceIwas15prepared,Ifeltthatmychancesofwinningwerestrong.However,whenIgavemyspeechonElectionDay,theresponse（反响）wasn'twhatIhad16.Fewpeopleactuallylistened.Whenitwasmyoppoent's（敌手的）turn,everyonewasscreaminghisname.Hisspeechwasshort,butalltothepoint.Bythen,IrealizedIshouldhavemademineshorterandclearer.Itwasobviouswhowould17.Fortherestoftheday,Ifeltlikeitwasover.Iwantedtojustgohomeandcry,butImadeitthrough.My18wasright:Ididn'twin.Thenextday,peoplewerestilltalkingabouttheelection.Ijustpretended（假装）nottohear.Butlater,thingsgotbetter.People19abouttheelectionandtalkedtomejustastheydidbefore.Idon'tregretputtingtimeandenergyintotheelectionbecauseI'velearnedthatthingsaren'talwaysgoingthewayIexpect.Andmomentsoffailurelikethisbuild20一sincethenI'velearnedtofacedisappointmentandgrownstronger.13.A.boredB.afraidC.excitedD.hopeful14.A.compareB.rememberC.manageD.repeat15.A.fullyB.quicklyC.freshlyD.physically16.A.fearedB.facedC.mentionedD.pictured17.A.insistB.returnC.waitD.win18.A.suggestionB.predictionC.directionD.introduction19.A.forgotB.wroteC.caredD.discussed20.A.trustB.prideC.characterD.support阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读以下短文，依据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最正确选项。（共26分，每题2分）AExperiencingChinaMike,CanadaIspentthreemonthswithmyhostfamily（招待家庭）inChina.Itwasalifetimeexperience.IwasabletoexperienceChineselivingandculture,frombasicTaiChitoBeijingOpera.IevenvisitedafamoustraditionalChinesemedicinehospital.NowIhaveabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.Joanna,AustraliaIstayedwithmyhostfamilyforfivemonths.MyhostmotherisaChineseteacherandsheisreallywarm-hearted.Withherhelp,myChinesehasimprovedalot.AndIhavegotusedtoanewculture.MyfavoritepartoftheexperiencewassharingmyfeelingsinChinawithher.Bill,AmericaMyhostmotherisawonderfulcook!ShemakesmeallkindsoftraditionalChinesedishes.TheyaretastyandIlikethemverymuch.Justlikeme,myhostparentslovetolearnaboutdifferentcultures.TheyoftenaskmequestionsaboutlifeinAmerica.Cindy,GermanyRecentlyItookpartinaprogramtostudyChinese.IlivedwithahostfamilyinChinaforsixmonths.Myhostsisterisareallyhardworkingstudent.ItwasamazingtoseehowshemadeprogressinEnglish.Andacloserelationshiphasdevelopedbetweenus.21.WhovisitedatraditionalChinesemedicinehospitalA.Mike.B.Joanna.C.Bill.D.Cindy.22.HowlongdidJoannastaywithherhostfamilyinChinaA.Threemonths.B.Fourmonths.C.Fivemonths.D.Sixmonths.23.CindythinksherhostsisterisA.awonderfulcookB.aresponsibledoctorC.awarm-heartedteacherD.ahardworkingstudentA.Mike.B.Joanna.C.Bill.D.Cindy.22.HowlongdidJoannastaywithherhostfamilyinChinaA.Threemonths.B.Fourmonths.C.Fivemonths.D.Sixmonths.23.CindythinksherhostsisterisA.awonderfulcookB.aresponsibledoctorC.awarm-heartedteacherD.ahardworkingstudentBlueLightningdesign.Sallylovedcarsmorethananythingelse.Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace.Sosheaskedherdadforhelp.design.“Well，”hesaid.“Howaboutthis:youdosomeresearchfirst“Blue”hesaid.“Blue”hesaid.“HaveLightning”.Dadlookedoverherwork,thinking.“Well,that'sinterestingatry.JustbuildBlueLightningasyou'vedesigned.”Overthreeweekendsofhardwork,Sallyturnedherdesignintoareal,workinggo-kartandpainteditlightblue.Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.Sallyagreed.“NowIknowwhyyouwanted“Ithinkit'sbecauseof”Sallyasked.'“NowIknowwhyyouwanted“Ithinkit'sbecauseof”Sallyasked.'lleatforaday.Butmetohaveatestdrive.”“Oh,doyou”hesaid.“Pleaseshare.”“WhenIdrovefast,therewasalotofpushback，”shesaid.thelightningbolt（闪电）shape.”“Verygood!”Dadsaid.“So,whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutthatprobleminthefirstplaceDadlaughed.“Where'sthefuninthat讦yougiveamanafish,he讦youteachamantofish,he'lleatforalifetime.”Sallysaid,“Isee.Anyway,designingishalfthefun!”Dadsmiled.“Good.Sometimes,learninghappensduringtheprocess.Welearnhowtodosomethingrightbydoingitafewtimesfirstandmakingmistakesalongtheway.ThatencouragedSallyandsheworkedevenharder.WhensheshowedDadhernewgo-kart,henoddedwithpride.Finallycametherace.Sallywasn'tworriedaboutwhethershewouldwin-inhermind,shehadalreadywon,bybuildingsomethingbetterthaneverbefore.Sallythoughtofbuildingago-kartto.practicedrivingB.enterforaraceC.playwithfriendsD.dosomeresearchWhatdidSally'sdadaskhertodoaftershebuiltthego-kartTohaveatestdrive.B.Totakeagoodrest.C.Togiveitacoolname.D.Topaintitlightblue.Sally'sstorymainlytellsusthat.winningaraceisimportantB.fishingbringsusalotoffunC.drivingexperienceisnecessaryD.learninghappensduringtheprocessC.drivingexperienceisnecessaryD.learninghappensduringtheprocessSometimesitseemsthattimeisflying.Perhapsitdoesn'tneedtofeelthisway.Ourexperienceoftimecanbepossiblychanged.Byunderstandingthepsychological（心理学的）processesbehindourdifferentexperiencesoftime,wemightbeabletoslowdowntimealittle.Onebasiclawofpsychologicaltimeisthattimeseemstoslowdownwhenwe'reexposed（接触）tonewenvironmentsandexperiences.Thelawiscausedbytherelationshipbetweenourexperienceoftimeandtheamountofinformationourmindsprocess.Themoreinformationourmindstakein,theslowertimeseemstopass.Itfollows,then,thatwehavedifferentexperiencesoftimeindifferentsituations.Insomesituations,ourlifeisfullofnewexperiences.Ourmindsprocessalotofinformationandtimeseemstoslowdown.Inothersituations,wehavefewernewexperiencesandtheworldaroundusbecomesmoreandmorefamiliar（熟习的）.Webecomeinsensitivetoourexperience,whichmeansweprocesslessinformation,andtimeseemstospeedup.HowcanweslowdowntimeHerearetwosuggestions.Firstly,sinceweknowthatfamiliaritymakestimepassfaster,wecanexposeourselvestoasmanynewexperiencesaspossible.Wecangiveourselvesnewchallenges,meetnewpeople,andexposeourmindstonewinformation,hobbiesandskills.Thiswillincreasetheamountofinformationourmindsprocessandexpand（增添）ourexperienceoftime.Secondly,andperhapsmosteffectively,wecangiveourwholeattentiontoanexperience－towhatweareseeing,feeling,tasting,smellingorhearing.Thismeanslivingthroughoursensesratherthanthroughourthoughts.Forexample,onthewayhome,focusyourattentionoutsideofyourself,insteadofthinkingabouttheproblemsyouhavetodealwith.Lookatthesky,oratthebuildingsyoupass,travelingamongthem.Thisopenattitudetoyourexperienceshelpstakeinmoreinformationandalsohasatime－expandingeffect.Toacertaindegree,wecanunderstandandcontrolourexperienceoftimepassing.It'possibleforustoslowdowntimebyexpandingourexperienceoftime.Accordingtothewriter,wecanexpandourexperienceoftimeby．goingtobedontimeB.travelingtonewplacesmaterialsC.havingdinnerasusualD.printingthesameC.havingdinnerasusualD.printingthesameWhatcanwelearnfromthepassageA.Beingfamiliarwiththeworldaroundhelpsusgetmoreinformation.Understandingpsychologicaltimemakeslifepassmorequickly.Wecantakeinmoreinformationbylivingthroughoursenses.

Weshouldbuildastrongerrelationshipbetweentimeandus.A.SlowDownTimeC.RaceAgainstTimeWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassageA.SlowDownTimeC.RaceAgainstTimeOnlyTimeWillTellD.TimeWillNotComeTwiceDHowMuchCanWeAffordtoForgetfactsandtocarryIn2018,Sciencemagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldfactsandtocarryteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimememorizinghavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscanaccess（获取）knowledgeeasily.WhyshouldtheyberequiredsomuchofitaroundintheirheadsCivilizations（文明）developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgricultural（农业的）Age,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachinesgiveusaccesstomosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.DoesitmatterResearchershaverecognizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases（成见）,andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestimgandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.Anotherproblemrelatestotheeaseofaccessinginformation.Whentherewerenocomputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatgivesknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence,wehaveeasyaccesstosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell一being（健康）dependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry,withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey'renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,wegraduallybutunquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.WhyaresmartmachineslikelytoincreaseourbiasesBecausetheygooffcourseintestingandscoring.Becausewecontrolthetrainingprocessonthem.Becauseweofferthemtoomuchinformation.Becausetheyoverusetheprovidedanswers.TheeaseofaccessinginformationfromtheInternetfreesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskillspreventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeedmisleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledgeseparatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachinesTheword“collapse”inParagraph5probablymeans“C.adisappointingstart33.WhatisthewriterA.asuddenfailureC.adisappointingstart33.WhatisthewriterD.thegradualdevelopmentsmainpurposeinwritingthispassageToquestionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage.Todiscussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachines.Tostresstheimportanceofimprovingourmemorizingability.Toremindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember.四、阅读短文，依据短文回答以下问题（共10分，每题2分）HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpectedIcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean（北冰洋）.Somepiecesoficearehuge,likemovingislands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehasbeguntodisappear.Scientistshavediscoveredhugewaves（海浪）inthearcticwaters.ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.OnMay2,theshiptraveledeastandstoppednexttoalargechunkoficearound50milesfromthesmallislandofHopen.Marchenkopreparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheice.“WewerereadytogobutwhenIwentout,Idiscoveredmanycracks（裂缝）around，”heremembers.Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.Astheypushedforward,however,theshipexperiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintosmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhisteamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.Theshipinheight.navigation（航行）systemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesoficetojumpupanddown,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadneverimaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.Thespeedandforceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhentheyarecoming.Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavesordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsandwalrusesthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesintheseicywaters.Aswavesbreakupice,theseaswillbecomemoreopen,andthewaveswillgetevenstronger.Therearestormytimesahead.WhendidMarchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoverhugewavesinthearcticwatersWhydidMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonthetripWhatdidMarchenkodecidetodotokeepsafeHowhighwerethelargestwavesrecordedbythenavigationsystemWhatisParagraph7mainlyabout书面表达（共10分）五、文段表达（10分）从下边两个题目中任选一题，依据中文和英文提示，达成一篇许多于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供采用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①若是你是李华，你们学校订在展开“安全月”宣传活动，提议大家制作对于安全教育的主题海报，你们班互换生Peter给你发邮件咨询有关事情。请用英语答复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你设计海报的一些想法。提示词语：design,safetyrule,careful,protect,picture提示问题：•Whenshouldyouhandintheposter•WhatwouldyouliketosharewithPeteraboutdesigningtheposterDearPeter,I'gladtoreceiveyouremail.Ifthereisanythingmorethaticanhelpwith,pleaseletmeknow.Yours,LiHua题目②自律，即自我拘束，是自我提高的一种门路，有助于我们成长，促进我们不停前行。某英文网站正在展开以“自律”为主题的征文活动。若是你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，说说为了加强自律意识，你做过什么，以及这样做给你带来的利处。提示词语：self-disciplined（自律的）,plan,goal,habit,improve提示问题：•Whatdidyoudotobeself-disciplined•WhatbenefitshaveyougotfromdoingsoSelfdisciplineplaysanimportantroleinyourlife.2019年北京市初中学业水平考试英语参照答案1-5BCADC16-20DDBAC1-5BCADC16-20DDBAC34.InMay,2010.6-10BADDA21-25ACDBA11-15CBBCA26-30DBCAB31-33CADimportance,Inaddition,esandIsparedimportance,Inaddition,esandIsparedBecausetheywantedtostudythei