河北省沙河市二十冶综合学校高中分校高中英语选修六Unit5grammar

Unit5ThePowerofNature：GrammarUnit5Teachingperiod4TopicThePowerofNaturestylegrammarAimsThevingform动词的ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”（gerund）和“现在分词”（presentparticiple）两个部分。动词的ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。动词ing形式的特征和种类与动词不定式一样，动词的ing形式也具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语、宾语等。动词ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。动词的ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。动词的ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是ing形式表示的动作的承受者。时态/语态主动被动一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendoneSwimmingisherfavoritesport.游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。2.Havinglivedinthiscityforthreeyears,sheknowsitverywell.在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。3.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在讨论的问题很重要。4.Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseetheschoollibrary.在被带去看了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观校图书馆。二、动词的ing形式的用法1)．动词的ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。Seeingisbelieving.百闻不如一见。（眼见为实）Collectingstampsisinteresting.集邮很有趣。2).为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.作无益的后悔是没有用的。It'sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.争论这事是浪费时间。2.动词的ing形式作表语1).Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。2).Theproblemisquitepuzzling.这个问题很令人困惑。3.动词的ing形式作宾语1).作动词的宾语Hecouldn'thelplaughing.他情不自禁地笑了起来。Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.我建议用另一种方法做这件事。2).．作介词宾语Idreamofbeingthebestfootballerintheschool.我梦想成为全校最好的足球队员。Wewillkeepontrying.我们将继续努力。▲只接动词的ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免consider考虑delay耽搁dislike嫌恶enjoy喜欢escape避免excuse原谅fancy想不到feellike意欲finish完成forgive原谅giveup放弃cannothelp情不自禁imagine设想include包括keep保持mention提及mind介意miss逃过putoff推迟practice练习risk冒险4.动词的ing形式作宾语补足语动词的ing形式可以在see,hear,notice,watch,feel,smell,lookat,listento,observe,find等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。1).Weheardthechildrenshoutingupstairs.我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。2).InoticedamanrunningoutofthebankwhenIgotoffthecar.我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。3).Ifeltmyheartbeatingviolently.我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。▲动词的ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。Hesawagirlgettingonthecar.他看见一个女孩在上汽车。Hesawagirlgetonthecar.他看见一个女孩上车了。Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor你听见有人在敲门吗？Doyouhearsomeoneknockatthedoor你听见有人敲门了吗？5.动词的ing形式作定语1).单个的动词的ing形式可以作前置定语aswimmingpool游泳池awaitingroom候车室boilingwater 正在沸腾的水asleepingbaby熟睡的婴儿2).作定语的ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。Thebookbeingdiscussedalotwillbepublishednextmonth.人们谈论很多的那本书下一个月将出版。6.动词的ing形式作状语动词的ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。1).Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。2).Notknowinghisaddress,Ican'tsendthisbooktohim.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。3).Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。4).Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。5).Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。（=Althoughtheyknewallthis...）6).Shecameintothehouse,carryingalotofbooks.她捧着许多书走进了房间。三．活学活用Fillintheblankswiththeverbgiveninitsproperform.1.Sixtymillionpeople__________(live)inruralareasaremovingtothecitieseveryyear.2.Thebottle____________(contain)thepoisonwassenttothelaboratory.3.Theman__________(sit)ontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.4.Whoisthatgirl____________(walk)alongtheriver?5.Thechildren____________(practise)playingtheviolinovertherewillgiveaperformancenextweek.6.Themanwithsunglasses_____________(stand)nearacarisadetective.7.Theoldlady____________(talk)tothechildrenisafamousmusician.8.Theperson_____________(translate)thesongscanspeaksevenlanguages.9.Isawthem____________(force)thedooropenwithahammer.10.Weheardthem___________(quarrel)aboutmoneyaftertheconcert;theylookedveryangry.11.Iheardhim____________(drop)lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin.12.Youcanseethem______________(perform)everynightthisweekattheNewTheatre.13.Icouldhearthem______________(whisper)toeachotherduringthefirstpartoftheplay.14.Wewatchedthearmy___________(march)downthestreettowardsthepark.15.Isawthepeople____________(enter)thetheatre,andtherewere286ofthem.16.Wewatchedthreeoldmen____________(share)theirfoodwitheachother.17.Wewatchedthechildren___________(dive)intothewaterfromthetopdivingboard.18.Inoticedyou____________theperformers`withtheticketsales.Thatwaskindofyou.单项选择1.Johndidn’twanttorisk______wetashehadonlyonesuit.a.gettingb.togetc.beinggotd.tobegotten2.I’mdisappointedwiththenewofficers,butthereisnopoint_______aboutit.a.toworryb.inworryingc.withusworryingd.ifweworry3.Iremember______tothezoobymyfatherwhenIwaslittle.a.beingtakenb.takingc.havebeentakend.tohavetaken4.Iknowitisn’timportantbutIcan’thelp______aboutit.a.buttothinkb.thinkingc.thinkd.tothink5.Thoserelativesofhisare______.Idon’twanttohaveanydealingswiththem.a.boringpeopleb.boredpeoplec.peoplehavingboredd.peoplehavingboring6.Hewasjustabouttojumpupwhenhefeltsomething______nearhisfeet.a.tomoveb.movec.movingd.moved7.Hefeltbadfor______achancetostudyabroad.a.havingnotgivenb.nothavinggivenc.havingnotbeengivend.nothavingbeengiven8.Whileshewasshopping,shekept______thelisttomakesureshehadn’tforgottenanything.a.checkedb.checkingc.tocheckd.check9.Withoutthesun’slight______theearth’ssurface,itwouldbesocoldthatlifecouldnotexistontheearth.a.warmsb.warmedc.warmingd.towarm10.Allofusarelookingforwardto______atriptotheMingTombs.a.makeb.makingc.tomakingd.havemade11.Thestudentswillhavemorediscussionslikethisintheweeks______.a.ingb.toec.ed.tobeing12.Hefeltlonelyatfirst,butafteratimehegot______alone.a.usedtolivingb.usedtolivec.usingtolived.tobeused13.Whenheawoke,hefoundhimself______inthehospitaland______byanoldwoman.a.lying…beinglookedafterb.lying…belookingafterc.lie…belookedafterd.lie…beinglookedafter14.______thatbadweatherwasontheway,theclimbersdecidedtoputofftheirattemptonEigeruntilthefollowingweek.a.Havingtoldb.Beingtoldc.Tellingd.Havingbeentold15.There’sonethingIdislikeabouthim:hewillneveradmit______amistake.a.havingmadeb.makingc.beingmaded.havebeenmade16.Stanspenthalfayear______materialforhisnewbook.a.tocollectb.collectc.collectingd.collected17.Atlasttheysucceeded______thejob.a.topersuadehimtotakeb.inpersuadinghimtotakec.topersuadehimtakingd.inpersuadinghimtaking18.Theelectricshaver______beforeitcanbeused.a.needsrepairingb.requirestorepairb.shouldbeinrepaird.hastoberepairable19.Withtheguide______