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IELTSREADINGLESSON1CRYSTAL资料准备剑桥4-12托福词以类记Fortoday雅思阅读介绍课程安排长难句练习逻辑阅读练习小标题配对题作业/如何复习雅思阅读介绍
考试时间:1h阅读篇数:3(大于1100words,每篇文章约20min)考试题数:13/13/14(每题约1.5min)错一个-全对:9分错2-3个:8.5分错4-5个:8分错6-7个:7.5分错8-10个:7分错11-13个:6.5分错14-17个:6分分值&时间雅思阅读介绍
题型判断题填空题:表格填空/流程图/填示意图/摘要填词摘要选词/句子填空(原文原词)配对:AB关系配对/小标题配对/段落细节配对/句子配对选择题简答题(原文原词)雅思阅读介绍考频分布(2017年数据)雅思阅读介绍TopicsEconomics经济Education教育Astronomy天文学Environment环境Oceanography海洋生态Geology地理Plant
&Animals植物/动物Linguistics语言Architecture建筑学Times时间Guardian监护人NationalGeographic国家地理NewScientist新生科学家
课程安排雅思阅读介绍+课程安排+长难句+逻辑阅读+小标题配对长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+填空题(表格,流程图,示意图)长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+AB关系配对长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+段落细节配对长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+句子配对长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+摘要填词长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+摘要选词长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+句子填空长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+判断题长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+选择题(单选多选)长难句训练+逻辑阅读引导+简答题长难句读法1.如何处理文章中不认识的单词(1)名词
由于名词只是一种具体事物的代替符号,所以理解不理解其具体含义对句子整体意思影响不大.对理解不影响的名词可以忽略Eg.Thefirstflyingvertebrates,thepterosaurs,haveintriguedpaleontologistsformorethantwocenturies.↓Thefirstflyingvertebrates,thepterosaurs,haveintriguedpaleontologistsformorethantwocenturies.↓Thefirstflyingv,thep,haveintriguedpstsformorethantwocenturies.
↓
这个会飞的V激起了叫P这帮人的兴趣有多于两个世纪了→V激起了P的兴趣长难句读法1.如何处理文章中不认识的单词(2)动词
遇到句子中不认识或者不好翻译的动词可以直接用一个笼统意思的虚词。比如永远可以把动词翻译成“做”“干了什么”等含义,大概保持句子思路就可以。也可通过逻辑意思推断Eg.Ifafirmattemptstochargeahigherprice,consumerswillturntootherfirms.
↓Eg.Ifafirmattemptstochargeahigherprice,consumerswillturntootherfirms.
↓如果公司尝试去处理一个更高的价格,消费者会换一个公司长难句读法1.如何处理文章中不认识的单词(3)形容词
形容词一般在句子中只表达作者的态度或者感情色彩,所以读句子时知道其褒贬意即可,可通过逻辑意思推断。Eg.Ontheotherhand,thetheoryisimplausiblebecauseconvectiondoesnotnormallyoccuralonglines.
↓Eg.Ontheotherhand,thetheoryisimplausiblebecauseconvectiondoesnotnormallyoccuralonglines.(im的开头和because后面的意思猜出implausible表示不太好的意味)
↓
这个理论不太好,因为C不是沿着水平线出现的
长难句读法1.如何处理文章中不认识的单词(4)副词
除了名词,动词,形容词对句子整体意思有影响之外,其他词汇由于对句子整体意思影响不大,所以可以不考虑。长难句读法1.如何处理文章中不认识的单词
把以上对于生词的处理融入阅读方法之中,对不认识的单词不要过分关注,就算句子出现生词,基本上也不会对句子整体意思造成影响。Haveatry:把句子整体意思翻译出Themolecularshouldalsobemuchfasterthantheimmunologicalmethodbecauseitcanusetediouspurificationstoisolatepeptidehormonesandthendevelopantiserumstothem.
↓
Themolecularshouldalsobemuchfasterthantheimmunologicalmethodbecauseitcanusetediouspurificationstoisolatepeptidehormonesandthendevelopantiserumstothem.长难句读法2.在句子中创造断点(1)为什么要创造断点
除了单词,有些学生反映在阅读时遇到的另一大障碍就是遇到较长的英文句子,一遍无法理解全部的意思。既然我们很难接受一句话中太多的内容,为什么不把句子分成几个独立的部分分别理解呢?长难句读法2.在句子中创造断点(1)为什么要创造断点Haveatry:Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure.1.你还记得那些年吗2.科学家认为吸烟会杀害我们3.但是怀疑着认为我们并不肯定这样一来,把长句子分开几个短句子理解就容易很多,那你认为如何判断句子断点呢?∕∕长难句读法2.在句子中创造断点(2)如何判断断点
想象我们读中文是怎么读的呢?
只要感觉到一句话或一个意思说完整了说清楚了,就断了。其实就是语义的完整性-什么东西怎么样了或做了什么。这种方式当然也适用于读英文句子。只要当你读英文句子时觉得一个意思已经说得完整了,就可以断了。
长难句读法2.在句子中创造断点(2)如何判断断点
看回刚刚的句子:
Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure.
为什么要在years那里断了?为什么不在remember那里断?
∕∕长难句读法2.在句子中创造断点(2)如何判断断点Haveatry:Whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,isanunansweredquestion.是否一种公平独立地进化在C或人类中是否这种公平来自于共同的祖先(可加词补充完整一个句子)这个祖先是35百万年前存在的以上的两个问题是还未回答的(可加词补充完整一个句子)
∕∕∕长难句读法3.接受英文的语序习惯
按照语义的完整性来断句,即“什么东西或人”做了什么或怎么样,但是,在读英文句子时,如果“什么东西或人”后面没有出现相应的“做了什么或怎么样”时,我们要意识到这个句子还未结束,必须要在后面出现了怎么样才断点。
长难句读法3.接受英文的语序习惯Haveatry:Whatishardertoestablishiswhethertheproductivityrevolutionthatbusinessmenassumetheyarepresidingoverisforreal有一样很难确定的事意思,单词
∕长难句读法3.接受英文的语序习惯Haveatry:Whatishardertoestablishiswhethertheproductivityrevolution〖thatbusinessmenassumetheyarepresidingover〗isforreal有一样很难确定的事2.是否这个生产力革命……是真的(找到一个东西做了什么为止)3.商人们认为他们领导了这次革命语序的运用可以有效地提醒我们句子的整体性,特别当主语和其讲述的内容在一句话中间隔很远时
∕长难句读法总结每当拿到一句话时需要按以下思路训练1.按照语序读句子2.当读完一个完整的语义就断点,若一个完整的句子被分隔开,就把完整的句子先找出来。3.读的过程中可加词理解4.不懂的单词不要纠结。Allinall,在阅读时,读出一句话的主句就可以了,以上的方法可以很好地运用于读长难句的主句。就是简单的什东西或人做了什么长难句读法练习
读出主句即可Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.
(考察不懂的单词的处理,读出主句什么东西做了什么就可以了)2.Aviolenteruptioncanblowthetopfewkilometresoffamountain,scatterfineashpracticallyallovertheglobeandhurlrockfragmentsintothestratospheretodarkentheskiesacontinentaway.(考察不懂单词的处理,这里是一个东西做了很多事,这些事是并列的,读懂其中一个就可猜到其它也是类似的)
长难句读法练习
读出主句即可3.Buttheclassiceruption-cone–shapedmountain,bigbang,mushroomcloudandsurgesofmoltenlava–isonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.(考察按语序读句子,然后断句)
Buttheclassiceruptionisonlyatinypartofaglobalstory4.Vulcanism,thenamegiventovolcanicprocess,reallyhasshapedtheworld.
(考察按语序读句子,然后断句,不会单词的处理)Vulcanismreallyhasshapedtheworld。不需要知道V的意思,只理解V塑造了世界即可5.Morethan90%ofthisgasiswatervapourfromthedeepearth:enoughtoexplain,over3,500millionyears,thewaterintheoceans.(考察按语序读句子,然后断句)Morethan90%ofthisgasiswatervapour长难句读法练习
读出主句即可6.Therestofthegasisnitrogen,carbondioxide,sulphurdioxide,methane,ammoniaandhydrogen.(考察不认识单词的处理)剩下的气体是一堆XX气体,理解到这一层即可7.Thequantityofthesegases,againmultipliedover3,500millionyears,isenoughtoexplainthemassoftheworld’satmosphere.(考察语序,断句,不认识单词的处理)这些气体足够构成大气层。(翻译成“构成”是因为气体和大气层的语境就是相互构成)逻辑阅读导入你的经理,在开会前,请你看公司年度报告总结(全英)。这个报告有满版6页这么长,而会议在五分钟后开始。时间非常紧张,你会怎么做呢?1.快速阅读全文,你其实不明白也记不住你看过的东西,知识机械性地“看过了”2.开始认真地看,即使你不可能在会议前全部看完3.辞职4.认真看第一段,了解这个报告可能叙述的事情,然后认真看重点或者观点,细节的地方快速浏览。我会这样做:有选择性地看,记住观点,细节快速浏览,不用记,但要知道它为什么存在。如果会议问到关于某个观点的细节信息,你会大概知道在哪里去找。逻辑阅读导入我会这样做:有选择性地看,记住观点,细节快速浏览,不用记,但要知道它为什么存在。然后形成自己对文章的脉络。如果会议问到关于某个观点的细节信息,你会大概知道在哪里去找。逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2,第一段Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Aviolenteruptioncanblowthetopfewkilometresoffamountain,scatterfineashpracticallyallovertheglobeandhurlrockfragmentsintothestratospheretodarkentheskiesacontinentaway.Buttheclassiceruption-cone–shapedmountain,bigbang,mushroomcloudandsurgesofmoltenlava–isonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.Vulcanism,thenamegiventovolcanicprocess,reallyhasshapedtheworld.Eruptionshaveriftedcontinents,raisedmountainchains,constructedislandsandshapedthetopographyoftheearth.Theentireoceanfloorhasabasementofvolcanicbasalt.我们一句一句来分析逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Aviolenteruptioncanblowthetopfewkilometresoffamountain,scatterfineashpracticallyallovertheglobeandhurlrockfragmentsintothestratospheretodarkentheskiesacontinentaway.↓Volcanoescanblow..(afterallisaboutwhathappenswitheruption)(解释观点句,知道作用为支持细节,具体不用细看)逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Buttheclassiceruption-cone–shapedmountain,bigbang,mushroomcloudandsurgesofmoltenlava–isonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.↓Buttheclassiceruptionisonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.(有转折词but,和前面说的不一样)
逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Buttheclassiceruptionisonlyatinypartofaglobalstory..Vulcanism,thenamegiventovolcanicprocess,reallyhasshapedtheworld.↓Vreallyhasshapedtheworld.(感觉回答but的问题和前面说的不一样)
逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Buttheclassiceruptionisonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.Eruptionshaveriftedcontinents,raisedmountainchains,constructedislandsandshapedthetopographyoftheearth.
↓火山爆发时会发生的一系列动作(是支持V怎么样reallyshapetheworldthe细节,知道作用,不用记)
逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Buttheclassiceruptionisonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.Vreallyhasshapedtheworld.Theentireoceanfloorhasabasementofvolcanicbasalt.
海底的一个特征,火山喷发后的细节,和前面一样支持V怎么shapetheworld.知道作用就好,不用记逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Buttheclassiceruptionisonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.Vreallyhasshapedtheworld.整段我们就记住这几个句子逻辑阅读导入看看我们记了什么Volcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第一段Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Aviolenteruptioncanblowthetopfewkilometresoffamountain,scatterfineashpracticallyallovertheglobeandhurlrockfragmentsintothestratospheretodarkentheskiesacontinentaway.Buttheclassiceruption-cone–shapedmountain,bigbang,mushroomcloudandsurgesofmoltenlava–isonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.Vulcanism,thenamegiventovolcanicprocess,reallyhasshapedtheworld.Eruptionshaveriftedcontinents,raisedmountainchains,constructedislandsandshapedthetopographyoftheearth.Theentireoceanfloorhasabasementofvolcanicbasalt.逻辑阅读导入Volcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第一段的Simplystory:Eruptionisamachineryofshapingtheworld.Thenthepassagetalksaboutsomedetailstoexplainthis.Buttheclassiceruptiononlyaccountforasmallpart.Because“V”istheonewhichreallyshapestheearth.Thensomeexamplearisetosupportthispoint.逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第二段Volcanoeshavenotonlymadethecontinents,theyarealsothoughttohavemadetheworld’sfirststableatmosphereandprovidedallthewaterfortheoceans,rivers,andice-caps.Therearenowabout600activevolcanoes.Everyyeartheyaddtwoorthreecubickilometresofrocktothecontinents.Imagineasimilarnumberofvolcanoessmokingawayforthelast3,500millionyears.Thatisenoughrocktoexplainthecontinentalcrust.我们一句一句来分析逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第二段Volcanoeshavenotonlymadethecontinents,theyarealsothoughttohavemadetheworld’sfirststableatmosphereandprovidedallthewaterfortheoceans,rivers,andice-caps.↓Volcanoesmadecontinents,madeatmosphere,providewater.与前面讲的东西不一样,记吧逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第二段Volcanoesmadecontinents,madeatmosphere,providewater.Therearenowabout600activevolcanoes.Everyyeartheyaddtwoorthreecubickilometresofrocktothecontinents.↓Thereareactivevolcanoes.Everyyeartheyrocktothecontinents.(在解释上一句怎么madecontinent,知道作用就好,不用记)逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第二段Volcanoesmadecontinents,madeatmosphere,providewater.Imagineasimilarnumberofvolcanoessmokingawayforthelast3,500millionyears.Thatisenoughrocktoexplainthecontinentalcrust.(在解释上一句怎么madecontinent,知道作用就好,不用记)逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第二段Volcanoesmadecontinents,madeatmosphere,providewater.整段我们就记住这一个句子逻辑阅读导入看看我们记了什么Volcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第二段Volcanoeshavenotonlymadethecontinents,theyarealsothoughttohavemadetheworld’sfirststableatmosphereandprovidedallthewaterfortheoceans,rivers,andice-caps.Therearenowabout600activevolcanoes.Everyyeartheyaddtwoorthreecubickilometresofrocktothecontinents.Imagineasimilarnumberofvolcanoessmokingawayforthelast3,500millionyears.Thatisenoughrocktoexplainthecontinentalcrust.逻辑阅读导入Volcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第二段第二段的simplestory:Itisthoughttobeinfluencethecontinent,theatmosphereandthewater.Thenthepassageisgoingtosaysomethingabouttherelationbetweentheeruptionandthem逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Whatcomesoutofvolcaniccratersismostlygas.Morethan90%ofthisgasiswatervapourfromthedeepearth:enoughtoexplain,over3,500millionyears,thewaterintheoceans.Therestofthegasisnitrogen,carbondioxide,sulphurdioxide,methane,ammoniaandhydrogen.Thequantityofthesegases,againmultipliedover3,500millionyears,isenoughtoexplainthemassoftheworld’satmosphere.Wearealivebecausevolcanoesprovidedthesoil,airandwaterweneed.我们一句一句来分析逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Whatcomesoutofvolcaniccratersismostlygas.
再讲喷发和water的关系,作用是重复了上述观点,不记。逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Morethan90%ofthisgasiswatervapourfromthedeepearth:enoughtoexplain,over3,500millionyears,thewaterintheoceans.↓Morethan90%ofthisgasiswatervapour(和上面的作用一样,不记)逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Therestofthegasisnitrogen,carbondioxide,sulphurdioxide,methane,ammoniaandhydrogen.↓
讲述了一堆火山喷出的气体(还是在重复描述上一段,火山喷发和大气的关系,知道作用就好,不用记)逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Thequantityofthesegases,againmultipliedover3,500millionyears,isenoughtoexplainthemassoftheworld’satmosphere.↓Thequantityofthesegasesisenoughtoexplaintheworld’satmosphere还是在重复描述上一段,火山喷发和大气的关系,知道作用就好,不用记)逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Wearealivebecausevolcanoesprovidedthesoil,airandwaterweneed.(人类与这些东西的关系,前面没讲过,记下)
逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Wearealivebecausevolcanoesprovidedthesoil,airandwaterweneed.
整段我们就只记住这一句逻辑阅读导入试着分辨下面例子的观点,细节,形成自己的simplestoryVolcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Wearealivebecausevolcanoesprovidedthesoil,airandwaterweneed.
整段我们就只记住这一句逻辑阅读导入看看我们记了什么Volcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Whatcomesoutofvolcaniccratersismostlygas.Morethan90%ofthisgasiswatervapourfromthedeepearth:enoughtoexplain,over3,500millionyears,thewaterintheoceans.Therestofthegasisnitrogen,carbondioxide,sulphurdioxide,methane,ammoniaandhydrogen.Thequantityofthesegases,againmultipliedover3,500millionyears,isenoughtoexplainthemassoftheworld’satmosphere.Wearealivebecausevolcanoesprovidedthesoil,airandwaterweneed.逻辑阅读导入Volcanoes剑桥四test3Passage2第三段Simplestory:Itillustratetherelationshipbetweeneruptionandwater,atmosphere,then
cometotheconclusionthatwearealivebecausevolcanoesprovidedthesoil,airandwaterweneed.逻辑阅读导入看下整三段我们记了什么VolcanoesVolcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachinery.Aviolenteruptioncanblowthetopfewkilometresoffamountain,scatterfineashpracticallyallovertheglobeandhurlrockfragmentsintothestratospheretodarkentheskiesacontinentaway.Buttheclassiceruption-cone–shapedmountain,bigbang,mushroomcloudandsurgesofmoltenlava–isonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.Vulcanism,thenamegiventovolcanicprocess,reallyhasshapedtheworld.Eruptionshaveriftedcontinents,raisedmountainchains,constructedislandsandshapedthetopographyoftheearth.Theentireoceanfloorhasabasementofvolcanicbasalt.Volcanoeshavenotonlymadethecontinents,theyarealsothoughttohavemadetheworld’sfirststableatmosphereandprovidedallthewaterfortheoceans,rivers,andice-caps.Therearenowabout600activevolcanoes.Everyyeartheyaddtwoorthreecubickilometresofrocktothecontinents.Imagineasimilarnumberofvolcanoessmokingawayforthelast3,500millionyears.Thatisenoughrocktoexplainthecontinentalcrust.Whatcomesoutofvolcaniccratersismostlygas.Morethan90%ofthisgasiswatervapourfromthedeepearth:enoughtoexplain,over3,500millionyears,thewaterintheoceans.Therestofthegasisnitrogen,carbondioxide,sulphurdioxide,methane,ammoniaandhydrogen.Thequantityofthesegases,againmultipliedover3,500millionyears,isenoughtoexplainthemassoftheworld’satmosphere.Wearealivebecausevolcanoesprovidedthesoil,airandwaterweneed.逻辑阅读导入VolcanoesHere’sreader’ssimply
story:Eruptionisamachineryofshapingtheworld.Thenthepassagetalksaboutsomedetailstoexplainthis.
Buttheclassiceruptiononlyaccountforasmallpart.Because“V”istheonewhichreallyshapestheearth.Thensomeexamplearisetosupportthispoint.Itisthoughttobeinfluencethecontinent,theatmosphereandthewater.Thenthepassageisgoingtosaysomethingabouttherelationbetweentheeruptionandthem整三段的simplestory以上就是整三段你可以在短时间内读出来的脉络逻辑阅读
FourstepstofindthesimplestoryStep1:ReadthefirstsentenceortwocarefullyStep2:Findthemainideaofeachparagraph
(whywasitincludedinthepassage?)Step3:Setasidethedetails(Whenyougetexamplesorotherveryspecificdetails,focusonwhytheinformationispresent.Paylessattentiontoallofthenitpickylittledetails.)Step4:Articulatethesimplestory.(Whenyou’redone,pauseforamomenttoarticulatethesimplestoryyourself.Ifyouhadtogivesomeonea10-secondsummaryofthepassage,whatwouldyousay)逻辑阅读
Passagecomponents
tips:Youdonotneedtomemorizethedifferentcomponents,nordoyouneedtoexplicitlylabeleverysentencethatyouread.Ifyouknowwhattolookfor,though,thenyouwillbebetterequippedtofindthesimplestory1.ThePointItisthesinglemostimportantmessageofthepassage.Theauthorhaswrittenthepassageinordertoconveythepoints,evenifnothingelsegetsthroughtothereader.TakealookbackattheVolcanopassage.Wheredoestheauthorexpressthepoint?p71逻辑阅读
Passagecomponents
tips:Youdonotneedtomemorizethedifferentcomponents,nordoyouneedtoexplicitlylabeleverysentencethatyouread.Ifyouknowwhattolookfor,though,thenyouwillbebetterequippedtofindthesimplestory1.ThePointItisthesinglemostimportantmessageofthepassage.Theauthorhaswrittenthepassageinordertoconveythepoints,evenifnothingelsegetsthroughtothereader.TakealookbackattheVolcanopassage.Wheredoestheauthorexpressthepoint?Thepointsareunderlined.Volcanoesaretheultimateearth-movingmachineryButtheclassiceruptionisonlyatinypartofaglobalstory.Vulcanismreallyhasshapedtheworld.Volcanoeshavenotonlymadethecontinents,atmosphereandprovidedallthewater以上是构成simplestory最重要的部分逻辑阅读
Passagecomponents
tips:Youdonotneedtomemorizethedifferentcomponents,nordoyouneedtoexplicitlylabeleverysentencethatyouread.Ifyouknowwhattolookfor,though,thenyouwillbebetterequippedtofindthesimplestory2.SupportandBackgroundSomeamountoftheinformationinanypassagewillservetosupporttheauthor’spoint.Youmayalsothinkofsomeinformationasbackground:Itdoesn’tstronglysupportthepoint,butitsetsthecontextforinformationpresentedinthepassage.Tips:不需要详细区分背景信息和支持信息,你可以把它们当做一类。你需要明白和知道这些背景和支持信息,但是不要详细地去理解记忆这些内容,你只要知道他们出现的作用就OK了逻辑阅读
Passagecomponents
tips:Youdonotneedtomemorizethedifferentcomponents,nordoyouneedtoexplicitlylabeleverysentencethatyouread.Ifyouknowwhattolookfor,though,thenyouwillbebetterequippedtofindthesimplestory2.SupportandBackgroundSomeamountoftheinformationinanypassagewillservetosupporttheauthor’spoint.Youmayalsothinkofsomeinformationasbackground:Itdoesn’tstronglysupportthepoint,butitsetsthecontextforinformationpresentedinthepassage.Lookingbackthepassage,wheredoyouseeinformationthatsupportstheauthor’spoint?p71逻辑阅读
Passagecomponents
tips:Youdonotneedtomemorizethedifferentcomponents,nordoyouneedtoexplicitlylabeleverysentencethatyouread.Ifyouknowwhattolookfor,though,thenyouwillbebetterequippedtofindthesimplestory2.SupportandBackgroundSomeamountoftheinformationinanypassagewillservetosupporttheauthor’spoint.Youmayalsothinkofsomeinformationasbackground:Itdoesn’tstronglysupportthepoint,butitsetsthecontextforinformationpresentedinthepassage.Lookingbackthepassage,wheredoyouseeinformationthatsupportstheauthor’spoint?我们看到文章包含了很多细节,但是,知道这些细节是支持它们所对应的观点的就足够了,如果做题时涉及某部分的细节,那做到的话,根据前面读到的观点脉络去定位,才回去找。
逻辑阅读
LanguageClues有时,某些提示词会暗示你重要的信息,这些信息能帮助你建立文章的Simplestory.1.Languagethatsignalamainidea.SignalImplication•讲一个新的东西.(如前文的water和atmosphere)•Xarguesthat;theory;hypothesis•Ingeneral,toagreatextent;Insum•Therefore;Thus;So;Hence;Asaresult;overallmainidea逻辑阅读
LanguageClues有时,某些提示词会暗示你重要的信息,这些信息能帮助你建立文章的Simplestory.2.Languagethatsignaladetail.SignalImplication•Forexample;Inparticular;Forinstance(provideanexample)•Furthermore;Moreover;Inaddition;Aswellas;also;likewise;too(Addtosththatwasalreadysaid)•Likewise;inthesameway(provideanewexampleordetailthatgoesalongwithapreviousone)•Inotherwords;Thatis;namely;sotospeak(restatesththatwasalreadysaid)details逻辑阅读
LanguageClues有时,某些提示词会暗示你重要的信息,这些信息能帮助你建立文章的Simplestory.3.Foreshadowing.作者可以留下提示,关于文章接下来要讲的东西如果你看到以下句子,这篇文章接下来会怎么走呢?Givenrecentcompanystumbles,itisimportanttoask:Isthepotentialreturnoninvestmentworththerisk?当作者在文章开头提问,他很大可能接下来是要写怎么解决这个问题.她可能会给出关于投资的观点等等,但是一些解决问题的讨论一定会出现。再来看一句,看文章接下来怎么走?Forsometime,governmentofficialsdisagreedastowheretostorehigh-levelradioactivewaste.作者可能会接下来讨论不同的政府部门持有的观点,或者解释什么会导致disagreement.但是,文末一定会写,这些政府部门已经达成一致。因为forsometime和Disagree的过去时放在一起暗示着这个问题是在过去发生的,现在已经不存在了。逻辑阅读
LanguageClues有时,某些提示词会暗示你重要的信息,这些信息能帮助你建立文章的Simplestory.3.Foreshadowing.SignalImplicationTraditionally;forsometime;Itwasoncebelieved;IthadbeenassumedSome(people)claim(believe,define,etc)Contrastcomingupsoon;now,thingsaredifferentAcknowledgeavalidopposingpointStatementofaproblemoraquestionPossiblefixforproblemoranswertoquestion(orstatementthatitcan’tbefixedoranswered)Currenttheory;conventionalwisdomNewordifferenttheoryorideacomingupsoon.逻辑阅读
LanguageClues有时,某些提示词会暗示你重要的信息,这些信息能帮助你建立文章的Simplestory.3.Foreshadowing.上面的表是让你开始去意识到implication,但是这种implication的词很多,不要只纠结于以上这个表。当你看每段第一句时,就尽量找到foreshadowinglanguage去帮你猜测文章接下来会怎么走。逻辑阅读
LanguageClues有时,某些提示词会暗示你重要的信息,这些信息能帮助你建立文章的Simplestory.4.Chagnesofdirection表达转折SignalImplicationHowever;yet;while;rather;instead;incontrast;Alternatively表示相反的观点Granted;Itistruethat;certainly;Admittedly;despite;although一个作者不想承认,又不得不承认的观点Actually;Infact;Indeed;Surprisingly一种意外的结果或者现象Nevertheless;nonetheless;thatsaid;evenso虽然承认了一个不想承认的观点,后面又掰回自己支持的观点上去Supposedly;Itwasoncethought;seeminglySomethingappearedtobeacertainway,butitreallywasn’tthatwayatall.小标题配对题特征:就是选择每一段的观点句作业1.每天背两页基础单词,向我打卡2.每天翻10页词以类记,向我打卡3.每天至少读两篇阅读,用我们学的读句子方式和逻辑阅读方式读,限时6分钟,并口头说出脉络,练下有listofheading的文章4.整理今天上课的内容Conclusion雅思阅读介绍课程安排长难句练习逻辑阅读练习小标题配对题作业/如何复习IELTSREADINGLESSON2CRYSTALFortoday长难句练习逻辑阅读练习AB关系配对题作业长难句练习
前课回想:
1.按照语序读句子2.当读完一个完整的语义就断点,若一个完整的句子被分隔开,就把完整的句子先找出来。3.读的过程中可加词理解4.不懂的单词不要纠结。Allinall,在阅读时,读出一句话的主句就可以了,以上的方法可以很好地运用于读长难句的主句。就是简单的什东西或人做了什么长难句练习练习:1.Languageisalsointimatelyboundupwithculture,soitmaybedifficulttopreserveonewithouttheother.(考察不认识的单词怎么用语义逻辑去猜)不用纠结boundup什么意思,用语境给语言和文化一个合理关系即可。所以boundup可以翻译成有关,不阻碍理解2.Thelossofdiversitymayalsodepriveusofdifferentwaysoflookingattheworld.(考察不认识的单词怎么用语义逻辑去猜)不用纠结deprive的意思,缺失多样性肯定是负面的语境,所以这句话可以理解成使我们看待世界的方式减少了3.Thereismountingevidencethatlearningalanguageproducesphysiologicalchangesinthebrain.(考察怎么抓主句,和怎么处理不认识单词)这句话到evidence为止,语法是完整的,但是语义不完整。所以还得往后看evidence是什么样的evidence。That后面理解成语言导致了大脑改变即可。长难句练习练习:4.YourbrainandminearedifferentfromthebrainofsomeonewhospeaksFrench,forinstance.(考察断句和怎么抓主句)Yourbrainandminearedifferentfromthebrain主干抓到了,用语境理解成和别人脑袋不一样即可,这些人脑袋有不同语言5.Thiscouldaffectourthoughtsandperceptions.
(考察不认识的单词怎么处理,怎么猜)看懂thought就行了,因为并列前后意思一般相似6.Thepatternsandconnectionswemakeamongvariousconceptsmaybestructuredbythelinguistichabitsofourcommunity.
(考察有没有按语序读,怎么断句,怎么抓主句)Thepatternsandconnectionsmaybestructuredbythelinguistichabits长难句练习练习:7.Sodespitelinguistsbestefforts,manylanguageswilldisappearoverthenextcentury.
(考察逻辑连词的敏感度,在上一个PPT中)Despite后是积极best,那么主干讲的是消极的8.Butagrowinginterestinculturalidentitymaypreventthedirestpredictionsfromcomingtrue.
(考察逻辑连词的敏感度,怎么抓主句)But前后情感色彩相反,按照逻辑,即使不看but后面的句子也能猜到意思是but前面个讲的主角有不好的一面9.Thekeytofosteringdiversityisforpeopletolearntheirancestraltongue,aswella
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