人教版（22023）选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 People of Achievement Period 2　Reading and Thinking-Language Points学案（含答案）

第第页人教版（22023）选择性必修第一册Unit1PeopleofAchievementPeriod2ReadingandThinking—LanguagePoints学案（含答案）ReadingandThinking—LanguagePoints

提示：题干中加底纹的词汇为本单元的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Theexpertswillcometoourschooltoevaluate(评估)ourcircumstances.

2．Theyoungmanacknowledgedthathehadextractedsomethingvaluablefromtheseplants.

3．Aftertouchingthenewsubstance(物质)，thefamousnovelistfelldowntothefloor.

4．Asisknowntousall，findingacureformalariaiscrucialforhumanbeings.

5．Iwasdefeatedintheimportantcompetition，whichmademeboilwithanger.

6．Iamwritingwiththeobjectiveofinvitingyoutobeajudgeforthecomingspeechcontestinouracademy.

7.Apparently，heisgoodatanalysing(分析)thesekindsofcomplicatedmathproblems.

8．Unexpectedly，thefamoussingerinsisted(坚持)thatheshouldfleetotheUSAjustnow.

Ⅱ.词形变化填空

1．Ifyouarecommittedtoyourhomework，youwon’tcommitsuchafoolishmistake，socommitmentisveryimportant.(commit)

2．Itisthecustomofthisacademytoawardthosewhohaveachievedhighacademicperformances.(academy)

3．Iamnotgoodatbotany，soIamnotfamiliarwithbotanicalnames.(botany)

4．We’dbetterevaluatehisworksinaproperway，otherwiseourevaluationswillnotbefair.(evaluate)

5．Manyscientistswerebusysolvingthescientificproblemusingtheirknowledgeinscience.(science)

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．你认识那个其父亲正在接受手术的男孩吗？

Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherisbeingoperatedon

2．到处都能找到的茶馆，不仅仅是一个喝茶的地方。

Theteahouses，found(find)alloverthecorner，aremuchmorethanjustaplacetodrinktea.

3．我第一次见到她时，她告诉我她出生在一个种着许多玫瑰花的小镇。

WhenImetherforthefirsttime，shetoldmeshewasborninasmalltownwheremanyroseswereplanted.

4．似乎每个角落都有令我惊奇的东西等待着我。

Itseemedtherewasasurprisewaitingformearoundeverycorner.

5．老师故意保持沉默，导致我们以为他生气了。

Theteacherkeptsilentonpurpose，leadingustothinkthathewasannoyed.

vitaladj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的

bevitalto/for...对……是至关重要的Itisvitaltodo...做……很重要。Itisvitalthat...……是十分重要的。(从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略)

单句语法填空/一句多译

(1)(话题写作之语言学习)TolearnChinesewell，readinginterestingChinesenewseverydayisvitalto/forforeignexchangestudents.

(2)(2022·全国乙，书面表达)50%的学生认为课外学英语时看英文电影对他们来说很重要。

①50%ofthestudentsthinkitisvitalforthemtowatchEnglishmovieswhenlearningEnglishoutsidetheclassroom.(itisvitaltodo)

②50%ofthestudentsthinkitisvitalthatthey(should)watchEnglishmovieswhenlearningEnglishoutsidetheclassroom.(itisvitalthat)

commitvt.(做出(错事或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)；(committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commitmentn．承诺；保证；奉献，投入)

commitoneselfto(doing)sth专心致志于(做)某事，献身于(做)某事commitoneselfto(sth/dosth/doingsth)承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)becommittedto(doing)sth对……忠诚；致力于……

单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译

(1)Itisthepolitician’scommitment(commit)tohisworkthathaswonpeople’srespectandlove.

(2)Don’tloseheart.Icommitmyselftohelp/helpingyouimproveyourspokenEnglishinanycircumstances.

不要灰心，我保证在任何情况下都会帮助你提高你的英语口语。

(3)(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)致力于提高学生对国内外事务的理解，我写信邀请您参加我们的节目。

①Committedtoenhancingstudents’understandingofdomesticandforeignaffairs，Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoparticipateinourshow.(形容词短语作状语)

②Committingmyselftoenhancingstudents’understandingofdomesticandforeignaffairs，Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoparticipateinourshow.(现在分词短语作状语)

acknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢

acknowledge(doing/havingdone)sth承认(做了)某事acknowledgethat...承认……acknowledgesth/sbtobe/as...承认某事/某人是……Itisuniversally/generallyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公认的；全世界都知道……

完成句子/一句多译

(1)(应用文之感谢信)IamwritingtoacknowledgealltheencouragementandsupportthatIobtainedfromyouwhenIwasdefeated.

我写信感谢您在我被打败时给予我的鼓励和支持。

(2)(记叙文之写人)Ourheadteacherisacknowledgedtobe/asthemostgenerous，hard-workingandwarm-heartedteacherinouracademy.

我们的班主任被认为是我们学院最慷慨、最勤奋、最热心的老师。

(3)(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatthefive-kilometercross-countryrunningracehaspromotedoursenseofcooperationandrefreshedourspirit.

五公里越野赛促进了我们的合作意识，并使我们精神振奋，这是大家公认的。

(4)既然你承认犯了错误，我会再给你一次改正的机会。

①Sinceyouacknowledgedcommitting/havingcommittedthemistake，Iwouldofferyouanotheropportunitytocorrectit.(acknowledgehavingdone)

②Sinceyouacknowledgedthatyouhadcommittedthemistake，Iwouldofferyouanotheropportunitytocorrectit.(acknowledgethat...)

defeatn．失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜

sufferaseriousdefeat遭受严重的挫败defeatsb击败某人辨析：①defeat和beat后都接sb作宾语。在游戏和比赛中常用beat，侧重于比赛中击败对手；defeat既可以指比赛，又可以指战场上战胜对手。②win后接比赛、辩论、战斗、奖品等名词，表示“荣获，赢得”。

完成句子

(1)(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Theirfirstattempttomakepopcornfailed，buttheydidn’tacknowledgedefeat.Thebraveboyswouldn’tbedefeated/beatenbythetemporaryfailure.

他们做爆米花的第一次尝试失败了，但是他们不承认失败。这些勇敢的男孩子们不会被暂时的失败打败。

(2)(应用文之慰问信)Learningthatyouhavesufferedaseriousdefeat，Iamquiteconcernedaboutyou.

得知你遭受严重的挫败，我很担心你。

(3)(读后续写之动作描写)Afterhewonapairofshoesforhislovelysister，hegrabbedtheshoesandrushedhomelikeanarrow.

在为可爱的妹妹赢得了一双鞋后，他抓起鞋子，像箭一样冲向家。

insistvi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求

insiston/upondoingsth坚持/坚决要求做某事在“insistthat...”结构中，当insist作“坚持主张，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”；当insist作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。

完成句子/一句多译

(1)Theprofessorinsistedthathewasnotill，butthedoctorinsistedthathe(should)takethemedicine.

教授坚持说他没生病，但是医生坚决要求他应该吃药。

(2)(2023·1月浙江，读后续写)把我吓得要死的是我哥哥坚持用刀子割开南瓜。

①Whatmademescaredtodeathwasthatmybrotherinsistedon/uponusingaknifetocutthepumpkinopen.(insiston/upon)

②Whatmademescaredtodeathwasthatmybrotherinsistedthathe(should)useaknifetocutthepumpkinopen.(insistthat)

过去分词作后置定语

教材原句In1967，theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria，andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.

1967年，中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。(P2)

此句中的chosen为过去分词作后置定语，相当于定语从句thatwerechosen。单个的过去分词作定语往往置于被修饰的名词前面；过去分词短语作定语常置于被修饰的名词后面。及物动词的过去分词形式表示被动和完成意义；不及物动词的过去分词形式仅仅表示完成。有时为了强调还可将单一的分词置于被修饰的名词之后。

单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换

(1)WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpolluted(pollute)watercarriedthegerms.

(2)Thereareonlytenminutesleft(leave)beforewehandintheEnglishtestpapers.

(3)(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)Thefive-kilometercross-countryrunningraceheldbyourschoollastSundaymadeusawareoftheimportanceofbuildingupourbody.

上周日我们学校举行的五公里越野赛使我们意识到增强我们体质的重要性。

(4)(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Davidwhowasbathedinextremesadnesscouldn’tresistsobbing.

→Davidbathedinextremesadnesscouldn’tresistsobbing.(用过去分词短语作后置定语改写)

upondoing...

教材原句UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid...

获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说……(P3)

upon/ondoing...一……就……，表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生。表示“一……就……”的其他形式：assoonas，themoment/minute/instant，immediately/directly/instantly/hardly...when.../nosooner...than...

完成句子/一句多译

(1)(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Upon/OnlearningthatBernardwascaughtindifficulty，Johnwasimmediatelycommittedtohelpinghimbymakingpopcorn.

一听说伯纳德陷入困境，约翰立即致力于通过做爆米花帮助他。

(2)(2023·1月浙江，读后续写)我的头一从大南瓜里拔出来，我就松了一口气。

①Assoonasmyheadwaspulledoutofthehugepumpkin，Isighedwithrelief.(assoonas)

②Theinstantmyheadwaspulledoutofthehugepumpkin，Isighedwithrelief.(theinstant)

③Immediatelymyheadwaspulledoutofthehugepumpkin，Isighedwithrelief.(immediately)

④HardlyhadmyheadbeenpulledoutofthehugepumpkinwhenIsighedwithrelief.(hardly...when...)

it作形式主语

教材原句ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.

中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。(P3)

it作形式主语的常用句式：Itbe＋adj./n.＋forsbtodosthItbe＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，supposed，reported...)＋that从句Itbe＋形容词(strange，important，vital，obvious，possible...)＋that从句Itbe＋名词短语(apity，ashame，afact，agoodidea，nowonder...)＋that从句It＋不及物动词(occur，happenseem...)＋that从句

完成句子/完成语段

(1)(话题写作之汉字书写)Itisthought/believed/supposedthatourhandwritingisnotasgoodasitwasinthepastduetotoomuchuseofelectronicproductsfortakingnotes.Itisobvious/apparentthatweshouldformthehabitofpractisingcalligraphyeveryday.Moreover，itisagoodideathatwewriteletterstoourrelativesandfriendsbyhandinsteadofsendinge-mails.Toconclude，itisimportant/vitalthatwehavebeautifulandneathandwriting.

人们认为由于过多使用电子产品做笔记我们的书写没有过去好。显然，我们应该养成每天练习书法的习惯；另外，用手写信而不是发邮件给我们的亲戚朋友是个好主意。总之，我们拥有漂亮整洁的字迹很重要