形容词比较级和最高级的构成和用法

=J最形容词比较级和最高级的构成和用法（单音节及部分双音节形容词的比较级和最高级规则变化）音节是读音的基本单位，在英文中元音因素很关键，一个元音因素可以构成一个音节。一个单词中有几个元音因素，就有几个音节。单音节词long/lp/双音节词busy/bzi/多音节词expensive/kSpensv/一、单音节才形容词的比较级和最高级以-er和-est结尾一般情况下直接在词尾加-er和-est。small-smaller-smallestlong-longer-longestfast-faster-fastesttall-taller-tallestha£d-harder-hardestgreat-greater-greatest以不发音的字母-e结尾的单词在词尾直接加土或苴。late-later-latestfine-finer-finestl^ge-larger-largestnice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变成i，再加-er或-est。dry-drier-driest/draist/happy-happier-happiest/h龙pist/easy-easier-easiest/izst/4.以重度闭音节结尾的词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est。big-bigger-biggesthot-hotter-hottestthin-thinner-thinnest二、大多数双音节词用more和most来构成比较级和最高级以-y结尾和以-ow结尾的双音节形容词比较级和最高级多半采用-er和est形式。happy-happier-happiestpretty-prettier-prettiestnarrow-narrower-narrowestshallow-shallower-shallowest形容词副词比较级最高级用法（一）：比较级只用于两者之间构成：比较级+than若比较的东西比较明显，than之后可以省去。MaryistallerthanSusan.Myhairislongerthanyours（yourhair）.Thiscoatisprettier（省略了than...）.Todayiswarmer（省略了thanyesterday）.最高级用于三者以上的比较结构：the+最高级（+比较范围）比较范围往往是介词短语或从句（如ofall,intheworld,intheclass,Ihaveeverseen等）Heisthetallestintheclass.HeisthetallestIhaveeverseen.ThisappleisthesweetestIhaveevereaten.Thisquestioniseasierthanthatone.It’stheeasiestofthemall.形容词副词比较级最高级用法（二）多音节词（通常两个音节以上）比较级最高级分别为：more+原级most+原级beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautifulexpensive-moreexpensive-mostexpensivefamous-morefamous-mostfamousThiscarisbeautiful.Thatoneismorebeautiful.It’sthemostbeautifuloneIhaveeverseen.注：双音节以辅音字母加-y结尾的词比较级最高级仍把y变为i再加-er/-est。busy-busier-busiest特殊形容词副词的比较级最高级：good/well-better-bestbad/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-least若表示比原来少不管单音节词还是多音节词都在原级前加less变比较级，加些变最高级。1）Susanistall.Iamlesstall.Iamtheleasttallintheclass.Thismovieisinteresting.Thatoneislessinteresting.It’stheleastinterestingoneIhaveeverseen.不出现比较级的比较Aisas+原级+asB：A和B一样(肯定句中只能用as)Aisnotso/as+原级+asB：A不如B(否定句中多数用so,也可以用as)IamastallasSusan.Iamnotso/astallasSusan.Thisbookisasgoodasthatone.Thisbookisn’tas/sogoodasthatone.IrunasfastasLiuXiang.Idon’trunas/sofastasLiuXiang.Aisnotas/so+adj.+asB=Aisless+adj.+thanBIamnotas/sotallasSusan.=IamlesstallthanSusan.Idon’trunas/sofastasLiuXiang.=IrunlessfastthanLiuXiang.小练习：写出以下单词的比较级和最高级cheaploudhotbadsmalllightgoodbusydirtymanyfewexpensivefamousbusy答案：cheap-cheaper-cheapestloud-louder-loudesthot-hotter-hottestbad-worse-worstsmall-smaller-smallestlight-lighter-lightergood-better-bestbusy-busier-busiestdirty