英语语法-情态动词(新东方-杨文哲)

情态动词12能力请求/允许必要性推测cancouldbeabletomaymightmusthavetoshallshouldoughtto√√√√√√√√√3can,could能力，能够(can现在could过去)

CanIgotothebathroom?Idon’tknow.Youmustknowifyoucan.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone__getout.(1997全国)A.hadto B.wouldC.could D.wasabletoD4区别

was/wereable:付出努力并成功做到

could：有潜能，但并未做到Thechemistwasopen,soluckilyI__buysomeaspirin.A.can B.wasableto

C.could D.hadtoBHepaidforaseat,whenhe__haveenteredfree.(2005山东)A.could B.wasableto

C.would D.hadtoA5可以，允许(could更委婉)Excuseme,isthisseattaken?CanIsithere?Yes,youcan.

推测

can:只用于否定和疑问句

Shecan’tbeourteacher.

could：肯定、否定、疑问均可

couldn’t比can’t更不确定6You__betired—you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(2004吉林)A.mustnot B.won’t C.can’t D.maynotC7may,might

可以，允许(比can/could更正式)MayI?

推测

can’t>couldn’t>maynot>mightnotcould>may>might8区别：maybe，maybeTheseshoes__Jim’s,Ithink.A.maybe B.maybe C.mayare D.mayisBmaybe可能maybe可能是9should，oughtto

should“应该”（义务、责任或劝告）

Booksandfriendsshouldbefewbutgood.oughtto语气更强

Everybodyoughttodoatleasttwothingseachdaythathehatestodo.10must,havetomust

必须：主动haveto不得不：被动接受.11

mustnot(mustn’t)禁止

MustIdo…?Yes,youmust.No,youdon’thaveto./No,youneedn’t.

12Mustwefinishthejobbeforedark?

No.You__leavesomepartsofittomorrow.

A.must B.mustn’t

C.need D.may

D13MayIsmokehere?Ifyou__,chooseaseatinthesmokingarea.(2006山东)A.should B.could C.may D.mustD14need“需要，必须”

dare“敢”

肯定句：need/daretodo(实意动词)

否定句：needn’t/daren’tdo(情态动词)15You__tothemeetingthismorningifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.A.needn’ttocome B.don’tneedcomeC.don’tneedcoming D.needn’tcomeD16Ihavetodothisexperimentagain,butyou__withme.A.needtonotgo B.donotneedgoC.neednotgo D.needgonotC17will,would

“愿意”will（现在）

would（过去）

would征求意见（语气委婉）18

情态动词表示猜测肯定：must>should>could>may>might否定：can’t>shouldn’t>couldn’t>maynot>mightnot19Johnny,you__playwiththeknife,you__hurtyourself.A.won’t,can’t B.mustn’t,mayC.shouldn’t,must D.can’t,shouldn’tBI’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.It_Mary’s.Healwayswearsgreen.(05广东)A.hastobe B.willbeC.mustn’tbe D.couldbeD20情态动词+havedone(描述过去)猜测musthavedonecan’thavedonecouldhavedonemayhavedonemighthavedonecouldhavedone过去一定过去一定不过去可能...本来能...而实际没有21

Shecouldhavebeenhiswife.

她以前可能是他的妻子。她本应该是他的妻子。22建议shouldhavedoneshouldnothavedoneneednothavedonedidn’tneedtodo过去应该...过去不该...过去没有必要做...没有必要做并且没做...23

You__me.Butsinceyouhave,I'llkeepthesecretfromothers.A.needn'thavetoldB.didn'tneedtotellC.mustn'thavetoldD.couldn'thavetoldA24Mr.White__at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.A.shouldhavearrived B.shouldarrive C.shouldhavehadarrive D.shouldbearrivingA25He__havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.A.should B.must