译林高二英语精源：必修5-unit1-Grammar-课件

GrammarinU1M5GrammarinU1M5Thegrammaritemsinthisunitfocusonthetoinfinitive,thebareinfinitiveandtheverb-ingformasanoun.Weareexpectedtorecognizethebasicformsofthetoinfinitiveandthebareinfinitiveandlearnhowtousethemindifferentsituations.Wewillalsolearnhowtousetheverb-ingformasanouninvarioussituations.Atthesametime,weareexpectedtoapplywhatwehavelearntbydoingsomewrittentasks.ThegrammaritemsinthisToinfinitive[ɪnˈfɪnətɪv]Thetoinfinitiveisto+thebaseformofaverb,e.g.,todoandtowork.Itcanbeusedaloneoraspartofaninfinitivephrase.1.Thetoinfinitivecanbe:A.thesubject

Tofindabestfriendisdifficult.=Itisdifficulttofindabestfriend.Toinfinitive[ɪnˈfɪnətɪv]

B.theobjectIneedtosleepforeighthourseverynight.常跟不定式作宾语的动词：

决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;refuse,manage,care,pretend主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮 offer,promise,choose,plan;agree,ask/beg,help决心学会想希望，decide/determine,learC.theobjectcomplementIaskedhimtocomeover.有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即“动词/动词短语＋宾语＋todo”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有：advise建议allow允许ask询问；要求beg恳求cause导致encourage鼓励permit准许forbid禁止force强迫intend打算invite邀请order命令；要求C.theobjectcomplementpersuade说服prefer更喜欢require需要；要求teach教remind提醒tell告诉want想要warn警告wish希望；想要waitfor等待callon号召；要求dependon依靠D.theattributive[əˈtrɪbjətɪv]

△Ihaveaveryimportantmeetingtoattend.persuade说服prefeE.thepredicative[prɪˈdɪkətɪv]Hisaimwastocheermeup.F.theadverbial[æd'vɜ:bɪəl]Youneedtoapologizequicklytoavoidlosingagoodfriend.2.Thetoinfinitivecanalsohaveacontinuous[kənˈtɪnjuəs]orperfectform.Thingsseemtobegettingbetter.Johnpretendednottohaveseenme.E.thepredicative[prɪˈdɪ主动形式被动形式一般式完成式进行式无todotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoing主动形式被动形式一般式完成式进行式无todotobeBareinfinitiveAnotherkindofinfinitiveisthebareinfinitive.Itistheinfinitivewithout‘to’1.Weusethebareinfinitiveafter:A.letandmakeandsometimeshaveIletherborrowmybook.Shemademepromisetowriteeveryday.Theteacheroftenhashisstudentsreadaloudinclass.BareinfinitiveB.verbsofperception[pəˈsepʃn]:feel,hear,seeandwatchIsawhertalktohernewfriends.

下列动词接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语：一感(feel)，二听(hear,listento)，三让(let，have,make)，五看(see,notice,observe,watch,lookat)，半帮助(help)，但在变为被动语态时需加to。B.verbsofperception[pəˈsepNobodysawhimcomein.(主动语态)没人看见他进来。Thethiefwasobservedtoenterthebank.(被动语态)有人看见小偷进了银行。Tip:Verbsofperceptioncanalsobeusedwithverb-ingbutwithdifferentmeanings.Isawhertalktohernewfriends.(Iwitnessedthewholeconversation.)Nobodysawhimcomein.(主动语态)Isawhertalkingtohernewfriends.(WhenIsawher,shewastalkingtohernewfriends.Imightormightnothavewitnessedthewholeconversation.)C.wouldrather,hadbetterandwhynotIwouldrathergoswimmingYouhadbettertidyyourbedroom.WhynotvisityourcousininJapan?Isawhertalkingtohernewf2.Whentwoinfinitivesarejoinedbyand,or,except,but,thanorratherthan,wesometimesusethebareinfinitiveforthesecondinfinitive.Shetoldmetobecheerfulandlookonthebrightside

[（对坏情况）持乐观态度，看到光明的一面].Doyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchafilm?WehadnothingtodobutwatchTV.Idecidedtowriteratherthanphone.2.WhentwoinfinitivesarVerb-ingformasanoun1.Verb-ingformscanbeusedlikenouns.Theycanbeused

A.asthesubjectofasentencewhenwetalkaboutanactioninageneralwaySwimmingisgoodforyourhealth.

B.astheobjectofasentencewhenwetalkaboutanactioninageneralwayVerb-ingformasanounIloveswimmingintheseaduringthesummer.

C.afterprepositionsIkeepfitbyswimmingeveryday.

2.Weuseaverb-ingform,notaninfinitive,aftertheseverbsadmitdislikeimaginedelayconsidermindunderstandavoidenjoypractisemissfinishkeepsuggestIloveswimminginthese考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon;admit,delay/putoff,fancy考虑建议盼原谅，consider,suggest/advi避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate避免错过继续练，avoid,miss,keep/keep禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准避免forbid/avoid,imagine,risk;can’thelp(禁不住),mind,allow/permit,escape禁止想象才冒险，forbid/avoid,imagine,3.Somecommonphrasesareusedwithverb-ingforms.A.…cannothelp…Icannothelpwonderingwhyshedoesnotlikeme.B.…lookforwardto…Ilookforwardtoseeingyouattheparty.3.SomecommonphrasesareC.…feellike…Idon’tfeellikedoinganythingnow.D.…cannotstand…Shecannotstandseeingthatboy.E.…putoff…Ihavetoputoffshoppingtilltomorrow.F.…keepon…Hekeptonaskingmeformyphonenumber.C.…feellike…类似的还有:be/getusedto(习惯于),insiston(坚持),getdownto(开始认真做某事),devote...to...(致力于……),

objectto(反对),stickto(坚持),giveup(放弃)leadto导致类似的还有:4.Wecanuseaverb-ingformoratoinfinitiveafterthefollowingverbs,withlittledifferenceinmeaning.continuepreferbeginhatelikestartlove5.Someverbscanbefollowedbyaverb-ingformoratoinfinitive,butwithsomedifferenceinmeaningorusage.Weneedtomakesureweusethecorrectform.forgetregretremembermeantry4.Wecanuseaverb-ingA.forget+toinfinitive(Thetoinfinitiveherereferstoanactionthathasnotbeendone.)Heforgottoclosethedoorwhenheleft.B.forget+verb-ingform(Theverb-ingformherereferstoanactionthathasbeendone.)I’llneverforgetwinningmyfirstgoldmedal.A.forget+toinfinitiveC.regret+toinfinitive(Thisisapolitewaytosaythatyou'resorryorsadaboutasituation.)Iregrettoinformyouthattheflighthasbeencancelled.D.regretverb-ingform(Thismeansyoufeelsorryaboutsomethingthatyouhavedone.)Iregrettedtellinghimabouttheaccident.C.regret+toinfinitive译林高二英语精源ppt：必修5-unit1-Grammar-课件译林高二英语精源ppt：必修5-unit1-Grammar-课件MaYaniswritingashorte-mailtoherfriend,XuDong,aboutherviewsonchatrooms.Readhernotesandhelphercompletethee-mail.Notesfirstvisit:ayearagoregularchats:2monthslaterchateverydaypretendI'msomeoneelsedon'ttalktorealfriendsasmuchasbeforeMaYaniswritingashortsometimeschatalleveningmumstopsmeatabout10p.m.didn'tdohomeworkmustpassexams,ormumwillsellcomputermakeachangesometimeschatalleveningIfirstbegan(1)_______________Internetchatroomsaboutayearago.Istarted(2)________________regularlyabouttwomonthslater,andnowIchatontheInternetdaily.Ilove(3)______________chatroomsbecausesometimesIfeellike(4)___________tobesomeoneelseonline.Ilovetocreateanewidentityformyself.visiting/tovisitchatting/tochatvisiting/tovisitpretendingIfirstbegan(1)________

Soonaftervisitingthechatrooms,Ibegantotalklesstomyrealfriends.Ithoughttheywerelessexcitingthanmyonlinefriends.Iusuallyenterthechatroomatabout8p.m.andcontinue(5)_______________allevening,sometimesuntilmidnight.Butusuallymymummakesme(6)____atabout10p.m.chatting/tochatstopSoonaftervisitingthechMumdiscouragesmefrom(7)________online.ShesaysIspendanabsurd(不合理的，不恰当的）amountoftimedoingso.Myfriendssaysotoo.Maybethey’reright.Lastweek,Ievenforgot(8)______myhomework.MumsaysIhadbetter(9)_____myexams,orshewillsellthecomputerasapunishment.AlthoughIhavefunwithmyonlinefriends,IknowchattingtodopassMumdiscouragesmefrom(7thatmyrealfriendsaremoreimportantthanmyonlinefriends.So,I'mconsidering(10)________achange.makingthatmyrealfriendsaremoreC1.LookatwhatTomdidyesterday.Payattentiontothestarthatheusedtoindicatethemostimportantthinghedid.Thenanswerthequestionsbelowusingtoinfinitives.P92Inthemorning6.00Gotup6.30Hadbreakfast7.00Wenttowork8.30AttendedameetingC1.LookatwhatTomdidyes★10.00HadaninterviewwithMrWhite11.00Postedalettertomysister11.30InvitedTonytohavedinnerIntheafternoon2.30Sente-mailstomycustomers5.00Boughtsomeeggsinthesupermarketonmywayhomefromwork6.00WenttoMr.Henry'storepairhiscomputerandreturnhisbooks★10.00HadaninterviewwithM1.WhatwasthemostimportantthingTomdidyesterday?ThemostimportantthingTomdidyesterdaywas______________________________._______________________________wasthemostimportantthingTomdidyesterday.tohaveaninterviewwithMrWhiteTohaveaninterviewwithMrWhite.1.Whatwasthemostimpor2.WhydidTomgotothepostoffice?Becausehehadaletter________________.3.WhatdidTominviteTonytodowithhim?HeinvitedTony_____________withhim.toposttohissistertohavedinner2.WhydidTomgotothepost4.WhydidTomgotothesupermarket?Hewenttothesupermarket________________.5.WhydidhegotoMrHenry's?HewenttoMrHenry's_______________________________tobuysomeeggstorepairhiscomputerandreturnhisbooks.4.WhydidTomgotothesC2.Fillintheblanks,usingthe