从木质纤维素化学和乙醇生产

OutlineNationalBioproductsProgram–Whatisit?Chemicalsandethanolfromlignocellulosicmaterials–projectdescriptionCurrentstatusNationalBioproductsProgramJointinitiativeofNationalResearchCouncil,Agriculture&AgrifoodCanada,NaturalResourcesCanadaUniteuniversity,governmentandindustryscientiststodevelopbioproducts/biofuelstechnologyforCanadaFourprojectareas:ChemicalandethanolproductionfromlignocellulosicmaterialsBiomaterialsandbiopolyolsforautomotive,aerospace,constructionandplasticsindustriesFuelsandchemicalsfromanaerobicdigestionorgasificationofmunicipalsolidwasteand/orbiomassBiodieselfrommarinealgaeNationalBioproductsProgram–projectcriteriaObjective:Commercializabletechnologieswithin3–5yearsthataddressCanadianprioritiesinsustainableenergy,environmentandruralrevitalizationFromtheoutset,atleastoneindustrialpartnerwhocanreceivethetechnology;i.e.,marketpullratherthantechnologypushMorethanoneparticipantWillstanduptolife-cycleassessmentChemicalsandethanolfromlignocellulosicmaterials-Twolignocellulosevaluechains

Forestry(chemicalpulpmills)Cellulosemostvaluableforpulp($800/t)Chemicals/fuelsfromligninandhemicelluloseAgriculturalresiduesandotherwoodFractionatebiomasstoseparateligninfromcelluloseTwousesforcellulose:Fibresforbiomaterials(e.g.flax)EthanolviathermalorbiologicalconversionLigninandhemicellulosetochemicalsPyrolysis–bio-oilandcharLigninactivitiesInterestingopportunitiesidentifiedbasedonprice,volumeandmarketstability:Substituteforphenol($1500/t)inphenol-formaldehyderesins(FPInnovations,BRI)Substituteforcarbonblack($2000/t)intires(FPInnovations,LakeheadUniversity(Prof.A.Chen),BRI)Carbonfibre–currentlymadefrompolyacrylonitrile($3,000/t)(FPInnovations,UniversityofBritishColumbia(Prof.J.Kadla))Single-walledcarbonnanotubes(SWCNT)frompyrolysischarsanduseoftheSWCNTsintheaboveapplications(SIMS,aboveresearchers,alsobiomaterialsandgasificationprojects)HemicelluloseHemicellulosefromwoodprehydrolysis,mildacidtreatmentofagriculturalresiduesFurfural–maximum50%yieldfromacidolysisofxylose5-Hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)–from6-carbonsugarsNanocatalysistoimproveyieldsoffurfuralandHMFNanocatalytictransformationofHMFto2,5-furandicarboxylicacidFPInnovationsandamembercompany,BRICellulosicethanolBiomassfractionation:Physical/chemicalmethods(Dr.J.Hawari,BRI)microwave/ultrasoundtechniquestoacceleratechemicalseparationofligninfromcelluloseEnzymaticmethods(Dr.PeterLau,BRI)Feruloylesterase,cutinase(alfalfa,triticale)Aromaticchemicalsderivedfromlignin,e.g.ferulicacid,vinylguaiacol,vanillinCellulosedegradation:Hyperthermophiliccellulases(Dr.W.Sung,IBS,S.Laberge,J.Simmonds,A.Laroche,AAFC)Pentosefermentation:GeneticmanipulationofS.cerevisiaetoimprovexyloseuptakeandfermentation(Dr.M.Whiteway,BRI)SummaryofvaluechainsandactivitiesBiomassFractionation(bioconversion,pyrolysis,microwaveorultrasound)LigninHemicelluloseCelluloseIncreasedfurfuralyieldHMFFurandicarboxylicacidPFresins,carbonfibreSWCNT,bio-oilLigninintiresAromaticacidsPentosefermentationHyperthermophiliccellulasesFuelStatusStillactivelyseekingindustrialparticipantswhocancontributetoprojectobjectivesanddevelopthetechnologiestofullcommercialscaleAdvisoryBoardmeeting