山东师范大学美国文学现代主义American Modernism

AmericanModernism1914–1945ThemodernismperiodinAmericaliteraturelastedfrom1914to1945withthefirstworldwarasastartingpointandthesecondworldwarendingpoint.Surely,italsoexperiencedthe1930seconomicdepression.HistoricalBackground

traumasofthefirstworldwar第一次世界大战的创伤

Industrializationandurbanization工业化程度的加剧和城市化进程的加深

High-speeddevelopmentoftechnologyandscience科技的高速发展

The1930seconomicdepression30年代的经济大萧条

Collapseofsocialvaluesystem社会价值体系的崩溃

Droppingmoralstandards道德标准的江河日下

Senseofdepression,fearanddisillusionmentPhilosophicalBackgroud:irrationalism反理性主义

Kant,Comte,Schopenhauer,Nietzsche,Bergson,FreudAvant-gardeAprominentfeatureofmodernismByviolatingacceptedconventionsanddecorum;theyundertaketocreateever-newartisticformsandstylesandtointroducehithertoneglected,andoftenforbidden,subjectmatters.Frequentlyavant-gardeartistsrepresentthem­selvesas"alienated"fromtheestablishedorder,againstwhichtheyasserttheirownautonomy;theiraimistoshockthesensibilitiesoftheconventionalreaderandtochallengethenormsandpietiesofbourgeoisculture.

FeaturesoftheWorksFreud’spsychoanalysis,WilliamJames’sstreamofconsciousnesstheoryandarchetypalsymbol(原型符号)hadgreatimpactonthewritersofAmericanmodernismperiod.Theypayspecialattentiontotheinnerworldofpeople.特征：美国现代主义小说不再也塑造人物性格为核心，以情节为主题的结构框架，而是以非连续性的结构、碎片式的描写和高度试验性的语言表达为其基本特征，借以标志与传统的决裂。美国现代主义文学的特征也体现在对“人”这一概念的诠释上，通过注重揭示人性的丑恶面，阐述人物的非英雄化本质，以及内心世界的混乱无序，呈现出一副病态的物质世界里生活着一群病态心理，或是走向病态心理的人的画面。美国现代主义文学的独到之处还在于对意识流的精确理解和成熟运用，其实质是突破了传统现实主义文学正常的时空结构，从根本上否定事件、思维发展的连贯性和因果关系。ThedifferencesbetweenrealismandmodernismRealismModernismFunctionofLiteratureEducatePeopleandCriticizeSocialEvilsExpressionof"Self"SubjectPublic,ExteriorWorldPrivate,InteriorWorldConceptionofTime&SpaceClockTime,GeographicspacePsyc