版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
Unit3UndertheseaGrammarHavingbeenattackedbyterrorists,theWorldTradeCentercollapsed.HaveALkUnexpectedly,beingunemployedgavemebackasenseofpurpose—Iwassomeone’smum!2.Whatwearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.3.Thesilenceofthelibrarywasbrokenonlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.4.BeingwatchedbyhisEnglishteacher,littleTomfeltnervous,notknowingwhattosay.5.Didyouseetheboybeingquestionedbythepolice?6.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.一、行为主体不明确,不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如:Footballisplayedallovertheworld.二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如:Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被盗了。何时使用被动语态呢?三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如:Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouse.ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知……Itiswellknownthat...据推测说……Itissupposedthat…四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如:WeiHuawasaskedtocomebyLinTao.魏华是被林涛叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如:HewasborninOctober,1989.六、表示礼貌时。例如:YouarefriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglishpartyat8:00p.m.tomorrow.敬请您明天晚上8:00光临我们的英语晚会。V-ing形式由“do+ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing形式语态时态主动形式被动形式一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone当非限定性动词-ing的逻辑主语是-ing所表示的动作对象时要用-ing的被动形式,包括其一般形式“(not)being
+
-ed分词和完成形式“(not)having
been
+-ed分词”。什么情况用V-ing形式的被动式呢?
当动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时,就要用动词-ing形式的被动语态。
动词-ing形式的被动语态和它的主动语态一样,在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语。动词-ing形式的被动语态1.
Beingkilledbysharksintheseaisacommonthing.2.Beinghelpedoutbythekillerwhales,thewhalerswereabletomakesuccessfulkill.用作主语Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedbytheteacher.2.Irememberhavingbeentoldthestory.
3.Ididn’tliketheideaofbeingthrownaboutinaboatonaroughsea.
用作宾语V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。★Thebirdescaped______________(catch).★Hewasafraidof_______________(abandon)byus.beingabandonedbeingcaught在
avoid,admit,appreciate,complete,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,putoff,feellike,insiston等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。注意Theproblembeingdiscussed
nowisveryimportant.2.Thehousebeingbuiltwillbeourlibraryuponitscompletion.用作定语1.Beingaskedtoanswerthequestion,shecouldn’trefuse.2.Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howwouldyounotvalueitatall?用作状语—Ving一般时和一般时的被动形式;(1)Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindfromtimetotime.(2)Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourdormitory.CompareI—Ving的完成时和完成时的被动形式(1)Havingheardthis,ourteacherexpressedhersatisfaction.(2)Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldn’tleave.CompareII
在绝大数情况下,句子的逻辑主语是句中的主语,但有时可有一个名词或代词表示逻辑上的主语,这种带逻辑主语的结构称为独立结构。
Themeetingbeingover,wealllefttheroomanddrovehome.
会议结束后,我们都离开房间开车走了。
Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.
由于今天是假日,所有商店都关门了。
Theheavyfrostcomingon,deadleaveslaythickontheground.
浓霜降临,落叶满地。一些动词如need,want,require等作“需要”讲时,其后的动词-ing形式的主动语态表示被动意义,也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。如:注意
Theblackboardneedscleaning.=Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.
黑板需要擦干净。
Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.=Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired.
那个破窗户需要修理。另外注意beworth及beworthy的用法:
Theproblemisworthdiscussing.
Theproblemisworthyofbeingdiscussed.
Theproblemisworthytobediscussed.
以上三个句子都意为“这个问题值得讨论”。1.WhatmadeBillsoangry?______.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasn’tcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.Beingkeptwaited课堂练兵
2.Thebuilding____inourschoolisforusteachers.Thoughthere’snoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt
3.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed______.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch
4.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp______intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadedB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded5._______manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercises.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching
6._________thewholestory,Janedecidednottoseethefilm.A.Havingbeentold
B.HavingtoldC.Beentold
D.Telling
7.Hehasalwaysinsistedonhis______DrTurnerinsteadofMrTurner.A.beencalledB.calledC.havingcalledD.beingcalled8.Doyoumind_______aloneathome?A.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.Jane’sbeingleftD.Janetobeleft9.________abroadforatourisagreathonorforanordinarypersonlikeme.A.TakenB.TakingC.HavingbeentakenD.Beingtaken10.Ihearthey’veinvitedLucy,butshedidn’tmention_________whenwetalkedonthephone.A.toinviteB.havingbeeninvitedC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited11.Bencan’tattendtheparty_______atLily’shouseatpresentbecauseheispreparingfortomorrow’stest.A.holdB.toholdC.tobeheldD.beingheld12._______,theenemytroopswereforcedtogivein.A.BeingsurroundedB.TosurroundC.TobesurroundedD.Havingsurrounded13.Theappointment_____becauseofthesnowstorm,MissGreenhadtostayathome.A.cancelingB.beingcanceledC.havingbeencanceledD.tobecanceled14.Afterthemanbecameconscious,heremembered_______andhitonthe
headwithsomethinghard.A.toattackB.havingbeenattackedC.attackingD.tobeattacked
—Haveyouhandedinyourschoolworkyet?—Yes,Ihave.Iguessit______now.(2007辽宁卷)A.hasgradedB.isgradedC.isbeinggradedD.isgrading实战高考2.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent________attheendoflastMarch.(2007山东卷)A.hasbeenlaunchedB.havingbeenlaunchedC.beinglaunchedD.tobelaunched3.Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone.(2008江西卷)A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromoted4.___twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.(2009北京卷)A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten5.Istillremember
________
totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.(2009陕西卷)A.totake
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
评论
0/150
提交评论