九年级中考人教版英语一轮复习八年级上册Unit3-4知识点总结

八年级上册Unit3--4知识点总结词汇bothadj.&pron.两个；两个都both后的谓语动词通常用复数形式BothwomenareFrench.BothBenandTomlikeplayingthepiano.both可置于句首；也可置于句中。置于句中时放在be动词之后，实义动词之前Theyarebothactors.Thegirlsbothjointhemusicclub.常用短语：both...and...,bothof...BothTinaandTarahavelonghair.Bothofthemhandedintheirhomeworkontime.winv.获胜；赢；赢得（过去式：won）意义区别win获胜后接名次、奖品或比赛等beat打败，战胜宾语是人或团体defeat强调在战场上打败敌人Ourclasswonthefootballgame.Ourclassbeattheotherfootballteams.Theyfinallydefeatedtheirenemy.thoughadv.不过；可是；然而conj.虽然；尽管；〖注意〗though作连词时，用法与although相似，不与but和however连用YoucantellthatLisareallywantedtowin,though.Though/Althoughhegotupearly,hedidn’tcatchthefirstbus.laughv.笑；发笑n.笑声laughatsb.嘲笑某人Don’tlaughatothers.Hislaughisimpressive.seriousadj.严肃的；稳重的（adv.seriously）beseriousabout...对.....认真take...seriously认真对待......Heisseriousabouthiscareer.Shetookhisadviceseriously.reachv.伸手；达到；抵达Thebabyreachedoutherhandstotouchhermother.Somestudentsfailedtoreachtheirgoals.TheyreachedBeijinglastnight.〖拓展〗表示到达某地的短语还有：arriveat/in+地点，getto+地点breakv.（使）破；裂；碎；损坏（过去式：broke过去分词：broken）breakout（指战争、疾病等）爆发Beforethewarbrokeout,theyhadescapedtoAmerica.breakin强行进入Athiefbrokeinourhousewhenweweren’tathomeyesterday.breakdown出故障，坏掉Mycarbrokedownonthemywayhome.sharev.分享；共享sharesth.withsb.与某人分享某物Ioftensharemysecretswithmybestfriend.〖拓展〗sharedbikes共享单车informationn.信息；消息（不可数名词）apieceofinformation一则消息getinformationabout...得到关于.....的消息NowadayswecangetallkindsofinformationontheInternet.closeadj./adv.（在空间、时间上）接近v.关闭It’stheclosestbankwecanfind.Don’tcometooclose.Pleasecloseyoureyes.〖辨析〗close和closely的区别close:作副词时，指时间、空间上接近，侧重距离的近closely:意为“紧密地，密切地”，表达的是一种抽象的意义Thelittlegirlstoodclosetohermother.Thesetwoeventsarecloselyconnected.prettyadj.漂亮的；adv.相当；十分；很Ihappenedtomeetaprettyboyatthecrossingjustnow.Yoursweaterisprettynice.短语careabout关心；在意carefor照顾、照料；喜欢takecareofsb.照顾某人Hedoesn’tcareabouttheaccident.Allofuscareforthefilm.Shehastotakecareofheryoungerbrotherafterschool.aslongas只要（引导条件状语从句）Aslongasyousticktoyourdream,youwillmakeitcometrue.bedifferentfrom与......不同thesameas和......相同Sheisdifferentfrommyotherfriends.Idon’treallycareifmyfriendsarethesameasmeordifferent..infact事实上；确切地说；实际上Infact,sheisthemostinterestingpersonIknow.IusedtoliveinNanjing;infact,notfarfromwhereyou’regoingto.besimilarto与......相似Yournewcameraissimilartomine.Mylivinghabitsaresimilartothatofmostotherpeople.have...incommon有相同特征；（想法、兴趣等方面）相同havenothingincommon没有共同之处havemuch/manythingsincommon有许多共同之处Thesetwopictureshavenothingincommon.Mybrothershavemuchincommon.allkindsof各种各样的......（后可接可数名词的复数或不可数名词）Youcanfindallkindsofnovelsinthebookstore.Helikeseatingallkindsofbread.〖拓展〗differentkindsof+可数名词的复数或不可数名词，意为“不同种类的......”akindof+可数名词的单数，意为“一种......”kindof+adj.，意为“有点儿......”Themusicianlovedifferentkindsofmusic.Ihadakindoffeelingthismighthappen.Lionsarekindofscaring.beuptosb.是某人的职责；由某人决定常用句型为：It’suptosb.todosth.意为“由某人决定做某事”Whentoleaveisuptoyourmother.It’suptoyoutodecidewhoisthebestsinger.playaroleinsth./doingsth.在......方面发挥作用；对......有影响在role之前可加形容词修饰，如：important,essential,active等Peoplewhowatchtheshowplayaroleindecidingthewinner.Heplaysanimportantroleinscience.makesb.dosth.使某人做某事makesb./sth.+adj.使某人/某物......Sheissofunnythatsheoftenmakespeoplelaugh.Listeningtomusicmakesmehappy.makeup编造（故事、谎言等）；构成，组成；化妆Hemadeupalietocheathisparents.Shemakesherselfupbeforeshegoestoworkeverymorning.Weneedonemorepersontomakeupateam.语法形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级和最高级的构成规则变化构成原级比较级最高级一般在词尾加-er,-estsmartfastsmarterfastersmartestfastest以e结尾只加-r,-stnicenicernicest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，将y变为i再加-er,-esthappyearlyhappierearlierhappiestearliest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这一辅音字母后，再加-er,-estthinthinnerthinnest部分双音节词和多音节词在词前加more,mostimportantslowlymoreimportantmoreslowlymostimportantmostslowly不规则变化原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastbad,illworseworstfarfarther（只指距离）farthest（只指距离）further（指距离也只程度）furthest（指距离也只程度）oldolder（指年龄、新旧、血缘）oldest（指年龄、新旧、血缘）elder（只指血缘）eldest（只指血缘）比较级的用法比较级+thanJennyhasmorebooksthanJimmydoes.Hedancedbetterthanme.比较级+and+比较级It’sgettinghotterandhotter.Hedrovemoreandmorecarefully.the+比较级...,the+比较级Themoreyoueat,theheavieryouwillbe.Theharderyoupractice,thebetteryou’lllearn.the+比较级（+ofthetwo）Eg:ThelargerofthetwohousesbelongstoMissWhite.morethan（多于）,notmorethan（不比.....多）,lessthan（少于）,notlessthan（不少于......）,less+形容词+than（不如......）Eg:Ithinkdogsarelesscutethancats.Morethan500studentswillattendthemeeting.使用比较级常见错误比较的范围或对象出错ThelengthofNileislongerthanYangtzeRiver.(×)ThelengthofNileislongerthanthatofYangtzeRiver.(√)ChinaislagerthananycountryinAsia.(×)ChinaislagerthananyothercountryinAsia.(√)ChinaislagerthananycountryinAfrica.(√)“not+比较级+than”与“no+比较级+than”表达的意义完全不同。前者常常表示“一方不如另一方”，后者表示“双方都不......”MySpanishisnotbetterthanyou.我的西班牙语不如你好。MySpanishisnobetterthanyou.我的西班牙语和你一样差。比较级的修饰语:much,far,byfar,still,even,no,any,alot,alittle,abit,agreatdeal,rather,twice,twothirds等Yourfatherlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.Yourappleistwicebiggerthanmine.最高级的用法the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的词组或从句Herbikeisthenewestoneintheneighborhood.Frozenisthemostinterestingmovieofthethreeones.oneofthe+形容词最高级+课时数名词复数形式+表示范围的词组或从句Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.比较级形式表达最高级含义Mr.Blackisverygladbecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeenmorepopular.Sheistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.=Sheistallerthantheothergirlsinherclass.=Sheistallerthantherestofthegirlsinherclass.单项选择1.Althoughmyhomeworkis______hers.Ididn’tcopyhers.A.differentfrom B.similarto C.goodfor D.notthesameas 2.Ithink__canpassthemathexam.Becauseit’squiteeasy.A.everybody B.somebody C.nobody 3.Ifeel_______betternow.A.quite B.moreC.much D.very 4.-Thereisonlyonebottleofwater.Ithinkyoutwohaveto__.-Wedon'tcareaboutit.A.get B.arrive C.share D.try 5.-Whichofthesethreebookswillyoubuy?-I'llbuy_of