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一、冠词残缺
(一)缺少不定冠词a/an
单数可数泛指某一不确定的人或事物,应加不定冠词a/an。单数名词有形容词修饰的,冠词放在形容词前面,而非名词前面。冠词后的名词或者形容词首音为辅音的,加a;单词首音为元音的,加an。
注意:有些单词首字母是元音字母,但首音并不发元音的,其前的不定冠词要用a。如:university,
useful,
usual,Europe(首音均发半元音[j]),
one(首音为[w])有些单词首字母是辅音字母,但首音却发元音的,其前的不定冠词an。如:
hour,
honest,
honorable,
unusual
冠词后的名词前有形容词的情形(此种情形由于被分割,很容易忽略,考得也最多):
(2013O1)It
is
such
great
hotel
that
I
would
recommend
it
to
any
friend
of
me
who
is
going
to
Beijing.
(2010O2)In
other
words,
we
would
be
separated
long
time.
(2007O2)I
meant
to
write
long
letter
and
tell
you
all
the
things
I'
m
doing
at
school,
but
the
bell
was
ringing,
so
I
just
have
to
stop
here.
(2005O3)②I
hope
you’ve
had
pleasant
journey
home
and
will
come
to
China
again
sometimes
in
the
future.
(2002O2)As
everyone
knows.
it’s
famous
mountain
with
all
kinds
of
plants
and
animal.
(2000春)②I’ll
take
this
chance
wish
you
wonderful
time
on
your
birthday.
2、冠词后的名词前无形容词的情形:
If
you'd
like
to
make
trip
to
our
city
some
day,
I
will
be
better
than
happy
to
be
your
guide.
(2004O2)I'm
sure
they
will
laugh
to
me
and
see
me
as
fool.
(2010O1)②There
was
Uncle
Chen,
gentleman
living
near
my
house,
who
was
a
very
much
famous
writer.
3、注意固定词组中的冠词不能缺少。
(2014N1)
As
result,
the
plants
are
growing
somewhere.
在
such
或
so
+
形容词与单数可数名词连用时,不可缺
a
(an)。如:
He
is
such
∧
(an)
honest
boy
that
all
of
us
like
him.
This
is
so
good
∧
(a)
book
that
I
read
it
again.
5.
表示“有些”时,little,
few前面不可缺少
a。如:
Don’t
hurry.
There
is
∧
(a)
little
time
left.
many
前有
great,
good
时,要加
a。如:∧(a)
great
many
people.若
many
后接单数名词,中间须有
a
(an)。如:Many
∧
(a)
man
has
tried
it
before.
一些不可数名词前,有形容词修饰表示“一种(场)等”时,要加
a
(an)。如:
It’s
∧
(a)
famous
Chinese
tea.
There
was∧
(a)
heavy
rain
last
night.
用专有名词表示“一个像(叫)……的人”时,用
a
(an),
如:
He
wished
to
be
∧
(a)
Lei
Feng.
∧
(A)
Mr
Wang
called
you
up
just
now.
(二)缺少定冠词the
1.
特指某一个人或者事物,特指某一些人或事物(即说话者和听话者都知道的人或者事物),名词前须用定冠词the加以限定。考试题中的特指线索:一是前文已提到过的人或者事物,二是已有专有名词修饰。
但若名词前已有等限定词或者修饰语时,则不能再加定冠词了。
特指某一个人或者事物:
(2013O2)As
a
result,
nobody
knew
truth.
(2013N2)This
custom
soon
becomes
another
meal
of
day.
(2009O2)Just
before
I
turned
corner
of
Park
Street,
I
happened
to
see
an
accident.
(2008O2)Second,
I
will
learn
more
about
history
of
the
Olympics
as
good
as
the
2008
Olympic
Games.
②
Each
player
must
obey
captain,
who
is
the
leader
of
the
team.特指某一些人或者事物:
(2011O1)One
of
my
unforgettable
memory
of
my
school
in
Xinjiang
is
that
of
lunches
we
brought
from
our
homes.
“形容词比较级
+
of
the
two…”前必须用
the。如:
He
is
∧
(the)
better
one
of
the
two.
二、冠词多余
1.
在一些固定短语或者词组中,有些名词即使是可数名词,其前面也没有不定冠词。这可能是由于习惯使然。
(NMET
2000)Suddenly,
I
caught
a
sight
of
my
English
teacher
in
the
crowd.
(2013年NI)In
a
fact,
he
even
scared
my
classmates
away
during
they
came
over
to
play
or
do
homework
with。
与介词
at,
in,
to连用的名词
school,
class,
town,
hospital,
church,
prison,
bed
等表示与其有关的活动时,用冠词是多余的。如:go
to
the
school(上学),
be
in
the
prison(坐牢),
be
in
the
bed(在睡觉)
与
by
连用的交通工具名称和
air,
land,
sea
等名词前用冠词是多余的。如:by
the
bike,
by
the
sea,
by
the
train
表示游戏活动而不是表示游戏工具的名词前不用冠词。如:play
the
/
a
volleyball,
play
the
chess,
play
the
table
tennis
由“专有名词
+
普通名词”构成的专有名词前不用定冠词。如:the
Beijing
Airport,
the
Oxford
Street,
the
Hyde
Park
在一些固定搭配中。如:at
the
first,
at
the
last,
the
most
of
us
most
作“非常”解时,前面用
the
是多余的。如:
Oh!
It’s
the
most
beautiful!
She
is
the
most
diligent.
少冠词
1.
This
is
so
important
meeting
that
everyone
must
attend
it.
2.
The
meeting
turned
out
to
be
failure.
3.
I
will
call
on
Greens
this
evening.
4.
In
1980’s,
many
farmers
rushed
into
the
cities
to
try
their
luck.
5.
She
is
more
beautiful
of
the
twins.
6.
Please
pass
me
pen
on
the
desk.
7.
I
found
a
notebook
and
pencil
when
the
door
opened.
8.
What
he
wanted
to
do
at
that
time
was
to
have
big
dinner.
9.
What
wonderful
time
you
had
at
the
party!
10.
We
went
to
Summer
Palace
yesterday.冠词模拟单句演练【参考答案】
(1)
nurse
前加
a,因
nurse
为可数名词。
(2)
such
后加
a,dinner
受形容词修饰时,其前通常要加不定冠词。
(3)
a
改为
an,因
umbrella
的读音以元音开头。
(4)
an
改为
a,因
European
的读音不是以元音开头。
(5)
physics
前加
a,因
teacher
为可数名词。
(6)
small
前加
a,因
village
为可数名词,在句中表泛指。
(7)
few
前加
a,因其前有
only
修饰,即习惯上说
only
a
few。
(8)
long
前加
a,a
long
time
意为“很长一段时间”。
(9)
a
改为
the,此处为特指用法。
(10)
第二个
A
改为
The,特指前面已提到的事物。
(11)
a
改为
the,因
same
前习惯上用定冠词,不用不定冠词。
(12)
去掉
the,在此
snow
为泛指用法。
(13)
wonderful
前加
a,因
have
a
wonderful
time
为习惯表达。
(14)
去掉
the,因
make
fun
of
为习语,意为“取笑”。
(15)
去掉
the,因
out
of
sight
为习语,意为“看不见”。
(16)
去掉
the,因
take
place为习语,意为“发生”。
(17)
the
改为
a,因
in
a
word
为习语,意为“总之”、“一句话”。
(18)
去掉
the,因
in
other
words
为习语,意为“换句话说”。
少冠词
解析:
1.
meeting
前加不定冠词a。
2.
failure
前加不定冠词a。当failure表具体所指时,应加a。
3.
Greens前加定冠词the。the
Greens表“格林一家”。
4.
1980’s前加定冠
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