专升本虚拟语气讲解课件

虚拟语气虚拟语气1IfIwereaboy,IthinkIcouldunderstandhowitfeelstoloveagirl.IfIwereaboy,IthinkIcou2历年考题07年17题单选，08年25题单选,09年21题单选，09年49题翻译，10年18题单选，10年47题翻译，11年22题单选，12年24题单选，13年单选。历年考题07年17题单选，3四种语气陈述语气.Herfiguremakesmefeelgreasy.祈使语气.Getout!疑问语气.Haveyouevereatenanydetergent?虚拟语气.IfIwereyou,Iwouldeatsomedetergent.四种语气陈述语气.Herfiguremakesme4定义：虚拟语气是以动词不同形式来体现说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义的一种语气。虚拟语气所表达的含义是客观不存在的，或不能实现的事情。定义：虚拟语气是以动词不同形式来体现说话人的一种愿望，假设，5虚拟语气1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的使用。（事态倒退）2.shoulddo形式的虚拟语气虚1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的使用。（事态倒退）2.sho6二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的使用。（事态倒退）1.区别真实条件状语从句和非真实条件状语从句。（1）.真实条件句：表达现实或可能变为现实的条件。Eg：IfIhavetime,IwillstudyGerman.(我确实有可能有时间，然后我就去学习德语。)二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的使用。（事态倒退）1.区别真实7Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。Ifitrains,wewillstopplaying.如果天下雨，我们就不玩了。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpy8（2）.非真实条件句：表达非现实或不可能变为现实的条件。Eg：IfIhadtime,IwouldstudyGerman.(我由于某些原因，而不可能有时间去学习德语，表达愿望。)Iwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier,ifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.如果没有堵车，我会到的早一点儿。IfIhadgottenthereearlier,Iwouldhave

mether.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）（2）.非真实条件句：表达非现实或不可能变为现实的条件。Eg92.表达形式2.表达形式10从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在虚拟did/wereWould/should/might/could+do过去虚拟HaddoneWould/should/might/could+havedone将来虚拟Did(were)ShouddoWeretodoWould/should/might/could+do从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在did/wereWou11examples现在虚拟条件句Ifallcandidatesweregirls,thebosswouldbeveryenthusiastic.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.examples现在虚拟条件句12曾经有一份真诚的爱情放在我面前，我没有珍惜，等我失去的时候我才后悔莫及，人世间最痛苦的事莫过于此。如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是……一万年！IfGodgavemeanotherchance,Iwouldsaythreewordstothegirl“ILOVEYOU”.曾经有一份真诚的爱情放在我面前，我没有珍惜，等我失去的时候我13从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在虚拟did/wereWould/should/might/could+do过去虚拟HaddoneWould/should/might/could+havedone将来虚拟Did(were)ShouddoWeretodoWould/should/might/could+do从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在did/wereWou14examples过去虚拟条件句Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.IfIhadgottenthereearlier,Iwouldhavemether.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.examples过去虚拟条件句15翻译如果你想死，那就找块豆腐吧。（用过去虚拟翻译）Ifyouhadwantedtodie,youcouldhavefoundapieceoftofu.翻译如果你想死，那就找块豆腐吧。（用过去虚拟翻译）16从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在虚拟did/wereWould/should/might/could+do过去虚拟HaddoneWould/should/might/could+havedone将来虚拟Did(were)ShouddoWeretodoWould/should/might/could+do从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在did/wereWou17examplesIfheshouldactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtalktohim.IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.IfsheweretobeherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.examplesIfheshouldactlike18did/wereWould/should/might/could+doHaddoneWould/should/might/could+havedoneDid(were)ShouddoWeretodoWould/should/might/could+doIfdid/wereWould/should/might/co193.错综时间条件句有些句子主句谓语（主句一般有明确的时间状语，或者从各自的动词形式可以看出）和从句谓语表示的动作在发生时间上不一致，这类句子我们成为“错综时间条件句”。Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.Ifhewerefree,wewouldhavesenthimtothemoonlastmonth.3.错综时间条件句有些句子主句谓语（主句一般有明确的时间状语20IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineernow.Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworld()morepeacefulnow.mightbeIfIhadworkedhardatschool21(10年47题翻译）Theywouldn’tbefeelingsotirediftheyhadn’tbeenwalkingforawholeday.要不是之前走了一天的路，她们现在不会这样疲倦。(10年47题翻译）Theywouldn’tbefee224.虚拟语气中的省略倒装如果在if等词引导非真实条件句中有情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had，可将if等词去掉，再将情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had提到句首。Ifallcandidatesweregirls,thebosswouldbeveryenthusiastic.Wereallcandidatesgirls,thebosswouldbeveryenthusiastic.4.虚拟语气中的省略倒装如果在if等词引导非真实条件句中有情23Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.Ifthewarshadnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.此句需不需要将not和had一起提前呢？Ifheshouldactlikethataga24注意如果情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had为否定形式，则只提前情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had，不提前not。Hadthewarsnotbrokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.注意如果情态动词should/系动词were/助动词had为25怎么变倒装？IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldquitthejob.HadIamilliondollars,Iwouldquitthejob.错错错错错错错错错错错错错错错错错错怎么变倒装？IfIhadamilliondolla26Have可以是实意动词，也可以是助动词。Have——>助动词，表“已经”，havedone。倒装是这种形式。Have——>实意动词，表“有”，have+sth。这种形式不能倒装。IfIhad

amillion

dollars,Iwouldquitthejob.这里这句话是对现在的虚拟，had是实意动词，不能省略倒装。Have可以是实意动词，也可以是助动词。27区别have用法的不同IfIhad

amilliondollars,Iwouldquitthejob.Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.IfSunWukonghadnogoldencudgel['kʌdʒ(ə)l],itwouldjustbeanordinarymonkey.Ifthewarshadnot

brokenout,theworldmighthavebeenmorepeaceful.区别have用法的不同IfIhadamillion285.含蓄条件句含蓄条件句中没有明确的虚拟条件句，而是用其它形式来暗示存在虚拟条件。（1）.时态和主句保持一致的词。如：butfor+词,otherwise+句子,without+词。5.含蓄条件句含蓄条件句中没有明确的虚拟条件句，而是用其它形29Eg：Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thave

finishedthework.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.Wedidn'tliketheparty,otherwisewewouldhave

attendedit.Eg：Butforyourhelp,wecould30（09年21题）Ididn’tknowhertelephonenumber,otherwiseI____her.A.telephonedB.hadtelephonedC.wastelephoningD.wouldhavetelephonedD（09年21题）Ididn’tknowhertele31(2).时态和从句保持一致的词。如：wish，wouldrather,wouldsooner,asif（需要主句）,asthough（需要主句）,ifonly等。表将来虚拟时用would/coulddo比shoulddo多。(2).时态和从句保持一致的词。如：wish，would32Ifonlyshedidn’tgetmarried.(现在虚拟)IfonlyErKang’snaresweresmaller.Iwishlivescouldbeinfinite.Iwouldrather/soonerthathewerealive.Helookedasif/thoughhehadbeenstruckbythelightning.Ifonlyshedidn’tgetmarried33（10年18题）Mr.Brainwisheshiswife____inAmericaforonemoremonth.A.couldstayB.isstayingC.staysD.hasstayedA（10年18题）Mr.Brainwisheshisw346.固定句型Itisthe/(the)high/(the)verytimethat+主语+did…Itwasthe/(the)high/(the)verytimethat+主语+haddone…Itisthetimethatwedismissedtheclass.Itwasthehightimethatwehad

dismissedtheclass.6.固定句型Itisthe/(the)high/(the35三、shoulddo形式的虚拟语气1.表命令，建议，要求，请求等词+从句(如：advice,decision,demand,desire,insistence,motion,necessity,order,preference,proposal,pray,recommendation,request,requirement,resolution,suggestion等。)三、shoulddo形式的虚拟语气1.表命令，建议，要求，36动词+宾语从句+（Should）do名词+同位语从句名词+be+表语从句Itis+形容词+that主语从句动词+宾语从句名词+同位语从句名词+be+表语从句It37examplesTheydemandedthattherighttovote(should)begiventoeveryadult.Wemadethesuggestionthathe(should)gobytrain.Iinsistedthathe(should)stay.Itwasdecidedthathe(should)go.examplesTheydemandedthatthe38(13年单选)suggesther选doing。很多人当成虚拟语气，选了shoulddo。这里的her是宾格，不是主格。所以注意！(13年单选)suggesther选doing。很多人当39（12年24题）Thedoctorsuggestedthathe____upsmokingimmediately.A.wouldgiveB.gaveC.giveD.givesc（12年24题）Thedoctorsuggestedt402.Itbe()+that+主语(should)doItis/was形容词表命令，建议，要求，请求等词的形容词形式+that+主语（should）doImportant，essential，necessary等表命令，建议，要求，请求等词的done形式名词（如：apity,nowonder,ashame,anurgency）2.Itbe()+that+主语(should)41Itwasdecidedthathe(should)go.Itisstrangethatsuchaperson（should）beourfriend.Itwasdecidedthathe(should42（07年17题）It’sessentialthattheapplicationforms___backbeforethedeadline.A.mustbeB.wouldbesentC.besentD.weresentC（07年17题）It’sessentialthatth43(08年25题)It’sessentialthattheapplicationforms___backassoonaspossible.A.mustbe