名词与名词化结构课件

名词化（nominalization）名词化主要指表示动作或状态的抽象名词，或起名词作用的非谓语动词一般由动词派生，也包括由形容词加后缀-ability,-ity,-ness等构成的名词可分为四大类：动作名词、名词性动名词、动名词和不定式名词化（nominalization）名词化主要指表示动作或1动作名词（actionnoun）anexaminationoftheobjectwithanordinarymicroscopethecombinationofhydrogenionswithchlorideionsinthesolutionRecoveryofdistillatesisalsoperformedinthevacuumunit.动作名词（actionnoun）anexaminatio2动词性名词（verbalnoun）theexaminingoftheobjectwithanordinarymicroscopethecombiningofhydrogenionswithchlorideionsinthesolutionTherecoveringofdistillatesisalsoperformedinthevacuumunit动词性名词（verbalnoun）theexaminin3动名词（gerund）examiningtheobjectwithanordinarymicroscopehydrogenions’combiningwithchlorideionsinthesolutionRecoveringdistillatesisalsoperformedinthevacuumunit.动名词（gerund）examiningtheobjec4不定式（infinitive）toexaminetheobjectwithordinarymicroscopeforhydrogenionstocombinewithchlorideionsinthesolutionThedistillatesneedtoberecoverednow.不定式（infinitive）toexaminethe5差异如果有逻辑主语，第一、二类名词的逻辑主语都跟在其后thecombinationofhydrogenionsthecombiningofhydrogenions第三、四类名词的逻辑主语提高前面

分词用名词或代词的所有格作逻辑主语hydrogenions’combining

不定式用for引出逻辑主语forhydrogenionstocombine

差异如果有逻辑主语，6差异动作名词actionn.动词性名词verbaln.动名词gerund不定式infinitiveexaminationcombinationtheexaminingthecombiningexaminingcombiningtoexaminetocombine动词性名词性差异动作名词动词性名词动名词不定式examinationth7名词化结构的用法1直接作句子的主语、宾语和表语名词化结构的用法1直接作句子的主语、宾语和表语8名词化结构的用法2用介词连接－作介词宾语Byopeningthevalves11and12,residualgasfromtheadsorber2flowsintotheevacuatedadsorber1.Whilethevalves11and12areopened,

名词化结构的用法2用介词连接－作介词宾语9名词化结构的用法2用介词连接－作介词宾语Themethodoftransfermetaltothework-piecedependsonthemagnitudeofthecurrent.themethodbywhichmetalstransferredtothework-piece名词化结构的用法2用介词连接－作介词宾语10名词化结构的用法2用介词连接－作介词宾语However,inthepresenceofair,surfaceoxidesmayformwithintheengine.ifairispresent名词化结构的用法2用介词连接－作介词宾语11名词化结构的用法3用中性动词（emptyword）过渡中性动词make,take,give,get,do,have等意义份量轻、接近中性动词的动词perform,achieve,obtain,carryout,establish,present等名词化结构的用法3用中性动词（emptyword）过渡12名词化结构的用法3用中性动词（emptyword）过渡主动语态：中性动词＋名词化结构＋介词短语Curvedrailsofferresistancetothemovementofthetrain.Curvedrailsresistthemovementofthetrain.offer只取句法作用，语义由名词化结构表示名词化结构的用法3用中性动词（emptyword）过渡13名词化结构的用法3用中性动词（emptyword）过渡被动语态：名词化结构（作主语）＋中性动词（被动语态）＋状语Tappingorremovingthemoltenironfromthefurnaceisdoneevery4or5hours.Themoltenironistappedorremovedfromthefurnaceevery4or5hours.名词化结构的用法3用中性动词（emptyword）过渡14名词化结构的用法Breakingupthelargermoleculesoftheheavierliquidsinthepetroleummixtureintothesmaller,lightermoleculesofgasolineiscarriedoutinhugerefinerytanksbycertainmaterialscalledcatalysts.AdetailedmodelofthephotodegradationwithTiO2ascatalystispresented.名词化结构的用法Breakingupthelarger15名词化结构的用法4与动词构成固定搭配动词(vt.)＋名词化结构动词(vi.)＋介词＋名词化结构名词化结构的用法4与动词构成固定搭配16名词化结构的用法4与动词构成固定搭配bearcomparisonwithbeararelationtocallattentiontocallintoactioncomeintocontactwithcomeintocollisionwithcometoperfectioncometoadecisiondrawadistinctionbetweenfindapplication(use)ingetintouchwithgetridof(from)giveeffecttogivecredittogooutofexistencehaveconsiderationforhaveanattractionforkeepintouchwithkeep…undercontrollayemphasis