山东省日照市莒县2019-2020学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精山东省日照市莒县2019-2020学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析2019-2020学年度上学期高二模块考试英语试题本试卷共四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟.注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0。5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的学校、姓名、座号、考生号、科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2。一、二部分选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.三、四部分必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上.第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1。Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A。Bringherablanket.B。Shutthewindows。C。Turndowntheheat.2。Whatmighttheboydoafterschool？A。Waitatschoolforhismother。B.Gototheparkwithhismother。C。PlayontheswingswithKatie。3Howdoesthewomanfeel？A。Angry.B。Happy.C。Nervous。4.Whathappenedtotheman?A。Hepaid10dollarsforashirt.B.Hegotashirtfromhisfriend。C。Heboughttheshirtatahigherprice.5。Wheredidthewomanputupthepainting？A.Inthebathroom.B.Inthebedroom。C。Inthelivingroom。第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whoistheman?A.Abaseballcoach.B。Abaseballplayer.C。Abaseballfan。7。Howmuchdidthewomanchargetheman？A。Fourdollars。B。Eightdollars。C。Tendollars。听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whycan'tJeremycutthewoman'shair？A。Heisnotatworktoday.B.Heiscuttingsomeoneelse’shair。C。Thewomandidn’tarriveontime。9。Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow？A.Ifshecanstayinthewaitingarea。B.IfLandoncancutherhairinstead。C。Ifsomeonewillcallherwhenit’sherturn。听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.10.Wheremightthespeakersbe？A。InAustralia。B.IntheUS。C。InNewZealand。11.Whenmighttheman’sdaughterreceivethepackage?A。Infourtofivedays.B.Intwoorthreeweeks.C.Inamonth.12。WhathappenedtothewomanduringChristmas？A。ShegotapackagefromAfrica.B。Shereceivedapackageoneweeklate.C。Shetriedtosendapresenttoherbrother.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A。Theyarecolleaguesnow.B。Theygraduatedfromthesamecollege。C。Theyusedtobechildhoodfriends。14。WhatdoesthewomansayaboutHawaii?A.It’shardtofindajobthere。B.Peopletherearefriendly.C。Theweatherthereisnice.15.Wheredoesthemanlive？A.Inhisparents’house.B。Inanapartment。C.Intheschooldormitory。16。Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoforwork?A.Workinthefashionindustry.B.KeepworkingforGoogle.C.Studythebrain.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkisthemostvaluablepartofthetour?A.Tellingstoriesaboutclasses.B.Gettingtoknowthecollegeasawhole.C。Learningdetailedfactsaboutthestudentcenter。18。Whatdoesthemansuggestaboutthelibrary？A。Foodissoldthere。B。Itisonlypopularforstudying。C。Therulesarenotverystrictthere。19.Whendoesthestudentcentercloseonweekendnights?A。Attwoo’clockinthemorning.B。Attwelveo'clockatnight.C。Atteno’clockatnight。20。Whatwillthemanprobablydiscussnext?A。Famousprofessors。B。Gymcost.C.Sportsteams.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGrandCanyonNationalParkGrandCanyonNationalParkislocatedentirelyinnorthernArizona，whichtakesup277milesoftheColoradoRiverandnearbyuplands.ItbecameaNationalParkonFeb26，1919andwasmadeaWorldHeritageSitein1979.GrandCanyonHotels，LodgingandCampingTheSouthRim（边缘)hasquiteacollectionoflodgesandhotelsintheParkandthereisalsoalargecampgroundattheMatherCampground(openyear-round）andtheDesertViewCampground,（openfrommid-Maythroughmid-October）.InthetownofTusayan,justoutsidethesouthentrancestation，aretheGrandCanyonSquireInn,theGrandHotel，etc.OntheNorthRim，theGrandCanyonLodgeistheonlylodginginsidetheGrandCanyonNationalPark.TheNorthRimalsoclosesinwinterwhensnowsblocktheroads。TheNorthRimCampgroundisopenfrommid—Maytomid-October。ActivitiesandParkUseintheGrandCanyonThecanyonmaybeviewedfromtherimatanumberofoverlooksalongDesertViewDriveandHermitRoad(closedtoprivatevehiclesduringshuttlebusseason,whenitmaybeaccessedbyfreeparkshuttles).VisitorsmayalsohikealongtherimontheRimTrailorbelowtherimonanumberofinnercanyontrails.AllhikingatGrandCanyonneedsgreateffortandenergy。TheparkoffersavarietyofactivitiesattheGrandCanyonincludinghelicoptertours,jeeptours,trainridesandplaneflightsthroughouttheyear.ClimateofGrandCanyonNationalParkTheSouthRimis7000feetabovesealevel，whichmeanssnowinwinterandcoolnightseveninsummer.SummertemperaturesalongtheColoradoRiveratthecanyonbottomcanreach120F.TheNorthRimis8000feetabovesealevelandcanreceivesnowthroughoutmostoftheyear。Theweatherisparticularlychangeableinthespringandfall；visitorsshouldbepreparedforavarietyofclimates。VisitorTotalstotheGrandCanyonThereareoverfivemillionvisitorsperyear。PeakseasonrunsfromAprilthroughOctober;winterholidayweekendsarecrowded。Summersareextremelycrowded。1.WhichplacewillpeoplechooseiftheywanttospendanightinsidetheParkinDecember?A。MatherCampground。 B.TheGrandHotel。C.TheGrandCanyonSquireInn. D。TheNorthRimCampground。2.Whatwouldyoudoifyouwanttochallengeyourself?A.Driveinthecanyon。 B.Hikealongtherim.C.Makehelicoptertours. D。Taketrainrides。3.Fromthepassagewelearnthat。A.winterpresentsthebestviewforvisitorsB.freeparkshuttlesareaccessibleallyearroundC.avoidingvisitingtheParkinsummerincaseofbigcrowdsD.eachseasonintheGrandCanyonParkseemslikespring.【答案】1.A2。B3.C【解析】这是一篇应用文.文章向读者讲述了大峡谷国家公园旅游事宜。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“TheSouthRim(边缘)hasquiteacollectionoflodgesandhotelsintheParkandthereisalsoalargecampgroundattheMatherCampground（openyear-round）andtheDesertViewCampground，（openfrommid-Maythroughmid-October)。”（在公园内南部边缘有许多旅馆和旅馆，马瑟营地（全年开放）和沙漠景观营地(5月中旬至10月中旬开放）也有一个大型露营地.），可知马瑟营地是全年开放的,如果人们想在十二月在公园里过夜，可选择MatherCampground。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“VisitorsmayalsohikealongtherimontheRimTrailorbelowtherimonanumberofinnercanyontrails.AllhikingatGrandCanyonneedsgreateffortandenergy。”（游客也可以沿着边缘小径的边缘或边缘以下的一些内部峡谷小径徒步旅行.在大峡谷徒步旅行需要极大的努力和精力.），可知如果你想挑战自己,可选择沿着边缘远足来挑战一下自己的耐力。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“Thereareoverfivemillionvisitorsperyear。PeakseasonrunsfromAprilthroughOctober；winterholidayweekendsarecrowded。Summersareextremelycrowded。”（每年有五百万游客.旺季从四月到十月;寒假周末人满为患。夏天非常拥挤。），可知夏季人多，从这篇文章可得出夏天要避免去公园，以防人潮太多。故选C项。BEnterNickSpigler’sroomandyou’llfindthedelicatenestofatreeswallowandrowsofbooksaboutbirds.Clearly,this16—year-oldboyhashisheadinthecloudsandhisfeetofftheground.Severaltimesaweek，EllieAndreen,15,visitsaparknearherhometocheckonherlittlefamily。Theboxessheplacedtherelastwinterhaveproducedseveralbabiesofbluebirds,whichElliefussesoverlikeamotherhen。Theseyoungbird—watchersarenottheonlyyoungsterswhoenjoybirdingintheUnitedStatescountyofHarford,Maryland。Localschoolsthereofferprogramsinornithology（鸟类学)，evenifsomekidscan’tyetspelltheword。BothNickandEllietookupbirdingearlyon。TheycallthemselvestheEarlyBirds,FeatheredFriendsorBirdBuddies.Onceamonth,theyjoingroupsof20to30studentstowalkthroughnearbyfieldsbeforeclassat7：30am，hopingtospotawoodpeckerororiole(黄鹂)withbinoculars。“Beingpartofthebirdclubsincesecondgrademadeitseemmorecommonthanjustsomestrangehobby,”Nicksaid.“Ihadtogetupat6:30amforthewalks.Thatwasforthebirds,soIdidn’tmind。"Sincethen,hehasattendedbirdcamps,studiedbirdhabitsandmigratorypatterns，andpersonallyseen190ofthemorethan400speciesinMaryland。Raisingyouthawarenessisamust,longtimebirderssay。MaryMurray，65,aleadingmemberoftheHarfordBirdClub,said,“ThesechildrenaregoingtoinheritEarth，andweneedtoteachthemearlyhowtotakecareofit。Birdsareanindicatorspecies,likecanaries(金丝雀)inacoalmine，andifkidspayattentiontowhatbirdsaredoing，theywillunderstandthehealthoftheirenvironment.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fussesover"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Looksat。 B.Fightswith.C.Playswith. D.Givesattentionto.5。Whatdoweknowaboutbird—watchinginHarfordCounty？A。Itisconsideredastrangebutcoolhobby。B.Itinterestsmorelocalyoungpeoplethanadults.C.Ornithologyclasseshavehelpedmakeitpopular.D。Studentsmustpassabird—watchingclassatschool。6。WhatdoesMaryMurraythinkbirdingmeansforchildren？A.Itwillallowthemtoknowmoreaboutdifferentspecies。B.Itwillimprovetheirunderstandingoftheirenvironment.C。Itwillteachthemhowtoappreciatenon—birdspecies.D.Itwillraisetheirawarenessofteamwork.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A。Birdprotectionisinaction B.BirdcampsinMarylandC.Howtotakecareofbirds？ D。NickSpigler’sbluebirdboxes【答案】4。D5.C6。B7.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了,HarfordCounty的Nick和Ellie的观鸟故事。【4题详解】短语猜测题。由第一段中的“Severaltimesaweek,EllieAndreen,15,visitsaparknearherhometocheckonherlittlefamily。Theboxessheplacedtherelastwinterhaveproducedseveralbabiesofbluebirds,whichElliefussesoverlikeamotherhen."(15岁的EllieAndreen每周都会去她家附近的一个公园看望她的小家庭。去年冬天她放在那里的盒子里产下了几只蓝鸲宝宝，Ellie像母鸡一样对它们大惊小怪.）可知Ellie在树上的盒子里有几只蓝鸲宝宝，她像母鸡一样,说明她对蓝鸲宝宝很关注,fussesover在此处意为“Givesattentionto(关注）”.故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Localschoolsthereofferprogramsinornithology（鸟类学），evenifsomekidscan’tyetspelltheword。”(当地的学校提供鸟类学课程，即使有些孩子还不会拼写单词。）第三段中的“Onceamonth,theyjoingroupsof20to30studentstowalkthroughnearbyfieldsbeforeclassat7:30am，hopingtospotawoodpeckerororiole(黄鹂）withbinoculars。"(每月一次，他们会在早上7:30上课前加入20到30名学生的小组，在附近的田野里散步，希望能用望远镜发现啄木鸟或黄鹂。)第四段中的““Beingpartofthebirdclubsincesecondgrademadeitseemmorecommonthanjustsomestrangehobby,”Nicksaid."（尼克说:“从二年级起就加入了鸟类俱乐部,这比一些奇怪的爱好更常见。”）和第五段“Sincethen，hehasattendedbirdcamps,studiedbirdhabitsandmigratorypatterns，andpersonallyseen190ofthemorethan400speciesinMaryland。”（从那时起，他参加了鸟类营地，研究了鸟类的习性和迁徙模式，并亲自在马里兰州看到了400多种鸟类中的190种。）,可推断出HarfordCounty的鸟类学课程，让孩子对鸟类感兴趣，也促进了鸟类学课程的流行。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题.由最后一段中的“MaryMurray,65,aleadingmemberoftheHarfordBirdClub,said,“ThesechildrenaregoingtoinheritEarth，andweneedtoteachthemearlyhowtotakecareofit。Birdsareanindicatorspecies,likecanaries(金丝雀)inacoalmine,andifkidspayattentiontowhatbirdsaredoing,theywillunderstandthehealthoftheirenvironment.””（65岁的玛丽·默里是Harford鸟类俱乐部的主要成员，她说：“这些孩子将要继承地球，我们需要尽早教会他们如何照顾地球.鸟类是一种指示物种，就像煤矿里的金丝雀一样,如果孩子们注意到鸟类的行为，他们就会了解环境的健康状况.”）可推断出玛丽·默里认为观鸟可以提高孩子们对环境的了解。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。前面五段都在讲“HarfordCounty的Nick和Ellie的观鸟故事"，由最后一段“Raisingyouthawarenessisamust,longtimebirderssay.MaryMurray,65,aleadingmemberoftheHarfordBirdClub,said,“ThesechildrenaregoingtoinheritEarth，andweneedtoteachthemearlyhowtotakecareofit.Birdsareanindicatorspecies,likecanaries(金丝雀）inacoalmine，andifkidspayattentiontowhatbirdsaredoing，theywillunderstandthehealthoftheirenvironment。”"（长期观鸟的人说，提高青少年的意识是必须的。65岁的玛丽·默里是Harford鸟类俱乐部的主要成员，她说：“这些孩子将要继承地球，我们需要尽早教会他们如何照顾地球.鸟类是一种指示物种，就像煤矿里的金丝雀一样，如果孩子们注意到鸟类的行为，他们就会了解环境的健康状况。”)可知本文主要是想通过HarfordCounty的观鸟故事，告诉读者,观鸟有助于提高环境保护意识，让人们行动起来保护鸟类，A项“鸟类保护正在行动”符合文意。故选A项。CIfyou'relookingforEuropeanculture，therearefewbetterplacestovisitthanSwitzerland.KnownasthemeltingpotofEurope,itcombinestheculturesofEuropewithextremebeautyandfantasticfood。Switzerland'scultureisacombinationofneighboringstates:France,Germany,andItaly.Theresultisamultilingualcountry,aseasternSwitzerlandspeaksFrench,thesouthernpartspeaksItalianandtherestspeaksGerman.Likethelanguage，thecuisineisalsoquitedifferentbyregion.IfyouvisitcitieslikeGeneva,you’llfindtraditionalFrenchdisheslikefondueandraclette，meltedSwisscheeseservedoverbreadorpotatoes。Meanwhile，inGerman—speakingregions，likeZurich，you’llfindRosti,atypicalsidedishmadefromfriedpotatoes。However,ifthere’sonethingthatunitestheSwissandtherestoftheworld，it’stheirloveofchocolate。Swisschocolatefactoriesare“themostluxuriousintheworld”。UStravelbloggerSarahSchmalbruchwroteonBusinessInsiderthatfamousbrands，likeLindt，arebasedinthecountry。VisitorstoSwitzerlandcanenjoytastingchocolates，andeventakeclassesfrommasterchocolatemakers.Asidefromthewidevarietyoffoodonoffer，Switzerlandalsooffersthrills。TheSwissAlpsofferyear—roundskiingandmountainclimbingwithlocalexperts。Besides,youcanvisitthebeautifulMatterhorn，knownforitsdistinctivepyramidshapeandsnow-cappedpeak.Standingataheightofmorethan4，400meters，itisthemostpicturedmountainintheworld，accordingtoSmithsonianmagazine.Butifcitycultureismoreyourthing,you'llfindalargegroupofmuseumsandartgalleries,nottomentiontheworld’slargestteddybearmuseuminBasel。EventhelargestSwisscitiestendtobelaidback（悠闲自在的）,butwithmanyexcitingactivitiesandculturalsites,Switzerlandisperfectforeverytaste.Afterall，whereelseinEuropeoffersyouthecultureoffourdifferentcountries?8。TheauthorpresentsSwitzerlandasamulti—culturalcountrybyintroducingits。A。architectureandfood B.languagesandfoodC.festivalsandarchitecture D.costumesandfestivals9。WhydoestheauthormentionSarahSchmalbruch’swords？A。TostressthepopularityofSwisschocolates.B.ToproveSwisschocolatesaredifficulttomake.C。ToshowhowdeliciousSwisschocolatesare。D.ToshowthehistoryofSwisschocolates。10.WhatcanyoufindinSwitzerland？A。Thelargestartgallery. B。Thesafestskiinglocation。C.Themostpicturedmountain. D.Theoldestteddybearmuseum。11。Theauthorwrotethearticlemainlyto。A。discussSwitzerland’shistoryandcultureB。giveadvicetovisitorstoSwitzerlandC。recommendsomefamousplacestopeopleD.introducewhattouristscanenjoyinSwitzerland【答案】8.B9。A10.C11。D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章简单地向读者介绍了游客在瑞士可以享受什么。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“KnownasthemeltingpotofEurope,itcombinestheculturesofEuropewithextremebeautyandfantasticfood。"(它被称为欧洲的大熔炉，它将欧洲的文化与令人惊叹的美丽和美味的食物结合在一起。)第二段“Switzerland’scultureisacombinationofneighboringstates：France,Germany,andItaly.Theresultisamultilingualcountry，aseasternSwitzerlandspeaksFrench，thesouthernpartspeaksItalianandtherestspeaksGerman.”（瑞士的文化是由法国、德国和意大利等邻国组成的。其结果是一个多语种国家，因为瑞士东部讲法语,南部地区讲意大利语，其余地区讲德语。）和第三段中的“Likethelanguage，thecuisineisalsoquitedifferentbyregion.”（和语言一样，不同地区的菜肴也大不相同。），可知本文通过语言与食物介绍瑞士是一个多元文化国家。故选B项.【9题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中的“Swisschocolatefactoriesare“themostluxuriousintheworld".UStravelbloggerSarahSchmalbruchwroteonBusinessInsiderthatfamousbrands，likeLindt，arebasedinthecountry。"（瑞士巧克力工厂是“世界上最豪华的”.美国旅游博客SarahSchmalbruch在《商业内幕》上写道，像Lindt这样的知名品牌都设在美国。）可推断出作者提到SarahSchmalbruch的话是为了强调瑞士巧克力的流行。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第五段中的“Besides,youcanvisitthebeautifulMatterhorn，knownforitsdistinctivepyramidshapeandsnow—cappedpeak。Standingataheightofmorethan4，400meters，itisthemostpicturedmountainintheworld,accordingtoSmithsonianmagazine.”(此外,您还可以参观美丽的马特宏峰，它以其独特的金字塔形状和白雪皑皑的山峰而闻名。据《史密森学会》杂志报道，这座山海拔4400多米，是世界上照片最多的山。）可知马特宏峰形状独特，景色美丽,关于它的照片很多，说明这座山很引人注目,因此在瑞士你能找到最引人注目的山。故选C项.【11题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“Ifyou’relookingforEuropeanculture，therearefewbetterplacestovisitthanSwitzerland.”（如果你在寻找欧洲文化，没有比瑞士更好的地方了.）第三段中的“Likethelanguage，thecuisineisalsoquitedifferentbyregion。”（和语言一样，不同地区的菜肴也大不相同。)第四段中的“However,ifthere’sonethingthatunitestheSwissandtherestoftheworld，it’stheirloveofchocolate.”（然而，如果说有一件事能让瑞士人和世界其他地方团结起来，那就是他们对巧克力的热爱。）第五段中的“Asidefromthewidevarietyoffoodonoffer,Switzerlandalsooffersthrills."（除了种类繁多的食物外,瑞士也提供刺激。）和第六段“Butifcitycultureismoreyourthing,you’llfindalargegroupofmuseumsandartgalleries,nottomentiontheworld’slargestteddybearmuseuminBasel.”（但如果城市文化更适合你,你会发现一大批博物馆和美术馆，更不用说巴塞尔世界上最大的泰迪熊博物馆了。）可推断出本文主要介绍游客在瑞士可以享受什么。故选D项。DHaveyoueversaidtoafriend“Thatrose’ssmellisreallysweet!”onlytofindthatyourfriendcan’tsmellanythingatall?AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalPNASinMay,peoplehavedifferentabilitiestorecognizecertainodors（气味）—andit’slinkedtodifferentgenes.Forthestudy，300peoplewereplacedamong150jarswithdifferentodors。Atagiventime，theyhadtosmellanodorandthenratetheintensity（强度)andpleasantnessoftheodoronascalefrom1(extremelyweak/unpleasant)to7（extremelystrong/pleasant).Beforetheyleft,theparticipantsneededtoleaveabloodsample。Aftercomparinggenesoftheparticipants，researchersfoundallhaddifferentsmellingabilitiesandthatthedifferencesbetweentheseabilitiescouldbetracedtocertaingenes.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes，humanbeingshavenearly400genesthatdirectlycontrolreceptors（器官)andinfluencethewaythesereceptorsbecomeactive.“Odors..。turnonspecificreceptors,whichthentellsusifwe’resmellingaflower，howstrongwefindit，andwhetherwelikeit,"saidCaseyTrimmer，ageneticistandtheleadauthorofthestudy.“Onesmallchangeinthegeneforthereceptorcanchangeitsshapeandhowwelltheodorfits,therebychangingtheawarenessoftheodor."Thoughgenesplayadecisiveroleinourabilitytosmell,otherfactors,includingattention,pastassociationsandexpectations,areimportantaswell。Forexample，ifwelovethesmellofroses,wearedrawntotheirsmellandpayspecialattentiontoit.Butwhatdoesourdifferentabilitiestosenseodorsmean?“Smellingisthemostimportantsensefortherestoftheanimalkingdom，”saidTrimmer。Although，unlikeotheranimals，humansaren'tanylongerdependentontheirsenseofsmelltofindfoodordetectdanger,smellisstillasignificantsense。ThereisalsoevidencethatareducedsenseofsmellisanearlysymptomofAlzheimer’sdisease.12。Whatdidthestudyfindaboutsmelling?A.Menandwomenhavedifferentsmellingabilities.B。Differencesbetweensmellingabilitieslieingenes.C。People'sabilitiestosmellchangeovertime。D。Humanbeingscantell150odorsapart.13。WhatcanwelearnfromCaseyTrimmer'swords?A。Ourreceptorswon’tworkwhenwesmellanunpleasantsmell.B。People’spreferencesforsmellscanaffecttheirhealth.C.Smallchangesingenesforsmellingmakeadifference。D。Thesenseofsmellisthemostimportanthumansense.14。Whichmightinfluenceoursmellingabilityaccordingtothetext?A。Pastexperiences。 B。Theenvironment.C.Othersenses。 D.Theculturalbelief.15。Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph？A.Manhasabettersenseofsmellthananimals.B。Mancanusetheirsenseofsmelltodetectdanger。C.Thelossofsmellingcausesmanyhealthproblems.D。Poorsmellingabilitymaybeasignalofearlydisease.【答案】12.B13。C14。A15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文.文章讲述了，一项研究表明：人们对某些气味的识别能力不同，与不同的基因有关。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第四段“Aftercomparinggenesoftheparticipants，researchersfoundallhaddifferentsmellingabilitiesandthatthedifferencesbetweentheseabilitiescouldbetracedtocertaingenes.”（研究人员通过比较参与者的基因后发现,所有人都有不同的嗅觉能力,这些能力之间的差异可以追溯到某些基因上.)，可知研究发现嗅觉能力的差异在于基因。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第六段中的“Onesmallchangeinthegeneforthereceptorcanchangeitsshapeandhowwelltheodorfits，therebychangingtheawarenessoftheodor.”（受体基因的一个微小变化就可以改变它的形状和气味的适应程度，从而改变对气味的认识），从凯西·特里默的话中可知嗅觉基因的微小变化会产生不同.故选C项.【14题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“Thoughgenesplayadecisiveroleinourabilitytosmell,otherfactors，includingattention，pastassociationsandexpectations,areimportantaswell.”（虽然基因对我们嗅觉的能力起着决定性的作用，但其他因素，包括注意力、过去的联系和期望，也很重要.），可知注意力、过去的经历和期望也可能会影响我们的嗅觉能力.故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“ThereisalsoevidencethatareducedsenseofsmellisanearlysymptomofAlzheimer’sdisease."（还有证据表明嗅觉减退是老年痴呆症的早期症状.），可推断出嗅觉能力差可能是早期疾病的信号。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisknowntousthateveryyearofhighschoolisatoughandbusytime。___16___Weallknowthatnotgettingenoughsleepisnotgoodforourhealth,butithasbeenfoundthatlesssleepcouldevencauseustohavefewerfriends。AccordingtoresearchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia，peoplewhodon'tgetenoughsleeparelesswillingtosocializewithothers.___17___Theresearcherscarriedoutasmallstudy.Theytested18youngparticipantswhohadjusthadagoodnight’ssleep，andtestedthemagainafterasleeplessnight。___18___Wheneachpersononthevideogottoo“close”，theycouldchoosetostopthevideo。Theresultsshowedthattheparticipantskepteachpersonatadistanceof60percentfurtherbackiftheyhadn'tgottenenoughsleep。___19___Butwhentheparticipantsgotagoodnight’ssleep,theyallowedthepersontogetmuchclosertothem.AccordingtoleadresearcherMatthewWalker,thelesssleepyouget，thelessyouwanttosocializewithothers。Inturn,otherpeoplemaythinkyou’restrangeandstayawayfromyou.___20___Soifyouwanttobeamoresociableandpopularperson，sleepingwellmighthelp.“Onenightofgoodsleepmakesyoufeelmoreoutgoingandsociallyconfident,”Walkersaid.A.Theyaresimplytootiredtogoout。B。Toolittlesleepmakesusgetsickeasily.C.Youmayhavetroublegettingenoughsleep。D。Herearesometipstohelpyoubeatyoursleepproblems.E.Theyfeltthattheirpersonalspacewasbeingtakenover。F。Thiscanmakeyoufeellonelyandcauseyoutosleepevenless.G.Theparticipantswatchedvideosofpeoplewalkingtowardthem.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19。E20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了,一项研究表明:睡眠不足的人更不愿意与他人交往。【16题详解】由上一句“我们都知道,高中的每一年都是一段艰难而忙碌的时光."和下一句“我们都知道睡眠不足对我们的健康不利,但人们发现睡眠不足甚至会导致我们的朋友减少."可知,高中艰难而忙碌，学生们无法获得足够的睡眠,睡眠不足对身体不好，还影响交友，承接上下文，C选项“可能无法获得足够的睡眠。"切题；该选项中的havetroublegettingenoughsleep对应下文中的notgettingenoughsleep。故选C项.【17题详解】由上一句“据加州大学的研究人员称，睡眠不足的人更不愿意与他人交往。”可知，承接上文,A选项“他们实在太累了，以至于不想出去。”切题;上下两句具有因果逻辑关系，因为睡眠不足，累的不愿出门,只想睡觉，所以不愿意与他人交往。故选A项.【18题详解】由下一句“视频中的每个人都太“接近”时,他们可以选择停止视频。”可知,承接下文，G选项“参与者观看了人们走向他们的视频。”切题；该选项中的videosofpeoplewalkingtowardthem对应下文中的eachpersononthevideogottoo“close”。故选G项。【19题详解】由上一句“结果显示，如果没有足够的睡眠，参与者会让每个人保持60％的距离。"可知，保持60%的距离，说明私人空间被占去了许多，承接上文,E选项“他们觉得他们的私人空间被占去了。”切题。故选E项。【20题详解】由上两句“根据首席研究员马修·沃克的说法，睡眠越少，你就越不想和别人交往。反过来,别人可能会觉得你很奇怪，离你远远的。”可知,别人离你远远的,你会感到孤独，承接上文，F选项“这会让你感到孤独,让你睡得更少。”切题。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分40分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TenyearsagoIwasvisitingCostaRicawhenIfoundIwasinabadsituation。IonlyknewbasicSpanish,andtheonly___21___IhadweresomecoinsandareturntickettoGuatemalaintwoweeks.Withthecoins，ImanagedtoarriveatSantaRosabybus.Itwas___22___inthemiddleofthenight,butIcouldseesome___23___inthedistance，soI___24___towardthem.Iwent___25___doortodoor,explainingmysituation。“Ican____26____andcleanandlookafteryourkids，Icandoanything,canyougivemea___27___?”Everybodyrepliedsaying“Ohmygosh，butweareso___28___。Wehavenoextrafood。Maybeyoucantrythenext___29___。”Finally，IarrivedataChineserestaurant,theownerofwhichwasunbelievably____30____。Shetoldmethathersonhada(n)____31____experience。Atthattime,someotherpeoplewereverykindtohim，andsherememberedhow____32____thatmadeherfeel.ShecalledtheRedCrossto____33____me。Withtheirhelp，Ispentmy____34____daysinCostaRica.I’ve____35____allovertheworld。Butthiswasoneofthebesttrips,thebesttwo_____36_____Ieverhadinmytravelinglife.Atfirst，Ifelt____37____andstupidfornottravelingwithaclearplan.ButthenIrealizedthatwhenyou'reinapositiontobeableto____38____,itactuallymakespeoplefeelhappier。Beingabletoreceivekindnessisa____39____forotherpeopleaswell。Andkindness____40____morekindnessinsmallripples(涟漪）.21.A.tools B.records C.choices D。things22。A。busy B。hot C。dark D.cold23.A。stores B.houses C。bookshops D。bus—stops24A。walked B.fled C.wandered D。jumped25.A.hitting B。knocking C。answering D.kicking26.A.cook B.fish C。swim D。fight27.A。coffee B.bed C。tip D。job28.A.unlucky B。poor C。ordinary D.hard29。A。company B。factory C。family D.restaurant30。A。kind B。polite C。honest D。easygoing31。A。relaxing B.different C.similar D.pleasant32。A。tough B。grateful C。terrible D。warm33.A。seize B.check C.find D.rescue34.A.remaining B。passing C.rewarding D。exciting35。A.surveyed B.driven C.traveled D。studied36。A.days B.weeks C.months D.years37.A。ashamed B。optimistic C.fortunate D.curious38。A。offer B。help C.receive D。repay39。A。talent B。gift C.chance D。character40。A.proves B.reflects C。forces D.inspires【答案】21。D22.C23。B24.A25.B26。A27。D28。B29。C30。A31.C32。B33。D34.A35。C36。B37。A38.C39.B40.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文.文章讲述了,作者十年前去哥斯达黎加旅游时发现自己处境很糟糕，后来一个中国饭店老板帮助了他。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只懂基本的西班牙语,我仅有的东西是一些硬币和两周后回危地马拉的机票。A.tools工具;B。records记录；C。choices选择；D。things东西.由下文的IhadweresomecoinsandareturntickettoGuatemalaintwoweeks可知,这是作者唯一拥有的东西。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看见远处的一些房子，所以我朝它们走去。A。busy繁忙的;B.hot热的；C.dark黑暗的；D。cold寒冷的。由下文的inthemiddleofthenight可知，半夜天黑。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看见远处的一些房子，所以我朝它们走去。A。stores商店;B。houses房子;C。bookshops书店；D。bus-stops公交站.由下文的Iwent___5___doortodoor可知，作者看到了远处的一些房子。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看见远处的一些房子，所以我朝它们走去。A.walked走路；B。fled逃跑;C.wandered闲逛;D。jumped跳。由下文的Iwent___5___doortodoor可知，作者朝房子走去，挨家挨户敲门。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挨家挨户地敲门，解释我的处境。A.hitting打击；B.knocking敲；C.answering回答；D.kicking踢。由本处语境可知，此处指作者挨家挨户敲门。故选B项.【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我会做饭、打扫卫生、照顾你的孩子，我什么都能做，你能给我一份工作吗？A.cook做饭；B。fish钓鱼；C.swim游泳;D.fight打架。由下文的andcleanandlookafteryourkids可知，此处指作者会做饭、打扫卫生、照顾孩子。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会做饭、打扫卫生、照顾你的孩子，我什么都能做，你能给我一份工作吗?A。coffee咖啡；B。bed床；C.tip提示；D。job工作.由上文语境可知，作者现在只有几个硬币，他想通过付出劳动找一份工作赚钱。