2022-2023学年湖北省恩施州高中教育联盟高一下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版无听力音频无听力原文）

第第页2022-2023学年湖北省恩施州高中教育联盟高一下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版，无听力音频无听力原文）恩施州高中教育联盟2023年春季学期高一年级期末考试

英语

考试满分：150分考试用时：120分钟

★祝考试顺利★

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Brotherandsister.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace

A.Inabank.B.Inarestaurant.C.Ataticketoffice.

3.Whenwillthemanmeethislawyer

A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.

4.Whatdoesthemanmean

A.Thewomanislying.

BThewomanisalwayslateforschool.

C.Thewomanshouldlookafterhermother.

5.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext

A.Tellthemanheraddress.

BTakethepackagewithher.

C.Deliverherpackagebyherself.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhatisJimgoodat

A.Comfortingothers.B.Fixingcomputers.C.Solvingmathproblems.

7.Howwillthewomandealwithherlaptop

A.Haveitrepaired.

B.Sellittotheman.

C.Replaceitwithanewone.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatisthemandoing

A.Reportingnews.B.Hostingaprogram.C.Interviewingthewoman.

9.WhydidthewomangotoArgentinathreeyearsago

A.Togoonatrip.B.Tocoverpoliticalstories.C.Tovisitherfamily.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whatdoesthemando

A.He’sareporter.B.He’satouristguide.C.He’sateacher.

11.WhichforeignlanguagecanBettyspeak

A.Spanish.B.German.C.Japanese.

12.WhatdoesBettyconsiderthemosthelpfulinlearningforeignlanguages

A.WatchingTV.B.Travel.C.Listeningtotheradio.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A.HowtogotoGeorgia.

B.Howtogototheairport.

C.Howtogotothecountryside.

14.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftakingaflight

A.Interesting.B.Expensive.C.Convenient.

15.Whydoesthewomandisagreetotakeabus

A.Shethinksit’sdangerous.

B.Shethinksit’stiring.

C.Shethinksit’suncomfortable.

16.Howwillthespeakersprobablygototheirdestination

A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Howdidthespeakerfeelwhenwakingup

A.Excited.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.

18.Whendidtheheadmastergivethespeech

A.At9:10am.B.At8:30am.C.At8:00am.

19.Whathappenedtoaswimmerinthe100-meterfreestyle

A.Sheforgothermark.

B.Shehadapaininherleg.

C.Shedivedintothepooltooearly.

20.Howmanypointsdidthespeaker’steamget

A.47.B.53.C.100.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Itcanbereallyhardtolearnalanguagewellwithoutlivinginacountryfullofnativespeakers!Youhavetofindsomethinginteresting!Here’sthesolution:TVseries.

GameofThrones

Youshouldreallystartwatchingit.Thelanguageisbeautifulandeasytounderstand.Drama,loveandgoodcharactersmarktheshowandthereareactorsfromallaroundtheworld.Youwon’tknowwhat’sgoingtohappenattheending.Thisisamust-see!

Sherlock

ABritishmasterpiece.IsthereanylanguagelearnerwhohasnotheardofSherlockHolmesandhisfriendJohnWatsonThewritersplacedthestoriesintoLondoninthe21stcentury,soit’sbasicallyamodernversionoftheoriginalstories.HereyouhaveeverythingthatanEnglishlanguagelearnercouldwishfor:Britishaccents,goodacting,longandinterestingconversationswithalotofhumour.

Friends

EverybodyknowsFriends,whichcouldn’tbemissedoffofthislist.Withmanydifferentaccentstobeheardandlotsofdialects,thisistheperfectshowforEnglishlearners.Theplotisrelativelysimpletounderstand.Sixfriendsbattlewithtoughjobs,complicatedrelation-shipsandlifeinManhattan,NewYork.InpartsoftheshowtherearealsoBritishaccentstolistentoandlearn.

HowIMetYourMother

Itisoneofthemostsuccessfulsituationcomedies(情景喜剧)intheUnitedStates,attractingtheaudienceallaroundtheworld.It’saboutthelifeoffivefriendsthatliveinNewYork,focusingontheirworkandtheirfavoritefreetimeactivity:sittingintheirfavoritebar.YougettoknowmanymodernAmericanexpressionsandcanenjoyalotofdialectsthatmaketheshowevenmoreinteresting.

1.Whichofthefollowinghasanunexpectedending

A.Friends.B.GameofThrones.

C.Sherlock.D.HowIMetYourMother.

2.WhatcanaudiencelearnfrombothSherlockandFriends

A.Americandialects.B.Humorousconversations.

C.Britishaccents.D.Wonderfulperformances.

3.WhatdoweknowaboutHowIMetYourMother

A.ItisaboutfiveAmericanstudents.

B.Therearemanyformalexpressionsintheshow.

C.It’sthemostsuccessfulsituationcomedyintheUS.

D.It’spopularamongaudiencefromallovertheworld.

【答案】1.B2.C3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几部可以帮助人们学习外语的电视剧。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据GameofThrones部分“Youwon’tknowwhat’sgoingtohappenattheending.(你不知道结局会发生什么)”可知，GameofThrones的结局是无法预料的。故选B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Sherlock部分“HereyouhaveeverythingthatanEnglishlanguagelearnercouldwishfor:Britishaccents,goodacting,longandinterestingconversationswithalotofhumour.(在这里，你可以找到英语学习者所希望的一切：英式口音，精彩的表演，充满幽默的长而有趣的对话)”以及Friends部分“InpartsoftheshowtherearealsoBritishaccentstolistentoandlearn.(在节目的部分内容中，也有英式口音可以听和学习)”可知，在Sherlock和Friends两部剧中，观众都可以学到英式口音。故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据HowIMetYourMother部分“Itisoneofthemostsuccessfulsituationcomedies(情景喜剧)intheUnitedStates,attractingtheaudienceallaroundtheworld.(它是米国最成功的情景喜剧之一，吸引了世界各地的观众)”可知，HowIMetYourMother这部剧在世界各地的观众中很受欢迎。故选D。

B

“Meetmeintheconferenceroomwiththecontractsandacupofcoffee,”mybossbarkedatme.“Tenminutes.”

Ididn’trespond.Istoodstillasifmyshoeshadbeengluedtothefloor.Ihadnointentionoftakingacupofanythingtoanyone,supervisorornot.

Ihadseenwithmyowneyeswhatsuchbehaviordidtoawoman.IthappenedtoMrs.Wilsonnextdoor.OldMr.Wilsonwouldn’tputinhisownfalseteethwithouthiswife’sassistance,letalonemakehimselflunch.Itwasamiserableunion.IvowedbyageeightthatIwouldneverlivelikeher.Iadoptedthemotto:Don’thelpthosewhowon’thelpthemselves.

Irushedtothefileroomandpulledmyphone.Iexplainedtomyfatherwhathadhappenedandaskedhisadviceonwhattodo,onlytobeaskedback.Hemusthaveforgottentheunwrittenrulebetweenusaboutnotansweringaquestionwithaquestion.Fortunately,Icameupwithanideathatwouldhavethebestofbothworlds.

ItookupthefilesandheadedforthecoffeepotItooktwocupsandmadetwocupsofcoffee.ThenIwalkedintotheboss’officewithacupofcoffeeineachhand.Ihandedmybossacupofcoffeeanddrankatthesametimeashim.

“Let’stakeabreak,”partwaythroughthemeeting,mybossstood,saying,“Ineedmorecoffee.”Ipickedupmyemptycup.“Ido,too,”Isaid,andhandedittohimacrossthetable.“Thanks,”Iadded,lookingathimexpectantly.Thebosswasstaggeredforamoment,andthentookthecupfromme.

WhenIfinallyleftmyboss’office,Ihidinthebathroomandcalledmydad.Myfather’slaughteronthephonemademefeelevenprouder.

4.WhydoestheauthormentiontheWilsons

A.Toexplainherunwillingnesstoservethecoffee.

B.Topicturewhatshewillbelikewhensheages.

C.Tostressheroppositiontoinequalityinsociety.

D.Toshowhowthecouplegrewoldtogether.

5.Whatdidtheauthormeanbybringingtwocupsofcoffeetomeettheboss

A.Sheintendedtoplayatrickonhermeanboss.

B.Sheplannedtohavethebossserveherlater.

C.Shemeanttoshareinsteadofserving.

D.Shewantedtosavethetroubleofdoingitagain.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggered”meaninthesixthparagraph

A.Moved.B.Scared.C.Excited.D.Shocked.

7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthetext

A.Shefiguredouthowtoshowrespectforhersuperior.

B.Shetookawiseapproachtostandupforherself.

C.Shefounditpracticaltoseeksolutionsfromherfather.

D.Sheconsidereditsignificanttofightagainstmenbravely.

【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在不违背自己座右铭的前提下，完美地解决了老板要自己倒咖啡的事情。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“IvowedbyageeightthatIwouldneverlivelikeher.Iadoptedthemotto:Don’thelpthosewhowon’thelpthemselves.(我八岁时就发誓，我永远不会像她那样生活。我采纳了这句座右铭：不要帮助那些不愿意帮助自己的人)”可推知，提到威尔逊一家是为了解释自己不愿意给老板倒咖啡的原因，这是因为她不想违背自己的座右铭。故选A。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段“ThenIwalkedintotheboss’officewithacupofcoffeeineachhand.Ihandedmybossacupofcoffeeanddrankatthesametimeashim.(然后我走进老板的办公室，两只手各拿一杯咖啡。我递给老板一杯咖啡，和他同时喝)”可推知，带两杯咖啡去见老板是为了表明想要和老板一起喝咖啡，想要和老板分享而不是为老板服务。故选C。

【6题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第六段““Let’stakeabreak,”partwaythroughthemeeting,mybossstood,saying,“Ineedmorecoffee.”Ipickedupmyemptycup.“Ido,too,”Isaid,andhandedittohimacrossthetable.“Thanks,”Iadded,lookingathimexpectantly.Thebosswasstaggeredforamoment,andthentookthecupfromme.(“让我们休息一下，”会议进行到一半时，我的老板站起来说，“我需要再来一些咖啡。”我拿起我的空杯子。“我也是，”我说，然后把它递给桌子对面的他。“谢谢，”我补充道，期待地看着他。老板staggered一会儿，然后从我手里接过杯子)”可知，老板原本打算让去倒咖啡，没想到会把杯子递给自己，让自己去倒咖啡，这使得老板感觉震惊，推测划线单词staggered表示“震惊的”，与shocked同义。故选D。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“Fortunately,Icameupwithanideathatwouldhavethebestofbothworlds.(幸运的是，我想出了一个两全其美的主意。)”以及文章内容可知，想出了一个两全其美的主意，在不违背自己座右铭的前提下，完美地解决了老板要自己倒咖啡的事情，采取了明智的方法来维护自己。故选B。

C

Scientistshavediscoveredtheworld’slargestknownfieldofseagrass.Theydiditusingvideosshotbysomeunusualhelpers:tigersharks.

Seagrassesarefloweringplantsthatgrowinshallowwatersnearcoasts.Seagrassmeadows(草地)helpcleantheocean’swater.Importantly,theyalsohelpinthefightagainsttheclimatecrisis.That’sbecausetheystorehugeamountsofcarbon—theharmfulpollutionthat’smakingglobalwarmingworse.Damagingtheseseagrassmeadowscanreleasethispollutionagain,soit’simportanttoprotectthem.

Butthoughthey’reveryimportant,scientistsdon’thaveagoodideaofthesizeandnumberoftheworld’sseagrassmeadows.Fromabove,themeadowscanbehardtospot,eitherbecausethewateristoodeepornotclearenough.Andtheoceanissohugethatit’ssimplynotpossibletostudyitallbydiving.Soateamofscientistsdecidedtohavesharkshelpwiththeresearch.Tigersharksarehuge,strong,anddeadly.Buttheyalsoliveunderwater,swimfast,andspendalotoftimeinseagrassmeadows.

Between2023and2023,ateamofresearchersattachedcamerasandothertrackerstothefins(鳍)ofseventigersharks.Aftercatchingthesharks,thescientistsworkedquicklytoattachtheequipment,thenletthemgoagain.Thecamerasweredesignedtofalloffafterafewhoursandfloattothesurface.Trackingsignalshelpedthescientistsfindthefloatingcamerasandcollectthevideosthesharkshadtaken.Thescientistswereleftwithhoursofvideostakenasthesharkstraveledformilesovertheseafloor.Puttingallthisinformationtogether,thescientistslearnedthatthewatersaroundtheBahamasarehometothelargestseagrassmeadoweverdiscovered.

Theprogramshowshowusefullargeunderwateranimalscanbeinhelpingtolearnmoreaboutlifeunderthesea.OliverShipleyisascientistatBeneaththeWaves,whichledthework.Hesaysanimalsliketigersharks“…aregoingtotakeustomoreseagrassmeadows”.

8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout

A.Featuresofseagrassmeadows.

B.Locationofseagrassmeadows.

C.Significanceofseagrassmeadows.

D.Definitionofseagrassmeadows.

9.Whatdoweknowaboutthecameras

A.Theyaretrackedbythescientists.

B.Theyareimplantedintosharks’bodies.

C.Theywillsendreal-timevideostoscientists.

D.Theywillbegotridofbysharkswhendiscovered.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext

A.Tigersharkswillperformmoresuchmissions.

B.SeagrassmeadowsonlyexistaroundBahamas.

C.Meadowsarehardtospotbecauseofpollution.

D.Theprogramisaimedatstudyingdiversesealife.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext

A.SeaGrassMeadows—AnUnknownField

B.SeaGrassMeadows—CleanerInSea

C.TigerSharks—KillersInDeepSea

D.Sharks—NewScientificAssistants

【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学家发现了世界上已知的最大的海草地。他们利用一些不寻常的帮手——虎鲨——拍摄的视频做到了这一点。这项工作有助于保护海草，也显示了一个强大的方式来探索海洋。

【8题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Seagrassesarefloweringplantsthatgrowinshallowwatersnearcoasts.Seagrassmeadows(草地)helpcleantheocean’swater.Importantly,theyalsohelpinthefightagainsttheclimatecrisis.”（海草是一种开花植物，生长在靠近海岸的浅水区。海草草甸有助于清洁海水。重要的是，它们还有助于应对气候危机。）和“Damagingtheseseagrassmeadowscanreleasethispollutionagain,soit’simportanttoprotectthem.”（破坏这些海草草地会再次释放这种污染，因此保护它们很重要。）可知，本段主要介绍了海草对环境的意义。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Between2023and2023,ateamofresearchersattachedcamerasandothertrackerstothefins(鳍)ofseventigersharks.Aftercatchingthesharks,thescientistsworkedquicklytoattachtheequipment,thenletthemgoagain.Thecamerasweredesignedtofalloffafterafewhoursandfloattothesurface.Trackingsignalshelpedthescientistsfindthefloatingcamerasandcollectthevideosthesharkshadtaken.”（2023年至2023年期间，一组研究人员在七只虎鲨的鳍上安装了摄像头和其他追踪器。捕捉到鲨鱼后，科学家们迅速安装了设备，然后又放了它们。相机被设计成在几个小时后脱落，漂浮到水面上。追踪信号帮助科学家找到了漂浮的摄像机，并收集了鲨鱼拍摄的视频。）可知，科学家把摄像机装在虎鲨的鳍上，经过专门设计的摄像机会在几个小时后从虎鲨身上脱落，漂浮到海面上，此时安置在其中的追踪信号可以帮助科学家找到了漂浮的摄像机。因此，科学家可以利用信号找到这些摄像机。故选A。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theprogramshowshowusefullargeunderwateranimalscanbeinhelpingtolearnmoreaboutlifeunderthesea.OliverShipleyisascientistatBeneaththeWaves,whichledthework.Hesaysanimalsliketigersharks“…aregoingtotakeustomoreseagrassmeadows.””（该项目展示了大型水下动物在帮助更多地了解海底生物方面是多么有用。奥利弗·希普利(OliverShipley)是水下科学家，他主导这项工作。他说，像虎鲨这样的动物“将把我们带到更多的海草牧场”。）可推知，在未来，科学家们会利用虎鲨帮助实施更多的科学试验任务。故选A。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientistshavediscoveredtheworld’slargestknownfieldofseagrass.Theydiditusingvideosshotbysomeunusualhelpers:tigersharks.”（科学家们发现了世界上已知最大的海草田。他们使用了一些不寻常的帮手拍摄的视频：虎鲨。）可知，本文主要介绍科学家利用虎鲨，帮助科学家发现了世界上已知最大的海草田。因此，文章的标题可以为“鲨鱼——新的科学助手”。故选D。

D

Organicfood,grownwithoutartificialchemicals,isincreasinglypopularnowadays.Consumershavebeenwillingtopayuptotwiceasmuchforgoodswithorganiclabels.However,ifyouthinkpayingalittlemorefororganicfoodgetsyouamorenutritiousandsaferproduct,youmightwanttosaveyourmoney.AstudyledbyresearchersatStanfordUniversitysaysthatorganicproductsaren'tnecessarilymorenutritious,andthey’renolesslikelytosufferfromdisease-causingbacteria,either.

Thelatestresults,publishedintheAnnualsofInternalMedicine,suggestthatbuyersmaybewastingtheirmoney.“Wedidnotfindstrongevidencethatorganicfoodismorenutritiousorhealthier,”saysDr.CrystalSmith-SpanglerfromStanford.“So,consumersshouldn’tassumethatonetypeoffoodhasalowerriskorissafer.”

Fortheirnewstudy,Smith-Spanglerandhercolleaguesconductedareviewoftwocategoriesofresearch,including17studiesthatcomparedhealthoutcomesbetweenconsumersoforganicagainsttraditionalfoodproducts,and223studiesthatanalyzedthenutritionalcontentofthefoods,includingkeyvitamins,mineralsandfats.

Whiletheresearchersfoundlittledifferenceinnutritionalcontent,theydidfindthatorganicfruitandvegetableswere20%lesslikelytohavechemicalsremainingonthesurfaces.Neitherorganicnortraditionalfoodsshowedlevelsofchemicalshighenoughtogobeyondfoodsafetystandards.Andbothorganicandtraditionalmeats,suchaschickenandpork,wereequallylikelytobeharmedbybacteriaatverylowrates.Theresearchersdidfindthatorganicmilkandchickencontainedhigherlevelsofomega-3fattyacids,ahealthyfatalsofoundinfishthatcanreducetheriskofheartdisease.However,thesenutritionaldifferencesweretoosmall,andtheresearcherswereunwillingtomakemuchofthemuntilfurtherstudiesconfirmthetrends.

Organicfoodisproducedwithfewerchemicalsandmorenatural-growingpractices,butthatdoesn'talwaystranslateintoamorenutritiousorhealthierproduct.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)statesthat“whetheryoubuyorganicfoodornot,findingthefreshestfoodsavailablemayhavethebiggesteffectontaste.”Freshfoodisatleastasgoodasanythingmarketedasorganic.

12.Whatdoesthenewresearchquestion

A.Whetherorganicfoodshouldreplacetraditionalfood.

B.Whetherorganicfoodhasbeenoverpricedbyfarmers.

C.Whetherorganicfoodisgrownwithlessharmfulchemicals.

D.Whetherorganicfoodisreallymorenutritiousandhealthier.

13.WhatdidSmith-Spanglerandhercolleaguesfind

A.Organicfoodcouldreducetheriskofheartdisease.

B.Traditionalfoodwasgrownwithmorenaturalmethods.

C.Bothorganicandtraditionalfoodtheyexaminedweresafe.

D.Therewasnotapresenceofanyformsofbacteriainorganicfood.

14.Whichofthefollowingisrelativelyhealthieraccordingtothepassage

A.Organicchickenandpork.B.Organicmilkandchicken.

C.Traditionalchickenandpork.D.Traditionalfruitandvegetables.

15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardorganicfood

ADoubtful.B.Neutral.C.Unconcerned.D.Approving.

【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A

【解析】

【分析】本文为议论文。由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题，提出“有机食品真的比传统食品更好吗？”这一质疑。然后引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并未比传统食品有更多的营养成分。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“AstudyledbyresearchersatStanfordUniversitysaysthatorganicproductsaren'tnecessarilymorenutritious,andthey'renolesslikelytosufferfromdisease-causingbacteria,either.(斯坦福大学的研究人员领导的一项研究表明，有机产品不一定更有营养，而且它们也同样容易感染致病细菌)”可知，新研究是针对有机食物是否更营养和更健康方面提出质疑，故选D。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“Neitherorganicnortraditionalfoodsshowedlevelsofchemicalshighenoughtogobeyondfoodsafetystandards.(无论是有机食品还是传统食品，其化学物质含量都不足以超过食品安全标准)”可推知，Smith-Spangler和她的同事发现他们检测的有机食品和传统食品都是安全的。故选C。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theresearchersdidfindthatorganicmilkandchickencontainedhigherlevelsofomega-3fattyacids,ahealthyfatalsofoundinfishthatcanreducetheriskofheartdisease.(研究人员确实发现，有机牛奶和鸡肉中omega-3脂肪酸的含量更高，这种健康的脂肪也在鱼类中发现，可以降低患心脏病的风险)”可知，有机牛奶和鸡肉相对更健康。故选B。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中“AstudyledbyresearchersatStanfordUniversitysaysthatorganicproductsaren'tnecessarilymorenutritious,andthey'renolesslikelytosufferfromdisease-causingbacteria,either.(斯坦福大学的研究人员领导的一项研究表明，有机产品不一定更有营养，而且它们也同样容易感染致病细菌)”以及最后一段中“Freshfoodisatleastasgoodasanythingmarketedasorganic.(新鲜食品至少和市场上销售的有机食品一样好)”可推知，对有机食品持质疑的态度。故选A。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Iamcrazyabouthiking,becauseitdoesmyheartandsoulgoodtotakeapackandheadoutonatrail,especiallywhenI’maloneandcanletmymindwanderwhereitwill.____16____

Hikingkeepsyourbrainsharperthanmanyotherformsofexercise.Asaprofessionalwriter,althoughIambusywithmywork,Ioftensparesometimetohike.____17____

Hikinghelpstokeepyoucalmandhappy.____18____Butwhatsetshikingapartfromotherformsofexerciseisthathikingcanhappenalmostanywhereandgiveyouthehappinessthatyoucantakefromnature.

____19____I’msureI’mnotaloneinfindingthatwalksinnatureletmymindwanderfreelyincreativedirections.Infact,I’vewrittenmanyofmysongswhilehikingonatrail.Sometimes,ideasrelevanttomusiccomeupfromunconsciousplaceswhenI’mnotdeliberatelythinking.

Hikinghelpsstrengthenapositiverelationshipwiththenaturalworld.Besidesbeinggoodforus,hikingmayalsohelptheworldaroundus.Afterall,ifwesticktowalkingandcoveringlongerdistances,wecouldusecarslessandreduceourcarbonfootprint.____20____Forexample,itincreasesourconnectiontonature.Asonestudysuggests,whenwehaveapersonalconnectiontonature,wearemorelikelytowanttoprotectit.Thatmeansexperiencesinnature—likehiking—canbemutually(相互地)beneficial,helpingpeopleandtheearth.

So,grabawaterbottle,abackpack...andheadoutonthetrail.Youwon’tbesorryyoudid.

A.Hikingcanincreaseourcreativity.

B.Beyondthat,hikingbenefitsourplanetindirectly.

C.Followingarethebenefitsyoucangetfromhiking.

D.Exerciseingeneralcanbeagoodwaytodecreasestress.

E.It’seasyformetocomeupwithcreativeideaswhilesittingalone.

F.Itnotjustmakesmefeelgood,butalsohelpsmekeepthebrainintopshape.

G.Thisallgoestoshowthathikingmaybeoneofthebestwaystomoveyourbody.

【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.A20.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了一些徒步旅行的好处。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Iamcrazyabouthiking,becauseitdoesmyheartandsoulgoodtotakeapackandheadoutonatrail,especiallywhenI’maloneandcanletmymindwanderwhereitwill.(我非常喜欢徒步旅行，因为它对我的身心都有好处，尤其是当我一个人的时候，我可以让我的思想在任何地方漫游)”以及后文“Hikingkeepsyourbrainsharperthanmanyotherformsofexercise.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动都能让你的大脑更敏锐)”，“Hikinghelpstokeepyoucalmandhappy.(徒步旅行有助于让你保持平静和快乐)”和“Hikinghelpsstrengthenapositiverelationshipwiththenaturalworld.(徒步旅行有助于加强与自然世界的积极关系)”可知，本句总起下文，指出徒步旅行具有好处。故C选项“以下是徒步旅行的好处”符合语境，故选C。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Hikingkeepsyourbrainsharperthanmanyotherformsofexercise.Asaprofessionalwriter,althoughIambusywithmywork,Ioftensparesometimetohike.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动都能让你的大脑更敏锐。作为一名职业作家，虽然我工作很忙，但我经常抽出时间去远足)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明徒步旅行带给大脑的好处。故F选项“它不仅让我感觉很好，而且还帮助我保持大脑处于最佳状态”符合语境，故选F。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Hikinghelpstokeepyoucalmandhappy.”（徒步旅行有助于保持你的平静和快乐。）可知，本段主要讲述徒步可以带来快乐，对身心带来益处。根据后文“Butwhatsetshikingapartfromotherformsofexerciseisthathikingcanhappenalmostanywhereandgiveyouthehappinessthatyoucantakefromnature.(但徒步旅行与其他形式的运动不同之处在于，徒步旅行几乎可以在任何地方进行，并能给你从大自然中获得的快乐。)”提到了徒步与其他形式的运动的不同之处。所以空处的内容应承接前文，描述徒步这种锻炼方式对身心的好处。D选项“总的来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。”符合语境，故选D。

【19题详解】

根据后文“I’msureI’mnotaloneinfindingthatwalksinnatureletmymindwanderfreelyincreativedirections.(我相信我不是唯一一个发现在大自然中散步可以让我的思想自由地朝着创造性的方向漫游的人)”以及后文“Sometimes,ideasrelevanttomusiccomeupfromunconsciousplaceswhenI’mnotdeliberatelythinking.(有时，与音乐相关的想法会在我没有刻意思考的时候从无意识的地方冒出来)”可知，本段主要讲述徒步可以促进创造力的实现，A选项“徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力。”引领下文，概括本段内容，符合题意，故选A。

【20题详解】

根据后文“Forexample,itincreasesourconnectiontonature.Asonestudysuggests,whenwehaveapersonalconnectiontonature,wearemorelikelytowanttoprotectit.(例如，它增加了我们与自然的联系。正如一项研究表明的那样，当我们与自然有个人联系时，我们更有可能想要保护它)”可知，本句是在说明徒步让我们与自然有了关联，从而想要保护它，对地球有益。故B选项“除此之外，徒步旅行间接地有益于我们的星球”符合语境，故选B。

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

NorthCarolinamomHannahJarvisisthankingthekindstranger.Thestrangersavedher7-month-olddaughter,Calli,from____21____whileherfamilywaseatingdinneratGoldenCorral.AccordingtoHannah’spost,awomannamedDebraactedfastwhenshesawCallichokingonabiteofpotato.

“Iimmediately____22____mydaughteroutofherhighchairandstartedpounding(反复击打)onher____23____,butIwasn’tdoingitrightandsoIstartedto____24____,”HannahtoldPOPSUGAR.“Mymotherstartedtodothesame:holdingherupsidedown,hittingherback,but____25____.Atthattime,wewereallinapanic.Then,Debra____26____anddidtheHeimlichmanoeuvre(海姆立克急救法)properly.”

____27____thatherdaughtersurvivedtheincident,Hannahsharedonthesocialmediajusthowgratefulsheis.

“Ifitweren’tforDebraRouse,mydaughterprobablywouldhavebeen____28____awayinanambulance(救护车)today,”Hannahwrote.“MyfamilyandIcan’tthankyouenoughforhelping.MydaughterhasbeenseentotheERandisperfectly____29____now.IwillneverforgetthetearsthatwereshedtodayatGoldenCorralasthis_____30_____steppedin.Mostimportantly,thankyouforhearingour_____31_____criesforCallithisevening.”

Thankstothepowerofsocialmedia,theposteventually_____32_____itontoDebra’sscreen,andsheleftasweetreplyinthe_____33_____section.“GoodeveningMrs.Hannah,IsawthenewsarticleandImessagedyoumynumber!I’m_____34_____thatCalliisdoingwell,youallhavebeenonmymindsinceyesterday!Loveyouallandtakecare.”

HannahandDebrahavebeenkeepingspeakingwitheachotherregularlysincethen.“WeactuallymetupinAshevillethedayaftertheincident.I’mjustsothankfulfor_____35_____Debratousthatday!”

21.A.drowningB.fallingC.chokingD.hurting

22.A.pushedB.pulledC.noticedD.drove

23.A.stomachB.headC.backD.shoulder

24.A.panicB.dreamC.laughD.whisper

25.A.inpeaceB.indespairC.indangerD.invain

26.A.spokeB.appearedC.wokeD.agreed

27.A.RelievedB.EncouragedC.AmusedD.Frightened

28.A.putB.turnedC.givenD.wheeled

29.A.adaptableB.healthyC.confidentD.outgoing

30.A.doctorB.waiterC.heroineD.man

31.A.desperateB.gentleC.properD.thoughtful

32.A.caughtB.madeC.deservedD.got

33.A.advertisementB.cultureC.scienceD.comment

34.A.surprisedB.confusedC.delightedD.nervous

35.A.sendingB.leavingC.introducingD.employing

【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.D34.C35.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小女孩Calli在一次和家人的用餐时被土豆卡住喉咙，妈妈的急救没有成功，当全家人惊慌失措时，懂得急救知识的女士Debra及时给与了海姆立克急救法，Calli化险为夷。女孩的妈妈Hannah对此十分感激，在网上发帖感激这位女英雄。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个陌生人救了她7个月大的女儿Calli，使她免于窒息，当时她的家人正在GoldenCorral吃晚饭。A.drowning淹没，盖过；B.falling掉落，倒塌；C.choking（使）窒息，哽噎；D.hurting伤害。根据后文“whenshesawCallichokingonabiteofpotato(当她看到Calli被土豆卡住喉咙)”可知，小女孩应是噎着了。故选C项。

【22题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hannah告诉POPSUGAR：“我立刻把女儿从高脚椅上拉起来，开始敲打她的背部，但我的做法不对，所以我开始恐慌。”A.pushed推，按；B.pulled拉，拔；C.noticed注意，留心；D.drove开车，驱使。根据后文“herhighchair(她的高脚椅)”可知，小女孩当时是坐在高椅上的，这应是就餐时的宝宝椅，结合常识，孩子是卡在椅子里以防掉落，因此可推知，妈妈赶紧将她从椅子上拉出来。故选B项。

【23题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hannah告诉POPSUGAR：“我立刻把女儿从高脚椅上拉起来，开始敲打她的背部，但我的做法不对，所以我开始恐慌。”A.stomach胃部；B.head头部；C.back背部；D.shoulder肩膀。结合常识可知，被噎着之后一般会拍打背部。故选C项。

【24题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hannah告诉POPSUGAR：“我立刻把女儿从高脚椅上拉起来，开始敲打她的背部，但我的做法不对，所以我开始恐慌。”A.panic（使）惊慌，惊慌失措；B.dream做梦；C.laugh笑；D.whisper小声说，耳语。根据前文“butIwasn’tdoingitright(但我做得不对)”可知，Hannah的做得不对，没有效果，因此，她应是十分惊慌。故选A项。

【25题详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：我母亲也开始做同样的事：把她倒过来抱着，打她的背，但都是徒劳的。A.inpeace和平地，平静地；B.indespair绝望地，失望地；C.indanger在危险中；D.invain徒劳地，无效地。根据后文“Atthattime,wewereallinapanic.(当时，我们都惊慌失措。)”可知，家人们都陷入了惊慌失措中，应是因为急救措施没有效果。故选D项。

【26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Debra出现了，并正确地做了海姆立克的动作。A.spoke谈话，说话；B.appeared出现，看来；C.woke醒来；D.agreed同意。根据后文“didtheHeimlichmanoeuvreproperly(正确地运用了海