2022-2023学年广东省广州市黄广中学高一（上）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年广东省广州市黄广中学高一（上）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）A4BestHikesintheUKbyTrainThefollowingfourbesthikesintheUKbytrainarerecommendedtotry.

Nameofhike：GoldenCapontheSouthwestCoastPath

Thenearesttrainstation：Axminster

TheGoldenCapEstateisfamousforbeingthetallestpointoftheJurassicCoastWorldHeritageSite.FollowingtheSouthwestCoastPathforabout7.5kmwilltakeyoualongCharmouthBeachwhichisfamousforthemanyfossils（化石）foundthere.

Nameofhike：AberFallsintheSnowdoniaNationalPark

Thenearesttrainstation：Bangor

AberFallsisanimpressive40mtallwaterfallintheSnowdoniaNationalPark.Followingthe4kmpaththroughAberNatureReservetoreachthewaterfallyouwillpassancientwoodlands.Additionally，you'llbeabletofindafewsmallerwaterfallsonroute.

Nameofhike：ConicHillintheLochLomond

Thenearesttrainstation：Balloch

TheConicHillisoneofthefinalpartsontheWestHighlandWayroute.Aftergoingthroughancientwoodlands，you'llreachtheimpressiveviewofLochLomondanditsmanyislands.Coveringabout5.5km，thepathbeginsandendsinthesmallvillageofBalmaha.

Nameofhike：LochanEileinintheCairngormsNationalPark

Thenearesttrainstation：Aviemore

This7.2kmwalkpassesLochanEileinandcutsthroughtheendlessancientforest.TheLochishometoasmallislandandthebeautifulLochanEileinCastle（城堡）whichdatesbacktothe13thcentury.Whilewalking，youcanenjoythesoundofbirdsongallaroundyou.1.Whichplacewillyouchooseifyoulikenaturalheritage？______A.AberFalls. B.GoldenCap.

C.ConicHillloop.. D.LochanEileinloop.2.WhichstationshouldyouchooseifvisitingAberNatureReserve？______A.Axminster. B.Bangor. C.Balloch. D.Aviemore.3.WhatdoConicHillandLochanEileinhaveincommon？______A.Ancientforest. B.Severalislands.

C.Famouscastles. D.Beautifulbirds.BTheFIFAWorldCup2022，theworld'sgreatestfootballtournament，issettobegininQataronNovember21，2022.

TheFIFAWorldCupisbeingheldintheMiddleEastforthefirsttimeandisbeinghostedbyanAsiancountryforthesecondtime.Thenation，whichdrawsvisitorsfromallaroundtheworld，promisestohostthemostexpensiveWorldCupever.

Bylandsize，QataristhesmallestnationtohaveeverhostedaFIFAWorldCup.Switzerland，whichhostedthe1954FIFAWorldCup，isthenext-smallestnation.Qatarbecamethesecondnationtohostthemajorcompetitionwithoutevermakingittoanearlierroundofcompetition.Qatarhasapopulationof2.8million，whichiscomparabletothatofYorkshire.However，becauseofitssize，ithasthehighestpercapitaincomeintheworld.

AFIFAWorldCupisanexpensiveevent，andsince1994，therehasbeenageneralupwardtrendinthecostsconnectedwithhostingthemostfamoustournament.

Thenationhasalreadyspentaround﹩200billion.Thenationspends﹩500millionperweekoninfrastructure（基础设施）projects，newstadiums，hotels，hospitals，andairports.AccordingtoQatar'sfinanceminister，AliShareefAI-Emadi，preparationsfortheWorldCuparealmostcomplete.

Ahugeamountofsoccerfansareexpectedtoarriveinthecountry（about1.2—1.5million）.Duetoconcernsaboutashortageofhousing，thenationhasalreadyspent﹩40milliononhotels.

TheestimatedcostofQatar's2022FIFAWorldCupis﹩220billion.Thehistorictournament'smostcostlyeditionisexpectedtobethisone.FansaresurprisedwiththeWorldCup'sluxuryandfascination，butthereisalsoplentyofcontroversy（争议）.4.WhatdoweknowabouttheFIFAWorldCup？______A.Yorkshirehostedthe1954FIFAWorldCup.

B.TheFIFAWorldCupistheworld'sgreatesttournament.

C.It'sthesecondtimetheFIFAWorldCuphasbeenheldinanAsiancountry.

D.TheoverallcostofhostingFIFAWorldCuphasbeenontherisesince1954.5.Whatdoesthefifthparagraphmainlytalkabout？______A.People'swarmthforQatar.

B.Qatar'spreparationsforWorldCup.

C.Qatar'sgoalsfortheWorldCup.

D.Qatar'smainfinancialsituationin2022.6.HowmuchmoneyisleftoverforQatartopreparefortheWorldCup？______A.﹩40million. B.﹩200million. C.﹩500million. D.﹩20billion.7.Whatmightthewritercontinuetowriteinthenextparagraph？______A.HowsoccerfansplantogotowatchtheWorldCupofQatar.

B.Whatthestadiumsofthe2022WorldCuplooklike.

C.HowpeopleviewdifferentlyontheQatar'sluxuriousbehavior.

D.WhatothersurprisesdoesQataroffersoccerfans.CWorld'sLargestActiveVolcanoEruptsinHawaiiHawaii'sMaunaLoa，thelargestactivevolcanointheworld，haseruptedforthefirsttimeinnearly40years，USauthoritiessaid，eruptinglavaandashMonday，Nov.28th，2022asemergencycrewswentonalert.

Flowsoflavaremainedmostlycontainedwithinthepeak'shugecaldera，buttheeruptioncouldposeathreattonearbyresidentsifconditionschange，theUnitedStatesGeologicalSurveyreportedat11：45pmlocaltimeSundayabout15minutesaftertheeruptioninsideHawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark.

MaunaLoahasbeenshowingsignsoferuptingforyears，accordingtotheUSGS，whichsaidtheongoingeruptionwasvisiblefromKona，atownonthewestcoastofHawaii'smainislandabout72kilometersfromthevolcano.

"Lavaisstilleruptingfromthepeakandisoverflowingfromthecaldera，"theUSGSsaidonitswebsite，referringtothebasinatthetopofavolcano.Whileitaddedtherewere"nothreatstopopulatedareascurrently，"iturgedarearesidentstoreviewpreparationprocedures.

Hawaiiauthoritiessaidnoevacuation（撤离，疏散）ordershavebeengiven，althoughthepeakareaandseveralroadsintheregionwereclosed，andtwosheltershavebeenopened.

RobinGeorgeAndrews，ascientist，saidalargerthreatexistsiflavabeginstopouroutofso-calledriftzones（裂谷带）.

WhilethereisnoevidenceyetofthisoccurringnowonMaunaLoa，"thefactthatitisadangerousmountainthathasn'teruptedsince1984—thelongesteruptivepauseinitsrecordedhistory—iswhyweshouldallkeepaneyeonit，"Andrewssaid.

OneofsixactivevolcanoesontheHawaiianislands，MaunaLoahaserupted33timessince1843，accordingtoUSGS.

Themostrecenteruption，in1984，lasted22daysandproducedlavaflowswhichreachedtowithinabout7kilometersofHilo，acitytothenortheastwhichishometoabout44，000peopletoday.8.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldUSGSagreewith？______A.Theeruptiontimeiscorrectlypredicted.

B.Theeruptioniswithinexpectation.

C.Theeruptionresultshavebeenundercontrol.

D.Theeruptionwillposeathreattopeoplelivingnearby.9.Whatsuggestionisgiventoresidentsinparagraph4？______A.Leavingtheirhousesassoonaspossible.

B.Puttingupmoresheltersinashorttime.

C.Listeningtoevacuationordersoften.

D.Makingsomepreparations.10.AccordingtoRobinGeorgeAndrews，what'sthepotentialdanger？______A.Nooneknowshowtojudgetheeruptivepause.

B.Therearemorepeoplelivingneartheriftzones.

C.Thereisapossibilitythatthelavapoursoutofriftzones.

D.AllthesixactivevolcanoesontheHawaiianislandswillerupt.11.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage？______A.Togiveadviceaboutprotectingtheenvironment.

B.Tostresstheimportanceofnatural'spower.

C.Totellapieceofnewstothereaders.

D.Tointroducethehistoryofvolcanos.DThere're7，000documentedlanguagescurrentlyspokenacrosstheworld，buthalfofthemcouldbeendangered，accordingtoanewstudy.It'spredictedthat1，500knownlanguagesmaynolongerbespokenbytheendofthiscentury.

ResearchersfromTheAustralianNationalUniversityanalyzedthousandsoflanguagesandhighlightedalinkbetweenhigherlevelsofschoolingandlanguageloss，asregionallyleadinglanguagestaughtinclassoftenovershadownativetongues.Additionally，thedensityofroadsinanareaisalsotoblame.

"Wefoundthatthemoreroadsthereare，connectingcountrytocity，andvillagestotowns，thehighertheriskoflanguagesbeingendangered，"saidProfessorLindellBronham，co-authorofthestudy.

Thestudy，publishedinNature，EcologyandEvolution，estimatestheequivalent（等量，对应物）ofonelanguageiscurrentlylostwithineverythree-monthperiod.Butlevelsoflanguagelosscouldactuallytriple（三倍）inthenext40years，withatleastonelanguagepermonthdisappearingunlessmeasuresaretaken.

"Whenalanguageislost，welosesomuchofourhumanculturaldiversity，"saidProfessorBromham."Fortunately，manyofthelanguagespredictedtobelostthiscenturystillhavefluentspeakers，sothere'sstillthechancetoinvestinsupportingcommunitiestoboostnativelanguages."

Whilepaststudieshaveblamedthedigitalareaforcausingthelanguageloss—byfocusingattentiononafewmajorlanguagesattheexpenseofsmallerones—today'stech-focusedworldcouldholdasolution.

There'replentyofInternetsitesandappstohelpnewspeakerslearnlanguageslikeSpanish，EnglishandChinese，butthesenowextendtospecialistappsdesignedtoteachendangeredlanguagesorhelppreservethem.Ma!Iwaidja，forexample，isanappthatenablesthoseworkingwithspeakersoftheIwaidjalanguagetorecordwords，phrasesandtranslations.AnotherinitiativeistheRosettaProject，aglobalcooperationoflanguagespecialistsandnativespeakersworkingtobuildanopen-accessdigitallibraryofhumanlanguages.

TheUNESCOInternationalDecadeofIndigenousLanguages（IDIL2022-2032），whichbeginsthisyear，alsoaimstoengagetheglobalcommunitywiththecriticalissueoflanguageloss.AspartofitsGlobalActionPlan，itiscreatinganetworkofinternationalstakeholdersfocusedonprotectingtherightsofindigenouspeopletorestoreandpreservetheirlanguages.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout？______A.Thereasonsandresultsofthenewstudy.

B.Theimportanceoftheimprovedtransportation.

C.Theimpactofeducationonendangeredlanguages.

D.Reasonsfortheriskofendangerednativelanguages.13.Whatdoweknowaboutlanguagelossaccordingtothestudy？______A.Itisstable. B.Itisreasonable.

C.Itisworsening. D.Itisuncontrollable.14.Whatplaysanimportantroleinsavingindigenouslanguages？______A.Economy. B.Education. C.Technology. D.Globalization.15.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheideaforlanguageprotection？______A.Byusingfindings. B.Bymakinganalyses.

C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bygivingsomeexamples.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）HowtoCheerupYourFriendThefollowingtipswillmakeyourfriendcheerup.Tryoneormoreofthesuggestionsbelow，andhopefullyyourfriendwillbehappyagaininnotime.

（1）______.Ifyourfriendisangryaboutasituationatwork，helpherseethepositivesideofthings.Hearoutherproblembeforereacting（回应）.Buttrytohelpheraskingquestionssuchas，"Whatthingscanyoudotomakethesituationbetter？"or"What'sbeenhappeningatworklatelythat'sbeengood？"

Sendheracardorpostcard.Notmanypeoplegethandwrittennotesanymore.It'ssorare（稀少的），infact，thatit'scertaintoputasmileonherface.Dropanoteinthemailtoher.（2）______

Builduphersellf-esteem（自尊）.Everyoneneedstoheartheyaresmart，strong，andbeautifulsometimes.（3）______，astheycanhelpherbuildconfidenceandself-esteem.Trytomakeyourpraiseuniquetotheperson，sosheknowsyoutrulymeanwhatyousay.

Tryoutnewthingstogether.Truehappinessisinpartabouttheadventure.Itmaymeanyoumayneedtostepoutsideofwhat'scomfortableandtrysomethingnew.（4）______Ifyouwantyourfriendstobehappy，encouragethemtotrynewthingswithyou.

Bringheroneofherfavoritetreats.（5）______.Maybeshecan'tlivewithoutanafternooncoffee，ormaybeshehasaspecialloveforblackforestcake.Surpriseherbybringingoneofthemtoherwhenyouknowshe'shavingaroughday.

A.Encourageyourfriend

B.Helphertoseethepositiveside

C.Youknowwhatyourfriendlikes

D.Inturn，discovernewthingsyoulove

E.Don'tbeafraidtotellyourfriendthesethings

F.Similarly，yourhappinesswillaffectyourfriends

G.Ifyouincludeonewithafunnycard，that'sbetter16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Asawhaleresearcher，NanHauserhasbeenawardedtheinternationaltitleof"EarthAmbassador".Whilemanylocalpeoplehadheardofthis(21)，itwasanencounter（邂逅）thatwouldmakeherknownworldwide.

Onedayin2017，Nanwasshootingsomevideoswiththewhales，whenthemostremarkablething(22).Assheswamalongsidethem，theybegantodisplay(23)signsthatdangerwasnear.Suddenly，shesawawhaleswimtowardsheratfullspeed.Justas(24)hit，oneofthewhalesuseditsfintopushNanontoitsbackandoutofrangeof...notawhalebutatigershark.

Afterthesharkdisappeared，thewhale(25)accompaniedNanbacktoherboat.Sheclimbedaboardandyelledherappreciationtothe(26).Afterafewminutes，thewhaledisappeared，andNansaidgoodbye，feeling(27)forthislifetimeencounter.

Almostayearlater，Nanreceivedacallfromafishermansayingthathe(28)whalesintheharbor.Couldherwhalefriendhave(29)？Shejumpedontoaboatquickly.Naninstantly(30)herfriend，anddivedintothewatertoswimwithhim.

AfterNan'sencounter，she(31)withhowbestshecouldthankthewhale.Afterall，it's(32)tohugsomethingmuchlargerthanyou.Sowhat'sthemost(33)waytothankawhale？It'sbycaring，learningmoreaboutthem，and(34)theirhabitat.Asforus，wecanhelpinsmallways.Forexample，(35)single-useplasticswillmakeadifference.21.

A.chemist B.physicist C.geologist D.biologist22.

A.happened B.approached C.burst D.escaped23.

A.rescuing B.warming C.waiting D.recommending24.

A.excitement B.panic C.surprise D.disappointment25.

A.really B.clearly C.safely D.rudely26.

A.woman B.boat C.shark D.whale27.

A.proud B.grateful C.hopeful D.pitiful28.

A.spotted B.pleased C.targeted D.tracked29.

A.welcomed B.suffered C.returned D.refreshed30.

A.waved B.greeted C.realized D.recognized31.

A.combined B.struggled C.argued D.connected32.

A.pretty B.funny C.tricky D.vital33.

A.influential B.particular C.logical D.incredible34.

A.creating B.protecting C.surrounding D.establishing35.

A.donating B.exchanging C.throwing D.abandoning四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Local（1）______（official）inBeijingpromisedtofurtherprotectthecity'sculturalheritage（遗产），inparticularthenarrowstreetsknownashutongs.

Hutongsare（2）______（common）foundinthecitiesofNorthChina，buttheyareindanger.Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1，000hutongs，mostof（3）______areneartheForbiddenCity.Only60yearsago，thenumberofthehutong（4）______（be）3，250.

"Onaveragemorethan100，000peoplevisittheForbiddenCityduringtheNationalDayholidays.Thevisitsputpressureonthe（5）______（protect）ofculturalrelics，"saidHuangYan，directoroftheBeijingMunicipalCommissionofUrbanPlanning，（6）______（add）thathutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage.

Thegovernmentconcentrated（7）______howtheprotectionplanswerecarriedoutandhowthemanagementofculturalheritageworked.WangShaofeng，headoftheXichengDistrictGovernment，saidtheareahas182culturalrelics，andmanyofthemwerebuiltasfarbackastheYuanDynasty.ThedistrictofXichenghas1.28millionresidentsin（8）______57squarekilometersofland."Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage，"Wangsaid."Eachcommunityhasbeenrequired（9）______（report）thestatusofitsculturalheritage."Nooneknowsforsurehowmanyhutongs（10）______（leave）inthecoming100years.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、单词拼写-单句（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）37.Lasttime，wediscussedsomepatternsofanimalbehaviour，andintoday'slecturewewill______（关注）onthemethodsusedinthestudyofanimals.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）38.D______allthesediscouragements，sherefusedtogiveup.39.Itcanprovidestudentswithimmediatefeedback（反馈），includingreportsabouts______andweaknesses.40.Withthe32ndSummerOlympicsdrawingtoacloseinTokyo，manyChineseathleteshavecomebackloadedwithh______andgloryafterfinishingtheircompetitions.（根据首字母单词拼写）41.Itisindividualsthatshouldber______fortheirowndietandhealth.（根据首字母单词拼写）42.Thegreatest______（挑战）fortheAmericansisunderstandingthemindsetofEasternEuropeans.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）43.Theviruscanactuallyd______thosewhitebloodcells，leavingthebodywideopentoattackfromotherinfections.（根据首字母单词拼写）44.Thisisan______（极其）scenicpartofAmerica，whosesceneryisquitebreathtakingandappealing.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）45.Wecannotalways______（遵守；观察）thetraditionshandeddowntousfromthepast.46.Somestudentswhoarea______tothevirtualworldcan'tbearbeingseparatedfrommobilephonesevenforashortwhile.（根据首字母单词拼写）六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，共15.0分）47.Frommy__________________，onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.

依我看来，只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。48.Therecomesatimewhentheoldmust______thenew，anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.

新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。49.AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs，__________________ofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.

随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。50.Ihadnoideathatexercising30minutesadayandeatinghealthyfoodcould________________________.

我没有想到每天锻炼半小时、健康饮食就会有如此大的影响。51.Some53millionmorepeople____________inpovertyasthefinancialcrisisspreadsaroundtheworld.

随着金融危机在全世界的蔓延，大约有另外5300万人陷入了贫困。七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）52.假如你是李华，半年前你参加了《健康报》关于“健康与生活方式选择”的夏令营，开始反思自己的不良生活方式，现在请你给该报编辑写一封信投稿，内容包括：

1.你过去的一种不良生活方式及其对你的影响；

2.你如何改变这种不良方式；

3.改变这种方式后你的感受。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右（开头已经给出，不计入字数）；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearEditor,

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Nameofhike：GoldenCapontheSouthwestCoastPath（徒步旅行名称：西南海岸小路上的金顶山）部分中的TheGoldenCapEstateisfamousforbeingthetallestpointoftheJurassicCoastWorldHeritageSite.（金顶山庄园以其侏罗纪海岸世界遗产的最高点而闻名）可知，如果你喜欢自然遗产，你可以选择GoldenCap。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据Nameofhike：AberFallsintheSnowdoniaNationalPark（徒步旅行名称：斯诺登尼亚国家公园的阿贝尔瀑布）部分中的Thenearesttrainstation：Bangor（最近的火车站：班戈）与Followingthe4kmpaththroughAberNatureReservetoreachthewaterfallyouwillpassancientwoodlands.（沿着4公里的小径穿过阿贝尔自然保护区到达瀑布，你将经过古老的林地）可知，如果去参观AberNatureReserve，你应该选择Bangor。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据Nameofhike：ConicHillintheLochLomond（徒步旅行地点：洛蒙德湖的科尼克山）部分中的Aftergoingthroughancientwoodlands，you'llreachtheimpressiveviewofLochLomondanditsmanyislands.（穿过古老的林地后，你会看到令人印象深刻的罗蒙湖及其众多岛屿。）和Nameofhike：LochanEileinintheCairngormsNationalPark（徒步旅行名称：凯恩戈姆国家公园的艾莱因湖）中的This7.2kmwalkpassesLochanEileinandcutsthroughtheendlessancientforest.（这段7.2公里的步行路程经过艾莱因湖，穿过一望无际的古老森林）可知，ConicHill和LochanEilein都有古老的森林。故选A。

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在英国乘火车旅行时四处最佳徒步旅行地。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、B、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The

FIFA

World

Cup

is

being

held

in

the

Middle

East

for

the

first

time

and

is

being

hosted

by

an

Asian

country

for

the

second

time.（这是国际足联世界杯首次在中东举行，也是第二次由亚洲国家主办。）可知，对于FIFA世界杯我们可以了解到这是世界杯第二次在亚洲国家举办。故选C。

（2）段落大意题。根据第五段The

nation

has

already

spent

around

﹩

200

billion.The

nation

spends

﹩

500

million

per

week

on

infrastructure（基础设施）

projects，new

stadiums，hotels，hospitals，and

airports.According

to

Qatar's

finance

minister，Ali

Shareef

AI-Emadi，preparations

for

the

World

Cup

are

almost

complete.（这个国家已经花费了大约2000亿美元。国家每周在基础设施项目、新体育场馆、酒店、医院和机场上花费5亿美元。卡塔尔财政部长阿里•沙里夫•埃马迪表示，世界杯的准备工作已经基本完成。）可知，第五段主要讲的是卡塔尔为世界杯做的准备。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段The

nation

has

already

spent

around

﹩

200

billion.（这个国家已经花费了大约2000亿美元。）以及最后一段中The

estimated

cost

of

Qatar's

2022

FIFA

World

Cup

is

﹩

220

billion.（卡塔尔2022年国际足联世界杯的估计成本为2200亿美元。）可知，卡塔尔还剩下2200-2000=200亿美元来准备世界杯。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段The

historic

tournament's

most

costly

edition

is

expected

to

be

this

one.Fans

are

surprised

with

the

World

Cup's

luxury

and

fascination，but

there

is

also

plenty

of

controversy（争议）.（本届世界杯预计将是世界杯历史上最昂贵的一届。球迷们对世界杯的奢华和魅力感到惊讶，但也有很多争议。）可知，作者可能在下一段讨论人们对卡塔尔奢侈行为的不同看法。C．How

people

view

differently

on

the

Qatar's

luxurious

behavior.（人们对卡塔尔奢华行为的不同看法。）故选C。

本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读，主要介绍了2022年国际足联世界杯是世界上最伟大的足球锦标赛，将于2022年11月21日在卡塔尔开幕，以及卡塔尔世界杯所做的准备工作。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8~11.【答案】B、D、C、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第三段Mauna

Loa

has

been

showing

signs

of

erupting

for

years，according

to

the

USGS，which

said

the

ongoing

eruption

was

visible

from

Kona，a

town

on

the

west

coast

of

Hawaii's

main

island

about

72

kilometers

from

the

volcano.（据美国地质调查局称，多年来，Mauna

Loa火山一直有喷发的迹象。该局表示，从夏威夷主岛西海岸的科纳镇可以看到正在进行的喷发，Kona镇距离火山约72公里。）可知，美国地质调查局多年来就监测到它喷发的迹象，所以这一切在预料之中。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段While

it

added

there

were

"no

threats

to

populated

areas

currently，"

it

urged

area

residents

to

review

preparation

procedures.（虽然它补充说"目前人口稠密地区没有受到威胁"，但它敦促该地区居民审查准备程序。）可知，美国地质调查局让当地居民做好一些火山爆发灾难的准备。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据第六段Robin

George

Andrews，a

scientist，said

a

larger

threat

exists

if

lava

begins

to

pour

out

of

so-called

rift

zones（裂谷带）.（科学家罗宾•乔治•安德鲁斯说，如果熔岩开始从所谓的裂谷区涌出，就会面临更大的威胁。）可知，熔岩开始从所谓的裂谷区涌出将会是一个潜在的威胁。故选C。

（4）写作目的题。根据第一段Hawaii's

Mauna

Loa，the

largest

active

volcano

in

the

world，has

erupted

for

the

first

time

in

nearly

40

years，US

authorities

said，erupting

lava

and

ash

Monday，Nov.28th，2022

as

emergency

crews

went

on

alert.

（美国当局表示，夏威夷的莫纳罗亚火山是世界上最大的活火山，近40年来首次喷发，于2022年11月28日星期一爆发熔岩和火山灰，紧急救援人员进入警戒状态。）以及后文可知，作者主要告诉读者一条新闻C．To

tell

a

piece

of

news

to

the

readers.（给读者讲一则新闻。）故选C。

本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读，主要讲述世界上最大的活火山在夏威夷爆发。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】D、C、C、D【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第二段Researchers

from

The

Australian

National

University

analyzed

thousands

of

languages

and

highlighted

a

link

between

higher

levels

of

schooling

and

language

loss，as

regionally

leading

languages

taught

in

class

often

overshadow

native

tongues.Additionally，the

density

of

roads

in

an

area

is

also

to

blame.（澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员分析了数千种语言，并强调了高等教育与语言丧失之间的联系，因为课堂上教授的地区领先语言通常会使母语黯然失色。此外，一个地区的道路密度也是罪魁祸首。）可知，第二段主要讲的是本土语言濒危的原因。故选D项。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段The

study，published

in

Nature，Ecology

and

Evolution，estimates

the

equivalent

（等量，对应物）

of

one

language

is

currently

lost

within

every

three-month

period.But

levels

of

language

loss

could

actually

triple（三倍）in

the

next

40

years，with

at

least

one

language

per

month

disappearing

unless

measures

are

taken.（这项发表在《自然、生态与进化》杂志上的研究估计，目前每三个月就有相当于一种语言消失。但在未来的40年里，语言流失的程度可能会增加两倍，如果不采取措施，每个月至少会有一种语言消失。）可知，根据这项研究，我们知道语言丧失它正在恶化。A．It

is

stable这是稳定的；B．It

is

reasonable这是合理的；C．It

is

worsening正在恶化；D．It

is

uncontrollable这是不可控的。故选C项。

（3）细节理解题。根据第六段中today's

tech-focused

world

could

hold

a

solution.（但今天以科技为中心的世界可能有一个解决方案。）以及第七段中There're

plenty

of

Internet

sites

and

apps

to

help

new

speakers

learn

languages

like

Spanish，English

and

Chinese，but

these

now

extend

to

specialist

apps

designed

to

teach

endangered

languages

or

help

preserve

them.（有很多网站和应用程序可以帮助新使用者学习西班牙语、英语和汉语等语言，但现在这些网站和应用程序已经扩展到专门用于教授或保护濒危语言的应用程序。）可知，科技在拯救土著语言方面起着重要作用。A．Economy经济；B．Education教育；C．Technology科技；D．Globalization全球化。故选C项。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Ma!Iwaidja，for

example，is

an

app

that

enables

those

working

with

speakers

of

the

Iwaidja

language

to

record

words，phrases

and

translations.Another

initiative

is

the

Rosetta

Project，a

global

cooperation

of

language

specialists

and

native

speakers

working

to

build

an

open-access

digital

library

of

human

languages.（例如，Ma!Iwaidja是一款应用程序，可以让那些与说Iwaidja语的人一起工作，记录单词、短语和翻译。另一项倡议是罗塞塔项目，这是一个由语言专家和母语人士组成的全球合作项目，旨在建立一个开放获取的人类语言数字图书馆。）可推知，作者是通过给出一些例子来引入语言保护的理念的。故选D项。

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全世界目前在使用的有记载的语言有7000种，其中一半的语言可能濒临消失。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】B、G、E、D、C【解析】（1）主题判断题。根据后文Ifyourfriendisangryaboutasituationatwork，helpherseethepositivesideofthings（如果你的朋友对工作中的某件事很生气，帮助她看到事情积极的一面）；以及后面的具体说明，可知B选项"帮助她看到积极的一面"可以作为本段的主题句，建议要帮助朋友看到事情积极的一面。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据主题句Sendheracardorpostcard（给她寄张卡片或明信片）；以及前句Dropanoteinthemailtoher（给她寄封信），可知G项"如果你附上一张有趣的卡片，那就更好了"可以承接前文，建议在信里附上一张有趣的卡片。故选G。

（3）推理判断题。根据前句Everyone

needs

to

hear

they

are

smart，strong，and

beautiful

sometimes（每个人都需要听到他们有时聪明、坚强、美丽）；以及后半句astheycanhelpherbuildconfidenceandself-esteem（因为它们可以帮助她建立自信和自尊），可知E项"不要害怕告诉你的朋友这些事"符合前后的因果关系，thesethings指代theyaresmart，strong，andbeautiful。故选E。

（4）推理判断题。根据主题句Tryoutnewthingstogether（一起尝试新事物）；以及后句Ifyouwantyourfriendstobehappy，encouragethemtotrynewthingswithyou（如果你想让你的朋友开心，鼓励他们和你一起尝试新事物），可知D项"反过来，发现你喜欢的新事物"符合语境，介绍要把自己喜欢的新事物介绍给朋友。故选D。

（5）推理判断题。根据主题句Bringheroneofherfavoritetreats（给她带一个她最喜欢的食物）；以及后句Maybeshecan'tlivewithoutanafternooncoffee，ormaybeshehasaspecialloveforblackforestcake（也许她离不开下午的咖啡，也许她对黑森林蛋糕情有独钟），可知C项"你知道你朋友喜欢什么"可以起到承上启下作用，因为你知道你朋友喜欢什么，所以可以给她带一个她最喜欢的食物。故选C。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了让朋友振作起来的一些方法。

这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。

21~35.【答案】D、A、B、B、C、D、B、A、C、B、B、C、A、B、D【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.chemist化学家；A.physicist物理学家；C.geologist地质学家；D.biologist生物学家。故填D。根据上文的"Asawhaleresearcher"和下文的内容可知，NanHauser是一位海洋生物学家，与一头鲸鱼的偶遇让她闻名于世。故选D。

（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.happened发生；B.approached接近；C.bust打破；D.escaped逃脱。根据下文"Justas_（7）_hit，oneofthewhalesuseditsfintopushNanontoitsbackandoutofrangeof…notawhalebutatigershark."可知，她在海上拍摄鲸鱼的视频时，发生了不同寻常的事情。故填A。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.rescuing拯救；A.warning警告；C.waiting等待；D.recommending推荐。根据下文的"thatdangerwasnear"和"Suddenly，shesawawhaleswimtowardsheratfullspeed"可知，鲸鱼发出了危险迫近的警告信号。故选B。

（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.excitement兴奋；B.panic恐慌；C.surprise惊喜；D.disappointment失望。根据下文的"hit"和"oneofthewhalesuseditsfintopushNanontoitsback"可知，NanHauser心里感到非常恐慌。故选B。

（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.really真地；B.clearly显然是；C.safely安全地；D.rudely粗鲁地。根据下文的"accompaniedNanbacktoherboat"可知，这头鲸鱼把她安全地护送回她的船上。故选C。

（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.woman女人；B.boat船；C.shark鲨鱼；D.whale鲸鱼。根据上文的"yelledherappreciation"和下文的"feeling_（7）_forthislifetimeencounter"可知，鲨鱼消失之后，她对这头鲸鱼大声喊着感激的话。故选D。

（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.proud自豪的；B.grateful感谢的；C.hopeful充