高考英语二轮专题复习课件阅读理解微技能之细节理解题

阅读理解方法指导

——细节理解题Welcometoourclass!阅读理解方法指导

——细节理解题WelEversinceIwasachild,foodis________________tome.Iopenedmyfirstrestaurantattheageoftwenty.NowI‘mbetterknownforwritingcookbooks.Forme,__________________athome.It'smyrealinspiration,andIwantto________

myloveofitwithyou.I'mgoingtoshowyoufiverecipesagoodcookwouldbe__________.Mealsyoucouldmakeinyourownkitchen.Lovelyhome-madedishesthatwouldimpressyourfamilyandfriends._______________andyou'llbeabletocooksomeexceptionallygoodfood.meanttheworldshareproudofFollowmyleadnothingbeatscookingEversinceIwasachild,food推理判断

猜测词义阅读常见题型篇章结构主旨大意作者态度细节理解推理判断猜测词义阅读常见题型篇章结构主旨大意作者态度细节高考英语阅读理解题考查方式与比重高考英语阅读理解题考查方式与比重高考阅读考查细节理解题：2015年7题2016年10题2017年9题2018年10题高考阅读考查细节理解题：2015年7题2016年10题2细节理解题测试学生对特定细节或重要事实的辨认能力类型划分1：直接辨认型:

获取信息---记住信息---回忆并对号入座如：WhichbuttonsdirectlycontrolthemovementoftheRocketBall?细节理解题

细节理解题类型划分1：间接辨认型:

获取信息---加工转换---得出正确释义

同义（反义）转换、排序、图文转换、数字转换、细节理解题类型划分1：同义（反义）转换、细节理解题类型划分2：集中型:

就单个特定细节提问，答案位于单句和上下文处如：

Asismentionedinthecard,thelimitation

oftheresearchpapermainlyliesinthat__________细节理解题类型划分2：细节理解题类型划分3：分散型:正确答案和干扰项对应的细节分散在文中多处如：1.WhichofthefollowingisNotMentioned/True?2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat___.3.Allthefollowingstatementsmaybetrueexcept____.

细节理解题类型划分3：细节理解题题型：1.文章细节题：what/who/when/where/how/why2.是非题：WhichofthefollowingisNotTrue?3.图表数据题(计算)4.排序题5.其他题：细节理解题题型：1正误并存；半对半错“干扰项”面面观3无中生有；主观臆想4文不对题；答非所问5张冠李戴；偷换概念

2以偏概全；过于夸大1正误并存；半对半错“干扰项”面面观3无中生有；主观正误并存；半对半错TherobotBuddycanpatrolthehomewhentheresidentsarenothomeandcontactaperson’sphoneifitdetectsanintruderorfire.Manyoftherobotshavecamerasthatactaseyes.Forthoseconcernedaboutsomeonehackingintoarobottopeepintoahome,therearesafeguardstolookforwhenpurchasingone.“Whenthecameraisactivated,wewillshowitonthescreenandspecificlightssoyouknowthatsomeoneisusingyourcamera,”HasselvandersaidaboutBuddy.Whatdoweknowabout“Buddy”?2018willwitnessBuddygointodifferentfamilies.Buddyisequippedwithspecialeyestoprotectitself.Buddycansafeguardthehomeandsoundthefirealarm.Buddyhasanadvantageoverconventionalsmartproducts.正误并存；半对半错TherobotBuddyFoodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.

以偏概全；过于夸大Foodsometimesgetspoison

以偏概全；过于夸大...Thesystemwouldn’tmeanhavingtokeepyourlightsonallthetimeeither,Haassays---bulbscouldbedimmedtosuchapointthattheyappearoff,butstilltransmit.ThesystemcaneasilynetworkanydevicewithanLEDlight—anelectrickettle,anoven.LEDstreetlightscouldevenbeusedtoformanetworkofoutdoorLi-Fi,makingitpossibletostayconnectedwhenwalkingaroundthecity.ButsomesoundacautiousnoteaboutVLC’sfuture.Itbecomeslesspowerful,forexample,whenlightisblocked,wheatherduetofogorotherconditions.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat____

Li-FicanworkwithLEDlightsoff..

Li-Ficanbeusedwithallhouseholdappliances

Li-Fican’tworkoutdoors.

Li-Fineedsimprovingtomeetdiverseneed.以偏概全；过于夸大...Thesystem...Thescientistscomparedhowmuchpressurewasputonthewomen'skneesbybothtypesofshoes.Thewomenalsowalkedbarefoottotestnormalpressure.Thescientistsfoundthatbothtypesofshoesappliedequalamountsofpressuretotheknees.1.Welearnfromthepassagethatwomenchoosechunkyheelsbecause_____.A.theywanttowalkcomfortablyB.chunky（粗短高跟）heeledshoesarecheaperthanstiletto(细高跟)heeledpairsC.chunkyheelsdolessharmtokneesD.chunkyheelsarenotpainfulatall无中生有；主观臆想Wide-heeledshoesfeelcomfortable,

sowomenwearthemalldaylong,”Kerrigansaid.“Theyarebetterforyourfeetthanstilettoheels,butjustashadforyourknees.”......Thescientistscomparedhow

...Thefirststudylookedonlyatstilettoheels,andKerrigansaidshewantedtostudythechunky（粗短）high-heeledshoesshenoticedmanywomenwearing."Thisstudyconfirmswhatweallintuitivelyknowthathigh-heeledshoesofanykindarenotgoodforourhealth,"saidDr.GlennPfeifer,aSanFranciscodoctorKerrigan‘slatestudylookedatthechunkyhigh-heeledshoesbecause_____.A.theyfeelmorecomfortableB.theyarerelatedtokneeosteoarthritisC.theyarewornbymanywomenD.theyaredifferentfromstilettoheels文不对题；答非所问Wide-heeledshoesfeelcomfortable,sowomenwearthemalldaylong,"Kerrigansaid."Theyarebetterforyourfeetthanstiletto（细高跟）heels,butjustashadforyourknees.“......ThefirststudylookedThewarden(狩猎监督官)setoutthreesteeltrapsthatnight.Inthemorningonewasempty.Theothertwohadbeenstolenbythebeavers(河狸)andusedtostrengthenthedam.Thewarden,cursingthestatelawagainsthuntingbeaverswithfirearms,gothistrapsbackandsetthemoutagainandagain.Andeverynightthebeaversstolethem.Whatdidthelocalgamewardendo?A.Hemadesteeltrapstostrengthenthedam.B.Hesetouttohuntthebeaverswithfirearms.C.Helearnedalotabouttheconstructionofthedam.D.Heusedpetrol-soakedbagstodrivethebeaversaway.张冠李戴；偷换概念

Thewarden(狩猎监督官)setoTreatmentcentreshavepoppeduparoundtheworld.In2006Amsterdam’sSmith&Jonesfacilityclaimstobe“thefirstand,currently,theonlyresidentialvideo-gametreatmentprogramintheworld”.InAmericatherestartInternetAddictionRecoveryProgramclaimstotreatinternetaddiction,gamingaddiction,andeven“textingaddiction”.InChina,meanwhile,military-style“bootcamps”arethepreferredwaytotreatinternetproblems.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheworld’seffortstofightInternetaddiction?B.Amsterdamoncestartedtheworld’sfirstvideo-gametreamentprogram.D.Military-stylecampsinChinaprovetobethebesttotreatInternetprobmlems.Treatmentcentreshavep1正误并存；半对半错“干扰项”面面观3无中生有；主观臆想4文不对题；答非所问5张冠李戴；偷换概念

2以偏概全；过于夸大1正误并存；半对半错“干扰项”面面观3无中生有；主观细节理解题解题原则及步骤、方法：原则：忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系，

不能主观臆断步骤和方法：Step1：题干中选定关键词（定位词）Step2：通过略读、查读锁定文中定位区域Step3:结合信息区域上下文理解、比对

Step4:排除干扰项，筛选得出答案细节理解题解题原则及步骤、方法：定位词通常是哪些词？人名、地名等专有名词；年份、数字等数词及题干中的大写名词指代具体事物或人物的名词3.词义鲜明的动词、形容词、副词等实词定位词通常是哪些词？人名、地名等专有名词；年份、数字等数词及题干和正确选项的典型特点替换关键词：把文中关键词转化替换成同/近义词，设置题干或正确选项。词性或语态变化:把原文句中的词变换词性或语态，以制造理解障碍。语言简化,长话短说：把原文中散杂语言现象进行提炼总结，成为题干或正确答案。题干和正确选项的典型特点替换关键词：把文中关键词转化替换成同WhenIwasgrowingupinAmerica,Iwasashamedofmymother’sChineseEnglish.BecauseofherEnglish,shewasoftentreatedunfairly.Peopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.41.Whywastheauthor'smotherpoorlyserved?A.ShewasunabletospeakgoodEnglish.B.Shewasoftenmisunderstood.C.Shewasnotclearlyheard.D.Shewasnotverypolite.替换关键词（同/近义词替换）偷换概念无中生有WhenIwasgrowingupinAme

Confucius...assumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedonindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelieved...66.Whatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingto

Confucius?A.Family B.PotentialC.KnowledgeD.Community词性或语态变化Confucius...assumedthat

Traditionally,peoplehavedrunkbottledwaterforhealthreasons.Thepracticeof“takingthewaters”originatedwiththeRomans,whobelievedthatapersondevelopedahealthymindbybuildingahealthybody.AcrossEurope,drinkingorbathinginmineralwaterhasbeenassociatedwiththepowertocurevariousdiseases1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?Bottledwaterwasoncedrunkbothbytherichandthepoor.Bottledwatersaleshaverisen,forit'scheaperthantapwater.Europeansbelievedinthepoweroftreatmentofmineralwater.Americanshavehadthehabitofdrinkingbottledwaterforlong.词性或语态变化无中生有Traditionally,peoplehavUnfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru'sfinancialproblem?A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney

B.ItspenttoomuchrepairingtheislandC.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney

D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.语言简化，长话短说偷换概念未然变已然Unfortunately,thelea

1.关注起承转合的过渡词，如however，but，moreover，therefore，hence，thus，nevertheless等，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。2.警惕语气绝对的词，如：must,never,themost,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,none，completely,absolutely等，通常不是答案3.关注试探性语气的词，如probably,

possibly,

may,

usually,

might,

more

or

less,relatively,

be

likely

to,

not

necessary,

，tend

to，be

liable

to，往往是答案

选项的其他注意事项选项的其他注意事项3.了解题目设计常考位置因果关系处转折处引言处列举处比较处3.了解题目设计常考位置Pcactice