托福阅读-事实信息题课件

托福阅读

----事实信息题托福阅读

----事实信息题1事实信息题I.题型识别II.解题步骤III.正确选项特点IV.错误选项特点事实信息题I.题型识别2I.题型识别Accordingtoparagraph,whichofthefollowingistrueofX?Accordingtoparagraph,whydidXdoY?Accordingtoparagraph7,untiltheeighteenthcentury,itwastheprincipalfunctionofwhichofthefollowingto?Accordingtoparagraph6,merchantswereabletoavoidtheriskofcarryinglargeamountsofgoldandsilverby?I.题型识别Accordingtoparagraph,3II.解题步骤Step-1.定位（根据关键词缩小定位区间）Step-2.比较原文与选项（挑选答案，若题目较难则用排除法）II.解题步骤Step-1.定位Step-2.比较原文与选项4II.解题步骤Step-1:定位

Psychologicalresearchersgenerallyrecognizethatfacialexpressionsreflectemotionalstates.Infact,variousemotionalstatesgiverisetocertainpatternsofelectricalactivityinthefacialmusclesandinthebrain.Thefacial-feedbackhypothesisargues,however,thatthecausalrelationshipbetweenemotionsandfacialexpressionscanalsoworkintheoppositedirection.Accordingtothishypothesis,signalsfromthefacialmuscles("feedback)aresentbacktoemotioncentersofthebrain,andsoaperson'sfacialexpressioncaninfluencethatperson'semotionalstate.ConsiderDarwin'swords:"Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions."Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Accordingtotheparagraph3,whatdidDarwinbelievewouldhappentohumanemotionsthatwerenotexpressed?○Theywouldbecomelessintense.○Theywouldlastlongerthanusual.○Theywouldcauseproblemslater.○Theywouldbecomemorenegative

Step-1.定位:根据关键词缩小定位区间。II.解题步骤Step-1:定位According5II.解题步骤Step-2:比较原文与选项

ConsiderDarwin'swords:"Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions."Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Accordingtotheparagraph3,whatdidDarwinbelievewouldhappentohumanemotionsthatwerenotexpressed?○Theywouldbecomelessintense.○Theywouldlastlongerthanusual.○Theywouldcauseproblemslater.○Theywouldbecomemorenegative

Step-2.比较原文与选项：挑选答案，若题目较难则用排除法。II.解题步骤Step-2:比较原文与选项Accor6II.解题步骤Step-2:比较原文与选项

ConsiderDarwin'swords:"Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions."Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Accordingtotheparagraph3,whatdidDarwinbelievewouldhappentohumanemotionsthatwerenotexpressed?○Theywouldbecomelessintense.○Theywouldlastlongerthanusual.○Theywouldcauseproblemslater.○Theywouldbecomemorenegative

Step-2.比较原文与选项：挑选答案，若题目较难则用排除法。II.解题步骤Step-2:比较原文与选项Accor7II.解题步骤总结Step-1.小定位：a.根据题干关键词缩小定位区间。Step-2.比较原文与选项：挑选答案，若题目较难则用排除法。II.解题步骤总结8II.解题步骤-例题

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.II.解题步骤-例题Paragraph2：Thefun9II.解题步骤Step-1:定位

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.Step-1.定位:根据关键词缩小定位区间。II.解题步骤Step-1:定位Paragraph2：T10II.解题步骤Step-1:定位

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.Step-1.定位:根据关键词缩小定位区间。II.解题步骤Step-1:定位Paragraph2：T11II.解题步骤Step-2:比较原文与选项

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.Step-2.比较原文与选项：挑选答案，若题目较难则用排除法。II.解题步骤Step-2:比较原文与选项Paragrap12II.解题步骤

例题In1820underanewlandlaw,afarmcouldbeboughtfor$100.Thecontinuedproliferationofbanksmadeiteasierforthosewithoutcashtonegotiateloansinpapermoney.WesternFarmersborrowedwiththeconfidentexpectationthattheexpandingeconomywouldkeepfarmpriceshigh,thusmakingiteasytorepayloanswhentheyfelldue.Accordingtoparagraph3,whatwasthesignificanceofthelandlawpassedin1820?（）0Itgrantedgovernment-supportedloanstofarmers.0Itprovidedfarmlandatanaffordableprice.0Itrequiredbankstoofferloanstofarmers.0Itenabledfarmerstoselltheirlandforaprofit.II.解题步骤例题In1820underanew13II.例题比较Transportationwasbecominglessofaproblemforthosewhowishedtomovewestandforthosewhohandfarmsurplusestosendtomarket.Priorto1815,westernfarmerswhodidnotliveonnavigablewaterwayswereconnectedtothemonlybydirtroadsandmountaintrails.Livestockcouldbedrivenacrossthemountains,butthecostoftransportingbulkygrainsinthisfashionwasseveraltimesgreaterthantheirvalueineasternmarkets.Thefirststeptowardanimprovementofwesterntransportationwastheconstructionofturnpikes.Theseroadsmadepossibleareductionintransportationcostsandthusstimulatedthecommercializationofagriculturealongtheirroutes.

8.Paragraph4suggeststhatturnpikesaffectedfarmersby（）makingthepriceofgrainuniformforbotheasternandwesternfarmersmakingwesternfarmproductsmoreprofitablethaneasternfarmproductsallowingfarmerstodrivetheirlivestockacrossmountaintrailsallowingagreaternumberoffarmerstoselltheirfarmproductsinacommercialmarketII.例题比较Transportationwasbeco14II.例题比较Transportationwasbecominglessofaproblemforthosewhowishedtomovewestandforthosewhohandfarmsurplusestosendtomarket.Priorto1815,westernfarmerswhodidnotliveonnavigablewaterwayswereconnectedtothemonlybydirtroadsandmountaintrails.Livestockcouldbedrivenacrossthemountains,butthecostoftransportingbulkygrainsinthisfashionwasseveraltimesgreaterthantheirvalueineasternmarkets.Thefirststeptowardanimprovementofwesterntransportationwastheconstructionofturnpikes.Theseroadsmadepossibleareductionintransportationcostsandthusstimulatedthecommercializationofagriculturealongtheirroutes.

8.Paragraph4suggeststhatturnpikesaffectedfarmersby（）0makingthepriceofgrainuniformforbotheasternandwesternfarmers0makingwesternfarmproductsmoreprofitablethaneasternfarmproducts0allowingfarmerstodrivetheirlivestockacrossmountaintrails0allowingagreaternumberoffarmerstoselltheirfarmproductsinacommercialmarketII.例题比较Transportationwasbeco15II.解题步骤总结Step-1.小定位：b.若题干无法精确定位，可从大定位区间第一句话开始读，每读一至两句话，看一遍选项进行排除）Step-2.比较原文与选项：挑选答案，若题目较难则用排除法。II.解题步骤总结16III.正确选项特点(1)所考段落内阐明的信息(2)该信息的同义改写III.正确选项特点(1)所考段落内阐明的信息17III.正确选项特点1&2

ConsiderDarwin'swords:"Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions."Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Accordingtotheparagraph3,whatdidDarwinbelievewouldhappentohumanemotionsthatwerenotexpressed?○Theywouldbecomelessintense.○Theywouldlastlongerthanusual.○Theywouldcauseproblemslater.○Theywouldbecomemorenegative

正确选项特点1&2：所考段落内阐明的信息及该信息的同义改写III.正确选项特点1&2Accordingto18IV.错误选项特点(1)无：原文未提及(2)反：与原文矛盾(3)混：从上下文找一些词与考点区间的词混一起组成新意思(4)极端词：never,all,alwaysnone,completely,most（例外：极端词之前出现否定或原文考点区间出现极端词）

(5)虚假比较:比较的选项（less/more/betterthan)常被设为错误选项

IV.错误选项特点(1)无：原文未提及19IV.错误选项特点

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.IV.错误选项特点Paragraph2：Thefunc20IV.错误选项特点

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothre