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第第页广东省汕头市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题(含解析)广东省汕头市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、阅读理解
WhateverattractsyoutoIreland,thegreenlandscape,theancientcastlesoritscultures—thesetourswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtimehere.
LallyTours
ExplorethewestcoastofIrelandonthisbustrip.Theroute(路线)onthiseight-hourjourneywindsthroughthepicturesqueTwelveBensmountainrange.AmongthestopsareascenicmountainsidevillageandthegreatKylemoreAbbey(修道院),a19th-centuryabbeyfeaturingaVictorianwalledgardenandaneo-Gothicchurch.
Ticketsforthetourstartat$50foradults,$39forchildren5to12and$28forchildrenyoungerthan5.Discountsareofferedtoseniorsandstudents.
DerosTours
ObservetheuniquelandscapeoftheIveraghPeninsula,includingIreland’shighestmountain,onthisabout6.5-hourbusride.StopsincludethevillagesofGlenbeigh,WatervilleandSneem.FromMarchtoOctober,coachesalsostoptoshowhowdogsaretrainedtoguardsheep.AhighpointisavisittoMoll’sGap.AnotherhighlightistheLadiesViewattheKillarneyLakes.
Ticketscost$35foranyone13orolder,exceptstudentswithID,whopay$25;feesforthoseyoungerthan12startat$20.
KillarneyJauntingCars
Onthishourlonghorsecoachride,you’lltraveltobothKillarneyNationalParkandRossCastle,passingsightslikeStMary’sCathedralandMacGillycuddy’sReeksalongtheway.WhyacoachrideThismeansoftransportationallowsvisitorstoseepartsoftheparkwherecarsarenotallowed.
Feesstartat$33forriders13andolder,and$14forthoseyoungerthan13.
KillarneyLakeTours
SeethesightsofKillarneyfromLoughLeane,thearea’slargestlake,onthishourlongboatride.WaterbusesstartfromandreturntoRossCastleandpassattractions,suchasInnisfallenIsland’smonastic(庙宇的)ruinsandO’Sullivan’sCascade,aswellasthenearbymountains.
Pricesstartat$13foradults,$11forseniorsand$6.50forchildrenyoungerthan12.
1.OnwhichtourcanyouvisitthetallestmountainofIreland
A.LallyTours.B.DerosTours.
C.KillarneyJauntingCars.D.KillarneyLakeTours.
2.WhattransportisbestfortravellinginKillarneyNationalPark
A.Byboat.B.Bycoach.C.Bybus.D.Bycar.
3.Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir15-year-oldsonpayontheKillarneyLakeTour
A.$39.B.$37.C.$32.5.D.$28.5.
HachikowasanAkitaInu(秋田犬)whowasbornin1923inacounty,Japan.AyearlaterhebecameagiftforthedaughterofaprofessorofTokyoUniversity.Whentheprofessor,EisaburoUeno,sawhimforthefirsttime,herealizedthathislegswerealittlebent.Theylookedlikethekanji(汉字)“八”thatrepresentsthenumber8,whichinJapaneseispronouncedhachi,sohedecidedtonamehimHachiko.
WhenUeno’sdaughtergrewup,shemarriedandwenttolivewithherhusband,leavingthedogbehind.Theprofessorlikedhim,sohedecidedtokeepHachiinsteadofgivinghimaway.
UenowenttoworkbytraineverydayandHachikobecamehisfaithfulcompanion.EverymorningthedogaccompaniedhisownertotheShibuyatrainstationandintheafternoonhewentbacktomeethisownerwhenUenoreturned.
Oneday,whileteachingattheuniversity,Uenosufferedasuddencerebralhemorrhage(脑溢血)whichendedhislife.However,HachikocontinuedtowaitforhimattheShibuyastation.
DayafterdayHachikowenttothestationandwaitedforhoursforhisowner,lookingforhisfaceamongthethousandsofstrangerspassingby.Thesedaysturnedintomonthsandmonthsandeventuallyintoyears.Hachikowaitedtirelesslyforhisownerforninelongyears.Throughrain,snoworsunshine,hewouldappearattheexacttiehismaster’strainwasdueinthestation.
ThelocalsofShibuyaknewHachikoandhadregularlyseenhimwithProfessorUeno.Duetothebusynessofthestation,manyfounditannoyingtohavethedoggettingintheway.However,whentheyrealizedwhathadhappened,theytookchargeoffeedingandtakingcareofhimwhilehewaitedinthedoorofthestation.
Hachikokeptwaitingforhisownerwhowouldneverappear.Afterhisdeath,wherehewaitedforUenoeveryday,in1934,astatueofhimwasputupinfrontofthesametrainstation.
4.WhydidUenocalltheAkitaInuHachiko
A.Becauseofhisage.B.Becauseofhisnumber.
C.Becauseofhisappearance.D.Becauseofhispronunciation.
5.WhendidHachikobegintoaccompanyUenotothestationeveryday
A.AfterUenohimselfkeptHachiko.
B.BeforeUeno’sdaughtergotmarried.
C.WhenUenosufferedabraindisease.
D.WhileUenowasteachingattheuniversity.
6.Whatcanbeconcludedaccordingtothepassage
A.Hachikowas9yearsoldwhenhedied.
B.HachikowasagiftfromUeno’sdaughter.
C.Hachikowasunawareofhismaster’sdeath.
D.Hachikowasanannoyanceforthelocalpeople.
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext
A.AkitaInu,aKindofSmartDogB.Hachiko,aFaithfulDog
C.ShibuyaStation’sStatuetoaDogD.People’sKindnesstoaDog
AccordingtoastudypublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,playinganinstrumentasachildkeepsthemindsharperasweage.
Thestudy,doneattheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenter,elected70healthyadultsbetweentheages60and83,whoweredividedintogroupsbasedontheirlevelsofmusicalexperience.Themusiciansperformedbetterinseveralcognitive(认知的)teststhanindividualswhohadneverstudiedaninstrumentorlearnedhowtoreadmusic.Thebrainfunctionsmeasuredbytheteststendtogoworsewithage.
“Musicalactivitythroughoutlifemayserveasachallengingcognitiveexercise,makingyourbrainfitterandmorecapableofmeetingthechallengesofaging,”saidleadresearcherBrendaHanna-Pladdy.“Sincestudyinganinstrumentrequiresyearsofpracticeandlearning,itmaycreateconnectionsinthebrainthatcouldmakeupforcognitivedropaswegetolder.”
“Music-makingisconnectedtoanumberofhealthbenefitsforolderadults,”saidSuzanneHanser,chairofthemusictreatmentdepartmentattheBerkleeCollegeofMusicinBoston.“Researchshowsthatmakingmusiccanlowerbloodpressure,slowheartrate,reducestress,andeaseanxiety.Thereisalsoincreasingevidencethatmakingmusicenhancestheimmunological(免疫)response,whichenablesustofightdisease,”Hansersaid.Hansersaidthatanyone,withoutconsideringageorability,canmakemusicandbenefitfromit.
“Peoplearenotonlylivinglongerthesedays;theywanttoremainhealthyandactiveforaslongaspossible,”saidAntoinetteFollett,editor-in-chiefof“MakingMusic”magazine.“Plus,thereisanincreasingfocusinthemedicalcommunityontheneedtokeepthebrainashealthyasthebody.Thisfocusisasmuchaboutmakingtheemptynestandretirementyearsfunandworthwhileasitisaboutpreventingdebilitatingdementias(衰弱性痴呆)suchasAlzheimer’sdisease.Musicmakingisabletodoboth.”
8.Among4healthyadultsbelow,whomightperformbetterinthecognitivetests
A.Aseniorwhousedtoteachreading.
B.Anagedmanwhoknewamusician.
C.Agrandpawhooftenlistenedtomusic.
D.Anoldladywhoenjoyedplayingtheguitar.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enhances”inParagraph4probablymean
A.Disables.B.Frees.C.Improves.D.Operates.
10.Whatcanweconcludeaccordingtothepassage
A.Brainfunctionsgoworsewithage.
B.Learningmusicisabletostopaging.
C.Musicisbeneficialtobrainandbody.
D.Playinganinstrumentcanfightdiseases.
11.Inwhichpartofanewspapercouldthisarticleprobablybefound
A.Culture.B.Art.C.Medicine.D.Health.
Adroughtisaperiodoftimewhenanareaorregionexperiencesbelow-normalrainfall.Thelackofenoughrainfall,eitherrainorsnow,cancausereducedsoilwetnessorgroundwater,diminishedsteamlow(减少的水流),croploss,andageneralwatershortage.Droughtsarethesecond-mostcostlyweathereventsafterhurricanes.
Theearlyeffectsofadroughtmaybedifficulttoidentifyrightaway,soitmaytakeweeksormonthstodeterminethatadroughthasstarted.Theendofadroughtishardtoidentifyforthesamereason.Adroughtmaylastforweeks,months,orevenyears.Sometimes,droughtconditionscanexistfortenyearsormoreinaregion.Thelongeradroughtlasts,thegreatertheharmfuleffectsithasonpeople.
Droughtsaffectpeopleinseveralways.Cleandrinkingwaterissignificantforalllife,andsourcesofwatermaynarrowduringadrought.Withoutthepresenceofwater,peoplemustbringinenoughwaterfromelsewheretosurvive.Waterisalsoneededforcropstogrow.Whennotenoughrainfallstonaturallywatercrops,theymustbewateredbyirrigation(灌溉).Irrigationispossibleonlywhenthereisenoughwaterinnearbyrivers,lakes,orstreams,orfromgroundwater.Duringadrought,thesewatersourcesarediminishedandmayevendryup,preventingcropsfrombeingirrigatedandcausingthemtodieoff.
OnepersonstudyingtheseproblemsisAlexandraCousteau,aNationalGeographicEmergingExplorerwhoselatestplanisBlueLegacy.ShestartedBlueLegacytoraiseawarenessthatweliveonawaterplanetandmusttakecareofit.Cousteau,thegranddaughterofthewell-knownoceanexplorerJacquesCousteau,believesthatwaterwillbeakeyissueinthiscentury.Shepredictsthatwaterproblemssuchasdrought,storms,floods,anddegradedwaterqualitywillcreate“waterrefugees”,peoplemovinginsearchofwater.CousteaustressesthatwemustdoallwecantoprotectEarth’svaluablefreshwaterresources.
12.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph
A.Tointroducewhatadroughtis.B.Tocomparedroughtswithhurricanes.
C.Toexplainwhyadroughtoccurs.D.Toraiseawarenessofsomedisasters.
13.Amongalldisasters,whatisspecialaboutdroughts
A.Theycausethegreatestharms.B.Theyarehardtospotinnotime.
C.Theyusuallyendfornoreason.D.Theyinfluencepeople’sliving.
14.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus
A.Cropscannotgrowwithoutwater.
B.Irrigationisimpossibleduringadrought.
C.Therearemanywaystopreventdroughts.
D.Droughtsinfluencelivingandagriculture.
15.Whyis“waterrefugees”mentionedinthelastparagraph
A.TopopularizeBlueLegacy.
B.Totellweliveonawaterplanet.
C.Topersuadepeopletolookforwater.
D.Tostresstheimportanceofwaterresource.
二、七选五
SecretsofGreatSavers
Wonderinghowtosavemoremoneybuthavenoideawheretocut16Theycanmakeyourmoneygofurtherandhelpyouliveamorefinanciallysecure(保障的)life.Youcanforma“hand-me-down”club.Sincekidsgrowsofast,theirclothesquicklybecomeunwearableeventhoughtheystilllooknice.17Insteadofmakingyourlocalkids’clothingstorerich,organiseaclubofparentsfromyourchild’sschoolordaycaretoexchangehand-me-downclothing.
18Alwaysbuythesamecolourandstyleofsocksforyourchild—preferablywhite,sinceyoucanbleach(漂白)themwhentheyarestained.Sincesocksalwaysdisappear,whenyouloseoneofapair,youcanpairitupwithanother,becausetheyareallthesame.
Itisagoodideatotakeajobforadiscount.Ifyouarelookingforapart-timejob,filloutapplicationsatshopswhereyouoftendoyourshopping.19Ifyouhaveteenagersinyourhomewhoarereadyforajob,encouragethemtoworkatyourfamily’sfavouritestoreswithemployeediscountstoo.Notonlywillyoubenefitfromthediscountbutyouwillalsogainaccesstoanewworldofinsideinformationonupcomingsales!
WhynothelpyourfriendmoveAlwayshelpfriendspacktheirbelongingsandloadthetruckwhentheyaremoving.Whenpeopleareloadingtheirhouseholdsintoboxes,theyusuallyfinditemsthattheynolongerneedordonotwanttopackorunpack.Asaresult,youcanbringhomehundredsofpoundsworthoffrozenfood,tableware,books,toys,furniture(家具)andotherhouseholditems.20
A.Getsocksofonecolour.
B.Bleachsockstowhitenthem.
C.Wesharefoursecretsofsupersavershere.
D.So,parentsbuyalotofnewclothestomeettheneed.
E.Bestofalltheywillstillthinkyou’vedonethemafavour.
F.Forexample,clothingshopsmaygivetheiremployeesadiscount.
G.Oncetheydoafavor,yourproblemwillprobablybesolvedveryquickly.
三、完形填空
Schoolissaidtobeatemple(殿堂)ofknowledge.Itistheveryfirstpacethat21youtotheworldandyourownself.
Myschoollifeisallaboutthememories.Ideeply22friendshipandallthesportandafter-school23butalsothewaythathelpedmefindmyinterests.Iowe(把……归功于)themalltomyschoollife.Ithasmademethe24Iamtoday.
Myschoollifehasbeenfullofdifferent25overtheyears.Itgavemeavarietyofopportunitiesto26notonlymylearningabilitiesbutalsotheartandsportskills.Itsupportedmeinmysportsaswellas27metoknowalltypesofpeople.Alloftheseaccountedtomakemeunderstandhowtobehave28andtohelpmeforma29whichIhavetoday.
Therearecountlessthingsthatmakeschoollifethebest30inone’slife.Allofthiseventuallyisbecauseweareyoungtomake31againandagaintillwerealize,stupidenoughnotto32peopleanddowhatwefeellikedoing,and33toexploreeverythingwecan.Mostimportantly,wearestillnotmessedwiththe34feelingsofthisworld.Andallofthesemakeus35apersonalityofourown.
21.A.throwsB.lendsC.devotesD.introduces
22.A.protectB.hideC.treasureD.trust
23.A.quarrelsB.examinationsC.partiesD.activities
24.A.studentB.teacherC.personD.parent
25.A.stylesB.experiencesC.jobsD.sports
26.A.useB.developC.requireD.stress
27.A.advisedB.enabledC.selectedD.organized
28.A.differentlyB.normallyC.sociallyD.professionally
29.A.habitB.groupC.personalityD.club
30.A.stageB.destinationC.sceneD.event
31.A.mistakesB.preparationsC.friendsD.experiments
32.A.thinkaboutB.chatwithC.lookforD.learnfrom
33.A.anxiousB.curiousC.generousD.serious
34.A.positiveB.specialC.colorfulD.ill
35.A.chooseB.controlC.changeD.build
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
WorldBookDaywascreatedonApril23rd,1995,bytheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO).Theconnectionbetweenthatdateandbooks,however,wasmade36Spainin1923,asitistheanniversary(周年纪念日)ofthe37(die)ofWilliamShakespeareandIncaGarcilasodelaVega,famousSpanishChronicler.
Therewereafew38(idea)forthedayoftheyearthatWorldBookDayshouldbeheld.39(original),VicenteClavelAndres,aValencianwriter,suggestedthatthedayshouldbeonaday40honoredtheauthorMigueldeCervantes.Thiswouldbeeitherhisbirthday,October7,orthedatewhenhepassedaway,April23.The41(choose)dateisthelatteronebecauseitwasalsothedatewhenWilliamShakespearediedandwhenIncaGarcilasodelaVegadiedtoo.Infact,severalotherwell-knownauthorshavealsodiedonApril23—perhapsauthorsshouldbewary(留神的)ofthisdate!
Insomecountries,WorldBookDayactually42(take)placeonotherdaysoftheyear,despitethefactthattheintentionaleventwascreatedbyUNESCO.Forexample,Sweden,theUnitedKingdom,andIrelandallcelebrate43(they)ownWorldBookDayeventson44differentday.However,theinternationalday45(hold)onthesamedayeachyearsinceitbeganin1995.
五、根据汉语意思填写单词
46.Parentsareproudoftheirchildren’s(成就).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47.Sheisa(定期的;常规的)customeratthefishmarket.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48.Heisan(精力充沛的)boyandhedoessportseveryday.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49.Iamwritingto(申请)forthejobasapart-timeeditor.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50.Don’ttouchthemushroom,becauseitcontainssomething(有毒的).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51.Themoneywas(捐赠)byananonymous(匿名的)localbusinessman.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52.Rubbishcaneasilybeseparatedandsortedinto(塑料),glassandpaper.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53.Onlywhenwelivein(和谐)withnaturecanthisworldbeabetterplace.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54.Familymembersgatheraroundatable,enjoyingfoodandeachother’s(陪伴).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55.Weapologizeforthedelay(耽搁)andregretany(不便)itmayhavecaused.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
六、其他应用文
56.假定你是李华,你校外教Tom发邮件向你询问潮汕方言和普通话的区别,请你给他回复,内容包括:
1.两者发音不同,语法相似;
2.潮汕方言对于潮汕人的意义。
参考词汇:潮汕方言Chaoshandialect;普通话Mandarin
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
DearTom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
LiHua
七、读后续写
57.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
TonyandIwereinourschoolbasketballteam,theLions.WelovedbasketballandwerebothhugefansoftheNBA.Whenweweren’tplayingonthecourt,wewerewatchingagameonTV.MyfavouriteplayerwasLeBronJameswhileTony’swasTyroneBogues.
Bogueswasonly1.6metrestall,whichmadehimtheshortestplayereverintheNBA.GuesswhatTonywasonly1.6metrestall,too!Tonyknewthatbeingshorterthanotherplayersmeantthathehadtopractisemore.Duringallthosehoursofdoingjumpshotsonhisown,heusedBoguesashisinspiration.Tonyoncesaid,“IfBoguescouldmakeit,whynotme”
Butourcoachwasnotsosure.Tonyhadtotryoutmanytimesjustformakingtheteam.Hewasstillusuallyonthebench(场边休息区),beingjustareplacement.EveryoneknewTonyhadrealskills,andwassomeonewhoworkedreallyhardandhadastrongdesiretoplayfortheteam.However,Tonydidn’tgetachance.
Thisweek,theLionswereplayingourmaincompetitors,theBears,ateamwhoserecordthisseasonhadbeenperfect.Theyhadn’tlostasinglegame.
Thelastquarterbegan,andmyteamwasbehindby10points.Suddenly,aplayerandIcrashedintoeachother.Painracedthroughmybody.Mykneehurtbadly.“Idon’tthinkIcanplayanymore,coach,”Isaidquietlyasthedoctorputanicepackonmyknee.
“Noway,”thecoachrepliedsharply.“We’vegotnomoreplayers!”
注意:
1.续写词数应为100左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“WhataboutTony”someonesuggested.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页,共3页
试卷第1页,共3页
参考答案:
1.B2.B3.A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个爱尔兰的旅行。
1.细节理解题。根据DerosTours部分“ObservetheuniquelandscapeoftheIveraghPeninsula,includingIreland’shighestmountain,onthisabout6.5-hourbusride.(乘坐约6.5小时的巴士,可以欣赏到艾维拉格半岛的独特景观,包括爱尔兰最高的山峰。)”可知,在DerosTours旅行中可以参观爱尔兰最高的山峰。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据KillarneyJauntingCars部分“WhyacoachrideThismeansoftransportationallowsvisitorstoseepartsoftheparkwherecarsarenotallowed.(为什么坐长途汽车?这种交通方式可以让游客看到公园里不允许开车的地方。)”可知,在基拉尼国家公园,乘坐长途汽车最适合旅行。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据KillarneyLakeTours部分“Pricesstartat$13foradults,$11forseniorsand$6.50forchildrenyoungerthan12.(成人起价13美元,老年人起价11美元,12岁以下儿童起价6.50美元。)”可知,15岁孩子是成人价13美元,一对夫妇应该付26美元,一共应付39美元。故选A。
4.C5.A6.C7.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一只名叫Hachiko的秋田犬,它陪伴主人每天去车站上下班,主人去世后,它仍然每天在车站等待主人的归来,坚持了九年之久,最终在车站门口竖起了一座它的雕像。
4.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whentheprofessor,EisaburoUeno,sawhimforthefirsttime,herealizedthathislegswerealittlebent.Theylookedlikethekanji(汉字)“八”thatrepresentsthenumber8,whichinJapaneseispronouncedhachi,sohedecidedtonamehimHachiko.(当教授上野第一次看到它时,他意识到它的腿有点弯曲。它的腿看起来像汉字“八”,代表数字8,在日语中发音为“hachi”,因此他决定给它取名为八公。)”可知,因为狗狗的腿有点弯曲,看起来像汉字“八”,代表数字8,在日语中发音为“hachi”,因此上野决定给它取名为Hachiko。故选C。
5.细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhenUeno’sdaughtergrewup,shemarriedandwenttolivewithherhusband,leavingthedogbehind.Theprofessorlikedhim,sohedecidedtokeepHachiinsteadofgivinghimaway.(上野的女儿长大后,结婚了,和丈夫一起生活,留下了狗。教授很喜欢它,所以他决定留下八公,而不是把它送人。)”以及第三段中“UenowenttoworkbytraineverydayandHachikobecamehisfaithfulcompanion.(上野每天坐火车去上班,八公成了他忠实的伙伴。)”可知,在上野的女儿长大后,结婚后只剩下教授和八公,上野自己养了Hachiko之后,八公每天开始陪伴上野去车站。故选A。
6.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Oneday,whileteachingattheuniversity,Uenosufferedasuddencerebralhemorrhage(脑溢血)whichendedhislife.(有一天,上野在大学教书时突发脑溢血,结束了他的生命。)”以及根据第五段中“DayafterdayHachikowenttothestationandwaitedforhoursforhisowner,lookingforhisfaceamongthethousandsofstrangerspassingby.Thesedaysturnedintomonthsandmonthsandeventuallyintoyears.Hachikowaitedtirelesslyforhisownerforninelongyears.Throughrain,snoworsunshine,hewouldappearattheexacttiehismaster’strainwasdueinthestation.(日复一日,八公去车站等他的主人几个小时,在成千上万路过的陌生人中寻找他的脸。这些日子变成了月复一月,最后变成了年复一年。八公不知疲倦地等了它的主人整整九年。无论下雨、下雪还是晴天,他都会准时出现在主人的火车到站的时间。)”以及最后一段中“Hachikokeptwaitingforhisownerwhowouldneverappear.(八公一直在等待他的主人,而他的主人永远不会出现。)”可知,八公一直等待着自己的主人上野的出现,可是它不知道自己的主人已经突发脑溢血去世了。故选C。
7.主旨大意题。通读全文,本文讲述了一只名叫八公的秋田犬,它陪伴主人每天去车站上下班,主人去世后,它仍然每天在车站等待主人的归来,坚持了九年之久,最终在车站门口竖起了一座它的雕像。B选项“Hachiko,aFaithfulDog(忠犬Hachiko)”概括文章的内容,符合文章标题。故选B。
8.D9.C10.A11.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究:孩童时期学习乐器可以使人晚年时的大脑更加敏锐。此外,制作音乐还能增强免疫反应,帮助人们抵抗疾病。
8.细节理解题。根据第一段中“AccordingtoastudypublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,playinganinstrumentasachildkeepsthemindsharperasweage.(根据米国心理协会发表的一项研究,小时候演奏一种乐器可以让我们长大后思维更敏捷。)”可知,小时候演奏一种乐器可以让我们长大后思维更敏捷。因此弹吉他的老太太会在认知测试中表现得更好。因此D选项“Anoldladywhoenjoyedplayingtheguitar.(一位喜欢弹吉他的老太太。)”符合文章内容。故选D。
9.词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“whichenablesustofightdisease(这能让我们能够对抗疾病)”可知,创作音乐能够增强免疫力,由此对抗我们的身体疾病。故划线词与C选项为同义词,意为“提升,促进”。故选C。
10.推理判断题。根据第三段“Sincestudyinganinstrumentrequiresyearsofpracticeandlearning,itmaycreateconnectionsinthebrainthatcouldmakeupforcognitivedropaswegetolder.(由于学习一种乐器需要多年的练习和学习,它可能会在大脑中建立联系,弥补随着年龄增长而出现的认知能力下降)”可知,随着年龄的增长,大脑功能越来越差。故选A。
11.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AccordingtoastudypublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,playinganinstrumentasachildkeepsthemindsharperasweage.(根据米国心理协会发表的一项研究,小时候演奏一种乐器可以让我们长大后思维更敏捷。)”以及通读全文可知,文章介绍了一项研究:孩童时期学习乐器可以使人晚年时的大脑更加敏锐。此外,制作音乐还能增强免疫反应,帮助人们抵抗疾病,故推断文章出自于报纸中关于健康的部分。故选D。
12.A13.B14.D15.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是干旱、干旱的特点以及干旱的影响。
12.推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Adroughtisaperiodoftimewhenanareaorregionexperiencesbelow-normalrainfall.Thelackofenoughrainfall,eitherrainorsnow,cancausereducedsoilwetnessorgroundwater,diminishedsteamlow(减少的水流),croploss,andageneralwatershortage.Droughtsarethesecond-mostcostlyweathereventsafterhurricanes.(干旱是指一个地区的降雨量低于正常水平的一段时间。缺乏足够的降雨,无论是雨还是雪,都可能导致土壤湿度或地下水减少、蒸汽量减少、作物损失和普遍缺水。干旱是仅次于飓风的第二大天气事件。)”可知,本段主要介绍了什么是干旱以及引起干旱的因素。因此第一段的作用是介绍什么是干旱。故选A。
13.细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Theearlyeffectsofadroughtmaybedifficulttoidentifyrightaway,soitmaytakeweeksormonthstodeterminethatadroughthasstarted.Theendofadroughtishardtoidentifyforthesamereason.Adroughtmaylastforweeks,months,orevenyears.(干旱的早期影响可能很难立即确定,因此可能需要数周或数月的时间才能确定干旱已经开始。由于同样的原因,干旱的结束很难确定。干旱可能持续数周、数月甚至数年。)”可知,在所有灾害中,干旱的特别之处在于它们很难在短时间内被发现。故选B。
14.主旨大意题。根据第三自然段“Droughtsaffectpeopleinseveralways.(干旱对人们的影响有几个方面。)”可知,本段主要介绍干旱对人们的影响。又根据本段“Cleandrinkingwaterissignificantforalllife,andsourcesofwatermaynarrowduringadrought.(清洁的饮用水对所有生命都很重要,干旱期间水源可能会减少。)”和“Waterisalsoneededforcropstogrow.Whennotenoughrainfallstonaturallywatercrops,theymustbewateredbyirrigation(灌溉).(作物生长也需要水。当降雨量不足以自然灌溉作物时,必须通过灌溉来解决。)”可知,第三段主要阐述干旱对生活和农业的影响。故选D。
15.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shepredictsthatwaterproblemssuchasdrought,storms,floods,anddegradedwaterqualitywillcreate“waterrefugees”,peoplemovinginsearchofwater.CousteaustressesthatwemustdoallwecantoprotectEarth’svaluablefreshwaterresources.(她预测,干旱、风暴、洪水和水质恶化等水问题将造成“水难民”,即人们四处寻找水源。库斯托强调,我们必须竭尽全力保护地球上宝贵的淡水资源。)”可知,最后一段提到“水难民”是为了说明缺水问题的严重影响,进而强调水资源的重要性。故选D。
16.C17.D18.A19.F20.E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了四个超级省钱的秘诀,这些秘诀可以让你的钱花得更长久,帮助你过上更加经济安全的生活。
16.根据前文“Wonderinghowtosavemoremoneybuthavenoideawheretocut(想知道如何节省更多的钱,但不知道从哪里削减)”可知,此处提出要节省钱,但不知道如何节省的问题,后文应该对该问题进行回答即提出省钱的方法。C选项“Wesharefoursecretsofsupersavershere.(我们在这里分享超级储蓄者的四个秘密。)”符合语境。故选C。
17.根据前文“Sincekidsgrowsofast,theirclothesquicklybecomeunwearableeventhoughtheystilllooknice.(因为孩子们长得很快,他们的衣服很快就不能穿了,即使它们看起来还不错。)”可知,此处是说衣服不能穿之后的行动。D选项“So,parentsbuyalotofnewclothestomeettheneed.(所以,父母买了很多新衣服来满足需要。)”的so与前文的since构成因果关系,形成呼应。故选D。
18.根据后文的“Alwaysbuythesamecolourandstyleofsocksforyourchild—preferablywhite,sinceyoucanbleach(漂白)themwhentheyarestained.(给你的孩子买同样颜色和款式的袜子——最好是白色的,因为当袜子被弄脏时,你可以漂白。)”可知,此处建议的是买相同颜色的袜子,尤其是买白色的袜子。A选项“Getsocksofonecolour.(买一种颜色的袜子。)”概括本段内容,符合语境。故选A。
19.根据前文“Itisagoodideatotakeajobforadiscount.Ifyouarelookingforapart-timejob,filloutapplicationsatshopswhereyouoftendoyourshopping.(接受一份有折扣的工作是个好主意。如果你正在找兼职工作,在你经常购物的商店填写申请表。)”可知,此处建议的是在有折扣的地方兼职。F选项“Forexample,clothingshopsmaygivetheiremployeesadiscount.(例如,服装店可能会给他们的员工打折。)”承接前文,指出在有折扣地方兼职的好处是可以给员工打折。故选F。
20.根据前文“Asaresult,youcanbringhomehundredsofpoundsworthoffrozenfood,tableware,books,toys,furniture(家具)andotherhouseholditems.(因此,你可以把价值数百英镑的冷冻食品、餐具、书籍、玩具、家具和其他家居用品带回家。)”可知,此处说的是,帮朋友搬家可以得到好处。E选项“Bestofalltheywillstillthinkyou’vedonethemafavour.(最好的是,他们仍然会认为你帮了他们一个忙。)”承接前文,指出除了可以带回家各种东西,同时自己还能够得到朋友的感谢,即认为自己帮了他们一个忙。故选E。
21.D22.C23.D24.C25.B26.B27.B28.C29.C30.A31.A32.A33.B34.D35.D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。学校是知识的殿堂。从自身学校生活经历谈论了学校生活的意义。
21.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这是将你引到世界和你自己的第一步。A.throws投掷;B.lends借给;C.devotes致力于;D.introduces介绍;引见。根据常识可知,学校是传授知识的场所,它让我们了解世界,认识自我。所以,是学校将人们引入世界。故选D。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我深深地珍惜友谊,所有的体育和课后活动,还有帮助我找到兴趣的方式。A.protect保护;B.hide藏;C.treasure珍视;D.trust信任。根据下文“Iowe(把……归功于)themalltomyschoollife.”可知,把它们都归功于他的学校生活,因此他深深地珍惜友谊、体育和课后活动。故选C。
23.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.quarrels吵架;B.examinations考试;C.parties派对;D.activities活动。根据下文“helpedmefindmyinterests”可知,此处指课外活动。故选D。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意:它使我成为今天的我。A.student学生;B.teacher老师;C.person人;D.parent父母亲。根据下文“And
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