《食品专业英语》词汇大全

24/27词汇第一课〔一〕根本ThecharacteristicsabouttheFoodEnglishSci-TechnologicalThesis英语食品科技论文的特色Academicthesis 学术论文Experiment:Researchreport, 试验型Observation,survey:Investigationreport 观看型Theory:Mathematicalthesis, 理论型Dissertation 学位论文Bachelor’sdissertation 学士论文Master’sdissertation 硕士论文Doctor’sdissertation 博士论文Acknowledgements,ReferencesandAppendix 感谢、参照文件和附录Introduction 前言、序言或介绍MaterialsandMethods 资料与方法ResultsandDiscussion 结果与谈论Conclusions 结论goal 目的review 争论背景yourwork 要解决的问题experimentalmethods 试验方法typeofexperimentaldesign 试验设计numberofreplications 重复次数statisticalanalysis 统计剖析equipment 仪器〔二〕缩略词述语、组织、集体名称：LC=lethalconcentration 致死浓度EAA=Essentialaminoacids 必需氨基酸DH=degreeofhydrolysis 水解度DNA=deozyrebonucleicacid 脱氧核糖核酸USDA=USDepartmentofAgriculture 美国农业部IFT=InstituteofFoodTechnologists 食品科技协会CEO=chiefexecutiveofficer 总经理+胸怀衡单位词15ft(foot\feet)50rpm(revolutionsperminute)1cal(calorie) 卡C〔centigrade〕摄氏温度etc=etcetera=andothers 〔等物〕etal.=etalii=andothers( 等人)i.e.=idest=thatise.g.=exampligratia=forexample＋plus加号；正号－minus减号；负号plusorminus 正负号ismultipliedby乘号isdivided by除号＝is equal to 等于号％percent 百分之℃degreeCelsius/centigrade 摄氏度2其次课Terminology 科技术语的翻译Compoundword 合成词endpoint 终点standardsolution 标准溶液titrationerror 滴定偏差buffersolution 缓冲溶液Polysemy 多义词Concentration 集中，会合，认真→浓缩，浓度Derivative派生词：加词缀构成术语alkaline碱性的 alkalinity碱度Spectrophotometer 分光光度计Condenser 冷凝器Subordination 分清主从法Diction 选词用字法Amplification&Omission增字法与省略法Conversion 变换法Inversion 词序调整法Division 长句拆译法Subordination 分清主从法Thefoodtechnologistcanusuallyrecognizefats[whenheseesthem]becausetheyarequitedifferent[bothintheirphysicalpropertiesandintheirchemicalcomposition]fromtheothertwomainfoodconstituents:carbohdrateandprotein.当食品科学工作者看到脂肪时，寻常能够确认它们，由于无论在物理性质和化学构成上，脂肪都与此外两种主要食品构成成分〔碳水化合物和蛋白质〕不一样。3第三课WHOStrategyonFoodSafety----Biotechnologyanditsimplicationstofoods---生物技术及其对食品的含义herb:草，草本植物，药草herbicide n.除草剂herbage:n.牧草，草本植物herbal:a. 草的草本的Chineseherbalmedicine 中草药herbalist: 中医师allergenn.变态反响素，能惹起过敏症的物质，过敏原allergy:n.过敏haveallergy: 过敏antibiotic n.抗生素adj.抗菌的，抗生素的biotic a.相关生命的agro-:野外，土壤agronomicadj. 农学的，农艺的agrobiology n.土壤生物学agrologyn. 土壤学agri-农业的agriculturen.农业agrimotorn. 农用拖沓机carotene n.胡萝卜素carrot n.胡萝卜fermentation n.发酵fermentv.发酵fermentationfood 发酵食品bioreactorn. 生物反响器bio-生物bioactivepeptide 活性肽biochemisttest 生化试验safetyassessment 安全评估GMO geneticallymodifiedorganism 转基因生物4CACCodexAlimentariusCommission 食品法典委员会FAOFoodandAgricultureOrganization( )粮农组织FDA〔foodanddrugadministration 〕：〔美国〕食品药品治理局CFR〔codeoffederalregulation 〕：〔美国〕联邦法例AOAC〔AssociationofOfficialAnalyticalChemists 〕美国剖析化学家协会participatein 参与,参与,共享safetyassessment 安全评估incorporateinto 归并,编入baseon 鉴于ontheprincipleof 依据 的原则adequatefor 适宜,足够besubjectto 使遭到take intoaccount 考虑contributeto 促成inconjunctionwith 与合力recombinantDNAtechniques DNA=deoxyribonucleicacid 脱氧核糖核酸herbicide-tolerant 耐药性除草剂insect-resistantcrops 抗虫农作物sofar到当前为止reporton 相关 的报导adverseeffectson 对有不良影响5第四课resultingfrom 由于thereof及其enzymeseparationandapplicationthereoffactorsthereof 及其要素剖析FoodChoiceandDieting BehaviorsofAdolescentGirlStudentsandInfluencingFactorsThereof青春期女生食品选择和节食行为及其影响要素剖析GMinsect-resistantpotatoesexpressingalectin 表达外源分散素的转基因抗虫马铃薯Theso-called“GoldenRice“,biosynthesizing?-carotene,theprecursorofvitaminA,isoneexampleforthedevelopmentstobeexpectedinthefuture.VAβ—胡萝卜素的水稻，即是人们期望的一种将来的转基因作物。6第五课poly- “多的“polysaccharide 多糖polyacid 多元酸polyatomic 多原子的；多酸的-ose“糖“sucrose fructose 果糖maltose 麦芽糖glucose 葡萄糖lactose 乳糖galactose 半乳糖glyco-glycine glycogenglycolysis-ase“酶“invertase 转变酶permease amylase enzyme 酶

甜，糖原甘氨酸肝糖原 动物淀粉糖酵解oxid-oxideoxidaseoxidantoxidativepyruv-pyruvatepyruvate oxidasepyruvicacidpyruvicalcoholpyruvicaldehydeBiochemicalwordsacid酸性的

氧化物的氧化物氧化酶氧化剂氧化作用丙酮的丙酮酸盐或酯丙酮酸氧化酶丙酮酸丙酮醇丙酮醛7basic 碱性的ethanol 醇,乙醇〔alcohol〕aldehyde 醛ketone 酮cereal谷类crop农作物cane甘庶, beet 甜菜spiritn.酒精〔溶液〕，烈酒，蒸馏酒。spirits n. 酒精饮料 烈性酒neutral a.酸碱中和的，酸碱均衡的，中性的neutralspirits〔酒精〕：Ethylalcoholdistilledatorabove190proof,oftenusedinblendedalcoholicbeverages.fortified a.增加的fortifiedwines 加白兰地的葡萄酒fortifiedbread 增加面包fortifiedfood 增加食品alcoholcontent 酒度酒精含量alcoholstrength 酒精浓度byadditionof 增加strain n. 品系菌株CO2 carbondioxideHOWTOEXPRESS“属”“种”Saccharomyce cerevisiae (S.cerevisiae)酵母〔属〕 啤酒〔种〕酵母Thisistheglucosedecompositionandenergygenerationprocessenvelope 外膜plasmamembrane 质膜periplasmic ,周质8第六课专业术语---thegreenhouseeffect---moisture-proof---wide-mouthbottle---ready-to-heat-and-eat---fixed-volume---self-zeroing饮用水---potablewater---water-soluble---fortifiedfood第七课Consult:V.协商，询问 Consultation: 会议，询问amino- aminogroup氨基-NH2aminonitrogenaminoacid氨基态氮-yl 基acyl 酰基acetyl 乙酰基methyl 甲基ethyl 乙基propyl 丙基carboxyl 羧基carbonyl 羰基aminoacylase 氨基酰化酶peptidase 肽酶carboxymethyl- 羧甲基ethylalcohol 乙醇tricarboxylicacidcyclemeta- 变化,代谢9metabolicadj. ,陈代谢的metabolicrate 代谢率metabolicactivity 代谢力量metabolicbalance 代谢均衡metaboliten. 代谢(产)物metabolismn. 陈代谢metabolizev. ,使同化metabolizableadj. 可代谢的precursor n.前体；前驱genus n.种类、属genera pl.excrete vt. 排泄；分泌isolatesn. 种群feedback 反响feedbackinhibition 反响抑制mutant n. 突变异种substrate n. 底物ant. 终产物：endproductsFlavourenhancer 风味增加剂Bakingantioxidant 焙烤抗氧化剂Sweetenercomponent 甜味成分Feedadditive 食品增加剂Essentialaminoacids(EAA) 必需氨基酸Dispensable(nonessential)aminoacids(DAA,NEAA) 非必需氨基酸Conditionallydispensableaminoacids 条件非必需氨基酸Cysteine 半胱氨酸←MethionineTyrosine 酪氨酸←PhenylalanineTaurine 牛磺酸Indispensable(essential)aminoacids(IDAA,EAA) 必需氨基酸Isoleucine,Ile 异亮氨酸Lysine,Lys 赖氨酸Methionine,Met ,甲硫氨酸Valine,Val 缬氨酸Leucine,Leu 亮氨酸Tryptophan,Trp 色氨酸Phenylalanine,Phe 苯丙氨酸Threonine,Thr 苏氨酸10Histidine,His (infant第八课yogurt=yoghurt ：酸奶、酸乳酪fermenteddairyproduct 发酵乳制品lact-/lacto-/lacti-: 乳的、乳酸的lactosegalactoselactasebacillus:杆状细菌 pl.bacillibacilliform: 杆状的lactobacillusthermo-/therma-: 热的，温度的thermophilusthermos:保温瓶，暖水瓶thermalendurance: 耐热性thermoduric: 耐热的thermotank: 恒温箱casein 酪蛋白，干酪素casease 酪蛋白酶caseinhydrolysate 酪蛋白水解物caseinsaccharide 糖酪蛋白H HydrogenCCarbonFFluorineAlAluminiumSSulfurCaCalciumFeIronCuCopperincubated 孵化，保温intestinaladj.,肠内的intestinen.肠intestinalmicrobialflora 肠内微生物菌丛starter 发酵剂starterculture 发酵培育基11titrate滴定titratable 可滴定的titratableacidity 滴定酸度dairyproduct：乳制品setorstiredyogurt: 分散型或搅拌型酸奶defattedmilk: 脱脂乳skimmilk:脱脂乳〔<3.25%〕nonfatdrymilk: 脱脂奶粉fruitpreparations:水果调制品sundae:圣代fruitpreserves: 水果密饯set styleyogurts 分散型酸奶stirred style yogurts 搅拌型酸奶aforementionedcultures 上述的培育物befunctionofnutritivecarbohydratesweeteners 碳水化合物养分甜味Coloring色素stabilizers 稳固剂preparation 预制品，调制品Set styleyogurts 分散型酸奶Stirred style yogurts 搅拌型酸奶Fermentationbacteria:asthestartercultureLactobacillusbulgaricus 保加利亚乳酸杆菌Streptococcusthermophilus 嗜热链球菌12第十课rennet: 犊牛胃内膜，凝乳酶rennin:凝乳酶pharma- 药的pharmaceutical 药学的，药品，药剂pharmaceutics 配药学，制药学pharmacology 药理学pharmacy 配药学药店NEWWORDScide杀，杀灭剂pesticide 杀虫剂，农药〔泛指〕biopesticide： 生物杀虫剂herbicide 除草剂fungicide 除真菌剂Insecticiderodent:rodenticide

杀虫剂啮齿类动物灭鼠剂protease 蛋白酶proteolyticenzymes: 蛋白水解酶类pancreaticprotease 胰蛋白酶lipase 脂酶papain 木瓜蛋白酶amylase 淀粉酶pectinase 果胶酶streptodornase 链道酶、脱氧核糖核酸酶13lipidssolubility n溶解度,溶解性solubilizev 溶解solube adj可溶解的solute n溶质solution n溶液solvent n溶剂ester n 酯triester n三酯triestersofglycerol 甘油三酯glycer(o)- 甘油glycerol 甘油,丙三醇Triacylglycerol 三酰基甘油含羧基的,carboxylicacid 羧酸aqueousadj. ,,水成的aqueo- 水合的,由水衍生的aqui-水aquiculture 水产养殖cisgeometry 顺式构型transgeometry 反式构型cholesterol 胆固醇saturated 饱和的unsaturated 不饱和的saturatedfattyacid 饱和脂肪酸monounsaturated 一元不饱和的polyunsaturated 多元不饱和的mono-单，一poly-多，聚nonpolarorganicsolvents 非极性溶剂14Lesson10Enzymes六大酶类oxidoreductase n. 氧化复原酶transferasen. 转移酶hydrolasen. 水解酶isomerasen. 异构酶lyasen. 裂合酶，裂解酶ligasen. 联合酶，连结酶oxidoreductase n. 氧化复原酶oxidize v.氧化 reduce v.复原oxidationn.氧化，氧化反响reductionn.复原，复原反响oxidizer-- oxidant n.氧化剂reducer –reductant n.复原剂NaOH sodiumhydroxideNaCl sodiumchlorideH2SO4 sulfuricacidHCl hydrochloricacid15第十四课Lesson11 Nutritionnutrient 养分素macronutrient 常量养分素micronutrient微量养分素nutrition养分〔学〕，养分物，养分〔过程〕malnutritionnutritionist养分学家，养分师nutritional 养分的nutritionaldeficiency 养分缺少nutritionalvalue 养分价值nutritionalrequirement 养分需要量-ium 表示化学元素的拉丁名字.Sodium Na CalsiumPotassium K AluminiumCaAlinterdependent 相互依靠 dependent interchangeable 可互换的keepingquality 耐藏性getalong 过活nourish v. 滋润,养分nourishmentn. 养分Niacin烟酸Thiamin硫胺素〔VB1〕Riboflavin核黄素〔VB2〕Folacin(folicacid) 叶酸Pantothenicacid 泛酸ByridoxineVB6，吡哆素VitaminB12VB12Biotin生物素16

independent 独立第十五课Lesson12 FoodSafetytox-or toxi- or toxo-poison 毒素toxin:毒素 toxenzyme 毒酶toxoid 变性毒素toxic- or toxico- 毒物toxicology 毒理学toxicant 毒药，有毒的carcin-orcarcino-:tumor; 癌的carcinogen 致癌物质carcinoid 良性肿瘤havea[no]rightto(sth.) 有]()的权益。subjectoneselfto 蒙，受。safrole n.[化学]黄樟素flavoringagent 增香剂，香味料。flavoringn. 调味品，佐料。cerealgrains 粮谷，谷粒Intermsof 在 方面lettuce n.莴苣17第十六课UndergraduateDegreeProgram 本科专业Master-degreeCourseProgram 硕士点FoodScienceandEngineering食品科学与工程FoodQualityandSafety食质量量与安全AquaticProductsProcessingandPreservationEngineering水产品加工及贮存工程FoodScience 食品科学FoodAdditiveTechnologyandApplication 食品增加剂工艺与应用FunctionalFactorsandFunctionFood 功能因子与功能食品GrainandEdibleOilTechnology 粮油食品深度加工FruitandVegetableTechnology 果品蔬菜深度加工FoodQualityandSafetyControl 食质量量与安全掌握FoodPackagingTechnology 食品包装与保鲜AnimalProductsTechnology 动物性食品深度加工FermentedFoodandBiotechnology 发酵食品与生物技术18第十七课Lesson10 BasicStepsinVegetables ’CanningCan n.罐头〔美〕，tin(英)cannedadj. 罐头〔食品〕的，罐装的cannedfood(goods) 罐头食品cannedbeer 罐装啤酒canningn. 罐装，罐藏，罐头制造canningindustry 罐头工业cannery n.罐头〔食品〕厂Pickling 腌制acid n.酸味 adj酸的，酸味的，酸性的acidic adj 酸的acidicmaterial 酸性物质acidify v.酸化acidity n 酸性，酸度，酸味aciditytest 酸度测定heat-resistant 耐热的sprayn. 喷淋，喷雾，飞沫v.放射，喷溅high-pressurespray 高压喷雾agitatingscreen 振动筛revolvingscreen 旋转筛blast一阵〔风〕，一股〔气流〕airblast空气流flotation n.浮选trimming n.修整，清理焊缝off-color adj.颜色不好的，变色的mash v.捣碎blanching 漂白，预煮note n.香韵，香调，香型Seasoningagent 调味剂atmosphere[atm.] 大气压atmospheric 大气的，常压的seam 接缝，线缝；缝合，接合filledcan实罐，装有内容物的罐头19bulging n.胀罐，胖听paneling n.瘪罐doubleseam 三片罐，二道卷封罐curlofthelidflangeofthecanclosingmachine 封罐机，压盖机tinplate n.镀锡铁皮，马口铁thread螺纹lugcap四旋〔瓶〕盖retortn.〔立式〕加热〔杀菌〕锅，杀菌釜cookern.蒸煮机，炊具whole-kernel n.全粒batch-process n.批加工hydrostaticcooker 水静压式杀菌机flamesterilization 火焰蒸煮sterilization[ster?l?”zei??n]n 杀菌，消毒labelingmachine 贴标机blemish污点，瑕疵Cut切开Slice片，薄片；切片Dice切成丁，切成小方块halve 半圆片，对开片，半片Blanching热烫,漂白,预煮doubleseam 二道卷封罐，三片罐curl卷边flange翻边pressuresterilizer(madebytheFoodMachineryandChemicalCorporationofSanJose,California. 压)力灭菌锅continuousagitatingcookers 连续振荡灭菌锅hydrostaticcookers 水静压式灭菌机flamesterilization 火焰灭菌2014freeze v. 冻结freezer冷冻机,制冰机,冻结装置freezing n.冻结,冰结cry-, cryo-:freezingcryobiology 低温生物学cryogen冷冻剂 cryogenic低温学的withdraw v.回收,撤离,取消withdrawfrom 从退出withdrawaln.回收,撤回per-【化学】过，高：peroxide过氧化物.(口语〕过氧化氢peroxidase 过氧化物酶perchloride 高氯化物perchloricacid 高氯酸HClO4peruse 细读,熟读,精读dress 去皮,去羽毛,去内脏dressed ,去内脏并切割加工好的Immersionfreezing 浸渍冷冻Convectionfreezing 对流冷冻Multiplatefreezer 多层接触式冻结装置Cryogenicfreezing 低温冷冻Fluidized-bedfreezing 流化床冷冻Immersionfreezingquickfrozenfood 速冻食品plungeinto 使投入；插进，扔进；浸入brine 盐溶液盐水，咸水alternativefreezingliquids 交替冻结液CryogenicfreezingThismethod(whichisbeingrapidlydeveloped)involvestheexposureoffoodtoacoolingmediumataverylowtemperature.liquidnitrogen 液氮F:fahrenheit(degreesfahrenheit) 华氏温度C:celsus 摄氏温度asprayofliquidnitrogen 液氮喷淋ablastoftheverycoldnitrogengas 温度很低的氮气流21belowzero 零下的bringtoahalt[anend,aclose,astand,astop] 使停顿，完毕carton硬纸盒plasticfilm 塑料薄膜greenchlorophyll 叶绿素vessel容器thaw解冻fishfingersfishsticks冻鱼条();(”)skinnedfillet 去皮鱼片cod,haddock 鳕鱼stainless-steelbandsaws 不锈钢锯sawdust 屑,碎片guillotine conveyor传递带batter:(油炸制品)面拖料;(制糕饼的)糊状物,面糊enrobing 涂糖衣22Lesson15Diet andHealthResearchNeeds饮食和安康争论的必需性nightblindness 夜盲症activecomponent 活性成分unlock翻开,解开Recurringnutritionaldeficiencydiseases 再发性养分缺少症rickets 佝偻病scurvy 坏血病beri-beri脚气病pellagra糙皮病〔即烟酸缺少症〕obesity肥胖diabetes 糖尿病dietarysupplements ,养分补充剂U.S.Dept.ofAgriculture ’sEconomicResearch 美国Service农业经济争论中心thediet-relatedportionoffourhealthconditions 与饮食相关的四种安康状况coronaryheartdisease 冠芥蒂stroke中风diabetes 糖尿病ahostof:manyof 很多,一大群geneticallyregulateddiseases 基因掌握疾病Alzheimer ’医s][老年性痴呆arthritis关节炎medicalcosts 医疗花费lostproductivity 生产力损失费prematuredeaths 未成年死亡损失USDAEconomicResearchService ’sAgricultureInformationbulletin 750农业部经济争论署农业信息通告 750号fallshortof 缺少，缺乏therecommendedintakelevels 介绍摄食水平lightor dietfoods”或“节食“”食品reduced-fatfood 低脂食品reduced-caloriefood 低热量的食品wholegrains 全粒食品nutraceutical 保健食品functionalfood 功能食品phenolics 酚类isoflavones 异黄酮23carotenoids 类胡萝卜素folate叶酸盐folacin,folicacid 叶酸osteporosis 骨质松散症neuraltubebirthdefects 天生神经缺点hypertension 高血压wholeoats 全燕麦psylliumseedhusk 亚麻籽壳potassium 钾sterol固醇biomarker 生物标志quantify 确立数目parameter 参数,参量insulin 胰岛素bloodglucoselevels 血糖水平phytochemicals 植物化学的allylisothiocyanate 烯丙基异硫氰酸盐pathogenicmicroorganisms 病原微生物probiotics益生菌prebiotics益生素gastrointestinaltract 胃肠道oligosaccharides 寡聚糖fructans果聚糖bifidobacteria 双歧杆菌24其次十课bio-生物的anti-抗polysaccharidemono-单，一，-ose“糖“sucrosefructosemaltoseglucoselactosegalactose-ase“酶“invertasepermeaseamylaseoxid-氧化物的oxideox