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7/31/20231语法系列训练基本句型罗娟英7/31/20232种类类型主语S谓语动词v表语/宾语p宾语0宾补oc第1种S+VWework第2种S+V+0He

playsviolin.第3种S+v+pWearestudents第4种S+v+IO+DOshegavemeapen.第5种S+V+O+OCHemademelaugh指出下列句子划线部分是什么成分Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Hehandedmethenewspaper.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.7/31/20233指出下列句子划线部分是什么成分Hiswishistobecomeascientist.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?Tobehonest,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.7/31/20234指出下列句子划线部分是什么成分Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.Henoticedamanentertheroom.Theapplestastedsweet.7/31/202357/31/20236判断句型并分析句子成分Hewillbeeighteennextyear.TheteachertoldustodoExercise1.Wehadgottothestationbeforeseveno’clock.Myclassisbig.Stoptalking.Iwenttoseemyuncleonceaweek.Itrainedheavilyyesterday.Wemadehimourteamleader.7/31/202371.Youareright.(`99)2.Theplaygroundisnowinfrontoftheschool.(`99)4.60%ofthestudentsareagainsttheideaofentrancefees.(`02)3.Itwas7:15onthemorningofFebruary8,2000.(`00)英语基本句型-1

主系表句型与高考书面表达7/31/202386.…,butthemostcommonwayistoholdabirthdayparty,…(`05)7.Thereasonisthatittakeslesstimetounderstandthewholestory.(`06)9.Asweallknow,agoodlearningenvironmentisvitalifwewanttostudyEnglishwell.(`07)8.Inaword,toreadtheoriginalworkisbetterthantoseethefilmbasedonit.(`06)英语基本句型-1

主系表句型7/31/20239基本句型一.主语+系动词+表语:

Aforeignlanguageisaweaponinthestruggleoflife.Theplansoundsperfect.Thismaterialfeelssoft.

系动词词义不完整,在句中不能单独使用(除省略句外),后面必须接有表语,系动词和表语一起构成合成谓语。

7/31/202310一、系动词的分类:常见的系动词大致可分为三类。第一类:表示特征或状态的,有be,look,feel,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,turnout(结果是、证明是)等。

You’llbeallrightsoon.Youdon’tlookverywell.Ifeelrathercold.Heseemstobeill.Itappearsthatheisunhappy.Therosessmellsweet.Themixturetastedhorrible.Howsweetthemusicsounds!Thedayturnedout(tobe)afineone7/31/202311第二类:表示从一种状态到另一种状态的变化,有become,get,grow,turn,fall,go,come,run等。

Hebecameaworld-famousscientist.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Itgrewdark.Thefoodhasturnedbad.

Yesterdayhesuddenlyfellill.Mary’sfacewentred.Hisdreamhascometrue.Theboy’sbloodrancold7/31/202312第三类:表示保持状态的,有keep,remain,continue,stay等。

Keepquiet,children!Theweathercontinuedfineforalongtime.

Itremainstobeproved.

7/31/202313系动词后的表语可以是名词、代词、数词、形容词、分词、动名词、不定式、副词、介词短语、词组、从句,系动词be可用于上述所有情况。

Thenewswassurprising.(分词)

HisjobisteachingEnglish.(动名词)

Theonlymethodistogivethechildmorehelp.(不定式)

Imustbeoffnow.(副词)

Thebridgeisunderconstruction.(介词短语)

Thatwouldbeagreatweightoffmymind.(词组)

Thisiswhyhewaslate.(从句)

7/31/202314

所有的系动词都可接形容词作表语,此处略举数例。

Ourfuturewillbebeautiful.

Shelooksunhappytoday.

Doyoufeelcold?

Youseem/appearill.

Thefoodtastesdelicious.

Theweatheristurning/growing/becoming/gettingcold.

Heoftenwenthungry.

7/31/202315纵观历年的高考题,对系动词的考查一直是高考中非常重要的热点之一,对于考生来说也是难点所在。

1.Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyouwon'thavetimeto____beforetheparty.(2004)

A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange2.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet,ifnot,youmay____runoverbyacar.(02北京卷)

A.haveB.getC.becomeD.turn3.AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot_____frommyfriends.(NMET2001)

A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed7/31/2023164

Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentincoalmine,she______pale.(2004湖北卷)

A.gotB.changedC.wentD.appeared5

Asshe____thenewspaper,Granny____asleep.(NMET1995)

A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading;fell

C.wasreading;wasfallingD.read;fell6.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_____whethertheywillenjoyit.(NMET2002)

A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen7.Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwill__freshforseveraldays.(2003)

A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed

7/31/202317

8.

Ilovetogototheseasideinsummer.It_____goodtolieinthesunorswiminthecoolsea.(1996)A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes

9.---Doyoulikethematerial?

---Yes,it______verysoft.(NMET1994)A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt10.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears_______everything.(上海2001)

A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold

7/31/202318

11.Theseorangestaste_____.(1991)

A.goodB.wellC.tobegoodD.tobewell12.Wedon‘tcareifahuntingdogsmells______,butwereallydon’twanthimtosmell_______.(1995上海)

A.well;wellB.bad;badC.well;badlyD.badly;bad13.Whathesaidsounds_______.(1993上海卷)

A.nicelyB.pleasantlyC.friendlyD.wonderfully14.---Youdon'tlookvery___.Areyouill?

--No,I'mjustabittired.(2003北京春招)

A.goodB.wellC.strongD.healthy

7/31/202319英语基本句型-2主谓结构与高考书面表达

2.Quiteafewchangeshavetakenplace.(`99)4.What’smore,Icangotobedearlier.3.Thecardidn'tstopbutdroveoffatgreatspeedheadingwest.(`00)1.Hefellwithacry.(`00)5.…,atwhichfriendsgettogethertohavefundrinking,singinganddancing.(`05)6.IthinkIcanstayathome,readingquietlyinasituationofmyown.(`06)7/31/202320主谓结构

本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如:Thesunrises.Tomhasalreadyleft.主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。如:

1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.4.Shesatthere

alone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.6.Weak

buildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.7/31/202321巩固练习:1.她昨天回家很晚。

2.会议将持续两个小时。

3.在过去的十年里我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化.4.1919年,在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。5.每天八时开始上课。

2.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.3.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.4.TheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijingin1919.5.Classesbeginateighteveryday.1.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.7/31/202322巩固练习:6.这个重五公斤。

7.五年前我住在北京。8.秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。

9.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。

10.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。6.Thisboxweighsfivekilos.

7.IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.8.Inautumn,somebirdsflytothesouth.9.Mygrandfathergetsupearlyinthemorning.

10.Everyafternoonalotofstudentscometothelibrarytoborrowbooks.7/31/202323英语基本句型-3主谓宾结构与高考书面表达1.NowIhavemorefreetime.(`01)

2.IntheeveningsIcanwatchnewsonTVorreadingnewspapers.(`01)3.AbouttwominuteslaterIstoppedapassingcar(`00)

4.Wehavealsoplantedalotoftreesinandaroundtheschool.(`99)7/31/202324英语基本句型-3主谓宾结构与高考书面表达

5.Chinesestudentscelebratetheirbirthdaysindifferentways.(`05)

6.Sometimesparentswillprepareaspecialdinneroracaketoshowtheirlovefortheirchildren.(`05)7.Someothershavejusttheoppositeopinion.(`06)

8.WhenEnglishistheonlylanguageusedintheclassroom,studentswillhavemoreopportunitiestopractiselisteningandspeaking.

(`07)7/31/202325主谓宾结构

本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如:1.Tommadeaholeinthewall.2.Idon’tknowifhecancometomorrow.3.Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretogonext.4.ShestoppedteachingEnglishtwoyearsago.5.Ittookthemtenyearstobuildthedam.7.Motherpromisestogivemeapresent.7/31/202326巩固练习:1.昨晚我写了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你谈谈。

3.这本书他读过多次了。

4.他们成功地完成了计划。

5.那位先生能流利地说三种语言。

Iwrotealetterlastnight.

Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.

Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.

Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.

Thatgentlemancanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.7/31/202327巩固练习:6.我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。

7.Jim还不会自己穿衣服。

8.我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。

9.他不知道说什麽好。

10.我开窗户你在意吗?

IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.

Jimcannotdresshimself.

AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.

Hedidnotknowwhattosay.

Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?7/31/202328英语基本句型4双宾语结构

说明:此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。如:

Hebringsmecookieseveryday.但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for。如:

Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.7/31/202329用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。用for侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助to的)bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等;(需借助for

的)buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。7/31/202330巩固练习:1.Johnson先生去年教我们德语。2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。

3.请把那本字典递给我好吗?4.他把车票给列车员看。

MrJohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.

Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.

Wouldyoupleasepassmethedictionary?

Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.7/31/202331巩固练习:

5.我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗?6.新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。7.他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。

ShallIcallyouataxi?

Thenewmachinewillsaveyoualotoflabour.

7.Heboughtanewcoatforhismotherwithhisfirstmonth’ssalary.7/31/202332英语基本句型5复合宾语结构

说明:此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等。如:Thesunkeepsuswarm.

Iheardhimsinging.Youmustgetyourhaircut.

7/31/202333

TheymadeTommonitor.Heusedtodohishomeworkwithhisradioon.

用it做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,以使句子结构平衡,是英语常用的句型结构方式。即:主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如:Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyourfamily.7/31/202334巩固练习:1.我们叫她Alice.2.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。

3.他们把小偷释放了。4.我要你把真相告诉我。5.卫兵命令我们立即离开。6.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。

7.他每个月理一次发8.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。WecallherAlice.

Allofusconsideredhimhonest.Theyhavesetthethieffree.

Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.

Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.

EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.

Hehashishaircuteverymonth.

Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.

7/31/2023359.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了10.她正在听人家讲故事。11.我从来没看见这个字这样用过。12.他感到很难跟你交谈。

13.我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。14.学校定了一条规则,开始上课时学生要起立。

Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.

Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.

Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.

Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.

Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.

Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclassbegins.

7/31/202336

英语基本句型6Therebe

句型

说明:此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成,用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……”。它其实是倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词be之后,there仅为引导词,并无实际语意。此句型有时

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