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2023年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海高考英语模拟试卷1
I.Listeningcomprehension
略
ILGrammarandVocabulary
SectionA
Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassage
coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineach
blankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthat
bestfitseachblank.
BeAloneTogether
Amongthemostupsettingaspectsofthelockdownsthatoccurredin2020dueto
thepandemic,especiallyforthosewholiveindensecities,wastheclosureofmany
publicparksandgreenspaces.Astheorderswentout,peoplewerewarnedthat
(21)theyshouldtryto"walkaround,getsomesun:therecouldbe"no
density,nobasketballgames,noclosecontact,thafstherule.^^Themessagewasclear:
Stayawayfrom(22).
InWashington,D.C.,whereIlive,roadaccesswasblockedtotheTidalBasinin
lateMarch,asthecity*sfamouscherryblossomsreachedthepeakoftheirannual
bloom.TheNationalArboretumwasclosed,andallthefacilitiesthatthecityparks
departmentoversaw(23)(remain)closed.
Officially,naturewasmoreorlessoff-limitsJustasspringarrived.Yetasthe
weatherwarmed,andthelightstayedlaterandlaterintotheevening,peopleemerged
fromtheirhomes.Thestreets,mostlyemptiedofvehicletraffic,createdspacefor
runners,allowingthem(24)(leave)thesidewalksforfamiliesanddog
walkers.Inmyneighborhood,asmallprivatepark,(25)(locate)behinda
blockofhouses,becameaplacetostretchoutandreadabookunderthesun.
(26)thevirus,Ididn'tgototheparkveryoften.Butthen,Ifoundmyself
(27)(visit)morefrequently,sometimesinthemiddleoftheday.Andso,I
noticed,weremyneighbors.
Peoplesatinthegrass,walkedtheirdogs,andplayedcatchwiththeirkids.The
parkneverbecamegenuinelycrowded,butitwasalwayspopulated,andinityou
couldseeotherpeopleand,parkonasunnyafternoonhadbecome(29)we
allregardedasnecessary.Wewereallaloneinthisstrangetime,thisfamiliaryet
deeplyforeignplace(30)everyonewastoldtostayapart.Butatleastwe
hadfoundawaytobealonetogether.
SectionB
Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachword
canonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.capableB.controllableC.faintD.idealE.landscapeF.outpacing
G.perceiveH.physicalLpromiseJ.scrubK.supporting
You'llNeverBeTrulyAlone
Inthedecadestocome,alargenumberofhomerobotscouldmaketoday5s
appliancesseeminteresting.Themarketforconsumerandofficerobotsisexpectedto
developquicklyinthenextthreeyears,accordingtoa2015reportbyBusiness
InsiderIntelligence,beinggreaterthan$1.5billionandfar31thegrowth
ofrobotsinmanufacturing.
Wealreadyhaverobotsthatcleanthehouse,liketheRoomba,butinthefuture
we'llalsohaverobotarmsthatcan32surfacesandbathepeople,
saysChristopherAtkeson,aroboticistatCarnegieMellon,whoselabhasproduced
suchmachines.Eventually,robotswillfoldlaundryandcookmeals.Andiftheywork
well,youwon*tevennoticethem.Thekeytoeffectiverobotsis"being33
ofpredictingwhatpeoplewilldo,"saysJulieShah,theheadoftheInteractive
RoboticsGroupatMIT.nTheideaiseither34peopleorstayingoutof
theirway?
Thatsaid,somepeoplemaywantarobotthathangsaround.InJapan,afriendly
humanoidrobotcalledPepperthatcan35andrespondtohumanemotion
hasprovedenormouslypopularsinceitwentonsaletwoyearsago.Peppermightturn
outtobethe36roommate一helpful,kind,andalwaysupforhanging
out,butneverintheway.
Perhapsthealready37linebetweenonlineandofflinelifewill
disappear,andhumanrelationshipswithintelligentmachineswillrepresentanew
extensionofoursocial38.Yourin-houserobotcouldserveasan
avatar(化身)fdrfriendsandfamily,39fromafarsothat,withthehelp
ofroboticarmsandlegs,youcoulddancewithorhugalovedonewhoishalfway
aroundtheplanet.Thereal40oforproblemwith-thehouseofthe
future,then,mightbethatyou41neverhavetoleaveit.
III.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrases
markedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthe
context.
OnceuponatimetherelivedinGermanytwobrotherswholovedagood
story-onewithmagicanddanger,royaltyandvillains(恶棍)・Atschooltheymeta
wisemanwholedthemtoatreasure一alibraryofoldbookswithtalesmore
appealingthananytheyhadeverheard.41thebrothersbegan
collectingtheirownstories,listeningtothefolktalespeopletoldthem.Soonthey
42theirowntreasure一abookoffairytalesthatwouldcharmmillions
infarawaylandsforgenerationstocome.
ThebrotherGrimm,JacobandWihelm,namedtheirstorycollectionChildren'sand
HouseholdTalesandpublisheditinGermanyin1812.Thecollection,whichhasbeen
translatedintomorethan160languagesisapublishing43.The
storiesandtheircharactershaveappearedintheater,opera,comicbooks,movies,
paintings,rockmusic,advertising,andevenfashion.
Such44wouldhaveshockedthehumbleGrimms.Duringtheir
lifetimes,thebooksoldfewcopiesinGermany.Theearlyeditionswerenoteven
45children.Theyhadnoillustrations,andscholarlyfootnotestookup
almostasmuchspaceasthetalesthemselves.JacobandWihelmGrimmviewed
themselvesas46studentsoffolklore.Theybegantheirworkatatime
whenGermanyhadbeenoccupiedbytheFrenchunderNapolean.Asyoungscholars,
thebrothersGrimmsbeganworkonthefairytalecollectioninordertosavethe
endangeredoralstorytellingtraditionofGermany
LongbeforetheGrimms1time,47developedininns,bams,and
peasanthomes.Duringwinternights,astheysatspinningwood,womenkepteach
othercompanyandentertainedeachotherwithtalesofadventure,romance,and
magic.48,40suchstorytellersdeliveredtalestotheGrimms,manyof
themcomingtotheirhouseinKassel.Althoughthebrothersimpliedthattheywere
just49thetales,Wilhelmpolishedandreshapedthemuptothefinal
editionof1857.Inanefforttomakethemmore50tochildrenandtheir
parents,hestressedthemoralofeachtale,andemphasizedgenderroles.Accordingto
theGrimms,thecollectionservedasnamanualof51."Tothisday,
parentsreadthemtotheirchildrenbecausetheyapproveofthelessonsinthestories:
keepyourpromises,don'ttalktostrangers,workhard,obeyyourparents.
Sowhat52theirpopularity?Somehavesuggesteditisbecausethe
charactersarealwaysstrivingforhappiness.Butthetruthprobablyliesintheir
53.TheGrimm'staleswerebomoutofastorytellingtraditionwithout
54ofageorculture.Thebrother'sskillwastotranslatetheseintoa
universalstyleofwritingthatseemstomirrorwhatevermoodsorinterestswebringto
our55ofthem.AndsoitwasthattheGrimm'sfairytaleslivedhappily
everafter.
41.A.InspiredB.DisappointedC.DiscouragedD.Relieved
42.A.estimatedB.producedCsacrificedD.stocked
43.A.mediumB.partnershipC.findingD.phenomenon
44.A.qualityB.wealthC.fameD.perspective
45.A.markedasB.robbedofC.aimedatD.prevented
from
46.A.intelligentB.hardworkingC.peculiarD.patriotic
47.A.collectionB.storytellingC.entertainmentD.literacy
48.A.BesidesB.AltogetherC.HoweverD.Similarly
49.A.creatingB.developingC.reviewingD.recording
50.A.accustomedB.acceptableC.cruelD.compared
51.A.mannersB.parentshipC.publishingD.adaptation
52.A.resultsfromB.dependsonC.accountsforD.respondsto
53.A.appealB.flexibilityC.availabilityD.origin
54.A.boundariesB.influencesC.indicationsD.distributions
55.A.writingB.sharingC.readingD.beginning
SectionB
Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveral
questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,
B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthe
passageyouhavejustread.
(A)
There*sadreamyatmospheretoAdjuntas,acoffeetownintheValleyofthe
SleepingGianthighinthemountainsofPuertoRico.Apassionforthelandandits
customsrunsthroughthisplace,wherepeoplesaytheirfamilieshavelived“since
foreverAandformalgoodmannersruledailylife.Yousmellitinthesurrounding
streets,wherefoodiscookedatroadsidebarbecues.Youseeitinthegracefulhorses
paradedthroughtownonholidays,andyoufeelitinthelarge,elegantsquare,withits
fountainsandstonebenches.
Severaldecadesago,thisloveofthelandmotivatedthelocalpeopletoopposea
massiveminingoperation.ThemountainssurroundingAdjuntasarerichwithgold,
silver,copper,andzincandthePuertoRicangovernmenthadreservedabout30
squaremilesformineralexploitation.
Peoplefoughttoprotectthelanddespitethepromiseofjobsandmoney.They
weresavedbygrowingcoffeeandsellingitthroughoutPuertoRico.Theprofits
helpedthegrouppersuadethegovernmenttotransformtheminingzoneintoa
nationalpark,ElBosquedelPueblo,whichisnowprotectedbylaw.Openedin1998,
theparkrunsareforestationprogramallowingyoungandoldtoplanttreeswhere
landhasbeenexcavated(挖掘)JWehaveneverlearnedtomanagetheforest/9said
TintiDeya,alocalresident.ccWe5relikechildrendoingeverythingfbrthefirsttime,
exceptinourcasewe'regrandmothers.n
GrandmothersareeverywhereinAdjuntasandthey'reallrespectfullyaddressedas
Dofia.LalaEchevarria,an85-year-oldgreat-great-grandmother,wasbomonthe
oldeststreetintown,whereshestilllivesinasmallhome.Shegrewupbefore
electricityandrunningwater,andrememberswhenthefirstcararrivedinAdjuntas.
“Asachild,Iusedtospendallmytimecarryingwater,findingfirewood,looking
afterthechickensandthecows,“shesaid.nThereweresixteenofus.Wewouldwash
ourclothesintheriverandweusedtocookonanopenfire.Atmealtimes,wekids
wouldsitonthefloortoeat^DofiaLalawasworkingasamaidwhenshemetand
marriedtheloveofherlife,Marianothemechanic.Theyhadthirteenchildrenand
shared44yearsbeforehediedin1983.Sheshowsmethedozensofphotographsof
fourgenerationsofdescendantsthatnowfillhertinyhome.
56.WhatcanbelearnedaboutAdjuntasfromthefirstparagraph?
A.Thepeopletherehaveadeeploveofit.
B.Itistheveryplacewherecoffeeoriginated.
C.Thestreetsarelitteredwithfoodwaste.
D.Thetownissurroundedbybarbecuesite.
57.nTheprofits"(inparagraph3)refertothemoneymadefrom.
A.protectingthelandB.miningvaluablemetal
C.growingandsellingcoffeeD.transformingtheminingzone
58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofthereforestationprogram?
A.Grandmothersplayavitalroleinit.
B.Anyonecanplanttreesintheminingzone.
C.Itdidlittletohelpthebuildingofthenationalpark.
D.Itwaslaunchedtoprotestagainsttheminingoperation.
59.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Respectforgrandmothers.B.Alocalwoman'slifestory.
C.MajorchangesinAdjuntas.D.Dofias1opinionofthetown.
(B)
ExperimentwithOurFood
Wanttocookupadeliciousmeal?It*snotjustaboutthefood.Wechatto
psychologistProf.CharlesSpenceaboutthestrangescienceofgastrophysics.
Whatexactlyis'astrophysics?
Ifsacombinationof"gastronomy(美食学)"and'psychophysics',whichinvolves
thescientificstudyofhowourexperienceoffoodanddrinkisaffectedbyoursenses
andoursurroundings,notjustthefooditself.It'sasmallbutgrowingareaofresearch
whichbringstogetherpsychologists,neuroscientists,marketeers,chefs,product
designers,andevenmusicians.
Sowhatkindsofthingscanaffectoursenseoftaste?
Prettymucheverything!Fromthecolourandshapeoftheplatestotheweightand
materialofthecutlery(餐具),throughtotheshapeofthetableandthefeelofthe
chairyou'resittingon.Thenthere'sthenumberofpeopleyou'rewith,themoodyou're
in,thelightingandbackgroundmusicintherestaurant,andmemoriesassociatedwith
thefood.Whenyouputallthesefactorstogether,itaddsupalot.
What'sthemostsurprisingwayinwhichourtastecanheinfluenced?
It'stheideaof6sonicseasoning\whichusessoundstochangethetasteoffood.
Youcanaddasmuchas15percentextrasweetness,sourness,orbitternesstoafood
simplybyplayingtherightsortofmusic.We*vecreatedmusictoenhancesweetness
andbitterness,andwealsohavemusicforsour,andspicyfoods.Workingwiththe
Michelin-starredchocolatierDominiquePersooneinBelgium,weevenshowedthatif
weplayed“creamy”musicinhisstoreswecouldaddextracreaminesstohis
chocolate.
Neuroscientistshavefounddirectconnectionsinthemousebrainbetweenthe
sensesofsmellandsound,soitmightbethatthisoccursinhumanstoo.Sonic
seasoningisalreadybeingusedtoenhancemealsinfancyrestaurants,butwecould
alsoseeitbeingusedtobenefithealthby,forexample,playing'sweet'musicsothat
we'rehappywithlesssugarinourfood.
What'sthemostinnovativeuseofgastrophysicsyourveseen?
There'salothappeningintheworldofcutlerydesign.HestonBlumenthafsrestaurant
TheFatDuckiscurrentlyservingadishcalledCountingSheep,whichcomeswitha
fluffy(毛茸茸的),weightedspoonthatsmellsofbabypowder,designedtoenhance
theeatingexperience.We'vefoundthatfoodtendstotastebetterwithheavier
cutlery-possiblybecauseweassociateweightwithquality.
6O.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofgastrophysics?
A.Itcoversdifferentsubjects.B.Itneglectsfoodtosomeextent.
C.Ithasbeeninexistenceforlong.D.Itiscreatedbyapsychophysicist.
61.AccordingtoCharlesSpence,howcansonicseasoningbeusedtodogoodtoour
health?
A.Helpingustobemoreresistanttothetemptationtoeatunhealthyfood.
B.Playingsomemusictomakeusfeelourfoodissweeterthanitreallyis.
C.Makingexperimentswithmicetofindoutwhatfoodbenefitsourhealth.
0.Traininghumanbrainstoassociatecertainsoundswithaparticularflavour.
62.Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestillustratestheuseofgastrophysics?
A.Arestauranthiresapsychologisttodesignitslayout.
B.Arestaurantvariesthesweetnessofitsfood.
C.Arestaurantusesheavierplatestoservefood.
D.Arestaurantasksitscustomersforsuggestions.
(C)
Theoceanbottom一aregionnearly2.5timesgreaterthanthetotallandareaof
theEarth一isavastfrontierthateventodayislargelyunexploredanduncharted.Until
aboutacenturyago,thedeep-oceanfloorwascompletelyinaccessible,hidden
beneathwatersaveragingover3,6000metersdeep.Totallywithoutlightand
subjectedtointensepressureshundredsoftimesgreaterthanattheEarth'ssurface,the
deep-oceanbottomisanunfriendlyenvironmenttohumans,insomewaysas
forbiddingandremoteasouterspace.
Althoughresearchershavetakensamplesofdeep-oceanrocksandsediments
(沉淀物)fdroveracentury,thefirstdetailedglobalinvestigationoftheoceanbottom
didnotactuallystartuntil1968,withthebeginningoftheNationalScience
Foundation'sDeepSeaDrillingProject(DSDP).Usingtechniquesfirstdevelopedfbr
theoffshoreoilandgasindustry,theDSDP'sdrillship,theGlomarChallenger,was
abletomaintainasteadypositionontheocean*ssurfaceanddrillinverydeepwaters,
gettingsamplesofsedimentsandrockfromtheoceanfloor.
TheGlomarChallengercompleted96voyagesina15-yearresearchprogram
thatendedinNovember1983.Duringthistime,theshiplogged600,000kilometers
andtookalmost20,000coresamplesofseabedsedimentsandrocksat624drilling
sitesaroundtheworld.TheGlomarChallengerscoresampleshaveallowed
geologiststoreconstructwhattheplanetlookedlikehundredsofmillionsofyearsago
andtocalculatewhatitwillprobablylooklikemillionsofyearsinthefuture.Today5
largelyonthestrengthofevidencegatheredduringtheGlomarChallengersvoyages,
nearlyallearthscientistsagreeonthetheoriesofplatetectonics(构造学)and
continentaldriftthatexplainmanyofthegeologicalprocessesthatshapetheEarth.
ThecoresofsedimentdrilledbytheGlomarChallengerhavealsoproduced
informationcriticaltounderstandingtheworld'spastclimates.Deep-oceansediments
provideaclimaticrecordstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears,becausethey
arelargelyisolatedfromthemechanicalerosion(腐蚀)andtheintensechemicaland
biologicalactivitythatrapidlydestroymuchland-basedevidenceofpastclimates.
Thisrecordhasalreadyprovidedinsightsintothepatternsandcausesofpastclimatic
change一informationthatmaybeusedtopredictfutureclimates.
63.Theauthorreferstotheoceanbottomasanfrontier"inthefirstparagraph
because.
A.itisnotapopularareafbrscientificresearch
B.itcontainsawidevarietyoflifeforms
C.itattractscourageousexplorers
D.itisanunknownterritory
64.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheGlomarChallenger?
A.Itisanongoingproject.
B.Itisatypeofsubmarine.
C.Ithasgoneonover100voyages.
D.itmadeitsfirstDSDPvoyagein1968.
65.1nwhatwaywastheDeepSeaDrillingProjectsignificant?
A.Itwasanattempttofindnewsourcesofoilandgas.
B.Itwasthefirstextensiveexplorationoftheoceanbottom.
C.Itwascomposedofgeologistsfromallovertheworld.
D.itwasfundedentirelybythegasandoilindustry.
66.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasbeingaresultoftheDeep
SeaDrillingProject?
A.Geologistsobservedformsofmarinelifeneverbeforeseen.
B.GeologistswereabletopredicttheEarth'sfutureappearance.
C.Twogeologicaltheoriesbecamemorewidelyacceptedbyscientists.
D.InformationwasrevealedaboutthedisastersthathadhappenedontheEarth.
SectionC
Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Each
sentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyou
need.
A.Holdontothehopeofthelifeyoumightstillleadwhenallofthisisfinallyover.
B.Ifyou'vefoundyourselfwearingthesameT-shirtwithoutcomplaintforthelast
eightmonths,maybeit'struethatlesscanindeedbemore.
C.Themereprocessofbrowsingisoftenenoughtosatisfyyoulikeanactualspend.
D.Thisisn'talwaysabadthing.
E.ThoughIfindmyselfpickingthesamefamiliarfavouritesfromtheirhangerseach
day,Iliketohavechoice.
F.Whynotthinktwicebeforesendingyourunlovedclothesofftoenjoyanewlife?
AMaximalistCaseforaClearOut
Theannual"springclean"oftenfeelslikeanimpossibletask.Butwithmoretime
athomeonourhandsthanever,aglobalpandemic(疫情)hasreallyhighlightedthe
thingsinlifethatdoanddon*trelatetojoy-oneofthembeingourwardrobes(衣橱).
PmsurePmnotalonewhenIsaythatoverthepastfewmonths,theonlyclothing
Ihavereallyreachedfbrhasbeenofthemismatched,stretch-cottonvariety,wornand
re-worn.67Inthefaceoffastfashionandalarminglandfill
rates,weshouldbeproudofgivingourclothingalongandappreciativelife.Butthere
needstobeaplacefbrjoytoo.Thepartydressthatfeelsasfunasitlooks,andthe
tinyimpracticalhandbagthatonlysurviveseachclear-outbecauseofoldmemories
wovenintoit...doespracticalityalwayshavetowinoutoverjoy?
Assomebodywhooftenstrugglestoletsentimental(感性的)thingsgo,the
minimalist“capsulewardrobe“isonethatalwaysgivesmeabitofaheadache.
68Whatifgettingridofthatcardiganisassociatedwith
forgettingtheamazingnewsIreceivedwhileIwaswearingit?Whatifthoseshoes
aretheperfectfitformystillone-year-olddaughter?Itcanbedifficulttoknowwhere
tolimittheexhibitsofyourownlife'smuseum,ortopredictwhichitemswill
continuetofeellikethemostkeep-worthyversionof"you”.
Theanswertomostofthesethings,Fvefound,istheonlinesecond-handshop.
69Butifyoudofindyourselfneedinganythingnew,
second-handshoppingcanbeanaffordablewaytobuybetterqualityonceinsteadof
cheaponrepeat.
70Butbeforeyoudoawaywithyourwardrobeentirely
ifsimportanttorememberthefashionablepersonyouwerebeforethepandemic,and
canbeagain.
IV・SummaryWriting
Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthe
mainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaras
possible.
AreOrganicFoodtheBest?
Areorganicallygrownfoodsthebestfoodchoices?Theadvantagesclaimedfor
suchfoodsoverconventionally(传统方式地)grownandmarketedfoodproductsare
nowbeingdebated.Advocatesoforganicfoods-atermwhosemeaningvaries
greatly-frequentlyclaimthatsuchproductsaresaferandmorenutritiousthanothers.
Thegrowinginterestofconsumersinthesafetyandmorenutritionalqualityof
thedietisawelcomedevelopment.However,muchofthisinteresthasbeen
motivatedbysweepingclaimsthatthefoodsupplyisnotsafeoradequateinmeeting
nutritionalneeds.Althoughmostoftheseclaimsarenotsupportedbyscientific
evidence,thelargeamountofwrittenmaterialadvancingsuchclaimsmakesit
difficultforthegeneralpublictoseparatefactfromfiction.Asaresult,claimsthat
eatingadietconsistingentirelyoforganicallygrownfoodspreventsorcuresdisease
orprovidesotherbenefitstohealthhavebecomewidelypublicizedandformthebasis
forfolklore.
Almostdailythepublicissurroundedbyclaimsfor"no-aging“diets,new
vitamins,andotherwonderfoods.Therearenumerousunsubstantiatedreportsthat
naturalvitaminsaresuperiortosyntheticones,thatfertilizedeggsarenutritionally
superiortounfertilizedeggs,thatuntreated
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