陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习

陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习陈述句陈述句就是叙述一件事情后者表达一种看法的句子陈述句的分类陈述句可以分为肯定式和否定式两种。1.肯定式第一种：主语+谓语+其他，如Lucylikesplayingsports.Iamsinging.MyfatherwenttoBeijinglastweek.Shecanridethebike.第二种：主语+系动词+表语，如：Thisroomisempty.Wearegoodfriends.2.否定式陈述句的否定式有以下三种：第一种就是Be动词加，后面not构成否定句。如：lisaisnotastudentTherewerenotatschoolyesterday.第二种就是实义动词，而且没有情态动词或助动时，要用“do/dose/did+not构成否定。如：Idon'tlikemusic.Thefarmerdidnotwanttofeedtherabbit.第三种：谓语动词为“助动词、情态动词+实义动词”时，要用“助动词/情态动词+not”构成否定。如：Iamnotgoingtoplaycomputergames.Harrymustnotgotoschoolatnight.Wecannotgohikingwithyouthisweekend.二、疑问句分为四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句。一般疑问句通常以be,have,助动词或情态动词开头，回答时用Yes,No,朗读时要用升调。特殊疑问句是对句子某一部分的疑问句。特殊疑问句的句式是：特殊疑问词+—般疑问句。疑问词有who,whom,whose,what,when,why,where,how等。如：whoisourclassmateWhatdoesKatedoonSundaysWhosecatisitwhichbagwilltheybuyWhendidhegooutWhydon'twegotogetherWherewereyoulastnightHowareyoutoday选择疑问句的结构是提供两种或两种以上的情况，供对方进行选择回答的句子。选择疑问句的句式是：一般疑问句+or+可选择部分。如：aretheapplesredorgreen选择疑问句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问句+or+可选择部分。如：whichgirlistaller,SallyorJessica选择疑问句的回答和特殊疑问句一样，不能用yes或no,要根据实际情况回答。朗读时，选择疑问句在or前面的部分要用升调，句末要读降调。反义疑问句的句式有两种，一种是：肯定句陈述句+否定结构的反意疑问句是在陈述句的后面，对陈述句所说的实施或看法提出疑问的句子。附加疑问句。如：youknowhim,don'tyou另一种是：否定陈述句+肯定结构的附加疑问句。如：Sandycan'tspeakingEnglish,canhe反义疑问句也要用yes或No来回答。如果陈述句部分的内容是事实，就用yes回答，后面相应的用肯定结构；如果陈述句部分的内容不是事实，就用no来回答，后面跟否定结构。在翻译时要注意yes和no的意思。如：youknowhim,don'tyouYes,1do.（是，我认识。）No，Idon't（不，我不认识）Sandycan'tspeakEnglish,canheYes,hecan.（不，他会。）No,hecan't.（是的，他不会。）在朗读时，陈述句部分用降调，附加疑问可以升也可以降。三、祈使句什么是祈使句用来表示请示、命令、劝告、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。如：Sitdown,please.Becareful!祈使句的分类根据用途和功能，祈使句可以分为以下几类表请求。如：Closethewindow,please.表命令。如Stoptalking!表提醒或警告。如：Lookout!Thecariscoming.表邀请。如：Helpyourselftosomefish.表示禁止。如：Don'tspit!Noparking!四、感叹句的结构小学阶段的感叹句主要有how和what引导两种。感叹句的结构：how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语，如：hownicethebootsare!感叹句的结构：What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语,如：whataprettygirlsheis!但是如果是可数名词复数或不可数名词，就可以去掉句中的a/an.如：Whatexpensivepenstheseare!Whatpleasantweatheritis!巩固练习A.areA.areB.isC.do基础题()1.WhereisthemanA.UnderthetreeD.Mymother()2.HowdoyougotoA.At8:00D.Bybike()3.What'heA.WorkingD.Ateacher.()4.WhattimeA.AthomeD.At7:00()5.WhatA.isB.At10:00C.ReadabookschoolB.IC.TodayB.HisfatherC.AthomedoyouB.HeshedothismorningB.doesgetupeverydayC.CleanmybedroomC.doD.did()6.Howyoudo？D.did()7.Whichisbetter,theredonetheblueoneA.andB.orC.butDso()8.areyouWonderful!A.HowB.WhatC.WhoD.Where()9.isittodayIt'sMonday.A.WhatdateB.WhatdayC.WhattimeD.A.WhatdateB.WhatdayC.WhattimeD.Whatlanguage()10.shallwegoInthemoring.A.WhenB.WhoC.WhereD.A.WhenB.WhoC.WhereD.How()11.Excuseme,canyoutellmetogettotheNo.1MiddleSchoolA.whereB.whichC.whyDhow()gotthe100thgoldmetalintheOlympicsforChina-ZhangYining.A.WhoB.WhatC.WhenDWhere()13areyoutalkingaboutWearetalkingabouttheAsiaGamesinGuangzhou.A.WhatB.WhereC.WhyD.How()doyouvisityouruncle-onceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowmanyC.HowoftenDHowsoon()15.Excuseme!isthenearestbookshopIthinkit'sPeter's.Ithinkit'sPeter's.GodownthestreetandturnleftatthesecondcornerA.howB.whatC.whereD.A.howB.whatC.whereD.who()16.isatickerforthefilmHackerHeAboutfortyyuan.A.HowoldB.HowmanyC.HowmuchD.Howoften()17.areyougoingmgoingtothelibrary.A.WhoB.WhichC.WhatD.()17.areyougoingmgoingtothelibrary.A.WhoB.WhichC.WhatD.Where()18.It'seightWhere()18.It'seightA.WhatdayisitthreeB.What'sfiveandC.HowoldareyouD.What'syourC.HowoldareyouD.What'syourtelephonenumber()19.shallwemeetinthepark()19.WhatabouthalfpasteightA.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.Which()20.ayeardoesyourschoolhavesportsmeetingsTwiceayear.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howmanytimes提高题()1.areyougoingtobeinthefutureIwanttobeapersonYangLiwei.A.How,likeB.How,asC.What,likeD.What,as()willyourfatherbeback.A.HowlongB.howoftenC.HowsoonD.Howwide()3.sweateristhis

A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Whose()4.istheConfucianTemple孔庙)fromhereIt'sabout10minuters'walk.A.HowmanyB.HowlongC.HowmuchD.Howfar()5.mayIkeepthesebooktwoweeks.A.HowoftenB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howsoon()6.isitfromheretoYanchengRailwayStationAbouttwokilometers.A.HowoftenB.HowfarC.HowsoonD.Howlong()7.willtheforeignstudentsbebackfromNanJing.Intwodays,Ithink.D.Howfast()8.---Theonebehindthetree.A.WhosegirlB.Who'sthatgirlCD.Where'sthegirl()9.thepopulationofchinaA.HowmanyB.WhatC.How'sA.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.Howfar.WhichgirlD.What's()10.issheD.A.WhomB.WhoC.WhichD.When()11.isthebest,Tom,JackorTiC.WhomA.WhichB.WhoC.WhomD.What()12.milkdoyouneed-Threecups.WhereA.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.WhatD.()13.—I'vegotaheadacheandacough()13.B.What'swrongA.What'syourtroubleB.What'swrongwithitC.CanIhelpyouD.Howareyou()14.teadidyouhaveTwocups.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowsoonD.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowsoonD.Which()15.Behindthetree.A.WhosegirlB.Who'sthatgirlC.WhichgirlD.Where'sthegirl()1.thepriceofthepenIt'stwoyuan.A.WhatB.HowC.what'sD.A.WhatB.HowC.what'sD.What's()2.WhoseroomisthisA.HeB.himC.theirsDthey()3.WhereyoujustnowA.wasB.areC.doD.were()4.WhobestinhisclassA.danceB.dancingC.dancesDisdance()5.HowmanyarethereA.peoplesB.peopleC.sheepsD.meat()6.Couldyoutellme,howtothebankA.goB.goesC.wentD.togo()7.theweatherlike

A.WhatB.HowC.How'sD.A.WhatB.HowC.How'sD.What's()8.HowmuchthepenD.amA.doesB.areC.isD.am()9.areyougoingtohavedinnertonightWhatA.WhoB.WhereC.WhenD.What()10.doyougotoHongKongsorry,I'veneverbeenthere.HowA.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarDsoonHow对划线部分提问Mymothergoestoworkbybike.yourmothertoworkTherearesixkitesinthesky.arethereintheskyClassesbeginateight.classesIt'sSundaytoday.isittodayThecatsarerunningupthetree.arethecatsHewouldlikefivecakes.wouldhelikeTheyplayfootballeveryFriday.theyplayfootballAllanwillgobacktoEnglandbyplanenextmonth.AllangobacktoEnglandnextmonth9．Heoftenhaslunchinthefactory．heoftenlunch10．Igotupatsixthismorning．youupthismorning11．TheyweredrawingahorsewhenIcamein．theywhenIcamein12.TomcomesfromGreece.Tom13．Ididn'tgotoschoolbecauseIh