英语六级考试真题长难句分析范例

1/17英语六级考试真题长难句分析范例1.六级真题长难句分析Recentresearchhasalsoshownthatindulginginahigh-fatandhigh-sugardietmayhavenegativeeffectsonyourbrain,causinglearningandmemorydeficits.【分析】本句主干是“Recentresearchhasalsoshown…”,其后为that引导的宾语从句，动名词结构indulginginahigh-fatandhigh-sugardiet为从句主语，谓语部分为mayhave，宾语effects后接后置定语onyourbrain，动词现在分词短语causinglearningandmemorydeficits作从句的伴随状语。【译文】最近的研究还表明，沉迷于高脂肪和高糖饮食可能会对大脑产生负面影响，导致学习和记忆受损。2.六级真题长难句分析Anotherstudyalsofoundeatingahigh-fatandhigh-sugarbreakfasteachdayforaslittleasfourdaysresultedinproblemswithlearningandmemorysimilartothoseobservedinoverweightandobeseindividuals.【分析】本句主干是“Anotherstudyalsofound…”,其后为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，动名词结构eatingahigh-fatandhigh-sugarbreakfasteachdayforaslittleasfourdays为从句主语，resultedin为谓语部分，宾语problems有两个后置定语：介宾结构withlearningandmemory以及形容词短语similartothoseobservedinoverweightandobeseindividuals。【译文】另一项研究还发现，每天吃一顿高脂肪、高糖的早餐，在区区四天内就会导致学习和记忆方面的问题，这与超重和肥胖者的情况相似。3.六级真题长难句分析Nowanewstudyhasprovidedanothercontributiontothedebate,uncoveringstrongevidencethatadolescentwellbeingintheUnitedStatesreallyisexperiencingadeclineandarguingthatthemostlikelycauseistheelectronicricheswehavegiventhem.【分析】本句主干是“…anewstudyhasprovidedanothercontribution…”。Now是时间状语，tothedebate是contribution的后置定语。并列的动词现在分词短语“uncovering…adecline”和“arguing…giventhem”作伴随状语。第一个现在分词短语中包含that引导的同位语从句，说明名词evidence的具体内容；第二个现在分词短语中包含两个从句，第一个是that引导的宾语从句，该从句中还有一个定语从句wehavegiventhem，修饰名词短语theelectronicriches。【译文】现在，一项新的研究为这场辩论贡献了另外的依据，揭示了有力证据，表明美国青少年幸福感确实正在下降，并认为最有可能的原因是我们给予他们的电子财富。4.六级真题长难句分析However,the“screentime”hypothesis,advancedbyresearcherssuchasJeanTwenge,isthatelectronicdevicesandexcessivetimespentonlinemayhavereversedthesetrendsinrecentyears,causingproblemsforyoungpeople’spsychologicalhealth.

【分析】本句主干是“…the‘screentime’hypothesis…is…”，中间的插入语advancedbyresearcherssuchasJeanTwenge的作用相当于一个定语从句，修饰说明hypothesis，主句系动词is之后是that引导的表语从句，从句中的causingproblemsforyoungpeople’spsychologicalhealth为伴随状语。【译文】然而，让·特文格等研究人员提出的“屏幕时间”假设是，近年来，电子设备和过多的在线时间可能扭转了这些趋势，给年轻人的心理健康带来了问题。5.六级真题长难句分析Thedatawasslightlycomplicatedbythefactthattherewasatendencyforkidswhoweresocialintherealworldtoalsousemoreonlinecommunication,butbybracketingoutdifferentcasesitbecameclearthatthereal-worldsocialitycomponentcorrelatedwithgreaterwellbeing,whereasgreatertimeonscreensoronlineonlycorrelatedwithpoorerwellbeing.【分析】本句主干是“Thedatawasslightlycomplicated…，but…itbecameclear…”，即该句为but连接的并列句。第一个分句中含有多个复合句：that引导的同位语从句说明fact的内容，定语从句whoweresocialintherealworld，修饰名词kids。第二个并列分句中，bybracketingoutdifferentcases为方式状语，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，该主语从句又包含两个由whereas连接的并列分句，第一个并列分句是thereal-worldsocialitycomponentcorrelatedwithgreaterwellbeing，第二个并列分句是whereas之后的部分。【译文】数据稍微复杂了一点儿，因为现实中喜欢社交的孩子们也倾向于进行更多的在线交流，但把不同的例子放在一起就可以清楚地看到，现实世界社交能力与更高的幸福感相关，而在屏幕上或网络上花更多的时间只与更差的幸福指数相关。6.六级真题长难句分析Someexpertsevenconsiderlyingadevelopmentalmilestone,likecrawlingandwalking,becauseitrequiressophisticatedplanning,attentionandtheabilitytoseeasituationfromsomeoneelse’sperspectivetomanipulatethem.【分析】本句主干是“Someexpertsevenconsiderlyingadevelopmentalmilestone…”,likecrawlingandwalking为milestone的后置定语，其后是because引导的原因状语从句，该从句的主干为itrequiressophisticatedplanning,attentionandtheability，其后的动词不定式短语toseeasituationfromsomeoneelse’sperspectivetomanipulatethem作ability的后置定语。【译文】一些专家甚至将说谎视为如同爬行和行走一样的发展里程碑，因为它需要复杂的计划、注意力以及从他人角度观察情势的能力来驾驭这些行为。7.六级真题长难句分析Forafollow-upanalysis,hefoundthatpeoplewhoseneuralrewardcentresweremoreactivewhentheywonmoneywerealsomorelikelytobeamongthegroupofliars—suggestingthatlyingmayhavetodowiththeinabilitytoresisttemptation.【分析】本句主干是“…hefound…”，之前的Forafollow-upanalysis是介词短语作状语，found之后是that引导的宾语从句，其主干是“people…werealsomorelikelytobeamongthegroupofliars”，该从句又包含多个从句，主语people之后是定语从句whoseneuralrewardcentresweremoreactive，when引导的从句作时间状语，而破折号后的伴随状语部分中还包含that引导的宾语从句。【译文】在后续的分析中，他发现，那些在赢钱时神经奖励中心更为活跃的人，也更可能是说谎者之一——表明说谎可能与无法抵御诱惑有关。8.六级真题长难句分析TheCascadiaRisingdrillgivesarearesidentsandemergencyrespondersachancetopracticewhattodoincaseofa9.0-magnitudeearthquakeandtsunamialongoneofthenation’sdangerous—andunderestimated—faults.【分析】本句主干是“TheCascadiaRisingdrillgivesarearesidentsandemergencyrespondersachance…”,其中谓语动词gives后接间接宾语arearesidentsandemergencyresponders和直接宾语achance，其后的动词不定式短语作achance的后置定语。incaseofa9.0-magnitudeearthquakeandtsunami为目的状语，其后的alongoneofthenation’sdangerous—andunderestimated—faults为后置定语，修饰earthquakeandtsunami。【译文】卡斯卡迪亚提升演练为当地居民和应急人员提供了一次机会，让他们练习如何应对沿着美国其中一个危险且未受到足够重视的断层发生的9.0级地震和海啸。9.六级真题长难句分析Topreventthateventfrombecomingacatastrophe,firstresponderswilljoinmembersofthepublicinrehearsalsthatinvolvecommunication,evacuation,searchandrescue,andotherscenarios.【分析】本句主干是“…firstresponderswilljoinmembers…”。主干之前是动词不定式结构Topreventthateventfrombecomingacatastrophe作目的状语，ofthepublic是宾语members的后置定语，“inrehearsalsthat…”是宾语补足语，其中包含that引导的定语从句，修饰说明rehearsals。【译文】为了防止地震演变成一场大劫难，第一响应者们将与公众一道进行演习，模拟联络、疏散、搜索、救援以及其他场景。10.六级真题长难句分析Whatismoreimportant,thedecisionsthatwemakenowaboutthedesignofourcitieswilldeterminetheeverydaylivesandhealthofthecominggenerations.【分析】本句主干是“…thedecisions…willdeterminetheeverydaylivesandhealth…”。句首Whatismoreimportant是评注性状语，thatwemakenowaboutthedesignofourcities是限制性定语从句，修饰thedecisions。ofthecominggenerations是后置定语，修饰theeverydaylivesandhealth。【译文】更重要的是，我们现在做出的城市设计决策将决定未来几代人的日常生活和健康状况。11.六级真题长难句分析Thelevelofemissionstheycausewilldependonhowtheelectricitytorunthemisgenerated,whilebrakes,tyresandroadsallcreatetinyairborneparticlesastheywearout.【分析】本句主干是“Thelevelofemissions…willdependon…whilebrakes,tyresandroadsallcreatetinyairborneparticles…”。while连接两个并列句表示对比，theycause是省略that的限制性定语从句，修饰thelevelofemissions。howtheelectricitytorunthemisgenerated是宾语从句，作dependon的宾语。astheywearout是时间状语从句。【译文】它们产生排放的水平将取决于运行电力的产生方式，而刹车、轮胎和道路在磨损时都会产生微小的空气悬浮颗粒。12.六级真题长难句分析Researchersarealreadyaskingifmotorvehicleusehasreacheditspeakandwilldecline,buttransportplannershaveyettocatchupwiththistrend,insteadoflayingnewroadsto

tackletrafficjams.【分析】本句主干是“Researchersarealreadyasking…buttransportplannershaveyettocatchupwiththistrend…”,其中but连接两个并列句表示转折。ifmotorvehicleusehasreacheditspeakandwilldecline是宾语从句，作asking的宾语。insteadoflayingnewroadstotackletrafficjams是让步状语。【译文】研究人员已在询问机动车辆的使用是否已达高峰并将下降，但交通规划人员有待跟上这一趋势，而不是铺设新路来解决交通堵塞。13.六级真题长难句分析Ifyou’remoderatelyexercisingfor150minutesaweek,astheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommends,orlessthanthat,you’reprobablynotanextremeathlete.【分析】本句主干是“…you’reprobablynotanextremeathlete.”。句首Ifyou’remoderatelyexercisingfor150minutesaweek是条件状语从句，astheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommends是方式状语从句，150minutesaweek和orlessthanthat是介词for的并列宾语。【译文】如果你按照美国疾病控制与预防中心的建议，每周适度锻炼150分钟，或者少于150分钟，你可能不算是极限运动员。14.六级真题长难句分析Infact,alongwithhercolleagueConnieBales,Starrrecentlyconductedasmallstudythatfoundthataddingextraproteinfoodstothedietofobeseolderindividualswhoweretryingtoloseweightstrengthenedtheirmuscles.【分析】本句主干是“…Starrrecentlyconductedasmallstudy…”。alongwithhercolleagueConnieBales是伴随状语，“thatfound…”是限制性定语从句，修饰asmallstudy,“thataddingextraproteinfoodstothedietofobeseolderindividuals…strengthenedtheirmuscles”是宾语从句，该宾语从句中，主干是“addingextraproteinfoodstothediet…strengthenedtheirmuscles”，其中whoweretryingtoloseweight是限制性定语从句，修饰obeseolderindividuals。【译文】事实上，斯塔尔和她的同事康妮·贝尔斯最近一起进行了一项小型研究，发现在试图减肥的肥胖老年人的饮食中添加额外的蛋白质食物增强了他们的肌肉。15.六级真题长难句分析“Ialwaystellpeopletomakesurethey’redrinkingenoughfluids,”whichfortheaveragepersonis60to70ouncesaday,whichtranslatesintoeight8-ounceglassesofwaterorliquidperday.【分析】本句主干是“Ialwaystellpeopletomakesurethey’redrinkingenoughfluids…”,其后whichfortheaveragepersonis60to70ouncesaday是非限制性定语从句，修饰主干。whichtranslatesintoeight8-ounceglassesofwaterorliquidperday是非限制性定语从句，修饰其前的定语从句。【译文】“我总是告诉人们要确保饮用足够的液体，”这对于普通人而言是每天60到70盎司，相当于每天8杯8盎司的水或液体。16.六级真题长难句分析Asyouacquireadistinctiveidentity,yourattitudesarefurtherrefinedbythebehaviorofthosewithwhomyouidentify—yourfamily,thoseofyourgenderandculture,andthepeopleyouadmire,eventhoughyoumaynotknowthempersonally.

【分析】本句主干是“…yourattitudesarefurtherrefinedbythebehavior…”。Asyouacquireadistinctiveidentity是时间状语从句，ofthose是后置定语，withwhomyouidentify是限制性定语从句，修饰those。yourfamily,thoseofyourgenderandculture,andthepeople是those的同位语，youadmire是限制性定语从句，修饰thepeople，eventhoughyoumaynotknowthempersonally是让步状语从句。【译文】当具有鲜明个性时，你的态度会通过认同之人的行为得到进一步完善，而认同之人包括家人、性别和文化相同人士以及你崇拜的人，即使自己可能并不认识他们。17.六级真题长难句分析Aboutthatsametimeandthroughoutadulthood,theinformationyoureceive,especiallywhenideasarerepeatedinassociationwithgoalsandachievementsyoufindattractive,alsorefinesyourattitudes.【分析】本句主干是“…theinformation…alsorefinesyourattitudes.”。句首Aboutthatsametimeandthroughoutadulthood是时间状语，youreceive是修饰theinformation的限制性定语从句，whenideasarerepeatedinassociationwithgoalsandachievements是时间状语从句，youfindattractive是修饰goalsandachievements的限制性定语从句。【译文】大约在青春期的同一时间和整个成年期，你所接收的信息也会完善你的态度，尤其是那些与吸引自己的目标和成就相关的想法反复出现时。18.六级真题长难句分析That’swhy,forexample,manysaytheybelieveinthebenefitsofrecyclingorexercise,butdon’tbehaveinlinewiththeirviews,becauseittakesawareness,effortandcouragetogobeyondmerelystatingthatyoubelievesomethingisagoodidea.【分析】本句主干是“That’swhy…”,其中“why…manysay…butdon’tbehave...”是表语从句，theybelieveinthebenefitsofrecyclingorexercise是say的宾语从句，“becauseittakesawareness,effortandcouragetogobeyondmerelystating…”是原因状语从句，thatyoubelievesomethingisagoodidea是stating的宾语从句。【译文】举例来说，这就是为什么许多人表示他们相信回收利用或锻炼身体的好处，但其言行却不一致，因为这需要意识、努力和勇气，才能不仅仅只是说自己相信某事是个好主意。19.六级真题长难句分析Italsohighlightsincidentsoffishingboatsbeinginvolvedingroundings,oilspillsandaccidents,whichposedaseriousthreattotheAntarcticecosystem.【分析】本句主干是“Italsohighlightsincidents…”。offishingboats是incidents的后置定语，beinginvolvedingroundings,oilspillsandaccidents是fishingboats的后置定语，whichposedaseriousthreattotheAntarcticecosystem是非限制性定语从句。【译文】该研究还强调了涉及搁浅、石油泄漏和事故的渔船事件，这些对南极生态系统造成了严重威胁。20.六级真题长难句分析FridaBengtssonfromGreenpeace’sProtecttheAntarcticcampaignsaid:“Ifthekrillindustrywantstoshowit’saresponsibleplayer,thenitshouldbevoluntarilygettingoutofanyareawhichisbeingproposedasanoceansanctuary,andshouldinsteadbebackingtheprotectionofthesehugetractsoftheAntarctic.”【分析】本句主干是“FridaBengtsson…said…”,其中fromGreenpeace’sProtecttheAntarcticcampaign是主语的后置定语。引号内部分为直接引语，其中“itshouldbevoluntarilygettingoutofan