自考0795综合英语(二)基础班课程讲义全下册Lessom14

OutlineoftheTextPart1:(Para.1)ViolinistRudolfmadealivingbygivingconcertsinsmallseaporttowns.Part2:(Para.2)InvarioustownsinIcelandtheaudiencedidn'tunderstandhismusic.Part3:(Paras.3-5)Hearrivedatalighthousetoseekshelterfromacomingstorm.Part4:(Paras.6-9)Rudolflearnedallaboutthelighthousekeeper'ssimplelife.Part5:(Paras.10-20)Rudolffoundanunderstandinglistenerforhismusicinthelighthouse.textPart1:(Para.1)OncetherewasalittleconcertviolinistnamedRudolf,wholivedinSweden.Onceadv.从前，曾经•••wholivedinSweden非限定性定语从句，修饰RudolfSomeofhisfriendsthoughthewasnotthebestofmusiciansbecausehewasrestless;othersthoughthewasrestlessbecausehewasnotthebestofmusicians.译文：他的一些朋友认为他之所以成不了一流乐手是因为他不安分，另一些朋友觉得，正因为他不是一流乐手，他才不安分。musiciannAtanyrate,hehituponawayofmakingaliving,withnocompetitors.译文：无论是哪种情况，反正他想出了一个没有竞争对手的谋生之路。Atanyrate,hehituponawayofmakingaliving,withnocompetitors--Whateverthecasemaybe,hecameupwithawayofsupportinghimself;nobodyelsewouldwanttomakealivingthisway.Whetherbychoiceornecessity,heusedtosailaboutScandinaviainhissmallboat,allalone,givingconcertsinlittleseaporttowns.译文：或许是他乐意这样做，或许是没有别的办法，他常常独自驾驶小舟到斯堪的纳维亚地区海边小镇进行演出。2Bychoice自愿e.g.Ishouldtakethisbychoice.usedtodosth.过去常常beusedtodoingsth习惯于Ifhefoundanaccompanist,wellandgood;ifnot,heplayedworksforunaccompaniedviolin;wellandgood那也不错andithappenedonceortwicethathewantedapianosobadlythatheimaginedone,andthenheplayedwholesonatasforviolinandpiano,withnopianoinsight.译文：有一两次他特别想有钢琴伴奏，只好假想有，居然在眼前根本没有钢琴的情况下，演奏了整部小提琴和钢琴协奏曲。Insight被看到Part2:(Para.2)2OneyearRudolfsailedallthewayouttoIcelandandbeganworkinghiswayaroundthatrockycoastfromonetowntoanother.译文：有一年，鲁道夫驾船一直抵达遥远的冰岛，开始艰难地环绕那岩石密布的海岸，从一个城镇到另一个城镇巡回演出。Workone'sway费力前进e.g.Heworkedhiswaytothefrontofthecrowd.Itwasahard,stubbornland;butpeopleinthosedifficultplacesdonotforgetthelawofhospitalitytothestranger-fortheirGodmaydecreethattheytooshallbecomestrangersonthefaceoftheearth.译文：这是一片坚硬、难以开发的土地；不过那些艰苦地方的人们对初来乍到的人并没有忘记自己的待客之道--因为说不定哪天命运也会把他们带到陌生的地方。•••butpeopleinthosedifficultplacesdonotforgetthelawofhospitalitytothestranger--butpeopleinthosepoorplacesareverykindandfriendlytootherswhocometotheirland.orderTheaudiencesweresmall,andevenifRudolfhadbeenreallyfirst-rate,theywouldnothavebeenverydemonstrative.译文：听众不多，即便鲁道夫真是一流演奏家，他们也不会表露出多少热情／有多热烈的表现。first-class•evenifRudolfhadbeenreallyfirst-rate,theywouldnothavebeenverydemonstrative--evenifRudolfhadplayedverywell,theaudiencewouldnothaveshownemotion.Fromancienttimestheirenergyhadgone,firstofall,intoearnesttoil.译文：自古以来，他们首先必须辛勤劳动。(即：谋生是他们的首要活动，劳动之余，没有多少精力去听音乐。)Sometimesthelocalschoolteacher,whoremindedthemoftheirdutytothenamesofBeethovenandBachandMozartandoneortwootherswhosemusicperhapswasnotmuchheardinthoseparts,collectedthem.译文：当地的那位教书先生有时让他们聚在一起，给他们演奏一些曲子，让他们知道世界上有伟大的音乐家贝多芬、巴赫、莫扎特以及其作品本地老百姓不太熟悉的其他一两位音乐家。Collected…本句谓语Remindsb.ofsth/todosth.提醒某人某事/去做某事Toooftenpeoplesatstolidlywatchingthenoisylittlefiddler,andwenthomefeelinggravelyedified.Buttheypaid.译文：演奏时，听众常常是呆若木鸡地瞅着那唧唧喳喳的乐手；散场回家时，他们觉得受到深刻教育。不过钱他们总是付的。Part3:(Paras.3-5)AsRudolfwassailingfromonetowntothenextalongasparselysettledshore,thenortheastturnedblackandmenacing.along沿着，顺着Sparselyadv.稀疏地，稀少地Menacing险恶的AstormwasbearingdownuponIceland.译文：一场暴风雨就要袭击冰岛了。2Beardownon/upon向…迅速逼近e.g.Anenemywarshipwasbearingdownuponours.approachRudolfwasroundingableak，dangerouscape，andhismaptoldhimthatthenearestharborwashalfaday'sjourneyaway.译文：此时鲁道夫正在一处荒凉、险要的海角行驶，据地图所示，他离最近的港口也有半天的航程。desertedHewasstartingtoworrywhenhesaw，lessthanamileoffshore，alighthouseonatinyrockisland.offshore离岸，在近海处Lighthouse灯塔Atthebaseofthelighthousewasadeep，narrowcove，protectedbycliffs.译文：灯塔的底部旁边是一个水深面窄的小海湾，四周有峭壁环抱着。Withsomedifficulty，intherisingseas，heputinthereandmooredtoanironringthathungfromthecliff.译文：风急浪高，他好不容易靠岸，把船系泊于悬挂在峭壁上的铁环上。roughAflightofstairs，cutintherock，leduptothelighthouse.译文：在岩石上开凿出来的节节台阶一直通到灯塔。Ontopofthecliff，outlinedagainstthescuddingclouds，stoodaman.译文：在翻滚乌云的衬托之下，悬崖顶上站着一个人。2Leadupto:渐渐引向e.g.Hisflatteringwordsleduptoarequestformoney.Leadto:resultin导致e.g.Thiswillleadtotroubleinthefuture.Leadsb.bythenose:完全控制某人e.g.Themotheralwayswantstoleadherchildbythenose.Leadsb.tothealtar/leadsb.astray:把某人弓I入歧途e.g.Thegirl'sfatherblamedherboyfriendforleadingherastray.4"Youarewelcome!"thevoiceboomedoverthesoundofthewavesthatwerealreadybeginningtobreakovertheisland.译文："欢迎光临！"有人说，那低沉的声音在天空回响，盖过拍击小岛的海浪的轰鸣声。Darknessfellquickly.Thelighthousekeeperledhisguestupthespiralstairstothelivingroomonthethirdfloor，thenbusiedhimselfinpreparationforthestorm.译文：灯塔看守人带着客人上了螺旋型楼梯，到了三层的起居室，然后就忙着准备应付暴风雨的来临。lighthouse2Busyoneselfin/with使忙于e.g.Theprofesssorbusiedhimselfwithscientificresearch.bebusydoingsthAboveall,hehadtoattendtothegreatlampinthetower,thatdominatedthewholeregion.译文：压倒一切的任务是，他要负责照管好塔顶上的那盏统帅着全区的巨灯。Itwasacontinuouslight,intensifiedbyreflectors,andeclipsedbyshuttersatregularintervals.Thedurationoflightwasequaltothatofdarkness.译文：那是一盏持续发光的灯，反射器使其更亮，百叶窗定时开合，使其时亮时暗，亮与暗的时间相等。atintervals相隔一定距离，不时Part4:(Paras.6-9)Thelighthousekeeperwasahugeoldmanwithagrizzledbeardthatcamedownoverhischest.译文：灯塔看守人是个大个子的老人，苍白的胡子一直搭拉到胸前。graySlow,deliberate,bearlike,hemovedwithoutwastedmotionaboutthelimitedworldofwhichhewasthemaster.译文：他像一只熊，行动缓慢、沉着稳重，在自己主宰的那个小天地里，活动自如，没有一个动作是多余的。calmHespokelittle,asifwordshadnotmuchimportancecomparedtotheotherforcesthatcomprisedhislife.Yethewasequable,asthoseelementswerenot.译文：他话不多，好像话语没有构成他生活的大自然的力量重要，不过他很稳定，平和，而那些力量却并非如此。constitute2Yethewasequable,asthoseelementswerenot--Butunlikethoseforcesofnaturehelivedwithallaroundhim---thewind,stormandthunder,hewaskind,calmandgentle.Afterthesupperofblackbreadandboiledpotatoes,fish,cheeseandhottea,whichtheytookinthekitchenabovethelivingroom,whichtheytookinthekitchenabovethelivingroom非限定性定语从句，修饰supperthetwomensatandcontemplatedeachother'spresence.译文：两人相对而坐，琢磨着因何在此不期邂逅。Abovethemwasthemaintenanceroom,andabovethatthegreatlampspokemajestic,silentmessagesoflighttotheshipsatsea.译文：他们的上面是维修室，再往上是那盏巨灯，它用其光芒向海上的船只庄重而默默地发出信号。Thestormhammeredlikeabatteringramonthewallsofthelighthouse.Rudolfofferedtobacco,feelingsuddenlyimmatureashedidso.译文：暴风雨像古代的攻城槌一样撞击着灯塔的墙壁。鲁道夫拿出烟叶给老人递过去，此时他突然感到自己稚气未脱。Theoldmansmiledalittleashedeclineditbyaslightmovementofthehead;itwasasifheknewwelltheusesoftobaccoandtheneedforofferingit,andaffirmeditall,yet-herehe,too,washalfwayapologetic-wasself-containedandwithoutneedofanythingthatwasnotalreadywithinhispower.译文：老人笑了笑，轻轻摇了摇头以示谢绝；好像他知道烟草的用处，也知道为什么要向他敬烟，这些他都明白，不过他颇带歉意地表示，他需要的东西什么都有，他不需要他无力享有的任何东西。2*^he•••wasself-containedandwithoutneedofanythingthatwasnotalreadyinhispower--•••he・・・hadeverythingheneededinthelighthouse,anddidn'tneedanythingthathedidn'thave.Andhesatthere,gentleandreflective,hisgreatworkmanhandsrestingonoutspreadthighs.译文：于是他坐在那里，和蔼、深沉，一双劳动者的大手搭在伸开的大腿上。8ItseemedtoRudolfthatthelighthousekeeperwasentirelyawareofallthesoundsofthestormandofitsviolentimpactuponthelighthouse.Butheknewthemsowellthathedidnothavetothinkaboutthem:theywereliketheinvoluntarymovementsofhisownheartandblood.译文：鲁道夫感到灯塔看守人完全意识到暴风雨的一切轰鸣声以及风浪对灯塔猛烈的冲击，可是这些他都太熟悉了，没有必要去考虑，就像他对自己的心脏跳动和血液流动，从不刻意留心一样。Inthesameway,beneaththesimplecourtesythatmadehimspeakandlistentohisguestinspecificways,hewasalreadycalmlyandmysteriouslyapartofhim,assurelyasthemainlandwasconnectedwiththelittleisland,andalltheislandswithoneanother,soextensively,undertheocean.译文：表面上看，出于起码的礼貌，他以特有的方式和客人谈话、倾听客人的见闻，但是，同样也是在不知不觉之中，在内心的深处，他已经悄悄地、神奇地和客人结合在一起了，就像这个小岛和大陆在海底连接在一起一样，就像所有的岛屿在广阔的海底连在一起一样。goodmannerGraduallyRudolfdrewforththesparsedataoftheoldman'slife:Hehadbeenborninthisverylighthouseeighty-threeyearsbefore,whenhisfatherwasthelighthousekeeper.译文：鲁道夫渐渐从老人那里了解到他简单的经历：83年以前，他就出生在这座灯塔内，那时他的父亲是看守人。2Drawforth招致，使出现e.g.Theirarrogancedrewforthfailure.Hismother-theonlywomanhehadeverknown-hadtaughthimtoreadtheBible,andhereaditdaily.Hehadnootherbooks.Part5:(Paras.10-20)Asamusician,Rudolfhadnothadtimetoreadmucheither-butthen,hehadlivedincities.Hereacheddownandtookhisbelovedviolinoutofitscase.译文：他躬身从盒子里拿出了心爱的小提琴。bend"Whatdoyoumakewiththat,sir?"theoldmanasked.译文："先生，这东西是做什么用的？"老人问道。ForasecondRudolfthoughthishostmightbejoking;buttheserenityoftheother'sexpressionreassuredhim.译文：有一阵子，鲁道夫以为主人是在开玩笑，不过他那认真的表情使鲁道夫确信那不是玩笑。peaceTherewasnotevencuriosityabouttheinstrument,butratherawholeinterestinhim,theperson,thatincludedhis"work."InmostcircumstancesRudolfwouldhavefoundithardtobelievethattherecouldexistsomeonewhodidnotknowwhataviolinwas;yetnowhehadnoinclinationtolaugh.Hefeltsmallandinadequate.译文：他表现出来的，甚至不是对那乐器的好奇，而是对他这个人的兴趣，包括对他的"活计"的兴趣。在其他情况下，鲁道夫决不会相信居然有人不知道小提琴为何物，可是，此刻他可不想笑，他感到自己渺小、感到自己不足。""Imake・・・musicwithit,""hestammeredinalowvoice.译文：〃我用它制作…音乐。〃他低声、结巴地说。"Music,"theoldmansaidponderously."Ihaveheardofit.ButIhaveneverseenmusic."译文：老人若有所思地说，"音乐，我听说过，可是从来没有见过。""Onedoesnotseemusic.Onehearsit."译文："音乐是听的，不是看的。"16"Ahyes,"thelighthousekeeperconsented,asitwere,withhumilitHyi.swidegrayeyesresteduponthelittlefiddlerandconferreduponhimalltheimportanceofwhichanyindividualiscapable.译文："是啊，"灯塔看守人表示赞同，好像十分谦逊。他睁大了那双灰色的眼睛，目光落在那小个子乐手身上，对他刮目相看。Confer•••(title,honor,degree,etc.)onsb.授予某人(头衔、荣誉、学位等)ThensomethinginthestormandthelighthouseandtheoldmanexaltedRudolf,filledhimwithcompassionandloveandaspaciousnessinfinitelybeyondhimself.Hewantedtostrikeaworkoffireandstarsintobeingfortheoldman-Rudolfwantedtoplaysomepassionatemusicfortheoldman.excitedAnd,withthestormashisaccompanist,hestoodandbegantoplay-theKreutzerSonataofBeethoven.译文：暴风雨、灯塔和老人三者融合起来，使他心里充满了慈悲和真爱，使他的心胸顿时宽阔无比，使他超越了自我，他想为老人演奏一部感情奔放的作品。他站起身来，以暴风雨为伴奏，开始演奏贝多芬的克莱泽奏鸣曲。Themomentspassed,momentsthatweredaysinthecreationofthatworldoffireandstars;momentsofthestruggleofallmen;andfinallymomentsthatshowedthegreatnessofallhumanspirits.NeverbeforehadRudolfplayedwithsuchmastery-orwithsuchanaccompanist.译文：音乐表现的时刻结束了，创作那个激情世界的日日夜夜完全体现在演奏的时刻之中，那些全人类斗争的时刻，以及最终表现人类伟大精神的时刻。鲁道夫从来没有演奏得如此出色，从来没有过如此的伴奏。Wavesandwindbeatthetowerwithgianthands.Steadilyabovethemthebeaconthrewitslifesavingbeamsacrossthedarkandangryseas.译文：风浪伸出巨手拍打着塔楼。在两人的上面，灯塔向黑暗、汹涌的大海放射出能够挽救生命的光束。2Beatsth./sb.back/off：击退,赶跑e.g.ThepolicebeatoffthedemonstratorstoletthePresident'scarthrough.Beatsth.down:打倒;把价格压低e.g.Hewanted$10forthedress,butIbeathimdownto$8.5.Beatsb.up:痛打某人e.g.Theboysrobbedtheoldmanandbeathimup.Beatsth.up:用力搅拌（鸡蛋等）e.g.Beatuptheeggwhitesuntiltheybecomestiff.Beatsb.blackandblue:把某人打得青一块紫一块ThelastnoteceasedandRudolfdroppedhihseadonhischest,breathinghard.Theoceanthrewitswaterovertheislandwitharoarasofmanyvoices.译文：琴声嘎然终止，鲁道夫的头向着胸膛耷拉下来，急促地喘着气。大海仍然在咆哮，犹如万民怒吼，巨浪不断拍击、吞噬着小岛。19Theoldmanhadsatunmovingthroughthework,hisbroad,gnarledhandsrestingonhisthighs,hisheadbowed,listeningmassively.译文：乐曲演奏的过程中，老人一直坐着不动，他那饱经风霜的双手放在腿上，低着头，全神贯注地听着乐曲。Forsometimehecontinuedtositinsilence.Thenhelookedup,liftedthosehandscalmly,judiciously,andnoddedhishead.译文：他静静地又坐了一会儿，然后抬起头来，安详地、有见地地举起了双手，点了点头。20"Yes,"hesaid."Thatistrue."译文："是的，"他说，"是这么回事。"P502注意题目的含义。要理解listener的意思必须了解listen的意思。Listen有两个层次的含义：（1）表层含义tomakeanefforttohearsth./sb.withone'sear努力使（生理的）耳朵接受；（2）深层含义（即哲学含义）tohearwithintheinnerear,tocontemplate,tobeawareof用心灵的耳朵听，去思考，去意识。III.VocabularyExercises1.Completethefollowingsentenceswithwordsformedwithdifferentprefixesorsuffixes,makingchangesinthespellingwherevernecessary.（n.:harmracistadj.:emptyrealv.:discovercharge）1）Nick,ablackyoungman,felthewasluckyenoughtoworkunderan（non-racist）employer.2）Ifyoudon'tworkveryhard,ofcourseyoucan't（realize）yourambitionforthefuture.non-racistrealize3）Whenthecashierfoundshehad（overcharged）mebyatleast5dollars,sheapologisedforhercarelessness.overcharged4）Mostsmokersknowthatsmokingis（harmful）,butnotmanywouldliketoquitit.harmful5）Whenherchildrengrewupandgone,shefelta（n）（emptiness）.emptinessCompletethefollowingsentences.1）Putsuitableprepositionsoradverbsintheblanks.（1）Itoccurred（to）himthatthethiefmighthaveescapedthroughthewindow.occurtosbthinkofsthsaddening（2）Thechildrensatstill（through/throughout）theperformance.（3）Hehit（upon）agoodideaofcontactinghisfriends-throughtheInternet.（4）Hedevotedallhissparetime（to）stampcollection.devototo（5）Inhispoem,thespeakercomparedhislove（to）asummer'pareto（6）Compared（with/to）John,Peterisbetter（in）everyrespect.（7）Wehavetotakeexams（at）regularintervals.（8）Weloveourcountry（in）thesamewayasweloveourmother.（9）Sorry.It'snot（in）mypowertogiveyouthatkindofinformation.（10）Allroadslead（to）Rome.2）Choosetherightwordforeachblankandputtheverbintherightform.（1）raise,riseA.Thechairman（rose）fromhisseatanddeclaredthemeetingopen.B.He（raised）himselffromthegroundandwalkedon.raise[ei]vt+n/代rise[ai]vi+prep/xrise（过去时）rose、risen（2）stop,ceaseThelibrarycardhas（ceased）tobeeffective.Thebaby（stopped）cryingassoonashesawhismother.sthceasesb或sthstop（3）agree,consentBothparties（agree/agreed）ontheseterms.She（consented）tothedoctor'sassertionthathersonwasill,butshewouldnotconsenttohavinghimhospitalized.agreeonsthagreewithsbagreetosthconsenttosthconsenttodoingsth（4）sensible,sensitiveBecarefulnottocriticizehimtooopenly.He'svery（sensitive）.She'svery（sensible）aboutmoney.（5）sorry,sorrowfulA.Icouldseefromher（sorrowful）facehowunhappyshewas.B.Ifelt（sorry）forthechildrenwhenIheardoftheirdivorce.sorrowful定besorryforsthsbChoosethebestwordforeachblank.Communicationisthe（1）（key）（answer,core,key,solution）toanysocialsystem,andorganizationstheworldoverarecommunicatingmorewithsuchtechnological（2）（advances）（advances,enhances,gains,proofs）asvoice-mail,electronicmailboxes,faxmachines.Afewyearsago,mydepartmentofficewasoneofthefirsttohaveasimple（3）（answering）（answer,answered,answering,answering-use）machine.Nowtheentirefacultyis（4）（hooked）（associated,connected,hooked,linked）intoe-mail,soamessagearrivesintheelectronicmailboxofthe（5）（desired）（asked,desired,hoped,needed）personandwaitsforhimtogetit.