高三复习-非谓语动词课件

非谓语动词Non-predicateVerbs1一、功能主语宾语表语定语状语宾语补足语不定式√√√√√√v-ing√√√√√√v-ed√√√√2二、主要用法（一）非谓语动词做定语1.todo作后置定语①表将来e.g.Thecartobebought(buy)isforhissister.②当被修饰的名词前面又被序数词和最高级修饰时或被theonly修饰时e.g.Hewasthebestmantodo(do)thejob.e.g.Shewasthefirstwomantowin(win)thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.3③某些抽象名词如ability，attempt,chance,opportunity,effort，用todo作后置定语

e.g.DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?42.tobedone

表将来，“将被做”

e.g.Thequestiontobediscussed(discuss)tomorrowisveryimportant.3.doing

与被修饰名词主动关系Idon’tknowtheboystanding(stand)underthetree.54.done

与被修饰名词被动关系e.g.Haveyoureadthenovelwritten(write)byDickens?5.beingdone

正在被做e.g.Thehousesbeingbuilt(build)nowarefortheteachers.6练一练1.Hewasthelastone____(leave)schoolyesterday.2.Thechild____(stand)overthereismybrother．3.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow________(say)hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.4.

It’ssaidthattheOlympicGames_____(hold)inLondonin2020willcovermoreeventsthananyotherOlympicsdid.

75.Doyouhavetheability__(readandwrite)English?

6.Thebuilding___(build)nextyearisourdormitory.7.Ithinkthescientificadvances___(mention)inyourarticleareinteresting.8.Themeeting__(hold)nowisofgreatimportance.

8(二)非谓语作状语1.todo①表“目的”，为了做某事。还可作原因状语e.g.Helenhadtoshouttomake(make)herselfheardabovethesoundofthemusic.e.g.I’mverygladtosee(see)you.②表意想不到的结果，结果却…e.g.Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.92.tobedone作状语①表“目的”，为了被…②表意想不到的的结果，结果却被…e.g.Hehurriedtothestationonlytobetold(tell)thatthetrainhadleft.103.doing作状语与逻辑主语是主动关系，且与主句的谓语动词基本上同时发生e.g.Notknowing(know)whattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.4.Havingdone作状语与逻辑主语是主动关系，先于主句谓语动词发生e.g.

Havingbought(buy)apreciousdiamondnecklaceforhiswife,Tomcouldn’taffordatieforhimself.115.done过去分词作状语与逻辑主语是被动关系，e.g.Encouraged(encourage)byherteachers,Rosedidwellatschool.6.Havingbeendone作状语与逻辑主语是被动关系，且先发生Havingbeenasked(ask)workovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.12★补充：非谓语作状语，也可用连词when,while,once,until,if,unless,although+doing或donee.g.Ifgivenmoreattentionto,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.e.g.Wehavetoconsidertheneedforenvironmental

protectionwhendevelopingeconomy.13练一练1.Theisland,

(join)tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.2.Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,____(say)nothingabouttheargument.3.(translate)

intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.

4.

(open)in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyastheoriginalfunpark.

145.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek_____(watch)TV.

6._______(complete)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.7.When________(ask)whyhewentthere,hesaidhewassenttheretobetrainedforaspaceflight.

8.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless____(water)everyday.

159.___(search)thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyouwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.10.The

news

reporters

hurried

to

the

airport

,

only

____(tell)

the

film

stars

had

left.11.____(live)inNanjingformanyyears,heknowstheplaceverywell.12.____(keep)inthefridgefortwohours,thefoodhasgonebad.16(三)非谓语作宾语补足语1.不定式todosth.作宾语补足语常见的用不定式作宾补的动词有:ask,cause,get,want,wish,tell,advise,encourage,persuade,invite,permit,allow,force,expect,beg,urge,require,callon…e.g.Iaskedhimtocomeover.172.doing作宾语补足语表示与宾语是主动关系，“一直做或正在做”e.g.IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.3.过去分词done作宾语补足语表示与宾语是被动关系，“被做”e.g.IoftenhearthisEnglishsongsungbyLily.4.“省略to的不定式”作宾语补足语表示与宾语是主动关系，表动作的全过程

e.g.Theteacherhadmerepeatthestory.18练一练1.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenordered____(issue)clearwarningbeforefiringanyshot.2.Passengersarepermitted___(carry)

onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.3.Ismellsomething_______(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?

4.Don’tleavethewater_______(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.

195.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish_____(speak)asmuchaswecan.6.Myadvisorencouragedme________(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.

7.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade________(learn).Healwaysworkshard.

8.Wefoundthestudentsseatedattablesandhadtheireyes_____(fix)onthesceneofthelaunchofShenzhouVspaceship.20(四)非谓语作主语1.不定式todo作主语e.g.Tofindabestfriendisdifficult.=Itisdifficulttofindabestfriend.2.动名词doing作主语e.g.Walkingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.21练一练1._________(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.22(五)非谓语作宾语

1.只能用不定式todo作宾语的动词：want,need,hope,expect,like,hate,try,manage,intend,plan,pretend,prefer,agree,refuse,learn,decide,choose,offer,promise,wish等

e.g.HepretendnottoseemewhenIpassedby.232.只能用V-ing作宾语的动词：admit,dislike,imagine,delay,consider,mind,avoid,enjoy,practice,miss,finish,keep,suggest,deny,allow,permit,forbid,risk,can’thelp,putoff,giveup,feellike,bebusy,havedifficulty,haveagoodtime,can’tstand(忍受)等。e.g.Wedon’t

allowsmoking

inthehall.e.g.Ihavetoputoffshoppingtilltomorrow.243.后面既可以直接加doing也可以直接加todo，两者意义大致相同的词有：continue,begin,start,love,hate,like等。254.有些动词后面既可以直接加doing也可以直接加

todo，但两者意义完全不同的词forget/remembertodosth.忘记/记得要去做某事forget/rememberdoingsth.忘记/记得已经做过某事trytodo努力做某事trydoing试着做某事regretdoing后悔已经做过某事regrettodosth.很遗憾要去做某事meandoing意味着做某事meantodo打算做某事can’thelpdoing情不自禁地做某事can’thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事261.—CanIsmokehere?—Sorry.Wedon’tallow_____(smoke)here.2.Ican’tstand____(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_____(stop)talkingwhilesheworks.3.—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted___(nottake)hisadvice!

4.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways___(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.

27（六）非谓语作表语1.不定式作表语e.g.Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.注意：作表语，一般要用带to的不定式,但当主语部分有实义动词do时,to可以省略。e.g.Nowtheonlythingwecandoiswait.e.g.WhatIwantedtodo

is

take

anapforabouttwodays.282.v-ing和v-ed作表语★

v-ing形式表示“令人…的”，多用来修饰事或物★

v-ed表示“感到…的”，多用来修饰人，人的声音或表情等如interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的；

exciting令人激动的；excited感到激动的

frightening，frightened29四、注意情况（一）用省to的不定式的情况1.在wouldrather,hadbetter,whynot,can’tchoosebut(只好)，can’thelpbut(只能/禁不住)

后面，用省to的不定式。

e.g.Iwouldrathergoswimming.e.g.Youhadbettertidyyourbedroom.e.g.WhynotvisityourcousininJapan?302.当两个动词不定式由and,or,except,but,than,ratherthan相连接时，通常第二个不定式要省略to。e.g.Doyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchafilm?e.g.Idecidedtowriteratherthanphone.313.动词不定式在介词but,except,otherthan后面作宾语时，要带to，但如果这些词的前面有do,does,did时，这些词