2017年6月英语四级考试真题及答案解析第一套版

Theself-drivingsystemwasThecarwasmovingatafast【解析】由“ourtestdriverbelievedthebuswasgoingtosloworstoptoallowustomergeintothetrafficandthattherewouldbesufficientspacetodothat.”可知，答案为B。A)TheyhavedonebetterthanconventionalTheyhavecausedseveralsevereTheyhaveposedathreattootherTheyhavegenerallydonequite【解析】由“The'sself-drivingcarshavedonewelloveramillionacrossvariousstatesintheUS,anduntilnowhaveonlyreportedminoraccidents.”可知，答案为D。Oneof'sself-drivingcarscrashedintoabusinCalifornialastmonth.Therewerenoinjuries.Itisnotthefirsttimeoneof'sfamedself-drivingcarshasbeeninvolvedinacrash,butitmaybethefirsttimeithascausedone.OnFebruary14ththeself-drivingcar,travellingat2mph(3km/h),pulledoutinfrontofapublicbusgoing15mph(24km/h).Themaninthevehiclereportedthatheassumedthebuswouldslowdowntoletthecarout,andsohedidnotswitchtothemanualmode.Inastatement,said:"Weclearlybearsomeresponsibility,becauseifourcarhadn'tmoved,therewouldn'thavebeenacrash.“Thatsaid,ourtestdriverbelievedthebuswasgoingtosloworstoptoallowustomergeintothetraffic,andthattherewouldbesufficientspacetodothat.“The'sself-drivingcarshavedonewelloveramillionacrossvariousstatesintheUS,anduntilnowhaveonlyreportedminoraccidents.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustA)eworksatanationaleisaqueenbeeneremovedtheBeyondfromtheedrovethebeesawayfromhis【解析】由“TomMoseswhoworksatanearbynationalpark”AA)TheywerelookingaftertheTheyweremakingalotofTheywerelookingforanewboxtoliveTheyweredancinginaunique【解析】由“Theywereveryclosetogetherandtherewasalotofnoiseandmovements”可知，答案为B。Thousandsofbeesleftatownafterlandingonthebackofacarwhentheirqueengotstuckinitsboot.TomMoseswhoworksatanearbynationalpark,noticeda“brownpatch”onthebackofthecaraftertheownerparkedittodosomeshop.Whenhelookedcloserherealizeditwasahugegroupofbees.Mosessaid:“Ihaveneverseenthatmanybeesinonespot.Itwasveryunusual.Theywereveryclosetogetherandtherewasalotofnoiseandmovements,itwasinterestingtoseesuchastrangesight.ButtherewerealotofpeoplearoundandIwasabitworriedaboutthebeesandthepeoplestoptolook.Ithoughtthatsomeonemightdosomethingstupid.Mosescalledtwolocalbeesspecialistswhohelpedremovedthebeesbyattractingthemintoabox.Mosesspentthreehourslookingafterthebeesandwasstungfivetimes,hesaidmystingsareabitpainfulbutIampleasedthatallworkedoutandIcouldhelp,peopleneedtorealizethatbeesarevaluableandtheyshouldbelookedafter.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustA)ThediscoveryofanewspeciesofThesecondtriptoasmallremoteThefindingof2newspeciesofThelatesttestonarareanimal【解析】由“AnewspeciesofsnakehasbeendiscoveredonaremoteislandintheBahamas”可知，答案为A。A)ApoisonoussnakeattackedhimonhisfieldediscoveredararefogonadesertedAsnakecrawledontohisheadinhisefellfromatallpalmtreeby【解析】由“OneofthecreaturesmadeadramaticappearancebymovingontotheheadoftheteamleaderashesleptC。A)Fromitsgenes.B)FromitsC)Fromitsorigin.D)Fromits【解析】由“becauseitismetalliccoloredandthefirstspecimenfoundwasclimbingasilverpalm”可知，答案为D。AnewspeciesofsnakehasbeendiscoveredonaremoteislandintheBahamas.Scientistsidentified20oftheonemeter-longsnakesduringtwotripstotheCaribbeanislands.ThesecondtripwasmadeinOctoberlastyear.Oneofthecreaturesmadeadramaticappearancebymovingontotheheadoftheteamleaderasheslept.ThesnakehasbeennamedsilverBoabecauseitismetalliccoloredandthefirstspecimenfoundwasclimbingasilverpalmtree.TheteamwasledbyDr.GrahamReynolds,fromarvardUniversity,thescientistconfirmedthesnakewasapreviouslyunknownspeciesafterconductingageneticysisoftissuesamples.Commentingonthefind,snakeexpertRobertendersonfromtheMuseumofNaturalistory,said:“Worldwidenewspeciesofarebeingdiscoveredanddescribedquiteregularly.Newspeciesofsnakes,however,aremuchSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughtheQuestions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)Thesecuritychecktakesehastocheckalotofisflightisleavinginlessthan2Theairportisalongwayfromtheho【解析】由“Myflightleavesinlessthan2hours.So,couldyoulme,what'sthequickestwaytogetthere”可知，答案为C。A)InBycreditWithatraveler’sWithhissmart【解析】由“I'llpaywithmycreditcardBA)GivehimaConfirmhisLookafterhisFindaporterfor【解析】由“ButI'llneedareceipt,soIcanchargeittomy 知，答案为A。A)SigningupformembershipofSoStayinginthesamehonexttimeheLoadingherluggageontotheairportPostingacommentontheho’sw【解析】由“Wouldyouliketoleaveacommentonourwebpagewhenyouhavetime”可知，答案为D。W:Didyouenjoyyourstaywithus,Mr.M:Yes,verymuch.Ihadawonderfultimehere.NowI'mgoingtotheairport.Myflightleavesinlessthan2hours.So,couldyoulme,what'sthequickestwaytogetthere?W:Well,wecancallataxiforyou.WealsohaveaairportshuttleM:Thatsoundsgreat,butwilltheshuttlegetmetotheairportinW:Yes,itshould.Thenextshuttleleavesin15Andittakessome25minutestogettotheM:Fantastic!I'lljustwaitinthelobby.Willyoupleaseletmeknowwhenit'sleaving?W:Ofcourse,M:NowIwouldliketosettlemymini-barbill.owmuchisthat?W:Let'ssee.Itcomesto$37.50.owwouldyouliketopayforit?M:I'llpaywithmycreditcard.Thanks.ButI'llneedareceipt,soIcanchargeittomy.W:Absoluy!ereyouare,sir.Ifyoulike,Icanleaveyourbagswiththeporter.Andhecanloadthemontotheshuttleforyouwhenitarrives.M:Thatwouldbegreat.ThankW:WouldyouliketoleaveacommentonourwebpagewhenyouhaveM:Sure.Ihadareallygoodstayhere,andI'dliketo mendyourhotomyfriendsandcolleagues.W:That’sverykindofyou.ThankyouagainforstayingatSheratonQuestions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)eistheonlyboyinhis estearfulinehasstoppedmakingterribleeishisteacher’sfavorite【解析】由“Youknow,Ben’sgivenupmakingthoseterriblefacesheusedtomake.”可知，答案为C。A)lhimtoyinherDosomethingfunnytoamuseGivehimsomecherrystonestoyWarnhimofdangerbymakingupa【解析】由“IremembermyauntMaryusedtosayifyouswallowacherrystoneatreewouldgrowoutofyourmouth.AndI’mstillterrifiedtoday,sortofsubconsciously.”可知，答案为D。A)Theycouldbreakpp’sTheycouldsometimesterrifyTheycouldflyagainstastrongTheycouldknockpp【解析】由“Theonethatusedtogetmewasthatswanscouldbreakyourlegwhentheyblowofthewing.A。A)OnewouldgetaspotontheirtonguesiftheytoldalieOnewouldhavetoshavetheirheadtoremoveabatintheirOnewouldgotoprisoniftheyputastamponupsideOnewouldhavecurlyhairiftheyatetoomuchstale【解析】由“Shesaidhergrandmotherreckonedyouhadtoshaveyourheadtogetitout.Mywifewasreallyterrified.”可知，答案为B。M:Youknow,Ben’sgivenupmakingthoseterriblefacesheusedtomake.Theotherday,hecamehomefromschoolalmostintears.isteachersaidifhewentonlikethat,hisfacewouldgetstuckwhenthewindschanged.W:AndhebelievedM:Yeah,he’sonlyalittleboy.Don’tyourememberallthosethingsweusedtobelievewhenwewerelittle?IremembermyauntMaryusedtosayifyouswallowacherrystone,atreewouldgrowoutofyourmouth.AndI’mstillterrifiedtoday,sortofsubconsciously.Youknow,ifIswallowonebyW:Yeah,Isupposeyou'reright.Theonethatusedtogetmewasthatswanscouldbreakyourlegwhentheyblowofthewing.M:Theycan,can’tthey?IalwaysthoughttheyW:No,theyarenotthatstrong.Butthere’sanotheroneevenmoreterrifying.Thatis,ifyouputapoststamponupsidedown,youwillgotoM:No,neverheardofthat.Butmygrandmotherwasaterrorforthatkindofthing.Forexample,shewouldsay,youwillgetaspotonyourtongueifyoulalie.Ifyoueatstalebread,yourhairwillcurl.Andhere’sonemore.WewentonantriponceinItaly,andmywifespentthewholetimeworryingaboutbatsgettingintoherhair.Shesaidhergrandmotherreckonedyouhadtoshaveyourheadtogetitout.Mywifewasreallyterrified.W:Silly,isn’tit?Butthat’showsomeparentstrytokeeptheirkidsfromngthewrongthingorgettingintotrouble.SectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)EverythingseemedtobeMeetingPeoplewereexcitedtogotravelingTryingnew【解析】由“Iwasinmytwenties,andeverythingwasbeingrenewed”可知，答案为A。A)WatchingTVatewasabletomakealotofDrinkingewasamanfullofA)ewasinterestedinstylishewasayoungstudentinthePeoplewereformalandThingsfromtheVictorianeracameback【解析】由“ofcourseIwasastudentorsittingaroundathomeverymuch”可知，答案为C。IfIcouldgobackinhistoryandlivewhenIliked,Iwouldn'tgobackveryfar.Infact,I'dliketoreliveaperiodI'vealreadylived–theIwasinmytwenties,andeverythingwasbeingrenewed.landalmostVictorianattitude,andyoureallyfeltanythingwaspossible.Meetingpeoplewasthething,andyouwenttocoffeebarswhereyoumetfriendsandspenttheevening.Thecinema,thetheater,allthatwaseveryexcitingwithnewthingscomingout.Infact,weseemedtobeout,allthetime!Idon'treallyrememberworking–ofcourse,Iwasastudent–orsittingaroundathomeverymuch.Thatjustwasn'twherethescenewas,eveneating!Itwasthefirsttime,ordinarypeoplestartedgoingouttoeat.Wewerebeginningtobeadventurousaboutfood,butweweremoreinterestedinmeetingpeoplethanineatingordrinking.Anddress,yes,thatwastherevolution.Imean,girlswentaroundinreallyshortskirts,andworeflowersintheirhair.Andmenwereinns,andcouldweartheirhairlongtoo.Itwasawonderfulperiod.Itwaslikelivinginanageyoucouldneverhaveimagined,andthatneverhascomeback.Wedidn'thavemuchmoney,butitdidn'tmatter.Andtherewasplentyofopportunitytodowhateveryoufeltlikeng.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheyavoidlookingatItturnsawaytoavoidTheyshowangerontheirItfocusesitseyesontheir【解析】由“theylookaway.Newresearchshowsthatdogslimittheireyecontactwithangryhumans.可知，答案为A。A)ItturnstoitsownerforTheyrunawayimmediaItlooksawayandgetsangryTheymakethreatening【解析】由“Whendogslookedatexpressionsofangrydogs,theireyesrestedmoreonthemouthperhapstointerpretthethreateningexpressions.”可知，答案为D。A)ByobservingtheirfacialfeaturesByfocusingonaparticularbodyBytakingintheirfacialexpressionsasaByinterpretingdifferentemotionsindifferent【解析】由“Theresearchersalsonotethatdogsscanfacesasawholetosensehowpeoplearefeeling,insteadoffocusingonagivenfeature.Theysuggestthisindicatesthatdogsaren'tsensingemotionsfromasinglefeature,butpiecingtogetherinformationfromallfacialfeaturesjustashumansdo.知，答案为C。Dogs,man'sbestfriends,haveaclearstrategyfordealingwithangryowners—theylookaway.NewresearchshowsthatdogslimittheireyecontactwithangryThescientistssuggestthismaybeanattempttocalmhumansdown.Thisbehaviormayhaveevolvedasdogsgraduallylearnedtheycouldbenefitfromavoidingswithhumans.Toconductthetests,theUniversityofelsinkiresearcherstrained31dogstorestinfrontofascreen.Facialphotosofdogsandhumansdisyedonthescreenfor1.5seconds.Theyshowedthreatening,pleasantandneutralexpressions.Nearbycamerastrackedthedogs'eyemovements.Dogsinthestudylookedmostattheeyesofhumansandotherdogstosensetheiremotions.Whendogslookedatexpressionsofangrydogs,theireyesrestedmoreonthemouth,perhapstointerpretthethreateningexpressions.Andwhenlookingatangryhumans,theytendedtoturnawaytheirgaze.Dogsmayhavelearnedtodetectthreatsignshumansandrespondbytryingtomakepeace,accordingtoresearcherSanniSomppi.AvoidingsmayhavehelpeddogsdevelopbetterbondswithTheresearchersalsonotethatdogsscanfacesasawholetosensehowpeoplearefeeling,insteadoffocusingonagivenfeature.Theysuggestthisindicatesthatdogsaren'tsensingemotionsfromasinglefeature,butpiecingtogetherinformationfromallfacialfeaturesjustashumansdo.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheyhavetolookforfoodandshelterTheytakelittlenoticeofthechangesinTheyresorttodifferentmeanstosurvivethebitterTheyhavedifficultyadaptingtothechanged【解析】由“Therearethreemainwaysthatanimalssurvivethecoldinwinter:sleep,adaptormigrate.可知，答案为C。A)TheyhavetheirweightreducedtotheTheyconsumeenergystoredbeforethelongTheycanmaintaintheirheartbeatatthenormalTheycankeeptheirbodytemperaturewarmand【解析】由“Toprepareforthisbeforewinter,theseanimalseatextrafoodto efat,whichgivesthemtheenergytheyneedwhiletheysleep”可知，答案为B。A)BystayinginhidingcesandeatingveryByseekingfoodandshelterinpeople’sBygrowingthickerhairtostayBystoringenoughfood【解析】由“Sosomeanimals,suchasmice,collectextrafoodbeforewinter,andhideit.”可知，答案为D。A)Tostaysafe.B)TosaveTo .D)Toprotectthe【解析】由“SomebirdsflyingroupsforsafetyA。Winterinmanycesisverycold.Thereislotsofsnowaround,andthegroundzes,whichcanmakelifedifficultforanimals.Peopleincoldcesliveinwarmhousesandhavelearnedtoadapt.Whatdoanimalsdo?Therearethreemainwaysthatanimalssurvivethecoldinwinter:sleep,adaptorSomeanimals,suchasbears,andsnakes,sleepallwinter.Theysleepverydeeplyandneedlittleornofood.Whileslee,theirbodytemperaturedrops,andtheirheartbeatslowsdown.Toprepareforthiswinter,theseanimalseatextrafoodto efat,whichgivesthemtheenergytheyneedwhiletheysleep.Otheranimalsadapt.Forexample,bystayingactiveinwinter.Itisoftenhardforthemtofindfood.Sosomeanimals,suchasmice,collectextrafoodbeforewinter,andhideit.Whenwintercomes,theyreturntotheirhidingcestoeatthefood.Someanimalsgrowthickerfur,orliveintreeholesorundergroundtostaywarm.Somebirdsmigratebyflyingtoawarmerceforthewinter,wheretheycanfindmorefood.Someflyverylongdistances,includingonekindofbirdthatfliesfromtheremotenorthoftheworld,allthewaytothedistantsouth.Somebirdsflyingroupsforsafety,whileothersflyalone.PartIIIReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletterPleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.YoumaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanQuestions26to35arebasedonthefollowingAsifyouneededanotherreasontohatethegym,itnowturnsoutthatexercisecanexhaustnotonlyyourmuscles,butalsoyoureyes.Fearnot,however,forcoffeecanstimulatethemagain.During26exercise,ourmusclestireastheyrunoutoffuelandbuildupwasteproducts.Muscleperformancecanalsobeaffectedbya called“centralfatigue”,inwhichanimbalanceinthebody’schemicalmessengerspreventsthecentralnervoussystemfromdirectingmusclemovements .Itwasnotknown,however,whethercentralfatiguemightalsoaffectmotorsystemsnotdirectly theexerciseitself,suchasthosethatmovetheeyes.Tofindout,researchersgave11volunteercyclistsacarbohydrate(碳水化合物) eitherwithamoderatedoseofcaffeine(咖徘因),whichisknowntostimulatethecentralnervoussystem,orasacebo(安慰剂)without,during3hoursof Afterexercising,thescientiststestedthecyclistswitheye-trackingcamerastoseehowwelltheirbrainscouldstill32theirvisualsystem.Theteamfoundthatexercisereducedthespeedofrapideyemovementsbyabout8%, theirabilitytocapturenewvisualinformation.Thecaffeine,theequivalentoftwostrongcupsofcoffee,was toreversethiseffect,withsomecyclistsevendisying eyemovementspeeds.Soitmightbeagoodideatogetsomeoneelsetodriveyouhomeafterthatmarathon.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2cautiouslyB)commitC)controlD)cyclingE)F)increasedG)involved)limitedI)J)preventingK)sensitiveL)slowingM)N)sufficientO) 【解析】“aphenomenoncalled【解析】“involvein 【解析】could后面需要加动词原型。【解析】sufficientto【解析】“increasedeyemovementspeeds”意思为“增加眼球转速”。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetAtsomepoint,almostallofuswillexperienceaperiodofradicalprofessionalchange.Someofuswillseekitout:forothersitwillfeellike eintrusionintootherwisestablecareers.Eitherway,wehavechoicesabouthowwerespondtoitwhenitcomes.WerecentlycaughtupwithyogaentrepreneurLeahZaccaria,whoputherselfthroughthefireofchangetocompleyreinventherself.Inhersearchtolivealifeofpurpose,Leahleftherhigh-payingaccountingjob,herhusband,andherhome.Intheprocess,shebuiltaradicallynewlifeandcareer.Sincethen,shehasfoundedtwoyogastudios,metanewlifepartner,andformedanewcommunityofpeople.Evenifyour alreinventionislessdrastic,wethinktherearelessonsfromherexperiencethatapply.Wheredotheseedsofchangecomefrom?TheNativeAmericannshaveasaying:“Payattentiontothewhisperssoyouwon’thavetohearthescreams.”Oftenthebestideasforbigchangescomefromunexpectedces—it’sjustamatteroftuningin.Greatleadersrecognizetheweaksignalsorslightsignsthatpointtobigchangestocome.Leahreflectsonatimeshelistenedtothewhispers:“Aboutthetimemydaughterwasfiveyearsold.Istartedhavingasensethat‘thisisn’tright’.”Shethenrealizedthatherlifenolongermatchedhervisionforit.Upuntilthatpoint,Leahhadfollowedtraditionalmeasuresofsuccess.Aftergraduatingwithadegreeinbusinessandaccounting,shejoinedapublicaccountingfirm,married,boughtahouse,putlotsofstuffinit,andhadababy.“Ididwhateverybodyelsethoughtlookedsuccessful,shesays.Leaheasilycouldhavefallenintoatrapoffeelingcontent,instead,herenergysparkedaperiodofexperimentationandrenewal.Feelingtheneedtochange,Leahstartedyingwithfuturepossibilitiesbyexploringherinterestsanddevelonewcapabilities.Firsttryingphysicalexerciseanddieting.Shelostsomeweightanddiscoveredaninnerstrength.“IfeltpowerfulbecauseIbrokethroughmyownlimitations”,sherecalls.owever,itwasanotherinterestthatledLeahtoradicallyreinventherself.“Iremembersittingonabenchwithmyauntatayogastudio,”shesaid,“andhavingamomentofclarityrightthenandthere.Yogaissavingmylife.Yogaiswakingmeup.I,mnothappyandIwanttochangeandI,mdonewiththis.”InthatmomentofclarityLeahmadeanimportantleap,conqueringherinnertochangeandmakingafirmcommitmenttotakebiggerCreatingthefutureyouwantisaloteasierifyouarereadytoexploittheopportunitiesthatcomeyourway.WhenLeahmadethecommitmenttochange,sheprimedherselftonewopportunitiesshemayotherwisehaveoverlooked.Sherecalls:[]OnedayamanIworkedwith,Ryan,whohadhisofficenexttomine,said,“Leah,let’sgolookatthisspaceonQueenAnne.”eknewmyloveforyogaandhadseenaspaceclosetowherehelivedthathethoughtmightbegoodtoserveasayogastudio.AssoonasIsawthelocation,Iknewthiswasit.OfcourseIwasscared,yetIhadthisstrongsenseof“Ihavetodothis.”OnlyafewmonthslaterLeahopenedherfirstyogastudio,butsuccesswasnotCreatingthefuturetakestime.That’swhyleaderscontinuetomanagethepresentwhilebuildingtowardthebignonlinearchangesofthefuture.Whenit’stimetomaketheleap,theytakeactionanddecisivelydropwhat’snolongerservingtheirpurpose.InitiallyLeahstayedwithheraccountingjobwhilestartinguptheyogastudiotomakeitallwork.“Iwasworking60hoursaweekandrunningastudio,soIwasn’tgettingverymuchsleep,butitwasgoodforme,”shesays.Soonafter,sheknewshehadtomakeaboldmovetofullycommittohernewfuture.Withintwoyears,Leahshedthesafetyofheraccountingjobandmadetheswitchcomplete.Suchdrasticchangeisnoteasy.“Beyourself”,Leahsays.“Quitbeingthe peoplethinkyou’resupposedtobe.Findawaytodigdeepintoyourcourageousselftobewhoyouare.Whateverthatmeansasfarasexploringyouremotions,youridentity,yourprofession,findoneversionofyouthatyouarealwaysandeverywhere.”ItwasthissenseofpurposethatwouldcarryLeahthroughthestormsofSteeringthroughchangeandfacingobstaclesbringsusfacetofacewithourfears.Leahreflectsononethattriggeredherfears,whenherinvestorsthreatenedtoshutherdown:“IwasprobablyupagainstthemostfearI’veeverhad,”shesays.“Ihadspenttwoyearscultivatingthiscommunity,andithad esuccessfulveryfast,butwithinsixmonthsIwasfacingtheprospectoflosingitall.”Sheconnectedwithhersenseofpurposeanddugdeep,cultivatingatremendoussenseofstrength.“IwasfeelingsointentionalandstrongthatIwasn’tgoingtoletfearjusttakeover.Iwasthinking,‘OK,guys,ifyouwanttotrytoshutmedown,shutmedown.’AndIknewitwasanegotiationscheme,soIwasabletosaytomyself,‘Thisisnotreal.’”BynamingherReadinesstotakeadvantageofnewopportunitieswillmakeittocreateone’sdesired【解析】根据题中的takeadvantageofnewopportunities和one’sdesiredfutureGByconventionalstandards,Leahwasatypicalsuccessfulwomanbeforeshechangedhercareer.【解析】根据题中的conventionalstandards和atypicalsuccessfulwoman可定位至D段。Leahgainedconfidencebylayingoutherfearsandconfrontingthem【解析】根据题中的layingoutherfears和confrontingthemdirectly可定位至L段。Insearchofameaningfullife,Leahgaveupwhatshehadandsetupherownyogastudios.【解析】根据题中的gaveupwhatshehad和setupherownyogastudios可定位至B段。Leah’sinterestinyogapromotedhertomakeafirmdecisiontoreshapeherlife.【解析】根据题中的interest、makeafirmdecision和reshapeherlife可定位至F段。Smallsignsmayindicategreatchangestocomeandthereforemerit【解析】根据题中的Smallsigns和indicategreatchanges可定位至Leah’sfirstyogastudiowasbynomeansanimmediate【解析】根据题中的firstyogastudio和bynomeansanimmediatesuccess可定位至 Somepeopleregardprofessionalchangeasanunpleasantexperiencethatdisturbstheircareer.【解析】根据题中的professionalchange和anunpleasantATheworstfearthatLeaheverhadwastheprospectoflosingheryoga【解析】根据题中的worstfear和losingheryogabusiness可定位至Assheexplorednewinterestsanddevelopednewpotentials,Leahfeltpowerfulinternally.【解析】根据题中的explorednewinterestsanddevelopednewpotentialspowerfulinternally可定位至E段。SectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthePassageQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingShoppersintheUKarespendinglessmoneyontoiletpapertosavemoney,researchhasshown.Penny-pinchingUKconsumerschoosecheaperproductsfromdiscounterssuchasAldiandLidlratherthanluxuryalternatives.Thishaswiped6%offthevalueofthesofttissuepapermarketintheUK.Ithasshrunkfrom£1.19billionin2011to£1.12billionin2015,accordingtoanewreportfrommarketresearch Min.Furthermore,thefutureofthemarketlooksfarfromrosy,withsalesexpectedtofallfurtherto£1.11billionin2016.Inthelastyearalone,despiteanincreaseintheUKpopulationandasubsequentriseinthenumberofhouseholds,salesoftoiletpaperfellby2%,withtheaveragehouseholdreducingtheirtoiletrollspendingfrom£43in2014to£41in2015.Overall,almostthreeinfivepeoplesaytheytrytolimittheirusageofpaperincludingfacialtissueandkitchenroll—tosavemoney.“Strength,softnessandthicknessremaintheleadingindicatorsoftoiletpaperquality,withjustasmallproportionofconsumerspreferringmoreluxuriousalternatives,suchasthosewithflowerpatternsorperfume,saidMinystJackDuckett.“Theseextrafeaturesaredeemedunnecessarybymajorityofshoppers,whichprobablyreflectshowthesetypesofproductstypicallymoreexpensivethanregulartoiletpaper,evenwhenonWhileconsumersarespendinglessontoiletpaper,theyremainfussyintheoryatleastwhenitcomestopaperquality.TopofBritons,toiletpaperwishlistissoftness(57%)followedbystrength(45%)andthickness(36%).Onein10buyersranktoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamongtheirtopconsiderations,highlightinghowoveralltheenvironmentismuchlessofaconsiderationforshoppersthanproductquality.Inachallengeformanufacturers,81%ofpaperproductuserssaidtheywouldconsiderbuyingrecycledtoilettissueifitwerecomparableinqualitytostandardpaper.Themarketsalesoftoiletpaperhavedecreased BritonshavecuttheirspendingonitspriceshavegoneupovertheitsqualityhasseenmarkedBritonshavedevelopedthehabitof【解析】由“ShoppersintheUKarespendinglessmoneyontoiletpapertosavemoney,researchhasshown.”可知，答案为A。WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofthetissuepapermarketintheUK?ItwillexpandinItwillremainItwillexperienceupsandItwillrecoveraspopulation【解析】由“Furthermore,thefutureofthemarketlooksfarfromrosy,withsalesexpectedtofallfurtherto£1.11billionin2016.”可知，答案为WhatdoesJackDuckettsayabouttoiletSpecialofferswouldpromoteitssales.B)Consumersareloyaltocertainbrands.C)Luxuriousfeaturesaddmuchtotheprice.D)Consumershaveavarietytochoosefrom.【解析】由“withjustasmallproportionofconsumerspreferringmoreluxuriousalternativessuchasthosewithflowerpatternsorperfume,saidMinystJackDuckett”可知，答案为C。WhatdowelearnaboutBritonsconcerningtoiletTheyareparticularaboutthequalityoftoiletTheyemphasizethestrengthoftoiletpapertheTheyprefercheaptoiletpapertorecycledtoiletTheyrejectusingtoiletpaperwithunnecessary【解析】由“Whileconsumersarespendinglessontoiletpaper,theyremainfussyintheoryatleastwhenitcomestopaperqualityA。WhatcanweinferfromthelastMoreandmoreBritonsbuyrecycledtoiletpapertoprotecttheToiletpapermanufacturersarefacingagreatchallengeinpromotingitsToiletpapermanufacturerscompetewithoneanothertoimproveproductEnvironmentalprotectionisnotmuchofaconcernwhenBritonsbuytoiletpaper.【解析】由“Onein10buyersranktoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamongtheirtopconsiderations,highlightinghowoveralltheenvironmentismuchlessofaconsiderationforshoppersthanproductqualityPassageQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowing“OneofthereasonsIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecausemymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger,”saysLindson-awley,whostudiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.Bystudyingabout700adultsmokers,shefoundoutthathermomquittherightway—bystopabruptlyandcomple Inherstudy,participantswererandomly)assignedtotwoOnehadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromab