必修三-unit5-同位语从句

同位语从句Grammar

名词性从句nounclause主语从句subjectclause

宾语从句objectclause

表语从句predicativeclause

同位语从句appositiveclause1.Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.2.Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.

3.HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.4.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.5.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.6.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.主从宾从表从同位语从句宾从主从1._______surprisedmemostwas________suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That...whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which2.Tomisverylazy.Thatis____hedidn’tpasstheexam.A.whetherB.whyC.thatD.what3.Idon’tknow__________therewillbeabus.A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.which4.ThereasonwhyIwassadwas_____hedidn’tunderstandme.A.howB.whatC.thatD.which1.Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.

2.YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother’s.

Whatdoestheunderlinedpartserveasineachsentence?

同位语同位语从句1.概念:

在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:

同位语从句对名词进一步解释，是名词的具体内容。3.引导词：常用that引导或用连接词who/which/what/when/where/why/how/whether4.其后常用同位语从句的名词可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是抽象名词，通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息）,possibility等。如：

1)I’vecomefromMr.Wangwithamessage

thathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．

我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。注:1.同位语从句多用that引导;2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhen

he

did

it.Ihavenoideawhat

he

did.2)Theidea

thatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoices

surprisesmanypeople.3)Theproblem

whetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperiment

hasbeensolved.观察下列句子，找出同位语从句：TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcomeovertovisitChinaagain.Ihavenoideahowtheywereabletogetitdoneinsoshortatime.Haveyouanyideawhatheisdoingnow?Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.①如果同位语从句意义完整,则用that引导。that不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。如：Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.

将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。(thesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce是theorder的全部内容,且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句)翻译：1.Thenews______________________________________________________(她通过了高考)isexciting.2.Mikemadeapromise__________________________________(他将帮助我学习英语)thatshehaspassedthenationalcollegeentranceexaminationthathewouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.②如果同位语从句意思不完整，需增加“是否”的含义,则应该用whether引导。如：We’lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。注意:if不能引导同位语从句。翻译：我们是否继续做实验的问题已经解决了。1.Theproblem_____________________________hasbeensolved.2我们是否需要更多的时间来做这项工作还没讨论.Thequestion__________________________

______________hasnotbeendiscussed.whetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimentwhetherweneedmoretimetodothework③如果同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义,应该用when,where,how等词引导。如：IhavenoideawhenChaplin’sfilmwillbeon.我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。Ihavenoimpression

howhewenthome,perhapsbybike.我记不清他是怎样回家的,或许是骑自行车回去的。

翻译：1.我们还没有解决我们要去哪里度过暑假的问题.

We

haven’t

settled

the

question

_________________________________________________________.2.我不知道我们什么时候去那里。Ihavenoidea________________________.where

we

are

going

to

spend

our

summer

vacation.

whenwewillgothere.④当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。如：Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。Wordcamethathehadlefthiswife.他离开妻子的消息传来。demand，suggestion,proposal等同位语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即:(should)+动词原形eg.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayed

willbediscussedtomorrow.推迟那项计划的建议将在明天讨论。5.虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法6.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句定语从句that只是起连接作用，不充当成分that起连接作用，充当主语或宾语对前面名词进行补充说明，是名词的具体内容对前面名词进行修饰或限定that不能省that作宾语时可省比较下列哪个是定语从句，哪个是同位语从句：

Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。

(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语)Ihaveheardthenewsthathevisitedfactory.Ihaveheardthenewsthathetoldyoutheotherday.同位语从句定语从句判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1.TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.2.

ThehopethatsheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.

3.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.4.Ican’tstandtheterriblenoisethatsheiscryingloudly.同位语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句

【实践见真知】一.用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空1.Thenews_______hecan'tcometohelpusworriesusalot.2.Ihavenoidea_______hewillreturn.3.Ihavenoinformation_______hewentcampinglastSunday.4.Heexpressedtheopinion_____Tomshouldbemademanagerofthefactory.thatthatwhenwhere5.There'snodoubt_______hewaskilledintheaccident.6.There'sgreatdoubt_______hedidsoornot.7.Hetoldmethenews_______hishousehadjustburneddown.8.Wordcame_______thePresidentoftheUSAwouldinspectthearmy.thatwhetherthatthat二.将两个单句改写为含有同位语从句的复合句.1.Thenewsexcitedus.Ourteamwonthegame_______________________________________2.Thefactisclear.Womencanworkaswellasmen.____________________________________Thenewsthatourteamwonthegameexcitedus.Thefactthatwomencanworkaswellasmenisclear. 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Ihavenoidea________thejournalist couldhavegothisinformationfrom. (上海2011春)A.that B.why C.when D.where高考链接2.Thereisclearevidence_____themost difficultfeelingofalltointerpretis bodilypain. (上海2011)A.what B.if C.how D.that3.Whenthenewscame_____thewar brokeout,hedecidedtoserveinthe army. (辽宁2011)A.since B.which C.that D.because4.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists _____theearthisbecomingwarmer andwarmertheseyears. (江西2009)A.what B.which C.thatD.though5.Newscamefromtheschooloffice _____WangLinhadbeenadmittedto BeijingUniversity. (四川2009)A.which B.what C.that D.where6.—Isthereanypossibility_____you couldpickmeupattheairport?—Noproblem. (浙江2009)A.when B.that C.whether D.what7.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Have yougotanyidea_____thepartyis tobeheld? (陕西2008)A.what B.which C.that D.whereI.用适当的关联词填空。1.Theidea_____manshouldlivein harmonywithnaturehaswidelybeen accepted.2.Thethought_____Lilywillvisitthe GreatWallandtheSummerPalace thissummerisexciting.巩固练习thatthat3.Ourteacherdidn’tbelievetheboy’s reasonforbeingabsentfromtheclass was_____hehadtoseehisuncleoffat theairport.4.Myfathermadeapromise_____he wouldbuyanewbicycleformeifI studyhard.5.Isthereanypossibility_____we’llsee youthisweekend?thatthatthat6.LiHua’ssuccessliesinthefact_____ sheiseagertolearnfromothersand isreadytohelpothers.7.Thequestion________hewilltake partintheactivityornothasnot beendecidedyet.8.Ihavenoidea________hecanpass thedifficultexamornot.thatwhetherwhether9.Wordcame_____anewteaching buildingwouldbebuiltinourschool nextyear.10.Wheredidyougettheidea_____ hewouldcometoourofficetowork withus?thatthatII.根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。1.Wereceived______________________ __________(他将缺席的信息).2._______________(……的想法)theycan gotoseeafilmthisweekendisexciting.3.Hewasgladto________________(得到 这个消息)hegotfirstprizeinthe Englishcontest.amessagethathewouldThethoughtthatbeabsentgetthenewsthat4.Ireally_________________(不知道 何时)theywillpaybackthemoney thattheyborrowedfromme.5.Thereissomedoubt______________ ____________(他是否会准时到达)。havenoideawhenwhetherhewillarriveontime同位语从句翻译练习:

1.

他们应该尝试第二次的想法值得考虑。

2.

她工作很努力的事实我们都知道。

3.

他们表达了他们将会再次来拜访中国的希望。

4.

我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人兴奋。

5.

学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。

6.

爸爸许下了我通过英语考试就给我买CD

player的承诺。

7.

你是从那里得到我不会来的想法？8.

我们还没有解决我们要去哪里度过暑假的问题。同位语从句翻译练习:

1.

他们应该尝试第二次的想法值得考虑。

The

idea

that

they

should

try

a

second

time

is

worth

considering.2.

她工作很努力的事实我们都知道。

The

fact

that

she

works

hard

is

well

known

to

us

all.

3.

他们表达了他们将会再次来拜访中国的希望。

They

expressed

the

hope

that

they

would

come

to

visit

China

again.4.

我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人兴奋。

The

news

that

our

team

has

won

the

final

match

is

exciting.5.

学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。

The

suggestion

that

students

should

learn

something

practical

is

worth

considering.

6.

爸爸许下了我通过英语考试就给我买CD

player的承诺。

Myfather

made

a

promise

that

he

would

buy

me

CD

player

if

I

passed

the

English

test.7.

你是从那里得到我不会来的想法？Where

did

you

get

the

idea

that

I

could

not

come?8.

我们还没有解决我们要去哪里度过暑假的问题。We

haven’t

settled

the

question

where

we

are

going

to

spend

our

summer

vacation.

同位语从句：

1.

The

idea

that

they

should

try

a

second

time

is

worth

considering.

2.

The

fact

that

she

works

hard

is

well

known

to

us

all.

3.

They

expressed

the

hope

that

they

would

come

to

visit

China

again.

4.

The

news

that

our

team

has

won

the

final

match

is

exciting.

5.

The

suggestion

that

students