基础财会英语43讲全讲义ckyy

找出句子或关键成分根据相关找到原文，印证自己对题目要求的分析判断或根据题目背景资料进一步CASE2011SupposeyouarethemanagementofFuxingSecurities（福星），writeamemorandumtotheBritishindependentdirectortoexpoundthemotivesoftheacquisitionofGanglongSecurities（港隆）soastodispelthedoubtsbroughtupbyhim.（本小题14分，须用2012AMr.ColinhasaskedSkyConsulting（蓝天咨询）toprepareashortsummaryofkeyissuesidentifiedfromtheduediligenceonNanFengOptical（南风眼镜）inEnglish.Hehasrequestedthatthesummaryshouldincludebrieffinding,implicationandmendationforeachissue.OnbehalfofSkyConsulting,pleasepreparethesummaryaccordingtoMr.Colin'srequest.（7.5）2013AAssumeyouwereJack,DirectorofInternationalInvestment.Brieflyexintherankingprincipleforcapitalallocationwhenthecapitalislimited,andcalculatethepresentvalueindexforProjectA,ProjectB,andProjectC.Withatotalinvestmentof1billionHongKongdollars（HKD1000000000），determinetheavailablecombinationsofprojectinvestmentoptions.Lastly,suggesttothemanagementthebestinvestmentdecisionandprovideareasontosupportyourdecision.（4）Dear,sirAndIhavetosayitisabeneficialacquisitionforandevengobankrupt.SoitisanappropriatetimetoacquireoverseassecuritieswithanadvantageousSecond,byacquiringtheHongKong,wecandeveloptheHongKongmarketandthentheEuropeanandAmericanmarket.Thereisnodoubtthatwewillincreaseourmarketshareandenhanceourinternationalcompetitiveness.Third,wecangaintheadvancedandmatureelectronictradingsystemandmakeourtransactionsefficientandeffectivesoastoprovidemoresatisfyingserviceswithour,thebrokeragebusinesswhichfluctuateswiththeexternalenvironmentismainsourceofourprofit,andwiththefiercecompetitionofthebusiness,thereisatocombatthedownwardtrendinthecommissions.Overall,IstronglymendthatourshouldacquireFuxingSecuritiesbecauseitisarealbargainfromdifferentpointsofview.BestRegardsYoursSincerely1.2（1）1.2（1）观点明确，围绕句展开2012A6ThefollowingkeyissuesareidentifiedduringtheduediligenceonNanFengFinding:Astoreswereprofitable,Bstoreswerelossmaking;HalfofBstoreswereinoperationfor＜3years.Managementattributedthelossestothenewstores,whosesaleshavenotyetrampedup.Implication:historicalprofitabilityadverselyaffectedbyBmendation:Suggesttofurtherinvestigatethemarketpotentialoutsidecentralarea,soasto（ⅰ）assesswhetherthemarketforBstoresarereallypromising,（ⅱ）tailorrelevantsalesandmarketingstrategyforstorestoimprovetheirperformance,andidentifystoresthatshouldbe2013A7Undertherankingprincipleforcapitalallocationwhenthecapitalislimited,thelimitedcapitalshouldbeallocatedtotheprojectthathasahigherpresentvalueindex.·PresentvalueindexforProjectA（9 +12977+9934）/50000=52662/50000=·PresentvalueindexforProjectB（12 +11 ）/50000=53329/50000=1.·PresentvalueindexforProjectC（8 ）/50000=53039/50000（3）Therearethreeinvestmentportfoliosavailable，namelyProjectAandB,ProjectAandC,andProjectBandC.·ThebestinvestmentdecisionistochooseportfolioofProjectBand·Reason：TherankingofpresentvalueindexfromhightolowisProjectB，ProjectC,andProjectA.Therefore,thecombinationofProjectBandCshouldbeselected.常用句型（配合（用于开头IAsfarasIamInmyI’moftheopinionI（用于中间段落词Besides,inaddition（加之，除……之外）moreover（而且，此外）whatismore（而且，此外）,what’sworse（更糟的是）等But,however,yet,instead,onthecontrary,although,differentfrom,despite,inspiteof,whereas,unlike,nevertheless,notonly…butalso,here…there,yearsago…today,this…that,theformer…thelatter,then…now,thefirst…whereasthesecond,oncenow,ononehandontheotherhand,some…othersbecause,becauseof,sinceas,for,nowthat,thanksto,dueto（由于）,forreason,owingto,asfaras,consideringthat,seeingthatso,thus,therefore,asaresult,sothat,then,hereby,hence,so…that,suchthat,accordingly（在那以后）,last,finally,eventually（终于）Inotherwords,thatistosay,toputitanotherway词Forinstance,forexample,takeasanexample,namely,suchas,like,inotherwords,thatistosay,thatis等Infact,actually,asamatteroffact,tolyouthetruthForthisreason,forthispurpose,sothat,inorderto,soastospeaking,tosumup,finally,inconclusion,toconclude,atlastinsummary,thewhole（用于结尾AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththelatteropiniontosomeextent.Ithinkthat……（喜欢But,…and…havetheirownadvantages.Forexample,…,while….Comparingthiswiththat,however,Ipreferto…至于我（对我来说,就我而言）,我认为……更合理。,我们才能……Formypart,Ithinkitreasonableto….Onlyinthiswaycanyou…Inmyopinion,IthinkitnecessarytoThereasonsareasfollows:First,…;LastbutnotItisdifficulttosaywhether…isgoodornot.Ingeneralasitdependsverymuchonthesituationof….However,froma alpointview,Ifind…Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablyarriveattheconclusionTherearealotofsimilaritiesbetweenXandY;XislikeYin…;XhasnothingincommonwithY;ComparedwithX,Y…;WecancompareXtoOnthecontrary/ontheotherhand,…;Incontrast…;Incomparisonwith….Xmaybeclassified/dividedintoaccordingto…/onthebasisof…;Theclassificationisbasedon…;XmaybeputX Before/untilsomethinghasbeendone,…;While/Assomethingisdone,…;Duringthistime/process,…;Theprocessbeginswith….Increase/decreasebyXItincreased（rose,jumped,shotup）toX;Itdecreased（dropped,fell）toX;Thefigure（percentage,number,population,amount）hasalmostdoubledasagainstthatoflastyear.Thefirstthingtobeconsideredis…;Ibelievethat…;ItisafactThisisunlikelytobetrue;Theseviewsareopentodoubt;TheywouldseemtobeItisgenerally/widelyargued（held/believed）Ontheotherhand…;Asidefrom…;Thereisalimitto…;Noonecanclaimthat…;Thesameistrueof…;Noonecandenythat…;Thereisnodoubtabout2012A12injudgingwhetherGongXinAccountingFirm（公信）canprovidetheadvisoryservicetonatureoftheadvisoryservicerequired.（8）DearMr.Thanksforlettingmeknowthattheformerdeputyfinancemanager,Su,ofNanFengOpticalhasrecentlyjoinedourfirm.IamafraidthatSucan'tjointheengagementteam;anauditteammemberwasrecentlyadirector,seniorofficer,oremployeeincertainspecialpositionsoftheaudit,maycreateself-interest,self-review,orfamiliaritythreats.Examplesofspecialpositionsmentionedaboveincludeanemployeeinthefinancedepartmentoftheauditwhopreparedcertainaccountingrecords,onwhichthefirmwillauditandexpressopinion.duringtheperiodcoveredbytheauditengagement,thethreattoindependenceisconsidersoseriousthatnosafeguardscouldpossiblyreducethethreattoanacceptablelevel.Sotheonlysolutionistoremovehim/herfromtheengagementteam.Therefore,IamafraidSucannotbeamemberoftheauditengagementteamofNanFengOptical.Regardingtheadvisoryserviceyoumentionedinyour,firstofall,thankyouverymuchforconsideringGongXinCPA.Ineedtoknowmoredetailsofthenatureoftheareallowedtoprovidesuchadvisoryservice.TheCICPAethicalguidelineshaveprovidedgeneralprinciplestoassesswhethertheprovisionofnon-assuranceservicesmightcreateself-reviewthreatagainstourauditindependence.Ingeneral,weshouldmakesurenottotakeanymanagementroles,suchasthedesignandimplementationofinternalcontrols.Usually,providingprofessionaladvicesandcommentsisnotregardedasmanagementrole.Toavoidtakingmanagementrole,weneedtoensurethat’smanagementteammakesdecisions,evaluatesserviceresults,andtakeresponsibilityforactionstakenfollowingtheserviceresults.toclarifywithyouonthefollowingquestions,inordertohelpmeunderstandthenatureoftheservicerequired.（l）Isthemanagementysissystemacriticalpartofthefinancialreportingandinternalcontrol?Doestheinformationgeneratedfromthemanagementysissystemhasmaterialimpactontheaccountingrecordsorfinancialstatementstobeaudited?Iftheanswertoeitherofthequestionsisyes,thenwearenot（asNanFengOpticalisasubsidiaryofapublic）.（2）Whatisthenatureofthespecificadvisoryservicethatyouexpectustoprovide?Itisgenerallyfineforusorotherserviceproviders.BestYours2014B8thequestionsraisedbytheCFO（DOnotneedtoconsidertheimpactofrelatedtaxanddeferredtaxation）.（10）资料（五该长期股权投资采用权益法核算。S20×31140020×3S5010600InA'sseparatefinancialstatementsasatJanuary1,20x4,thecostoftheinvestmenttoSis:100＋50×20%＋10×20%＋300＝412TheamountofgoodwillforSrecognizedbyAinitsconsolidatedfinancialstatementsasatJanuary1,20x4is:150＋300－600×60%＝90Theamountofinvestment statementsasatJanuary1,20x4is:150－（100＋50×20%＋10×20%）＋10×20%＝402.A20×211T100UA70公司的长期股权投资采用成本法核算。A公司于20×4年1月1日了T公司持有的U公司30%股权，价款为100万元。截至20×3年12月针对20×4年1月1日U公司30%股权的财务总监希望对A公司在编制其20×411UU30%可辨Thedifferenceis（100－200×30%InA'sconsolidatedfinancialstatementsasatJanuary1,20x4，thedifferenceshallbeadjustedinthecapitalreserve（sharepremium）.Ifthebalanceofcapitalreserve（sharepremium）islessthanthedifference,thedeficitshallbeadjustedintheretainedearnings.20×4年1月1日起在V公司连续服务满2年就可以以每股10元的价格10000股A公司OnJanuary1,20x4,AandVneednotmakeanyaccountingtreatment.OnDecember31,20x4,A'saccountingtreatmentis:Dr:long-termequityinvestment-VCr:capitalreserve-othercapitalreserveOnDecember31,20x4,V'saccountingtreatmentis:Dr:Generalandadministrativeexpenses100000Cr:capitalreserve-othercapitalreserve1000002014A8theamountofthetotaletaxpayableofFin.Identifythedifferencebetweentherecalculationresultandtheamountofetaxpayable（实际应纳所得税额）intheEnterpriseeTaxReturn,andproposetheauditadjustments（5①Basedontaxlaw,the etaxpayableforbothdomesticandforeign is（ DeductionquotaofX、DeductionquotaofX＝325000×（200000/（ DeductionquotaofY TheetaxpaidincountryX60000isoverthedeductionquotaofcountryX50000.Theexceedingamount10000cannotbedeductedfromthecurrentyearetaxof etaxpaidincountryY20000islessthanthedeductionquotaofcountryY25000.Soitcanbefullydeductedfromthecurrentyear etaxofF.The etaxpayablein②Thetotal etaxpayableintheEnterprise ThedifferencebetweentinerecalculationresultandtheamountintheEnterprise TaxReturnis5000.Anauditadjustmentisproposedasbelow: etaxexpenses5000Cr:Taxpayable50002013A1111.BrieflydescribethefiveelementsofaneffectiveenterpriseinternalcontrolinaccordancewiththeBasicStandardforEnterpriseInternalControlBasedontheinformationprovidedinMaterials4（资料（四））inrelationtoactivities.（4.5）thefiveelementsofinternalcontrolare：①Internalenvironment：Internalenvironmentlaysthefoundationfortheapplicationofinternalcontrol.Thistypicallyincludesthefollowingaspects：thecorporateernanceframework；organizationstructureandallocationofandresponsibilities；internalaudit；humanresources;corporatecultureetc.ofrisksthataffecteitherbusinessactivitiesorthe plishmentofestablishedinternalcontrolobjectivestogetherwiththeformulationofreasonableresponsestoidentifiedrisks.③Controlactivities：Controlactivitiesarethestepstakenbyanenterpriseinrisktolerancelevel.④Informationandcommunication：Informationandcommunicationreferstothetimelytheeffectivecommunicationofsuchinformationwithinandoutsidetheentity.⑤Internalmonitoring：Internalmonitoringrelatestoanenterprise’smonitoringoftheinternalcontrolithasdesignedandputintooperation,theassessmentoftheenterprise’sinternalcontroleffectivenessindesignandoperation，andthemitigationtakenbytheenterprisetorectifyanyidentifiedcontrolweaknessesinatimelycouldleadtooverlyhighfinancingcostsordebtcrisis.lossofdevelopmentopportunities.Thiscouldleadtocashflowproblemsorinefficientuseoffunds.·Unreasonablecapitalprocurementandinappropriateoperationmayleadtofinancialdistressorcapitalredundancy.embezzled,withdrawnorsubjecttofraud.2013B66.BasedontheinformationprovidedinTable51（1）advisethemostappropriatestrategyfortheGeneralMachinerybusinessacquiredfromHGroup：costleadershiphascostadvantageintheGeneralMachinerybusiness.（3）DescribethetypeofinformationnfortheGeneralMachinerybusinessacquiredfromHGroup.（5business.Becausethecustomersinthissectorarepricesensitive；Theproductsarestandardandhardtodifferentiatefromonetotheother；Thecustomersarelesslikelytohavebrandloyalty.componentsinandonlyngthefinalassemblinginEurope.DetailedcostbreakdownoftheGeneralMachinerybusinessshouldbeobtained，inparticulardetailsoflaborcostsandotheroperationalcosts，sothatLGroupcanknowwhatexactlyarethehighcostitems.Anestimationofthetransportationcostsshouldalsobeobtained,sothatLGroupcancomparethedecreaseofproductioncostagainsttheincreaseoftransportationcostinthecaseofmovingthemanufacturingto.2013A6AssumeyouweretheProjectdirectorofVictoriaSecurities.Determinetheumamountofbondsoffering（最高金额）inHongKong（alsoconsiderthecapitalneedofZhenHuafromthebondsofferingin）.Besides，mendtothemanagementofZhenHuawhetheritshouldissuelong-termbondsorshort-termbondsinHongKong,andprovideareasontosupportyourmendation.（3.75）·Accordingtothelawsandregulations,theumofbondsofferingbyZhenHuais8billion×40%-0=3.2billion（i.e.3200000000）.·Considerthecapitalneedfromsuchbondsofferingin,theumamountofbondsofferinginHongKongis3.2billion-1billion=2.2billion（i.e.200000·Itissuggestedtoissuelong-term·Reason：The’scurrentliabilitiesratiois190/200=95%.Theratioissoperations.2013A7AssumeyouwereJack,DirectorofInternationalInvestment.Brieflyexintherankingprincipleforcapitalallocationwhenthecapitalislimited,andcalculatethepresentvalueindexforProjectA,ProjectB,andProjectC.Withatotalinvestmentof1billionHongKongdollars（HKD1000000000），determinetheavailablecombinationsofprojectinvestmentoptions.Lastly,suggesttothemanagementthebestinvestmentdecisionandprovideareasontosupportyourdecision.（4）（1）Undertherankingprincipleforcapitalallocationwhenthecapitalislimited,indexforA（9+129779934）/50000=52662/50000=indexforB（12+11）/50000=53329/50000=1.indexforC（8）/50000=53039/50000（3）Therearethreeinvestmentportfoliosavailable，namelyProjectAandB,ProjectAandC,andProjectBandC.·ThebestinvestmentdecisionistochooseportfolioofProjectBand·Reason：TherankingofpresentvalueindexfromhightolowisProjectB，ProjectC,andProjectA.Therefore,thecombinationofProjectBandCshouldbeselected.2012A11storewaslocated）toanotherforRmb22million.Theexistingleasecontractbetweenwiththerelevantlawsin.Therefore,hewroteantoSkyConsultingtoconsultbuildingbythelandlord;（ii）whetherHuaGuangOpticalshouldofferthelandlordofSkyConsulting,pleasewriteantoreplytoMr.Colin.（2.5分）leasecontract.Sotheexistingcontractwillcontinuetobevalidbeforeitexpiresbytheendof2013.doesnothavetoofferahigherprice.lettingthemknow.Thelandlordshouldgivethelesseeareasonablenoticeperiodbeforelesseecanasklandlordforindemnificationofanylossescaused.1：财务总监的工作。因此，恒远会计师将其一位能够胜任此项工作的高级审计经理推荐的16%，这主要是因为恒远会计师除了提供审计服务外，还提供了税务服务及高级经理人员（财务总监）工作的暂时服务向公司催要仍未结清的去年的审计费用，大约是全部审计费用的20%。Firms’auditofGuiRongCo.andalsoexinhowtoavoidsuchthreats.2.DescribesthestepsanauditfirmshouldperformpriortoacceptinganewauditEthicalManagingdiscountof10%onpurchasingluxuryphones.Theauditfirmshouldwhetherthediscountistobeofferedtostaffthisyear.Thisisafamiliaritythreat.Itwouldneedtobeconfirmedifthisdiscountistobeofferedtothisyear’steamaswell,asonlygoodsofaninsignificantvalueareallowedtobebutastheseareluxuryphonesthenthismaystillasignificantIfitisthenthediscountshouldbereviewedforsignificance.Ifitisdeemedtobeofsignificantvaluethentheofferofdiscountshouldbedeclined.ManagingManagingEthical（2）AnauditseniorofHengYuanhasbeenonsecondmentasthefinancialcontrollerofGuiRongandiscurrentlypartoftheauditThefirmshouldclarifyexactlywhatareasthetothefinancialstatements,thenhemaybetoremainintheaudityear-endfinancialstatementsandhethenauditsthesesameHowever,itislikelythathehasworkedonsomerelatedschedulesandthereforeheshouldberemovedfromtheauditteamtoensurethatindependenceisnotEthicalManaging（3）ThetotalfeeefromGuiRongis16%ofthetotalfeesfortheauditfirm.Ifthefeesforauditandrecurringworkexceed15%thenthereisaself-Thefirmshouldassessiftherecurringfeeswillstillbemetifthetaxandauditworkisthatareassumedtoberecurring,howeverthesecondmentfeeswouldnotrecureachexternalqualitycontrolreviews.ItmayalsoenecessarytoconsiderresigningfromeithertheortheauditEthicalManaging（4）Thepartnerandthefinancedirectorknoweachotherbetweentheandmembersoftheauditteamcanafamiliarityorself-interestThealrelationshipshouldbereviewedinlinewithHengYuansethicalpolicies.CodeofEthicsandConductdoesnotspecificallyprohibitfriendshipsbetweentheauditandtheteam.However,duetotheseniorpositionsheldbybothpartiesthenthereisariskthatindependencemaybeperceivedtohavebeenConsiderationshouldbegiventorotatingthepartneroffthisengagementandrecingwithanalternativepartner.EthicalManaging（5）Lastyear’sauditfeeisstilloutstanding.Thisamountsto20%oftheHengYuanshouldchasetheoutstandingremainoutstanding,asHengYuanmayfeelpressuretoagreetocertainaccountingadjustmentsinordertohavethepreviousyearandthecurrentyearfeeIftheyremainoutstandingthefirmshoulddiscusswiththosechargedwithernancethereasonsforthenon-paymentandideallyagreeasettledbeforemuchmoreworkisperformedforcurrentyearInadditionoutstandingfeescouldperceivedasaloantoa,thisstrictly2.PriortoacceptinganauditengagementthefirmshouldconsideranyissueswhichmightarisewhichcouldthreatencompliancewithCodeofEthicsandConductoranylocallegislation.Ifissuesarisethentheirsignificancemustbeconsidered.Thefirmshouldconsiderwhethertheyarecompetenttoperformtheworkandwhethertheywouldhaveappropriateresourcesavailab