专题06必修一Unit5单元基础达标练

专题06必修一Unit5根底学问一遍过单元根底达标练Ⅰ.依据汉语意思填写Maryis_______(将……认为)asthemostcarefulgirlinherclass.Weshouldhaveahealthy________(态度)tothedarksideofthesociety.Coffeehasahistory________(追溯到)backtoatleastthe9thcenturyandhasbeenacatalystforsocialinteractionacrossculturesanderas.Hisfirstvictorywastowinthe________(相等的)rightsforblackstositonbuses.Chinesefoodisfamousforitswide_______(多样性).Toavoidthewasteofelectricity,youshouldmakea_________(详细的)planatonce.Lookattheworkers!They________(雕刻)symbolsontheironnow.________(尽管)thepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Theoldsolider________(提及，涉及)tohisexperienceduringtheLongMarch.10．Icouldseetheyoungelephant________(挣扎)tofreehimself.Ⅱ.用单词的适当形式完成句子11.Itisrequiredthattheposition________(relate)tothestudents’life.12.Thiskindofprogrammewillbewellreceivedinthecountries________manyChineseareliving.13.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse________thegreatwriterusedtolive.14.Thereason________I’mheretotellthestoryisthatImadetherightdecision.15.Theperformermadeno________(refer)toherillnessbutonlytoherfutureplans.16.Theage_________childrencangotoschoolisseven.17.Thepany______(base)inNewYorkhasitsbranchofficesallovertheworldandcontinuestothrive.18.Thetowerfrom_____peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.19.Therewasatime________thiswasnewstome,too.20．WhilegivinganEnglishspeech,studentsarenotallowedtorefer______thenotes.Ⅲ.阅读理解AWhenIcametoChina,mysupplyofChinesefriendswhowerewillingtohearmetalkaboutschool(oneofthefewtopicsIcouldholdmorethanatwominuteconversationabout)wasfairlylimited.SohowdidIpractisemyspokenChinese?Inmyefforttobeagoodstudent,IdecidedtotalktoeverysingletaxidriverinBeijing.Taxidriverswereeasytargets.Theycouldn’ttellmetoshutupandtheyhadnowheretohidefrommyhorriblegrammar.Tomysurprise,taxidriversbecamemyfavoriteChineseteachersbecausemostofthetimetheywerehappytotalktomeaboutanything.Also,theirmostlovedtopicsofconversationtendedtofallintothreesimplecategories(种类):food,theirhometown,andtheforeigners’countries.Myabilitytoreachthislevelofconversationalskillhasbeenmadepossiblebyonequestion—“AreyouaBeijinger?〞andtaxidriverslovedtalkingabouttheirhometown.Ifoundthat15minuteswithaBeijingtaxidriverwasworthonehourwithmyChinesetutorbecausetheycouldn’tspeakEnglishsothere’snosecondlanguagetofallbackonwhenthingsgottootough.It’sjustmeandmyChineseskillsthatwouldhelp.IwasconstantlysurprisedbyhowmuchIunderstoodinparisontomyChineselanguagelevel.Andeveniftheykepttalkingforthewholetrip,atleastIwashoningmylisteningskills.Overtime,IfoundIcouldunderstandmoreandmore,andwasabletorespondsurprisinglyquickly.Anothertrick:IfIwantedtoimpress,Iwouldaddanextra“r〞toendmywords.Italwaysseemedtocheerthemup,andusuallyIwouldgetanencouraging“YourBeijingdialectissogood!〞21．WhatwasanadvantagefortheauthortotalktotaxidriversinBeijing?A．Theywereveryknowledgeable.B．Theywerecheaperthanteachers.C．Theyhadtoputupwithhisgrammar.D．Theyweremorewillingtohelp.22．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“honing〞inparagraph4?A．Improving.B．Showing.C．Missing.D．Exchanging.23．Whydidtheauthoraddanextra“r〞toendhiswords?A．HehopedtopractisehisBeijingdialect.B．Hewantedtomakefunofthedrivers’accent.C．HemainlyaimedtocoveruphispoorChinese.D．Hewantedtomakeagoodimpressiononthedrivers.24．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThechallengesoflearningChinese.B．ThetalkativetaxidriversinBeijing.C．Thedifficultyoflivinginaforeigncountry.D．TheexperienceofpractisingspokenChinese.BIfyouoverheardaconversationonabus,couldyoutellfromthewordsthatwereusedandthetopicsdiscussedthepersonalityofthepeoplewhowerechatting?Couldyoulearnsomethingaboutthecharacteroftheauthorfromtheirlanguage?Weareoftenremindedto“chooseourwordscarefully.〞Well,itturnsoutthatthewordsmayrevealmorethanwhatwearetryingtosay.Thereisevidencethatourpersonalityiswritteninthelanguagethatweuse.Introverts(内向的人)andextrovertsuselanguagedifferently.Researchersaskedvolunteerstolookatphotosofdifferentsocialsituationsanddescribewhatwasgoingon.Theyfoundextroverts’languagetendedtobemoreabstractand“loose〞whileintrovertsspokeinmoreconcreteterms.Thismakespsychologicalsense.Mostextrovertsenjoyaspeedierlifestyle,astheyaremorelikelytotakechancesthanintroverts.Whentheyopentheirmouths,extrovertsarepreparedtotakegreaterchanceswiththeaccuracyandreachofwhattheysay.Languagealsorevealsotheraspectsofourpersonalities,includinghowopenmindedandneurotic(神经质的)weare.Psychologistsgaveparticipantsfivewords:planecrash,parlormaid,fireworks,MiddleAgesandsupermarket,andaskedthemtowriteastorythatincludedthesewords.Thistimeopenmindedparticipantsproducedmorecreativestories,whileagreeable(讨人喜爱的)participantswrotestorieswithamoreprosocial(亲社会行为)feeling.Theideathatwerevealsomethingfundamentalaboutourselveseverytimewespeakandwriteisalittledisturbingespeciallyifyouprefertokeepyourcharacterprofiletoyourself.Butitalsooffersanopportunitytochangethewayyouareseenbyothers.Inajobinterview,itshouldbepossibletoadoptadesirablepersonalityjustbychangingthelanguageyouuse.IthinkI’dbetterstopwritingnowbeforeyoudiscoverwhatmineis.25．PeopleshouldbecarefulwiththechoiceofwordsbecausetheymayA．beimitatedbyothersB．beoverheardbyothersC．revealmorethanwhattheywanttosayD．makemistakeswhiletalkingtoothers26．Whyaretheextrovertsmoreabstractandloosewiththeirlanguage?A．Theypursueaquickerlifestyleandusuallytakeriskswiththeirwords.B．Therearesomepsychologicalproblemswiththem.C．Theyaremorewillingtodescribethephotosofdifferentsituations.D．Theyareeagertoimpresstheresearchers.27．PsychologistsaskedtheparticipantstowriteastoryA．toproveeveryonecanproducecreativestoriesB．toprovepeopleofdifferentpersonalitieswriteindifferentstylesC．toinspirepeopletomakefriendswiththoseagreeableD．toshowhowopenmindedandneurotictheyare28．Ajobinterviewismentionedinparagraph6toshowA．interviewerspreferthosekeepingtheircharacterprofilestothemselvesB．intervieweescanmakeuseoftheirlanguagetobetterpresentthemselvesC．aninterviewisagoodopportunityforpeopletochangehowothersviewthemD．peopletendtorevealsomethingfundamentalaboutthemselvesinaninterviewⅣ.完形填空I’mauniversityprofessoratanartschool.Lastyear,Idecidedto29onlineclassestogainsomeknowledgeofArabic(阿拉伯语).MyteacherandIwouldmeetafewtimesamonthtopractice30andgoovergrammar.Duringourmunication,healso31detailsofhislife.Gradually,the32ofthefirstfewlessonsgavewaytomorefamiliarityandfort.Istoppedfeelingembarrassedandbegantoopenupaboutmyown33andmybattlewithArabic.“Don’tworry;I’mhereto34you.You’rehardworkingandI’msureyou’lldowellinit,〞saidmyteacher.Ihad35mystudentswithsimilarwordsinmyownteaching.Itwas36tohearthemdirectedatme.Thetablesturned.“Youare37today,〞myteacherwouldsaywhenIusedvariedvocabularyorexpressions.WhenIheardthesefourwords,Igotafeelingof38.Italsosurprisedmethatmyconfidencecouldbeencouragedbysuch39praise.ThatwaswhenIbecameawarehow40Ihadpraisedmystudents,becauseIthoughtmuchpraisemadethemselfsatisfied.Butnow,Ihadachangeofheartand41thattheseplainwordscanmeanalot.Words42.AndnowIbeemore43whenIusethem.29．A．keepupwithB．signupforC．makeupforD．eupwith30．A．writingB．listeningC．conversationD．translation31．A．recordedB．sharedC．avoidedD．debated32．A．embarrassmentB．nervousnessC．excitementD．expectation33．A．routineB．achievementC．educationD．background34．A．remindB．contributeC．teachD．inspire35．A．fortedB．informedC．praisedD．rescued36．A．disappointedB．strangeC．concernedD．upset37．A．fluentB．braveC．energeticD．excellent38．A．calmB．reliefC．joyD．safety39．A．simpleB．specialC．monD．mild40．A．naturallyB．rarelyC．necessarilyD．casually41．A．wonderedB．rememberedC．reflectedD．understood42．A．matterB．failC．remainD．develop43．A．curiousB．certainC．thoughtfulD．particularⅤ.七选五Translationisanessentialtoolforeffectivemunication.Amonwayofgettinganytranslationdoneistoturntohumantranslators.However,machinetranslatorshavedevelopedrapidlyinrecentyears.Manypeopleclaimthattheywillreplacehumantranslatorssoon.44Machinesmayfailtounderstandcultureproperly.Differentcultureshavedifferentwordsthatareuniquetothatspecificculture.Machinescannotunderstandorrecognizeidioms,slang,andallusions(典故).45Bycontrast,humantranslatorscanfindthesuitableequivalent(对应物)inthetargetlanguagebasedontheculturalbackground.46Indifferentlanguages,therearewordswithvariousmeanings,whichcanbeasignificantproblemformachinetranslators.Thesewordshavetobeplacedincontexttodeterminetheirtruemeaningsandinmanycasesonlyhumantranslatorscandothis.Ifyourunadocumentwiththiskindofwordsthroughamachinetranslator,itmayleadtoinaccuratetranslations.Itisdifficulttolocalizemachinesfordifferentlanguages.Newphrasesarebeingdevelopedinalmostalllanguages.47Ifyoufeednewwordsintoamachinetranslator,themachinemightgo“speechless〞,tryingtoeupwiththemostappropriatewaytotranslatethestrangebinationofwords.Humantranslators,ontheotherhand,canpickuponthedevelopmentinalanguagequickly.It’sdifficultformachinestodistinguishstyleandtone.Everywrittendocumenthasadifferentstyleandtone.Adocumentcanhavepoetic,funnyorpersuasivestyleandtone.Machinetranslatorsmaylosetheintendedstyleandtoneexistingintheoriginaldocument.48Andsuchatranslationcanhardlyresonate(引起共鸣)withthepersonwhoreadsit.A．Machinescan’trelatewordstothecontext.B．Machinescan’trememberwordsofalllanguagesC．Itdoesn’tactuallyholdupforsomereasons.D．Thustheresultisaflatandsoullesstranslation.E．Machinetranslatorsareunabletocatchthesechangesintime.F．Thisisonechallengetheymayfindverydifficulttoovere.G．Machinetranslatorsarebeingmoreandmorepopularthesedays.Ⅵ.书面表达49．假定你是李华，你的外国网友Nick对你市即将举办的线上“用英语讲中国故事〞活动很感爱好，请你写封电子邮件进行介绍。〔TellChineseStoriesinEnglish〕内容包括：1.活动要求；2.活动意义；3.建议参与。留意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearNick,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHuaⅠ.依据汉语意思填写1．regarded【详解】考查动词。句意：玛丽被认为是班上最细心的女孩。依据中文提示可知，表示“将……认为〞应用动词regard，而beregardedas表“被认为〞，为固定搭配。故填regarded。2．attitude【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应当对社会的阴暗面持健康的态度。形容词healthy后接名词形式。“态度〞英文为attitude，依据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。依据汉语提示及句意，故填attitude。3．dating【详解】考查动词。句意：咖啡有至少可以追溯到9世纪的历史，始终是跨文化和时代社会互动的催化剂。依据汉语提示可知短语为datebackto，且此处与history构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填dating。4．equal【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的第一个成功是为黑人赢得了坐在公共汽车上的公平权利。名词rights前用形容词修饰。equal“相等的〞，作定语。故填equal。5．variety【详解】考查名词。句意：中国菜以种类繁多而著名。形容词修饰名词，依据汉语提示可知，“多样性〞是variety。故填variety。6．specific【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了防止铺张电力，你应当马上制定一个详细的方案。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用形容词，依据汉语提示，表示“详细的〞含义的形容词为specific，故填specific。7．arecarving【详解】考查动词时态。句意：看那些工人!他们正在铁器上刻符号。依据汉语提示“雕刻〞是carve，now提示用现在进行时，主语是they，谓语用复数。故填arecarving。8．Despite【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管苦痛，我还是坚持了下来，走了一会儿，然后又跑了起来。空格处应当填入介词，依据词义“尽管〞可知，使用介词despite，因其位于句首，故填Despite。9．referred【详解】考查动词。句意：这位老战士提到了他在中的经受。本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，依据汉语提示“提及，涉及〞及后文to可知，此处应用动词refer的过去式作谓语。故填referred。10．struggling【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我能观察那头小象挣扎着想摆脱出来。句中宾语theyoungelephant和动词struggle之间是主动关系，且强调动作正在进行，此处应当用struggle的现在分词作宾语补足语。依据汉语提示及句意，故填struggling。Ⅱ.用单词的适当形式完成句子11．shouldberelated/berelated【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：要求作文与同学的生活有关。依据Itisrequiredthat可知，主句表示“要求〞，从句用should+do构成虚拟语气结构，should可以省略，依据position与relate为被动关系可知，空处用shouldberelated或者berelated。故填(should)berelated。12．where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这类节目将在很多中国人居住的国家受到欢送。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词countries在从句中作地点状语成分。故填where。13．where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天我们去参观了那位宏大作家曾经住过的房子。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是house，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。14．why【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在这里叙述这个故事的缘由是我做了正确的打算。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是reason，在从句中作缘由状语，用why引导。故填why。15．reference【详解】考查名词。句意：表演者没有提到她的疾病，只提到她的将来方案。no是形容词，修饰名词，refer是动词，名词形式是reference“提及；涉及〞，依据句意，此处用作不行数名词，makenoreference“没提及〞，故填reference。16．atwhich【详解】考查定语从句。句意：孩子们可以上学的年龄是七岁。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是age，常与at搭配，指“在……年龄〞，关系词替代先行词作at的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填atwhich。17．based【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家总部设在纽约的公司在世界各地都设有分公司，并连续蓬勃开展。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语修饰Thepany,base在此处用作动词表示“为……设立总部〞，与Thepany为规律上的动宾关系，故用动词ed形式作后置定语。故填based。18．which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们可以观赏美景的塔在山上。分析句子结构可知，“frompeoplecanhaveagoodview〞为定语从句，修饰先行词Thetower。故本空填定语从句引导词which，用which代替先行词Thetower在with后面做宾语，留意介词后的定语从句引导词不能用that。故填which。19．when【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有一段时间，这对我来说也是新闻。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词time，引导词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。20．to【详解】考查介词。句意：做英语演讲时，同学们不能参考笔记。依据句意，及空格前动词refer，可知此处考查动词短语referto“参考〞。故填to。Ⅲ.阅读理解A:21．C22．A23．D24．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述的是作者作为一位外国人通过与出租车司机沟通提高汉语水平的故事。21．细节理解题。依据其次段“Theycouldn’ttellmetoshutupandtheyhadnowheretohidefrommyhorriblegrammar.(他们不能叫我闭嘴，他们也无处可躲我糟糕的语法。)〞可知，出租车司机不会让作者闭嘴，也无处躲避作者糟糕的语法，由此可知，作者在北京与出租车司机交谈的有利之处就是他们不得不忍受作者糟糕的语法。应选C项。22．词义猜想题，依据画线词后“Overtime,IfoundIcouldunderstandmoreandmore,andwasabletorespondsurprisinglyquickly.(随着时间的推移，我发觉我能理解的越来越多，并且能够以惊人的速度做出反响。)〞可知，作者的汉语水平得到了提高，结合划线单词前的“Andeveniftheykepttalkingforthewholetrip(即使他们一路上都在说个不停)〞以及后面的“mylisteningskills(提高我的听力技能)〞可知，司机们不停的说，作者至少可以提高听力，由此可知，honing与Improving是同义词。应选A项。23．细节理解题。依据最终一段中的“IfIwantedtoimpress,Iwouldaddanextra‘r’toendmywords.(假如我想给人留下深刻印象，我会在我的单词后面加一个“r〞。)〞可知，作者弄儿化音是为了给司机留下好印象。应选D项。24．主旨大意题。依据第一段“SohowdidIpractisemyspokenChinese?(那么我是如何练习汉语口语的呢？)〞以及其次段中的“Inmyefforttobeagoodstudent,IdecidedtotalktoeverysingletaxidriverinBeijing.Taxidriverswereeasytargets.(为了成为一个好同学，我打算和北京的每一个出租车司机交谈。出租车司机很简洁成为目标。)〞并结合下文中作者回忆他在北京利用出租车司机练汉语的经受可知，本文主要介绍的是作者练习汉语口语的经受。应选D项。B:25．C26．A27．B28．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了言语表达是展现一个人性格特征的镜子，言语表达习惯的不同反映出共性的不同。25．细节理解题。依据其次段中“Weareoftenremindedto“chooseourwordscarefully.〞Well,itturnsoutthatthewordsmayrevealmorethanwhatwearetryingtosay.〞〔我们常常被提示要“谨慎用词〞。嗯，事实证明，这些话可能比我们想说的更多。〕可知，人们应当当心用词，由于他们可能会透露出比他们想说的更多的东西。应选C项。26．细节理解题。依据第四段中“Thismakespsychologicalsense.Mostextrovertsenjoyaspeedierlifestyle,astheyaremorelikelytotakechancesthanintroverts.〞〔这在心理学上是有道理的。大多数外向的人喜爱快节奏的生活方式，由于他们比内向的人更喜爱冒险。〕可知，外向的人在语言上更抽象和松散是由于他们追求更快的生活方式，通常会在言语上冒险。应选A项。27．细节理解题。依据第五段中“Psychologistsgaveparticipantsfivewords:planecrash,parlormaid,fireworks,MiddleAgesandsupermarket,andaskedthemtowriteastorythatincludedthesewords.Thistimeopenmindedparticipantsproducedmorecreativestories,whileagreeable(讨人喜爱的)participantswrotestorieswithamoreprosocial(亲社会行为)feeling.〞〔心理学家给参与者五个词:飞机失事、客厅女仆、烟花、中世纪和超市，并要求他们写一篇包含这些词的故事。这一次，思想开放的参与者写出了更有创意的故事，而随和的参与者写出了更亲社会的故事。〕可知，心理学家要求参与者写一个故事，以证明不同性格的人写作风格不同。应选B项。28．推理推断题。依据第六段“Theideathatwerevealsomethingfundamentalaboutourselveseverytimewespeakandwriteisalittledisturbingespeciallyifyouprefertokeepyourcharacterprofiletoyourself.Butitalsooffersanopportunitytochangethewayyouareseenbyothers.Inajobinterview,itshouldbepossibletoadoptadesirablepersonalityjustbychangingthelanguageyouuse.〞〔我们每次说话和写作都在透露自己的一些根本信息，这种想法有点令人担心，尤其是假如你更喜爱把自己的性格特征保密的话。但它也供应了一个时机来转变别人对你的看法。在求职面试中，只要转变你使用的语言，就有可能塑造出一种抱负的性格。〕可推知，第六段提到工作面试是为了说明面试者可以使用他们的语言来更好地展现自己。应选B项。Ⅳ.完形填空29．B30．C31．B32．A33．D34．C35．A36．B37．D38．C39．A40．B41．D42．A43．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者学习阿拉伯语的经受，明白了即使是简洁的赞美也能鼓舞一个人的信念的道理。29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年，我打算报名参与网络课程，学习一些阿拉伯语学问。A.keepupwith跟上，与……保持联系；B.signupfor报名参与；C.makeupfor弥补；D.eupwith提出，想出。依据“togainsomeknowledgeofArabic〞可知，作者想学习一些阿拉伯语学问，故是报名参与网络课程，应选B。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和老师每个月都会见面几次，练习对话和复习语法。A.writing写作；B.listening听力；C.conversation对话；D.translation翻译。依据下文“Duringourmunication(在我们的沟通中)〞可推断，作者和老师除了进行语法复习之外，还会进行对话练习。应选C。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的沟通中，他也共享了他的生活细节。A.recorded记录；B.shared共享；C.avoided防止；D.debated辩论。前文提到作者和老师会进行对话练习，因此此处指老师会在对话练习中共享一些生活细节。应选B。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，最初几节课的为难被熟识和舒适所取代。A.embarrassment为难；B.nervousness紧急；C.excitement兴奋，冲动；D.expectation期盼。依据下文“Istoppedfeelingembarrassed(我不再感到为难)〞可知，作者在刚开头上课的时候感到为难，应选A。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再感到为难，开头畅谈自己的经受和我与阿拉伯语的斗争。A.routine常规；B.achievement成就；C.education教育；D.background背景，经受。依据下文“mybattlewithArabic〞和下文老师抚慰作者的话“You’rehardworkingandI’msureyou’lldowellinit(你很努力，我信任你会做得很好的)〞可知，作者学阿拉伯语的过程有一些苦痛的过程和挣扎，这是他学习阿拉伯语的经受。应选D。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别担忧；我是来教你的。你很努力，我信任你会做得很好，〞我的老师说。A.remind提示；B.contribute做奉献；C.teach教；D.inspire鼓舞。结合语境可知，老师是来教作者阿拉伯语的，应选C。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我自己的教学中，我也曾用类似的话来抚慰我的同学。A.forted抚慰；B.informed通知；C.praised表扬；D.rescued营救。依据上文“You’rehardworkingandI’msureyou’lldowellinit(你很努力，我信任你会做得很好)〞可知，这些是阿拉伯语老师抚慰作者的话，作者作为高校的老师，在自己的教学过程中，也用这些话去抚慰自己的同学。应选A。36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到这些话对着我来说真惊奇。A.disappointed绝望的；B.strange惊奇的；C.concerned担忧的；D.upset懊丧的。依据下文“Thetablesturned.(形势逆转了)〞可知，作者作为高校老师常常会用“做得好〞这样的话来抚慰自己的同学，这是作者老师曾经对作者说过的话，如今形式逆转了，所以当作者听到自己说出这样的话的时候应当是感觉到特别的惊奇，应选B。37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我使用不同的词汇或表达方式时，老师会说：“你今日真棒。〞A.fluent流利的；B.brave英勇的；C.energetic精力充分的；D.excellent优秀的，极好的。依据“whenIusedvariedvocabularyorexpressions(当我使用不同的词汇或表达时)〞可知，作者在学习语言的过程中使用不同的词汇，老师应是表扬作者特别棒。应选D。38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我听到这四个字时，我有一种喜悦的感觉。A.calm安静；B.relief宽慰；C.joy喜悦，欢乐；D.safety平安。当人受到表扬的时候，应当特别快乐，因此作者会有一种喜悦快乐的感觉。应选C。39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样令我惊异的是，如此简洁的赞美竟能鼓舞我的信念。A.simple简洁的；B.special特殊的；C.mon一般的；D.mild温柔的。依据上文“Youare____9____today〞以及下文“theseplainwordscanmeanalot(这些简洁的话语意义重大)〞可知，老师一句简洁的表扬能鼓舞作者的信念，应选A。40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那时我才意识到我很少表扬我的同学，由于我认为太多的表扬会让他们自我满意。A.naturally自然地；B.rarely很少；C.necessarily必要地；D.casually随便地。依据“becauseIthoughtmuchpraisemadethemselfsatisfied〞可知，作者很少表扬自己的同学，怕他们会自满，应选B。41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是现在，我转变了办法，明白了这些简洁的话可以意味着很多。A.wondered想知道；B.remembered记得，想起；C.reflected反映，反射；D.understood理解，明白。依据“Ihadachangeofheart〞及语境可知，现在作者转变了办法，明白了简洁的表扬也会有很大影响，应选D。42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：言语很重要。A.matter要紧；重要；有重大影响；B.fail失败；C.remain保持，逗留；D.develop开展。依据上文“theseplainwordscanmeanalot〞可知，言语很重要，应选A。43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在当我使用它们的时候，我变得更深思熟虑了。A.curious奇怪???的；B.certain确定的；C.thoughtful思索的，深思熟虑的；D.particular特殊的。依据上文内容可知，作者明白了即使是简洁的语言也能鼓舞人的信念，语言的作用是特别大的，因此在使用语言的时候反而要经过好好的思索。应选C。Ⅴ.七选五44．C45．F46．A47．E48．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白机器翻译无法取代人工的翻译的几点缘由。44．依据上文“Translationisanessentialtoolforeffectivemunication.Amonwayofgettinganytranslationdoneistoturntohumantranslators.However,machinetranslatorshavedevelopedrapidlyinrecentyears.Manypeopleclaimthattheywillreplacehumantranslatorssoon.(翻译是有效沟通的重要工具。完成任何翻译的一种常见方法是求助于人工翻译。然而，机器翻译近年来开展快速。很多人声称他们很快就会取代人工翻译)〞以及后文“Machinesmayfailtounderstandcultureproperly.(机器可能无法正确理解文化)〞等列举了机器无法取代人工翻译的理由，可知，本句是在说明这种说法并不成立。故C选项“由于某些缘由，这实际上并不成立〞符合语境，应选C。45．依据上文“Differentcultureshavedifferentwordsthatareuniquetothatspecificculture.Machinescannotunderstandorrecognizeidioms,slang,andallusions(典故).(不同的文化有不同的词汇，这些词汇对特定的文化来说是独一无二的。机器不能理解或识别习语、俚语和典故)〞以及后文“Bycontrast,humantranslatorscanfindthesuitableequivalent(对应物)inthetargetlanguagebasedontheculturalbackground.(相比之下，人工译者可以依据文化背景在译语中找到适宜的对等词)〞可知，上文提到了“机器不能理解或识别习语、俚语和典故〞，即是机器翻译存在的问题，故F选项“这是一个他们可能很难克服的挑战〞符合语境，应选F。46．依据后文“Indifferentlanguages,therearewordswithvariousmeanings,whichcanbeasignificantproblemformachinetranslators.Thesewordshavetobeplacedincontexttodeterminetheirtruemeaningsandinmanycasesonlyhumantranslatorscandothis.Ifyourunadocumentwiththiskindofwordsthroughamachinetranslator,itmayleadtoinaccuratetranslations.(在不同的语言中，有不同含义的单词，这对于机器翻译来说可能是一个重大问题。这些词必需放在上下文中才能确定它们的真正含义，在很多状况下只有人工翻译才能做到这一点。假如你通过机器翻译运行带有这类单词的文档，可能会导致翻译不精确?????)〞可知，本段的主旨是机器无法联系上下文，A选项中context对应后文context。故A选项“机器不能把单词和上下文联系起来〞符合语境，应选A。47．依据上文“Itisdifficulttolocalizemachinesfordifferentlanguages.Newphrasesarebeingdevelopedinalmostalllanguages.(为不同的语言本地化机器是很困难的。几乎全部的语言都在开展新的短语)〞以及后文“Ifyoufeednewwordsintoamachinetranslator,themachinemightgo“speechless〞,tryingtoeupwiththemo