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小综合训练10对应学生用书P140Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·辽宁五校联考)Airbags,nowfoundinalmosteveryvehicle,havesavedcountlesslivesandlargelyreducedtheseriousnessofinjuriesincrashes.Similartechnologycouldgreatlyreducebrokenhips(髋部)resultingfromafall,somethingmostseniorsfear.Dr.RobertBuckmanandhisstartupcompany,ActiveProtectiveinAllentown,Pennsylvania,hasdevelopedapromisingsolution,awearableairbagthatcanprotecthipbonesintheeventofafall.TheideawastheresultofDr.Buckman'syearsasadoctoratThedeviceiswornmuchlikearegularbelt,butontheoutsideoftheclothing,itincludessensorsthatmonitorthemovementofhips.Ifthedevicedetectsthatthepersonisfalling,anairbagopensbeforethepersonhitstheground,cushioningthefall.Whenthewearerhitstheground,thebagreducestheforcetothehipbonesby90percent,enoughtoavoidthemajorityofhipinjuries.Withoneoutofeverythreepeopleaged65andoldersufferingseriousfallseachyear,ActiveProtectivehasabigmarketforitswearabledevice.Italsohasthepotentialtosizablyreducehiprelatedhealthcareexpenses:HipinjuriesamongtheelderlycosttheUShealthcaresystemin2012$30billion,whichdoesn'tincludethelongtermcareexpensesassociatedwiththehighpercentageofpatientsthatcannolongerliveindependently.【语篇解读】本文介绍了可穿戴安全气囊的发明缘由、工作原理以及可能带来的影响。1.WhatisthepurposeoftheActiveProtective'sairbag?A.Toavoidhipinjuriesamongseniors.B.Toprotectseniorsfromcaraccidents.C.Tohelpseniorswiththeirdailynursing.D.Tohelpdoctorsdealwithseriousinjuries.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Similartechnologycouldgreatlyreducebrokenhips(髋部)resultingfromafall,somethingmostseniorsfear.”和第二段中的“awearableairbagthatcanprotecthipbonesintheeventofafall”可知,theActiveProtective'sairbag的目的是避免老年人髋部受伤。故选A。答案A2.WhatinspiredDr.RobertBuckmantomakethedevice?A.Areportonseniors'health.B.Aseriousfallheexperienced.C.Hisworkexperiencesasadoctor.D.SuggestionsofseniorsatTemple解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Henoticedhowmanyelderlypeoplewerebeingbroughtintohospitalswithbrokenhipsduetofalls,andhowtheyoftennevercompletelyrecoveredfromtheinjuries.Hestartedtoaskwhathecoulddoforthesepeople,andthatwaswhenhestartedtryingtofigureoutwhethertherewasawayofhelpingpeoplewhowereatthehighestriskoffallingandsufferingthesekindsofinjuries.”可知,当医生时的所见促使Dr.RobertBuckman制造这个装置。故选C。答案C3.Howdoesthedevicemainlywork?A.Byreducingtheeffectsoffalling.B.Byspeedingupbonerecovery.C.Bypredictingroadconditions.D.Bypreventingpeoplefromfailing.解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知,这个装置在人将要摔倒在地的那一刻,安全气囊自动打开,以减弱身体撞击地面的强度;当穿戴者撞击地面时,安全气囊将髋骨受的冲击力降低了90%,这足以避免大部分的髋部受伤。故选A。答案A4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheActiveProtective'sairbag?A.Itstillneedsimproving.B.Ithasapromisingfuture.C.Itmayencourageseniorstodoexercise.D.ItmayincreaseAmerica'sexpensesonseniors.解析观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“ActiveProtectivehasabigmarketforitswearabledevice.Italsohasthepotentialtosizablyreducehiprelatedhealthcareexpenses”可推知,这个装置前景很好,故选B项。答案BⅡ.七选五(2019·广州五校联考)Weallhavetomakedecisionsallthetime,andwehaveanabundanceofchoices,rangingfromtinyissuestovitalones.Unfortunately,peopleoftenfindithardtomakedecisions.__1__Ifyouwouldliketoimproveyourskillofdecisionmaking,herearefoursuggestionsforyou.Don'texpecttohaveitall.__2__Youcan'tordereverydeliciousdishonthemenu.Andtherewillbepathsnottaken,careersnotchosen,tonameafew.Youcanimaginesome“whatif”situationsifyoumust,butdonotletthemtakeuptoomuchspaceinyourbrain.__3__It'softengoodtothinkthroughyourdecisions.Butdon'toverdoit.Researchcanreachapointwherereturnsbegintoreduce,whichmakesitconfusingmorethanclarifying.Manygooddecisionscanbemadebasedasmuchonintuition(直觉)asoncarefulassessmentofendlessdata.Don'tdelaymakingdecisions.Yes,thereisatimetoputoffmakingadecision.Perhapsyouneedmoreinformation.__4__Orit'slikelythatyouwaitforalessstressfultime.Justdon'twaitsolongthatthedecisionismadebyyourownindecisiveness.Don'tbehardonyourself.Youdecidetogoonavoyage.Youchooseanexpensiveliner.Everythingshouldworkoutjustright.Onlyyoudidn'texpectabugthatranaroundontheship,makingyouandyourfamilysickforfivedays.__5__Butpleaserememberitisunavoidablesometimes.A.Don'tspendtoomuchtimethinking.B.Itisanimportantsourceofinformation.C.Don'tcountonemotiontomakedecisions.D.Maybeyouwishtoconsultwithyouradviser.E.Youmayregretmakingsuchastupiddecision.F.Decisionsforceustoclosethedooronotherpossibilities.G.Thatmeanstheskillofgooddecisionmakingcountsalot.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了提高决策技能的四条建议,包括不求全责备,不要费时思虑太多,不要延误做决定和不要苛求自己。1.G根据空处所在的位置可知,该句承上启下;根据空前一句“Unfortunately,peopleoftenfindithardtomakedecisions.”可知,不幸的是,人们经常发现很难做决定。可以推断,做决定的技能很重要,故G项正确。空处下文中的“yourskillofdecisionmaking”也是提示。2.F根据该段小标题“Don'texpecttohaveitall.”可知,该段主要论述“不要求全责备”。结合空后的“Youcan'tordereverydeliciousdishonthemenu.Andtherewillbepathsnottaken,careersnotchosen,tonameafew.”可知,做决定迫使我们关上了一扇其他可能的大门,故F项正确。3.A根据空处所在的位置可知,空处为该段的小标题。结合本段第一、二句“It'softengoodtothinkthroughyourdecisions.Butdon'toverdoit.”可知,该段主要论述“不要费时思虑太多。”这一观点,故A项正确。4.D根据空前的“thereisatimetoputoffmakingadecision”可知,空处与空前一句和空后一句都为延迟做决定的可能原因,故D项“你可能希望咨询你的顾问。”符合语境。5.E根据该段小标题“Don'tbehardonyourself.”可知,不要太苛求自己。结合空后一句“Butpleaserememberitisunavoidablesometimes.”可知,你要记住这是不可避免的事情,据此可以推断,空处表示“你可能会对你愚蠢的决定后悔”,故E项正确。Ⅲ.完形填空(2019·南昌段考)Mygrandfathergavemetheworldwhenhegavemehislove.Hewouldhavedoneanythingforme,andhewasalways__1__tobusyhimselfwithsomeprojectmeantformy__2__.SummermonthsmeantthatIcouldhavemorefunonmygrandfather'sfarmawayfromthe__3__ofcitylife.Onlyatwentyminutedrivefromourhome,mymotheroftenmadethe__4__withmeintothecompanyofmy__5__.Ononevisitthatwasmeanttobeshort,Ienjoyedmychildishhappinessby__6__snacksanddrinksoutsidemygrandparents'house,whereotherchildren__7__tovisitfriendsandfamily.Iwas__8__countingthelittlechangethoughitwasfarfromtheaimofmy__9__.Myenthusiasmwasdisappearing,however,whenmymotherapproachedtoremindmeofanappointmentIknewIwouldnotbe__10__tomiss.“Butwhowillsitatmylemonadestand?”IaskedMum,unwillingto__11__.“Iguessyouwillhavetopackitawayuntilanotherday,”sherepliedwith__12__.Mournfully(悲哀的),Ibegantoobey,__13__packingupmylemonadestand.Fromthe__14__,whereIcouldseethroughwindow,Grandpacamesteppingacrossthegrass.He__15__touchedmycheckwitharoughfinger,putmylemonadestandback,seatedhimselfinthechairand__16__anewspaper.“Itisa__17__dayforlemonade,”hesaid.“Hurryback,andwewillsharesome.”Whenwe__18__laterthatday,Grandpawasstillatmypost.ThesmallboxwhereIhadbeguntoplacemy__19__hasnomorechangethanitcouldbeaccountedforevenif__20__villageshowedupforadrink.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”最喜欢到祖父的农场过暑假,远离城市生活的无聊,享受农场生活。在祖父家的外面,“我”可以向过往的孩子们销售零食和饮料,虽然没有挣多少钱,但这样的生活让“我”流连忘返……1.A.kind B.willingC.relaxed D.privileged解析结合该句中的“Hewouldhavedoneanythingforme”可知,“我”的祖父总是愿意为“我”的快乐(happiness)做任何事。bewillingtodosth.为固定搭配,意为“乐意做某事”,故B项正确。kind“友善的”;relaxed“放松的”;privileged“有特权的”。答案B2.A.birthday B.loveC.world D.happiness解析参见上题解析。答案D3.A.boredom B.diversityC.amusement D.laziness解析夏季意味着“我”可以在“我”祖父的农场里享受更多的乐趣,远离城市生活的无聊(boredom)。diversity意为“差异,多样性”;amusement“娱乐”;laziness“懒惰”。答案A4.A.trip B.drinkC.food D.plan解析祖父家离“我”家只有二十分钟的车程,“我”的母亲经常和“我”同行(trip)。drink“饮料”;food“食物”;plan“计划”。答案A5.A.grandfather B.fatherC.friend D.family解析根据上文提到的祖父的农场离“我”家只有二十分钟的车程可知,“我”的母亲经常和“我”一起去陪伴祖父。故选A。答案A6.A.collecting B.makingC.enjoying D.selling解析结合下文中的“countingthelittlechange”可知,有一次在祖父家短暂的逗留中,“我”喜欢上了在祖父家的外面向孩子们出售(sell)零食和饮料。collect“收集”;make“制造”;enjoy“享受”。答案D7.A.passed B.forgotC.decided D.ran解析在祖父家的外面,“我”向经过(pass)这里拜访朋友和亲属的孩子们出售零食和饮料。forget“忘记”;decide“决定”;run“奔跑”。答案A8.A.hopelessly B.carelesslyC.excitedly D.cautiously解析“我”兴奋地(excitedly)数着这些零钱,尽管它们离“我”努力(effort)的目标还很远。hopelessly“无望地”;carelessly“粗心地”;cautiously“谨慎地”。答案C9.A.life B.effortC.work D.reality解析参见上题解析。life“生活”;work“工作”,reality“事实”。答案B10.A.advised B.madeC.prepared D.permitted解析然而,当“我”母亲走近并提醒“我”一个“我”知道不允许(permit)错过的约会时,“我”知道“我”要离开这里,所以“我”的热情逐渐消失。advise“建议”;make“制造”;prepare“准备”。答案D11.A.answer B.packC.leave D.disappear解析根据上文中的“Ienjoyedmychildishhappinessby__6__snacksanddrinksoutsidemygrandparents'house”可知,“我”不愿意离开(leave)这里。answer“回答”;pack“收拾”;disappear“消失”。答案C12.A.regret B.embarrassmentC.amusement D.anger解析根据上文内容可知,“我”要赴一个不允许错过的约会,但“我”不愿离开,再结合该句中的“Iguessyouwillhavetopackitawayuntilanotherday”可推知,母亲应是感到遗憾的。故A项符合语境。embarrassment“尴尬”;amusement“快乐”;anger“愤怒”。答案A13.A.gratefully B.delightedlyC.slowly D.hurriedly解析根据上文提到的unwilling可知,作者不情愿离开,因此慢慢地(slowly)收拾“我”的柠檬汽水摊位。gratefully“感激地”;delightedly“高兴地”;hurriedly“匆忙地”。答案C14.A.farm B.storeC.house
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